1 SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0+
4 * Denis Peter, MPL AG Switzerland
10 The USB support is implemented on the base of the UHCI Host
13 Currently supported are USB Hubs, USB Keyboards, USB Floppys, USB
14 flash sticks and USB network adaptors.
15 Tested with a TEAC Floppy TEAC FD-05PUB and Chicony KU-8933 Keyboard.
20 The USB (at least the USB UHCI) needs a frame list (4k), transfer
21 descripor and queue headers which are all located in the main memory.
22 The UHCI allocates every milisecond the PCI bus and reads the current
23 frame pointer. This may cause to crash the OS during boot. So the USB
24 _MUST_ be stopped during OS boot. This is the reason, why the USB is
25 NOT automatically started during start-up. If someone needs the USB
26 he has to start it and should therefore be aware that he had to stop
27 it before booting the OS.
29 For USB keyboards this can be done by a script which is automatically
30 started after the U-Boot is up and running. To boot an OS with a an
31 USB keyboard another script is necessary, which first disables the
32 USB and then executes the boot command. If the boot command fails,
33 the script can reenable the USB kbd.
37 - usb reset: (re)starts the USB. All USB devices will be
38 initialized and a device tree is build for them.
39 - usb tree: shows all USB devices in a tree like display
40 - usb info [dev]: shows all USB infos of the device dev, or of all
42 - usb stop [f]: stops the USB. If f==1 the USB will also stop if
43 an USB keyboard is assigned as stdin. The stdin
44 is then switched to serial input.
46 - usb scan: scans the USB for storage devices.The USB must be
47 running for this command (usb start)
48 - usb device [dev]: show or set current USB storage device
49 - usb part [dev]: print partition table of one or all USB storage
51 - usb read addr blk# cnt:
52 read `cnt' blocks starting at block `blk#'to
54 - usbboot addr dev:part:
59 CONFIG_CMD_USB enables basic USB support and the usb command
60 CONFIG_USB_UHCI defines the lowlevel part.A lowlevel part must be defined
61 if using CONFIG_CMD_USB
62 CONFIG_USB_KEYBOARD enables the USB Keyboard
63 CONFIG_USB_STORAGE enables the USB storage devices
64 CONFIG_USB_HOST_ETHER enables USB ethernet adapter support
70 If you have a supported USB Ethernet adapter you can use it in U-Boot
71 to obtain an IP address and load a kernel from a network server.
73 Note: USB Host Networking is not the same as making your board act as a USB
74 client. In that case your board is pretending to be an Ethernet adapter
75 and will appear as a network interface to an attached computer. In that
76 case the connection is via a USB cable with the computer acting as the host.
78 With USB Host Networking, your board is the USB host. It controls the
79 Ethernet adapter to which it is directly connected and the connection to
80 the outside world is your adapter's Ethernet cable. Your board becomes an
81 independent network device, able to connect and perform network operations
82 independently of your computer.
88 Currently supported devices are listed in the drivers according to
89 their vendor and product IDs. You can check your device by connecting it
90 to a Linux machine and typing 'lsusb'. The drivers are in
93 For example this lsusb output line shows a device with Vendor ID 0x0x95
94 and product ID 0x7720:
96 Bus 002 Device 010: ID 0b95:7720 ASIX Electronics Corp. AX88772
98 If you look at drivers/usb/eth/asix.c you will see this line within the
99 supported device list, so we know this adapter is supported.
101 { 0x0b95, 0x7720 }, /* Trendnet TU2-ET100 V3.0R */
103 If your adapter is not listed there is a still a chance that it will
104 work. Try looking up the manufacturer of the chip inside your adapter.
105 or take the adapter apart and look for chip markings. Then add a line
106 for your vendor/product ID into the table of the appropriate driver,
107 build U-Boot and see if it works. If not then there might be differences
108 between the chip in your adapter and the driver. You could try to get a
109 datasheet for your device and add support for it to U-Boot. This is not
110 particularly difficult - you only need to provide support for four basic
111 functions: init, halt, send and recv.
114 Enabling USB Host Networking
115 ----------------------------
117 The normal U-Boot commands are used with USB networking, but you must
118 start USB first. For example:
121 setenv bootfile /tftpboot/uImage
125 To enable USB Host Ethernet in U-Boot, your platform must of course
126 support USB with CONFIG_CMD_USB enabled and working. You will need to
127 add some config settings to your board config:
129 CONFIG_CMD_USB=y /* the 'usb' interactive command */
130 CONFIG_USB_HOST_ETHER=y /* Enable USB Ethernet adapters */
132 and one or more of the following for individual adapter hardware:
134 CONFIG_USB_ETHER_ASIX=y
135 CONFIG_USB_ETHER_ASIX88179=y
136 CONFIG_USB_ETHER_LAN75XX=y
137 CONFIG_USB_ETHER_LAN78XX=y
138 CONFIG_USB_ETHER_MCS7830=y
139 CONFIG_USB_ETHER_RTL8152=y
140 CONFIG_USB_ETHER_SMSC95XX=y
142 As with built-in networking, you will also want to enable some network
143 commands, for example:
149 and some bootp options, which tell your board to obtain its subnet,
150 gateway IP, host name and boot path from the bootp/dhcp server. These
151 settings should start you off:
153 #define CONFIG_BOOTP_SUBNETMASK
154 #define CONFIG_BOOTP_GATEWAY
155 #define CONFIG_BOOTP_HOSTNAME
156 #define CONFIG_BOOTP_BOOTPATH
158 You can also set the default IP address of your board and the server
159 as well as the default file to load when a 'bootp' command is issued.
160 However note that encoding these individual network settings into a
161 common exectuable is discouraged, as it leads to potential conflicts,
162 and all the parameters can either get stored in the board's external
163 environment, or get obtained from the bootp server if not set.
165 #define CONFIG_IPADDR 10.0.0.2 (replace with your value)
166 #define CONFIG_SERVERIP 10.0.0.1 (replace with your value)
167 #define CONFIG_BOOTFILE "uImage"
170 The 'usb start' command should identify the adapter something like this:
175 scanning bus for devices... 3 USB Device(s) found
176 scanning bus for storage devices... 0 Storage Device(s) found
177 scanning bus for ethernet devices... 1 Ethernet Device(s) found
181 You can see that it found an ethernet device and we can print out the
182 device name (asx0 in this case).
184 Then 'bootp' or 'dhcp' should use it to obtain an IP address from DHCP,
185 perhaps something like this:
188 Waiting for Ethernet connection... done.
191 DHCP client bound to address 172.22.73.81
193 TFTP from server 172.22.72.144; our IP address is 172.22.73.81
194 Filename '/tftpboot/uImage-sjg-seaboard-261347'.
195 Load address: 0x40c000
196 Loading: #################################################################
197 #################################################################
198 #################################################################
199 ################################################
201 Bytes transferred = 3557464 (364858 hex)
205 Another way of doing this is to issue a tftp command, which will cause the
206 bootp to happen automatically.
212 Most Ethernet dongles have a built-in MAC address which is unique in the
213 world. This is important so that devices on the network can be
214 distinguised from each other. MAC address conflicts are evil and
215 generally result in strange and eratic behaviour.
217 Some boards have USB Ethernet chips on-board, and these sometimes do not
218 have an assigned MAC address. In this case it is up to you to assign
219 one which is unique. You should obtain a valid MAC address from a range
220 assigned to you before you ship the product.
222 Built-in Ethernet adapters support setting the MAC address by means of
223 an ethaddr environment variable for each interface (ethaddr, eth1addr,
224 eth2addr). There is similar support on the USB network side, using the
225 names usbethaddr, usbeth1addr, etc. They are kept separate since we
226 don't want a USB device taking the MAC address of a built-in device or
229 So if your USB Ethernet chip doesn't have a MAC address available then
230 you must set usbethaddr to a suitable MAC address. At the time of
231 writing this functionality is only supported by the SMSC driver.