doc/core/howto/choosing-reactor.html

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   3 <title>Twisted Documentation: Choosing a Reactor and GUI Toolkit Integration</title>
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   6
   7   <body bgcolor="white">
   8     <h1 class="title">Choosing a Reactor and GUI Toolkit Integration</h1>
   9     <div class="toc"><ol><li><a href="#auto0">Overview</a></li><li><a href="#auto1">Reactor Functionality</a></li><li><a href="#auto2">General Purpose Reactors</a></li><ul><li><a href="#auto3">Select()-based Reactor</a></li></ul><li><a href="#auto4">Platform-Specific Reactors</a></li><ul><li><a href="#auto5">Poll-based Reactor</a></li><li><a href="#auto6">KQueue</a></li><li><a href="#auto7">WaitForMultipleObjects (WFMO) for Win32</a></li><li><a href="#auto8">Input/Output Completion Port (IOCP) for Win32</a></li><li><a href="#auto9">Epoll-based Reactor</a></li></ul><li><a href="#auto10">GUI Integration Reactors</a></li><ul><li><a href="#auto11">GTK+</a></li><li><a href="#auto12">GTK+ 3.0 and GObject Introspection</a></li><li><a href="#auto13">wxPython</a></li><li><a href="#auto14">CoreFoundation</a></li></ul><li><a href="#auto15">Non-Reactor GUI Integration</a></li><ul><li><a href="#auto16">Tkinter</a></li><li><a href="#auto17">PyUI</a></li></ul></ol></div>
  10     <div class="content">
  11     <span/>
  12
  13     <h2>Overview<a name="auto0"/></h2>
  14
  15     <p>Twisted provides a variety of implementations of the <code class="API"><a href="http://twistedmatrix.com/documents/12.1.0/api/twisted.internet.reactor.html" title="twisted.internet.reactor">twisted.internet.reactor</a></code>.  The specialized
  16     implementations are suited for different purposes and are
  17     designed to integrate better with particular platforms.</p>
  18
  19     <p>The <a href="#epoll" shape="rect">epoll()-based reactor</a> is Twisted's default on
  20     Linux. Other platforms use <a href="#poll" shape="rect">poll()</a>, or the most
  21     cross-platform reactor, <a href="#select" shape="rect">select()</a>.</p>
  22
  23     <p>Platform-specific reactor implementations exist for:</p>
  24
  25     <ul>
  26       <li><a href="#poll" shape="rect">Poll for Linux</a></li>
  27       <li><a href="#epoll" shape="rect">Epoll for Linux 2.6</a></li>
  28       <li><a href="#win32_wfmo" shape="rect">WaitForMultipleObjects (WFMO) for Win32</a></li>
  29       <li><a href="#win32_iocp" shape="rect">Input/Output Completion Port (IOCP) for Win32</a></li>
  30       <li><a href="#kqueue" shape="rect">KQueue for FreeBSD and Mac OS X</a></li>
  31       <li><a href="#cfreactor" shape="rect">CoreFoundation for Mac OS X</a></li>
  32     </ul>
  33
  34     <p>The remaining custom reactor implementations provide support
  35     for integrating with the native event loops of various graphical
  36     toolkits.  This lets your Twisted application use all of the
  37     usual Twisted APIs while still being a graphical application.</p>
  38
  39     <p>Twisted currently integrates with the following graphical
  40     toolkits:</p>
  41
  42     <ul>
  43       <li><a href="#gtk" shape="rect">GTK+ 2.0</a></li>
  44       <li><a href="#gtk3" shape="rect">GTK+ 3.0 and GObject Introspection</a></li>
  45       <li><a href="#tkinter" shape="rect">Tkinter</a></li>
  46       <li><a href="#wxpython" shape="rect">wxPython</a></li>
  47       <li><a href="#win32_wfmo" shape="rect">Win32</a></li>
  48       <li><a href="#cfreactor" shape="rect">CoreFoundation</a></li>
  49       <li><a href="#pyui" shape="rect">PyUI</a></li>
  50     </ul>
  51
  52     <p>When using applications that are runnable using <code>twistd</code>, e.g.
  53        TACs or plugins, there is no need to choose a reactor explicitly, since
  54        this can be chosen using <code>twistd</code>'s -r option.</p>
  55
  56     <p>In all cases, the event loop is started by calling <code class="python">reactor.run()</code>. In all cases, the event loop
  57     should be stopped with <code class="python">reactor.stop()</code>.</p>
  58
  59     <p><strong>IMPORTANT:</strong> installing a reactor should be the first thing
  60     done in the app, since any code that does
  61     <code class="python">from twisted.internet import reactor</code> will automatically
  62     install the default reactor if the code hasn't already installed one.</p>
  63
  64     <h2>Reactor Functionality<a name="auto1"/></h2>
  65
  66     <table border="1" cellpadding="7" cellspacing="0" title="Summary of reactor features">
  67     <tr><td colspan="1" rowspan="1"/><th colspan="1" rowspan="1">Status</th><th colspan="1" rowspan="1">TCP</th><th colspan="1" rowspan="1">SSL</th><th colspan="1" rowspan="1">UDP</th><th colspan="1" rowspan="1">Threading</th><th colspan="1" rowspan="1">Processes</th><th colspan="1" rowspan="1">Scheduling</th><th colspan="1" rowspan="1">Platforms</th></tr>
  68     <tr><th colspan="1" rowspan="1">select()</th><td colspan="1" rowspan="1">Stable</td><td colspan="1" rowspan="1">Y</td><td colspan="1" rowspan="1">Y</td><td colspan="1" rowspan="1">Y</td><td colspan="1" rowspan="1">Y</td><td colspan="1" rowspan="1">Y</td><td colspan="1" rowspan="1">Y</td><td colspan="1" rowspan="1">Unix, Win32</td></tr>
  69     <tr><th colspan="1" rowspan="1">poll</th><td colspan="1" rowspan="1">Stable</td><td colspan="1" rowspan="1">Y</td><td colspan="1" rowspan="1">Y</td><td colspan="1" rowspan="1">Y</td><td colspan="1" rowspan="1">Y</td><td colspan="1" rowspan="1">Y</td><td colspan="1" rowspan="1">Y</td><td colspan="1" rowspan="1">Unix</td></tr>
  70     <tr><th colspan="1" rowspan="1">WaitForMultipleObjects (WFMO) for Win32</th><td colspan="1" rowspan="1">Experimental</td><td colspan="1" rowspan="1">Y</td><td colspan="1" rowspan="1">Y</td><td colspan="1" rowspan="1">Y</td><td colspan="1" rowspan="1">Y</td><td colspan="1" rowspan="1">Y</td><td colspan="1" rowspan="1">Y</td><td colspan="1" rowspan="1">Win32</td></tr>
  71     <tr><th colspan="1" rowspan="1">Input/Output Completion Port (IOCP) for Win32</th><td colspan="1" rowspan="1">Experimental</td><td colspan="1" rowspan="1">Y</td><td colspan="1" rowspan="1">Y</td><td colspan="1" rowspan="1">Y</td><td colspan="1" rowspan="1">Y</td><td colspan="1" rowspan="1">Y</td><td colspan="1" rowspan="1">Y</td><td colspan="1" rowspan="1">Win32</td></tr>
  72     <tr><th colspan="1" rowspan="1">CoreFoundation</th><td colspan="1" rowspan="1">Unmaintained</td><td colspan="1" rowspan="1">Y</td><td colspan="1" rowspan="1">Y</td><td colspan="1" rowspan="1">Y</td><td colspan="1" rowspan="1">Y</td><td colspan="1" rowspan="1">Y</td><td colspan="1" rowspan="1">Y</td><td colspan="1" rowspan="1">Mac OS X</td></tr>
  73     <tr><th colspan="1" rowspan="1">epoll</th><td colspan="1" rowspan="1">Stable</td><td colspan="1" rowspan="1">Y</td><td colspan="1" rowspan="1">Y</td><td colspan="1" rowspan="1">Y</td><td colspan="1" rowspan="1">Y</td><td colspan="1" rowspan="1">Y</td><td colspan="1" rowspan="1">Y</td><td colspan="1" rowspan="1">Linux 2.6</td></tr>
  74     <tr><th colspan="1" rowspan="1">GTK+</th><td colspan="1" rowspan="1">Stable</td><td colspan="1" rowspan="1">Y</td><td colspan="1" rowspan="1">Y</td><td colspan="1" rowspan="1">Y</td><td colspan="1" rowspan="1">Y</td><td colspan="1" rowspan="1">Y</td><td colspan="1" rowspan="1">Y</td><td colspan="1" rowspan="1">Unix, Win32</td></tr>
  75     <tr><th colspan="1" rowspan="1">wx</th><td colspan="1" rowspan="1">Experimental</td><td colspan="1" rowspan="1">Y</td><td colspan="1" rowspan="1">Y</td><td colspan="1" rowspan="1">Y</td><td colspan="1" rowspan="1">Y</td><td colspan="1" rowspan="1">Y</td><td colspan="1" rowspan="1">Y</td><td colspan="1" rowspan="1">Unix, Win32</td></tr>
  76     <tr><th colspan="1" rowspan="1">kqueue</th><td colspan="1" rowspan="1">Experimental</td><td colspan="1" rowspan="1">Y</td><td colspan="1" rowspan="1">Y</td><td colspan="1" rowspan="1">Y</td><td colspan="1" rowspan="1">Y</td><td colspan="1" rowspan="1">Y</td><td colspan="1" rowspan="1">Y</td><td colspan="1" rowspan="1">FreeBSD</td></tr>
  77     </table>
  78
  79     <h2>General Purpose Reactors<a name="auto2"/></h2>
  80
  81     <h3>Select()-based Reactor<a name="auto3"/></h3><a name="select" shape="rect"/>
  82
  83     <p>The <code>select</code> reactor is the default on platforms that don't
  84     provide a better alternative that covers all use cases. If
  85     the <code>select</code> reactor is desired, it may be installed via:</p>
  86
  87 <pre class="python"><p class="py-linenumber">1
  88 2
  89 3
  90 4
  91 </p><span class="py-src-keyword">from</span> <span class="py-src-variable">twisted</span>.<span class="py-src-variable">internet</span> <span class="py-src-keyword">import</span> <span class="py-src-variable">selectreactor</span>
  92 <span class="py-src-variable">selectreactor</span>.<span class="py-src-variable">install</span>()
  93
  94 <span class="py-src-keyword">from</span> <span class="py-src-variable">twisted</span>.<span class="py-src-variable">internet</span> <span class="py-src-keyword">import</span> <span class="py-src-variable">reactor</span>
  95 </pre>
  96
  97     <h2>Platform-Specific Reactors<a name="auto4"/></h2>
  98
  99     <h3>Poll-based Reactor<a name="auto5"/></h3><a name="poll" shape="rect"/>
 100
 101     <p>The PollReactor will work on any platform that provides <code class="python">select.poll</code>.  With larger numbers of connected
 102     sockets, it may provide for better performance than the SelectReactor.</p>
 103
 104 <pre class="python"><p class="py-linenumber">1
 105 2
 106 3
 107 4
 108 </p><span class="py-src-keyword">from</span> <span class="py-src-variable">twisted</span>.<span class="py-src-variable">internet</span> <span class="py-src-keyword">import</span> <span class="py-src-variable">pollreactor</span>
 109 <span class="py-src-variable">pollreactor</span>.<span class="py-src-variable">install</span>()
 110
 111 <span class="py-src-keyword">from</span> <span class="py-src-variable">twisted</span>.<span class="py-src-variable">internet</span> <span class="py-src-keyword">import</span> <span class="py-src-variable">reactor</span>
 112 </pre>
 113
 114     <h3>KQueue<a name="auto6"/></h3><a name="kqueue" shape="rect"/>
 115
 116     <p>The KQueue Reactor allows Twisted to use FreeBSD's kqueue mechanism for
 117        event scheduling. See instructions in the <code class="API"><a href="http://twistedmatrix.com/documents/12.1.0/api/twisted.internet.kqreactor.html" title="twisted.internet.kqreactor">twisted.internet.kqreactor</a></code>'s
 118        docstring for installation notes.</p>
 119
 120 <pre class="python"><p class="py-linenumber">1
 121 2
 122 3
 123 4
 124 </p><span class="py-src-keyword">from</span> <span class="py-src-variable">twisted</span>.<span class="py-src-variable">internet</span> <span class="py-src-keyword">import</span> <span class="py-src-variable">kqreactor</span>
 125 <span class="py-src-variable">kqreactor</span>.<span class="py-src-variable">install</span>()
 126
 127 <span class="py-src-keyword">from</span> <span class="py-src-variable">twisted</span>.<span class="py-src-variable">internet</span> <span class="py-src-keyword">import</span> <span class="py-src-variable">reactor</span>
 128 </pre>
 129
 130
 131    <h3>WaitForMultipleObjects (WFMO) for Win32<a name="auto7"/></h3><a name="win32_wfmo" shape="rect"/>
 132
 133     <p>The Win32 reactor is not yet complete and has various limitations
 134     and issues that need to be addressed.  The reactor supports GUI integration
 135     with the win32gui module, so it can be used for native Win32 GUI applications.
 136     </p>
 137
 138 <pre class="python"><p class="py-linenumber">1
 139 2
 140 3
 141 4
 142 </p><span class="py-src-keyword">from</span> <span class="py-src-variable">twisted</span>.<span class="py-src-variable">internet</span> <span class="py-src-keyword">import</span> <span class="py-src-variable">win32eventreactor</span>
 143 <span class="py-src-variable">win32eventreactor</span>.<span class="py-src-variable">install</span>()
 144
 145 <span class="py-src-keyword">from</span> <span class="py-src-variable">twisted</span>.<span class="py-src-variable">internet</span> <span class="py-src-keyword">import</span> <span class="py-src-variable">reactor</span>
 146 </pre>
 147
 148    <h3>Input/Output Completion Port (IOCP) for Win32<a name="auto8"/></h3><a name="win32_iocp" shape="rect"/>
 149
 150     <p>
 151     Windows provides a fast, scalable event notification system known as IO
 152     Completion Ports, or IOCP for short.  Twisted includes a reactor based
 153     on IOCP which is nearly complete.
 154     </p>
 155
 156 <pre class="python"><p class="py-linenumber">1
 157 2
 158 3
 159 4
 160 </p><span class="py-src-keyword">from</span> <span class="py-src-variable">twisted</span>.<span class="py-src-variable">internet</span> <span class="py-src-keyword">import</span> <span class="py-src-variable">iocpreactor</span>
 161 <span class="py-src-variable">iocpreactor</span>.<span class="py-src-variable">install</span>()
 162
 163 <span class="py-src-keyword">from</span> <span class="py-src-variable">twisted</span>.<span class="py-src-variable">internet</span> <span class="py-src-keyword">import</span> <span class="py-src-variable">reactor</span>
 164 </pre>
 165
 166     <h3>Epoll-based Reactor<a name="auto9"/></h3><a name="epoll" shape="rect"/>
 167
 168     <p>The EPollReactor will work on any platform that provides
 169     <code class="python">epoll</code>, today only Linux 2.6 and over. The
 170     implementation of the epoll reactor currently uses the Level Triggered
 171     interface, which is basically like poll() but scales much better.</p>
 172
 173 <pre class="python"><p class="py-linenumber">1
 174 2
 175 3
 176 4
 177 </p><span class="py-src-keyword">from</span> <span class="py-src-variable">twisted</span>.<span class="py-src-variable">internet</span> <span class="py-src-keyword">import</span> <span class="py-src-variable">epollreactor</span>
 178 <span class="py-src-variable">epollreactor</span>.<span class="py-src-variable">install</span>()
 179
 180 <span class="py-src-keyword">from</span> <span class="py-src-variable">twisted</span>.<span class="py-src-variable">internet</span> <span class="py-src-keyword">import</span> <span class="py-src-variable">reactor</span>
 181 </pre>
 182
 183     <h2>GUI Integration Reactors<a name="auto10"/></h2>
 184
 185     <h3>GTK+<a name="auto11"/></h3><a name="gtk" shape="rect"/>
 186
 187     <p>Twisted integrates with <a href="http://www.pygtk.org/" shape="rect">PyGTK</a> version
 188     2.0 using the <code>gtk2reactor</code>. An example Twisted application that
 189     uses GTK+ can be found
 190     in <code class="py-filename">doc/core/examples/pbgtk2.py</code>.</p>
 191
 192     <p>GTK-2.0 split the event loop out of the GUI toolkit and into a separate
 193     module called <q>glib</q>. To run an application using the glib event loop,
 194     use the <code>glib2reactor</code>. This will be slightly faster
 195     than <code>gtk2reactor</code> (and does not require a working X display),
 196     but cannot be used to run GUI applications.</p>
 197
 198 <pre class="python"><p class="py-linenumber">1
 199 2
 200 3
 201 4
 202 </p><span class="py-src-keyword">from</span> <span class="py-src-variable">twisted</span>.<span class="py-src-variable">internet</span> <span class="py-src-keyword">import</span> <span class="py-src-variable">gtk2reactor</span> <span class="py-src-comment"># for gtk-2.0</span>
 203 <span class="py-src-variable">gtk2reactor</span>.<span class="py-src-variable">install</span>()
 204
 205 <span class="py-src-keyword">from</span> <span class="py-src-variable">twisted</span>.<span class="py-src-variable">internet</span> <span class="py-src-keyword">import</span> <span class="py-src-variable">reactor</span>
 206 </pre>
 207
 208 <pre class="python"><p class="py-linenumber">1
 209 2
 210 3
 211 4
 212 </p><span class="py-src-keyword">from</span> <span class="py-src-variable">twisted</span>.<span class="py-src-variable">internet</span> <span class="py-src-keyword">import</span> <span class="py-src-variable">glib2reactor</span> <span class="py-src-comment"># for non-GUI apps</span>
 213 <span class="py-src-variable">glib2reactor</span>.<span class="py-src-variable">install</span>()
 214
 215 <span class="py-src-keyword">from</span> <span class="py-src-variable">twisted</span>.<span class="py-src-variable">internet</span> <span class="py-src-keyword">import</span> <span class="py-src-variable">reactor</span>
 216 </pre>
 217
 218     <h3>GTK+ 3.0 and GObject Introspection<a name="auto12"/></h3><a name="gtk3" shape="rect"/>
 219
 220     <p>Twisted integrates with <a href="http://gtk.org" shape="rect">GTK+ 3</a> and GObject
 221     through <a href="http://live.gnome.org/PyGObject" shape="rect">PyGObject's</a>
 222     introspection using the <code>gtk3reactor</code>
 223     and <code>gireactor</code> reactors.</p>
 224
 225 <pre class="python"><p class="py-linenumber">1
 226 2
 227 3
 228 4
 229 </p><span class="py-src-keyword">from</span> <span class="py-src-variable">twisted</span>.<span class="py-src-variable">internet</span> <span class="py-src-keyword">import</span> <span class="py-src-variable">gtk3reactor</span>
 230 <span class="py-src-variable">gtk3reactor</span>.<span class="py-src-variable">install</span>()
 231
 232 <span class="py-src-keyword">from</span> <span class="py-src-variable">twisted</span>.<span class="py-src-variable">internet</span> <span class="py-src-keyword">import</span> <span class="py-src-variable">reactor</span>
 233 </pre>
 234
 235 <pre class="python"><p class="py-linenumber">1
 236 2
 237 3
 238 4
 239 </p><span class="py-src-keyword">from</span> <span class="py-src-variable">twisted</span>.<span class="py-src-variable">internet</span> <span class="py-src-keyword">import</span> <span class="py-src-variable">gireactor</span> <span class="py-src-comment"># for non-GUI apps</span>
 240 <span class="py-src-variable">gireactor</span>.<span class="py-src-variable">install</span>()
 241
 242 <span class="py-src-keyword">from</span> <span class="py-src-variable">twisted</span>.<span class="py-src-variable">internet</span> <span class="py-src-keyword">import</span> <span class="py-src-variable">reactor</span>
 243 </pre>
 244
 245     <p>GLib 3.0 introduces the concept of <code>GApplication</code>, a class
 246     that handles application uniqueness in a cross-platform way and provides
 247     its own main loop. Its counterpart <code>GtkApplication</code> also
 248     handles application lifetime with respect to open windows. Twisted
 249     supports registering these objects with the event loop, which should be
 250     done before running the reactor:</p>
 251
 252 <pre class="python"><p class="py-linenumber">1
 253 2
 254 3
 255 4
 256 5
 257 6
 258 7
 259 8
 260 9
 261 </p><span class="py-src-keyword">from</span> <span class="py-src-variable">twisted</span>.<span class="py-src-variable">internet</span> <span class="py-src-keyword">import</span> <span class="py-src-variable">gtk3reactor</span>
 262 <span class="py-src-variable">gtk3reactor</span>.<span class="py-src-variable">install</span>()
 263
 264 <span class="py-src-keyword">from</span> <span class="py-src-variable">gi</span>.<span class="py-src-variable">repository</span> <span class="py-src-keyword">import</span> <span class="py-src-variable">Gtk</span>
 265 <span class="py-src-variable">app</span> = <span class="py-src-variable">Gtk</span>.<span class="py-src-variable">Application</span>(...)
 266
 267 <span class="py-src-keyword">from</span> <span class="py-src-variable">twisted</span> <span class="py-src-keyword">import</span> <span class="py-src-variable">reactor</span>
 268 <span class="py-src-variable">reactor</span>.<span class="py-src-variable">registerGApplication</span>(<span class="py-src-variable">app</span>)
 269 <span class="py-src-variable">reactor</span>.<span class="py-src-variable">run</span>()
 270 </pre>
 271
 272     <h3>wxPython<a name="auto13"/></h3><a name="wxpython" shape="rect"/>
 273
 274     <p>Twisted currently supports two methods of integrating
 275     wxPython. Unfortunately, neither method will work on all wxPython
 276     platforms (such as GTK2 or Windows). It seems that the only
 277     portable way to integrate with wxPython is to run it in a separate
 278     thread. One of these methods may be sufficient if your wx app is
 279     limited to a single platform.</p>
 280
 281     <p>As with <a href="#tkinter" shape="rect">Tkinter</a>, the support for integrating
 282     Twisted with a <a href="http://www.wxpython.org" shape="rect">wxPython</a>
 283     application uses specialized support code rather than a simple reactor.</p>
 284
 285 <pre class="python"><p class="py-linenumber">1
 286 2
 287 3
 288 4
 289 5
 290 </p><span class="py-src-keyword">from</span> <span class="py-src-variable">wxPython</span>.<span class="py-src-variable">wx</span> <span class="py-src-keyword">import</span> *
 291 <span class="py-src-keyword">from</span> <span class="py-src-variable">twisted</span>.<span class="py-src-variable">internet</span> <span class="py-src-keyword">import</span> <span class="py-src-variable">wxsupport</span>, <span class="py-src-variable">reactor</span>
 292
 293 <span class="py-src-variable">myWxAppInstance</span> = <span class="py-src-variable">wxApp</span>(<span class="py-src-number">0</span>)
 294 <span class="py-src-variable">wxsupport</span>.<span class="py-src-variable">install</span>(<span class="py-src-variable">myWxAppInstance</span>)
 295 </pre>
 296
 297     <p>However, this has issues when running on Windows, so Twisted now
 298     comes with alternative wxPython support using a reactor. Using
 299     this method is probably better. Initialization is done in two
 300     stages. In the first, the reactor is installed:</p>
 301
 302 <pre class="python"><p class="py-linenumber">1
 303 2
 304 3
 305 4
 306 </p><span class="py-src-keyword">from</span> <span class="py-src-variable">twisted</span>.<span class="py-src-variable">internet</span> <span class="py-src-keyword">import</span> <span class="py-src-variable">wxreactor</span>
 307 <span class="py-src-variable">wxreactor</span>.<span class="py-src-variable">install</span>()
 308
 309 <span class="py-src-keyword">from</span> <span class="py-src-variable">twisted</span>.<span class="py-src-variable">internet</span> <span class="py-src-keyword">import</span> <span class="py-src-variable">reactor</span>
 310 </pre>
 311
 312     <p>Later, once a <code class="python">wxApp</code> instance has
 313     been created, but before <code class="python">reactor.run()</code>
 314     is called:</p>
 315
 316 <pre class="python"><p class="py-linenumber">1
 317 2
 318 3
 319 </p><span class="py-src-keyword">from</span> <span class="py-src-variable">twisted</span>.<span class="py-src-variable">internet</span> <span class="py-src-keyword">import</span> <span class="py-src-variable">reactor</span>
 320 <span class="py-src-variable">myWxAppInstance</span> = <span class="py-src-variable">wxApp</span>(<span class="py-src-number">0</span>)
 321 <span class="py-src-variable">reactor</span>.<span class="py-src-variable">registerWxApp</span>(<span class="py-src-variable">myWxAppInstance</span>)
 322 </pre>
 323
 324     <p>An example Twisted application that uses wxPython can be found
 325     in <code class="py-filename">doc/core/examples/wxdemo.py</code>.</p>
 326
 327     <h3>CoreFoundation<a name="auto14"/></h3><a name="cfreactor" shape="rect"/>
 328
 329     <p>Twisted integrates with <a href="http://pyobjc.sf.net/" shape="rect">PyObjC</a> version 1.0. Sample applications using Cocoa and Twisted
 330     are available in the examples directory under
 331     <code>doc/core/examples/threadedselect/Cocoa</code>.</p>
 332
 333 <pre class="python"><p class="py-linenumber">1
 334 2
 335 3
 336 4
 337 </p><span class="py-src-keyword">from</span> <span class="py-src-variable">twisted</span>.<span class="py-src-variable">internet</span> <span class="py-src-keyword">import</span> <span class="py-src-variable">cfreactor</span>
 338 <span class="py-src-variable">cfreactor</span>.<span class="py-src-variable">install</span>()
 339
 340 <span class="py-src-keyword">from</span> <span class="py-src-variable">twisted</span>.<span class="py-src-variable">internet</span> <span class="py-src-keyword">import</span> <span class="py-src-variable">reactor</span>
 341 </pre>
 342
 343     <h2>Non-Reactor GUI Integration<a name="auto15"/></h2>
 344
 345     <h3>Tkinter<a name="auto16"/></h3><a name="tkinter" shape="rect"/>
 346
 347     <p>The support for <a href="http://wiki.python.org/moin/TkInter" shape="rect">Tkinter</a> doesn't use a specialized reactor.  Instead, there is
 348     some specialized support code:</p>
 349
 350 <pre class="python"><p class="py-linenumber"> 1
 351  2
 352  3
 353  4
 354  5
 355  6
 356  7
 357  8
 358  9
 359 10
 360 11
 361 </p><span class="py-src-keyword">from</span> <span class="py-src-variable">Tkinter</span> <span class="py-src-keyword">import</span> *
 362 <span class="py-src-keyword">from</span> <span class="py-src-variable">twisted</span>.<span class="py-src-variable">internet</span> <span class="py-src-keyword">import</span> <span class="py-src-variable">tksupport</span>, <span class="py-src-variable">reactor</span>
 363
 364 <span class="py-src-variable">root</span> = <span class="py-src-variable">Tk</span>()
 365
 366 <span class="py-src-comment"># Install the Reactor support</span>
 367 <span class="py-src-variable">tksupport</span>.<span class="py-src-variable">install</span>(<span class="py-src-variable">root</span>)
 368
 369 <span class="py-src-comment"># at this point build Tk app as usual using the root object,</span>
 370 <span class="py-src-comment"># and start the program with &quot;reactor.run()&quot;, and stop it</span>
 371 <span class="py-src-comment"># with &quot;reactor.stop()&quot;.</span>
 372 </pre>
 373
 374     <h3>PyUI<a name="auto17"/></h3><a name="pyui" shape="rect"/>
 375
 376     <p>As with <a href="#tkinter" shape="rect">Tkinter</a>, the support for integrating
 377     Twisted with a <a href="http://pyui.sourceforge.net" shape="rect">PyUI</a>
 378     application uses specialized support code rather than a simple reactor.</p>
 379
 380 <pre class="python"><p class="py-linenumber">1
 381 2
 382 3
 383 </p><span class="py-src-keyword">from</span> <span class="py-src-variable">twisted</span>.<span class="py-src-variable">internet</span> <span class="py-src-keyword">import</span> <span class="py-src-variable">pyuisupport</span>, <span class="py-src-variable">reactor</span>
 384
 385 <span class="py-src-variable">pyuisupport</span>.<span class="py-src-variable">install</span>(<span class="py-src-variable">args</span>=(<span class="py-src-number">640</span>, <span class="py-src-number">480</span>), <span class="py-src-variable">kw</span>={<span class="py-src-string">'renderer'</span>: <span class="py-src-string">'gl'</span>})
 386 </pre>
 387
 388     <p>An example Twisted application that uses PyUI can be found in <code class="py-filename">doc/core/examples/pyuidemo.py</code>.</p>
 389
 390   </div>
 391
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