1 # SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0+
3 # Copyright (C) 2015 Google. Inc
4 # Written by Simon Glass <sjg@chromium.org>
9 A wide range of Rockchip SoCs are supported in mainline U-Boot
17 - Firefly RK3288 board or something else with a supported RockChip SoC
18 - Power connection to 5V using the supplied micro-USB power cable
19 - Separate USB serial cable attached to your computer and the Firefly
20 (connect to the micro-USB connector below the logo)
22 - openssl (sudo apt-get install openssl)
23 - Serial UART connection [4]
24 - Suitable ARM cross compiler, e.g.:
25 sudo apt-get install gcc-4.7-arm-linux-gnueabi
31 At present 12 RK3288 boards are supported:
33 - EVB RK3288 - use evb-rk3288 configuration
34 - Fennec RK3288 - use fennec-rk3288 configuration
35 - Firefly RK3288 - use firefly-rk3288 configuration
36 - Hisense Chromebook - use chromebook_jerry configuration
37 - Asus C100P Chromebook - use chromebook_minnie configuration
38 - Asus Chromebit - use chromebook_mickey configuration
39 - MiQi RK3288 - use miqi-rk3288 configuration
40 - phyCORE-RK3288 RDK - use phycore-rk3288 configuration
41 - PopMetal RK3288 - use popmetal-rk3288 configuration
42 - Radxa Rock 2 - use rock2 configuration
43 - Tinker RK3288 - use tinker-rk3288 configuration
44 - Vyasa RK3288 - use vyasa-rk3288 configuration
46 Two RK3036 boards are supported:
48 - EVB RK3036 - use evb-rk3036 configuration
49 - Kylin - use kylin_rk3036 configuration
51 Two RK3328 board are supported:
53 - EVB RK3328 - use evb-rk3328_defconfig
54 - Pine64 Rock64 board - use rock64-rk3328_defconfig
56 Size RK3399 boards are supported (aarch64):
58 - EBV RK3399 - use evb_rk3399 configuration
59 - Firefly RK3399 - use the firefly_rk3399 configuration
60 - Puma - use puma_rk3399 configuration
61 - Ficus - use ficus-rk3399 configuration
62 - Rock960 (Vamrs) - use rock960-rk3399 configuration
63 - Bob - use chromebook_bob configuration
65 Four RK3368 boards are supported:
67 - Sheep - use sheep-rk3368 configuration
68 - Lion - use lion-rk3368 configuration
69 - Geekbox - use geekbox configuration
70 - EVB PX5 - use evb-px5 configuration
72 One RK3128 board is supported:
74 - EVB RK3128 - use evb-rk3128 configuration
76 One RK3229 board is supported:
78 - EVB RK3229 - use evb-rk3229 configuration
80 Two RV1108 boards are supported:
82 - EVB RV1108 - use evb-rv1108 configuration
83 - Elgin R1 - use elgin-rv1108 configuration
85 One RV3188 baord is supported:
87 - Raxda Rock - use rock configuration
92 1. To build RK3288 board:
94 CROSS_COMPILE=arm-linux-gnueabi- make O=firefly firefly-rk3288_defconfig all
96 (or you can use another cross compiler if you prefer)
98 2. To build RK3399 board:
100 Option 1: Package the image with Rockchip miniloader:
104 => cd /path/to/u-boot
105 => make nanopi-neo4-rk3399_defconfig
110 => git clone https://github.com/rockchip-linux/rkbin.git
115 => ./tools/trust_merger RKTRUST/RK3399TRUST.ini
120 => ./tools/loaderimage --pack --uboot /path/to/u-boot/u-boot-dtb.bin uboot.img
122 (Get trust.img and uboot.img)
124 Option 2: Package the image with SPL:
126 - Export cross compiler path for aarch64
132 => git clone git://git.theobroma-systems.com/arm-trusted-firmware.git
133 => cd arm-trusted-firmware
134 => make CROSS_COMPILE=aarch64-linux-gnu- PLAT=rk3399 bl31
137 => export BL31=/path/to/arm-trusted-firmware/build/rk3399/release/bl31/bl31.bin
139 For rest of rk3399 boards.
141 => git clone https://github.com/ARM-software/arm-trusted-firmware.git
142 => cd arm-trusted-firmware
144 (export cross compiler path for Cortex-M0 MCU likely arm-none-eabi-)
146 => make CROSS_COMPILE=aarch64-linux-gnu- PLAT=rk3399
149 => export BL31=/path/to/arm-trusted-firmware/build/rk3399/release/bl31/bl31.elf
151 - Compile PMU M0 firmware
153 This is optional for most of the rk3399 boards and required only for Puma board.
155 => git clone git://git.theobroma-systems.com/rk3399-cortex-m0.git
156 => cd rk3399-cortex-m0
158 (export cross compiler path for Cortex-M0 PMU)
159 => make CROSS_COMPILE=arm-cortex_m0-eabi-
161 (export rk3399m0.bin)
162 => export PMUM0=/path/to/rk3399-cortex-m0/rk3399m0.bin
166 => cd /path/to/u-boot
167 => make orangepi-rk3399_defconfig
170 (Get spl/u-boot-spl-dtb.bin, u-boot.itb images and some boards would get
171 spl/u-boot-spl.bin since it doesn't enable CONFIG_SPL_OF_CONTROL
173 If TPL enabled on the target, get tpl/u-boot-tpl-dtb.bin or tpl/u-boot-tpl.bin
174 if CONFIG_TPL_OF_CONTROL not enabled)
176 Writing to the board with USB
177 =============================
179 For USB to work you must get your board into ROM boot mode, either by erasing
180 your MMC or (perhaps) holding the recovery button when you boot the board.
181 To erase your MMC, you can boot into Linux and type (as root)
183 dd if=/dev/zero of=/dev/mmcblk0 bs=1M
185 Connect your board's OTG port to your computer.
187 To create a suitable image and write it to the board:
189 ./firefly-rk3288/tools/mkimage -n rk3288 -T rkimage -d \
190 ./firefly-rk3288/spl/u-boot-spl-dtb.bin out && \
191 cat out | openssl rc4 -K 7c4e0304550509072d2c7b38170d1711 | rkflashtool l
193 If all goes well you should something like:
195 U-Boot SPL 2015.07-rc1-00383-ge345740-dirty (Jun 03 2015 - 10:06:49)
196 Card did not respond to voltage select!
197 spl: mmc init failed with error: -17
198 ### ERROR ### Please RESET the board ###
200 You will need to reset the board before each time you try. Yes, that's all
201 it does so far. If support for the Rockchip USB protocol or DFU were added
202 in SPL then we could in principle load U-Boot and boot to a prompt from USB
203 as several other platforms do. However it does not seem to be possible to
204 use the existing boot ROM code from SPL.
207 Booting from an SD card
208 =======================
210 To write an image that boots from an SD card (assumed to be /dev/sdc):
212 ./firefly-rk3288/tools/mkimage -n rk3288 -T rksd -d \
213 firefly-rk3288/spl/u-boot-spl-dtb.bin out && \
214 sudo dd if=out of=/dev/sdc seek=64 && \
215 sudo dd if=firefly-rk3288/u-boot-dtb.img of=/dev/sdc seek=16384
217 This puts the Rockchip header and SPL image first and then places the U-Boot
218 image at block 16384 (i.e. 8MB from the start of the SD card). This
219 corresponds with this setting in U-Boot:
221 #define CONFIG_SYS_MMCSD_RAW_MODE_U_BOOT_SECTOR 0x4000
223 Put this SD (or micro-SD) card into your board and reset it. You should see
226 U-Boot 2016.01-rc2-00309-ge5bad3b-dirty (Jan 02 2016 - 23:41:59 -0700)
228 Model: Radxa Rock 2 Square
230 MMC: dwmmc@ff0f0000: 0, dwmmc@ff0c0000: 1
231 *** Warning - bad CRC, using default environment
234 Out: vop@ff940000.vidconsole
236 Net: Net Initialization Skipped
238 Hit any key to stop autoboot: 0
241 The rockchip bootrom can load and boot an initial spl, then continue to
242 load a second-stage bootloader (ie. U-Boot) as soon as the control is returned
243 to the bootrom. Both the RK3288 and the RK3036 use this special boot sequence.
244 The configuration option enabling this is:
246 CONFIG_SPL_ROCKCHIP_BACK_TO_BROM=y
248 You can create the image via the following operations:
250 ./firefly-rk3288/tools/mkimage -n rk3288 -T rksd -d \
251 firefly-rk3288/spl/u-boot-spl-dtb.bin out && \
252 cat firefly-rk3288/u-boot-dtb.bin >> out && \
253 sudo dd if=out of=/dev/sdc seek=64
255 If you have an HDMI cable attached you should see a video console.
257 For evb_rk3036 board:
258 ./evb-rk3036/tools/mkimage -n rk3036 -T rksd -d evb-rk3036/spl/u-boot-spl.bin out && \
259 cat evb-rk3036/u-boot-dtb.bin >> out && \
260 sudo dd if=out of=/dev/sdc seek=64
262 Note: rk3036 SDMMC and debug uart use the same iomux, so if you boot from SD, the
263 debug uart must be disabled
266 Booting from an SD card on RK3288 with TPL
267 ==========================================
269 Since the size of SPL can't be exceeded 0x8000 bytes in RK3288, it is not possible add
270 new SPL features like Falcon mode or etc.
272 So introduce TPL so-that adding new features to SPL is possible because now TPL should
273 run minimal with code like DDR, clock etc and rest of new features in SPL.
275 As of now TPL is added on Vyasa-RK3288 board.
277 To write an image that boots from an SD card (assumed to be /dev/mmcblk0):
279 ./tools/mkimage -n rk3288 -T rksd -d ./tpl/u-boot-tpl.bin out &&
280 cat ./spl/u-boot-spl-dtb.bin >> out &&
281 sudo dd if=out of=/dev/mmcblk0 seek=64 &&
282 sudo dd if=u-boot-dtb.img of=/dev/mmcblk0 seek=16384
284 Booting from an SD card on RK3188
285 =================================
287 For rk3188 boards the general storage onto the card stays the same as
288 described above, but the image creation needs a bit more care.
290 The bootrom of rk3188 expects to find a small 1kb loader which returns
291 control to the bootrom, after which it will load the real loader, which
292 can then be up to 29kb in size and does the regular ddr init. This is
293 handled by a single image (built as the SPL stage) that tests whether
294 it is handled for the first or second time via code executed from the
297 Additionally the rk3188 requires everything the bootrom loads to be
298 rc4-encrypted. Except for the very first stage the bootrom always reads
299 and decodes 2kb pages, so files should be sized accordingly.
301 # copy tpl, pad to 1020 bytes and append spl
302 tools/mkimage -n rk3188 -T rksd -d spl/u-boot-spl.bin out
304 # truncate, encode and append u-boot.bin
305 truncate -s %2048 u-boot.bin
306 cat u-boot.bin | split -b 512 --filter='openssl rc4 -K 7C4E0304550509072D2C7B38170D1711' >> out
308 Booting from an SD card on Pine64 Rock64 (RK3328)
309 =================================================
311 For Rock64 rk3328 board the following three parts are required:
312 TPL, SPL, and the u-boot image tree blob. While u-boot-spl.bin and
313 u-boot.itb are to be compiled as usual, TPL is currently not
314 implemented in u-boot, so you need to pick one from rkbin:
318 => git clone https://github.com/rockchip-linux/rkbin.git
320 - Create TPL/SPL image
322 => tools/mkimage -n rk3328 -T rksd -d rkbin/bin/rk33/rk3328_ddr_333MHz_v1.16.bin idbloader.img
323 => cat spl/u-boot-spl.bin >> idbloader.img
325 - Write TPL/SPL image at 64 sector
327 => sudo dd if=idbloader.img of=/dev/mmcblk0 seek=64
329 - Write u-boot image tree blob at 16384 sector
331 => sudo dd if=u-boot.itb of=/dev/mmcblk0 seek=16384
333 Booting from an SD card on RK3399
334 =================================
336 To write an image that boots from an SD card (assumed to be /dev/sdc):
338 Option 1: Package the image with Rockchip miniloader:
340 - Create idbloader.img
342 => cd /path/to/u-boot
343 => ./tools/mkimage -n rk3399 -T rksd -d /path/to/rkbin/bin/rk33/rk3399_ddr_800MHz_v1.20.bin idbloader.img
344 => cat /path/to/rkbin/bin/rk33/rk3399_miniloader_v1.19.bin >> idbloader.img
346 - Write idbloader.img at 64 sector
348 => sudo dd if=idbloader.img of=/dev/sdc seek=64
350 - Write trust.img at 24576
352 => sudo dd if=trust.img of=/dev/sdc seek=24576
354 - Write uboot.img at 16384 sector
356 => sudo dd if=uboot.img of=/dev/sdc seek=16384
359 Put this SD (or micro-SD) card into your board and reset it. You should see
362 DDR Version 1.20 20190314
364 Channel 0: DDR3, 933MHz
365 Bus Width=32 Col=10 Bank=8 Row=15 CS=1 Die Bus-Width=16 Size=1024MB
367 ch 0 ddrconfig = 0x101, ddrsize = 0x20
368 pmugrf_os_reg[2] = 0x10006281, stride = 0x17
370 Boot1: 2019-03-14, version: 1.19
373 mmc: ERROR: SDHCI ERR:cmd:0x102,stat:0x18000
374 mmc: ERROR: Card did not respond to voltage select!
376 mmc: ERROR: SDHCI ERR:cmd:0x102,stat:0x18000
377 mmc: ERROR: Card did not respond to voltage select!
379 mmc: ERROR: SDHCI ERR:cmd:0x102,stat:0x18000
380 mmc: ERROR: Card did not respond to voltage select!
386 FwPartOffset=2000 , 0
387 StorageInit ok = 45266
389 SecureInit read PBA: 0x4
390 SecureInit read PBA: 0x404
391 SecureInit read PBA: 0x804
392 SecureInit read PBA: 0xc04
393 SecureInit read PBA: 0x1004
394 SecureInit read PBA: 0x1404
395 SecureInit read PBA: 0x1804
396 SecureInit read PBA: 0x1c04
397 SecureInit ret = 0, SecureMode = 0
398 atags_set_bootdev: ret:(0)
399 GPT 0x3380ec0 signature is wrong
401 GPT 0x3380ec0 signature is wrong
403 LoadTrust Addr:0x4000
405 Load uboot, ReadLba = 2000
406 hdr 0000000003380880 + 0x0:0x88,0x41,0x3e,0x97,0xe6,0x61,0x54,0x23,0xe9,0x5a,0xd1,0x2b,0xdc,0x2f,0xf9,0x35,
408 Load OK, addr=0x200000, size=0x9c9c0
410 NOTICE: BL31: v1.3(debug):370ab80
411 NOTICE: BL31: Built : 09:23:41, Mar 4 2019
412 NOTICE: BL31: Rockchip release version: v1.1
413 INFO: GICv3 with legacy support detected. ARM GICV3 driver initialized in EL3
414 INFO: Using opteed sec cpu_context!
415 INFO: boot cpu mask: 0
416 INFO: plat_rockchip_pmu_init(1181): pd status 3e
417 INFO: BL31: Initializing runtime services
418 INFO: BL31: Initializing BL32
419 INF [0x0] TEE-CORE:init_primary_helper:337: Initializing (1.1.0-195-g8f090d20 #6 Fri Dec 7 06:11:20 UTC 2018 aarch64)
421 INF [0x0] TEE-CORE:init_primary_helper:338: Release version: 1.2
423 INF [0x0] TEE-CORE:init_teecore:83: teecore inits done
424 INFO: BL31: Preparing for EL3 exit to normal world
425 INFO: Entry point address = 0x200000
429 U-Boot 2019.04-rc4-00136-gfd121f9641-dirty (Apr 16 2019 - 14:02:47 +0530)
431 Model: FriendlyARM NanoPi NEO4
433 MMC: dwmmc@fe310000: 2, dwmmc@fe320000: 1, sdhci@fe330000: 0
434 Loading Environment from MMC... *** Warning - bad CRC, using default environment
439 Model: FriendlyARM NanoPi NEO4
440 Net: eth0: ethernet@fe300000
441 Hit any key to stop autoboot: 0
444 Option 2: Package the image with SPL:
446 - Prefix rk3399 header to SPL image
448 => cd /path/to/u-boot
449 => ./tools/mkimage -n rk3399 -T rksd -d spl/u-boot-spl-dtb.bin out
451 - Write prefixed SPL at 64th sector
453 => sudo dd if=out of=/dev/sdc seek=64
455 - Write U-Boot proper at 16384 sector
457 => sudo dd if=u-boot.itb of=/dev/sdc seek=16384
460 Put this SD (or micro-SD) card into your board and reset it. You should see
463 U-Boot SPL board init
464 Trying to boot from MMC1
467 U-Boot 2019.01-00004-g14db5ee998 (Mar 11 2019 - 13:18:41 +0530)
469 Model: Orange Pi RK3399 Board
471 MMC: dwmmc@fe310000: 2, dwmmc@fe320000: 1, sdhci@fe330000: 0
472 Loading Environment from MMC... OK
476 Model: Orange Pi RK3399 Board
477 Net: eth0: ethernet@fe300000
478 Hit any key to stop autoboot: 0
481 Option 3: Package the image with TPL:
483 - Prefix rk3399 header to TPL image
485 => cd /path/to/u-boot
486 => ./tools/mkimage -n rk3399 -T rksd -d tpl/u-boot-tpl-dtb.bin out
488 - Concatinate tpl with spl
490 => cd /path/to/u-boot
491 => cat ./spl/u-boot-spl-dtb.bin >> out
493 - Write tpl+spl at 64th sector
495 => sudo dd if=out of=/dev/sdc seek=64
497 - Write U-Boot proper at 16384 sector
499 => sudo dd if=u-boot.itb of=/dev/sdc seek=16384
502 Put this SD (or micro-SD) card into your board and reset it. You should see
505 U-Boot TPL board init
506 Trying to boot from BOOTROM
507 Returning to boot ROM...
509 U-Boot SPL board init
510 Trying to boot from MMC1
513 U-Boot 2019.07-rc1-00241-g5b3244767a (May 08 2019 - 10:51:06 +0530)
515 Model: Orange Pi RK3399 Board
517 MMC: dwmmc@fe310000: 2, dwmmc@fe320000: 1, sdhci@fe330000: 0
518 Loading Environment from MMC... OK
522 Model: Orange Pi RK3399 Board
523 Net: eth0: ethernet@fe300000
524 Hit any key to stop autoboot: 0
527 Using fastboot on rk3288
528 ========================
529 - Write GPT partition layout to mmc device which fastboot want to use it to
532 => gpt write mmc 1 $partitions
534 - Invoke fastboot command to prepare
538 - Start fastboot request on PC
540 fastboot -i 0x2207 flash loader evb-rk3288/spl/u-boot-spl-dtb.bin
542 You should see something like:
545 WARNING: unknown variable: partition-type:loader
546 Starting download of 357796 bytes
548 downloading of 357796 bytes finished
550 ........ wrote 357888 bytes to 'loader'
555 To write an image that boots from SPI flash (e.g. for the Haier Chromebook or
558 ./chromebook_jerry/tools/mkimage -n rk3288 -T rkspi \
559 -d chromebook_jerry/spl/u-boot-spl-dtb.bin spl.bin && \
560 dd if=spl.bin of=spl-out.bin bs=128K conv=sync && \
561 cat spl-out.bin chromebook_jerry/u-boot-dtb.img >out.bin && \
562 dd if=out.bin of=out.bin.pad bs=4M conv=sync
564 This converts the SPL image to the required SPI format by adding the Rockchip
565 header and skipping every second 2KB block. Then the U-Boot image is written at
566 offset 128KB and the whole image is padded to 4MB which is the SPI flash size.
567 The position of U-Boot is controlled with this setting in U-Boot:
569 #define CONFIG_SYS_SPI_U_BOOT_OFFS (128 << 10)
571 If you have a Dediprog em100pro connected then you can write the image with:
573 sudo em100 -s -c GD25LQ32 -d out.bin.pad -r
575 When booting you should see something like:
577 U-Boot SPL 2015.07-rc2-00215-g9a58220-dirty (Jun 23 2015 - 12:11:32)
580 U-Boot 2015.07-rc2-00215-g9a58220-dirty (Jun 23 2015 - 12:11:32 -0600)
585 Using default environment
595 Immediate priorities are:
599 - Run CPU at full speed (code exists but we only see ~60 DMIPS maximum)
601 - Boot U-Boot proper over USB OTG (at present only SPL works)
607 There are plenty of patches in the links below to help with this work.
609 [1] https://github.com/rkchrome/uboot.git
610 [2] https://github.com/linux-rockchip/u-boot-rockchip.git branch u-boot-rk3288
611 [3] https://github.com/linux-rockchip/rkflashtool.git
612 [4] http://wiki.t-firefly.com/index.php/Firefly-RK3288/Serial_debug/en
617 rkimage.c produces an SPL image suitable for sending directly to the boot ROM
618 over USB OTG. This is a very simple format - just the string RK32 (as 4 bytes)
619 followed by u-boot-spl-dtb.bin.
621 The boot ROM loads image to 0xff704000 which is in the internal SRAM. The SRAM
622 starts at 0xff700000 and extends to 0xff718000 where we put the stack.
627 rksd.c produces an image consisting of 32KB of empty space, a header and
628 u-boot-spl-dtb.bin. The header is defined by 'struct header0_info' although
629 most of the fields are unused by U-Boot. We just need to specify the
630 signature, a flag and the block offset and size of the SPL image.
632 The header occupies a single block but we pad it out to 4 blocks. The header
633 is encoding using RC4 with the key 7c4e0304550509072d2c7b38170d1711. The SPL
634 image can be encoded too but we don't do that.
636 The maximum size of u-boot-spl-dtb.bin which the boot ROM will read is 32KB,
637 or 0x40 blocks. This is a severe and annoying limitation. There may be a way
638 around this limitation, since there is plenty of SRAM, but at present the
639 board refuses to boot if this limit is exceeded.
641 The image produced is padded up to a block boundary (512 bytes). It should be
642 written to the start of an SD card using dd.
644 Since this image is set to load U-Boot from the SD card at block offset,
645 CONFIG_SYS_MMCSD_RAW_MODE_U_BOOT_SECTOR, dd should be used to write
646 u-boot-dtb.img to the SD card at that offset. See above for instructions.
651 rkspi.c produces an image consisting of a header and u-boot-spl-dtb.bin. The
652 resulting image is then spread out so that only the first 2KB of each 4KB
653 sector is used. The header is the same as with rksd and the maximum size is
654 also 32KB (before spreading). The image should be written to the start of
657 See above for instructions on how to write a SPI image.
662 You can use this script to create #defines for SoC register access. See the
666 Device tree and driver model
667 ----------------------------
669 Where possible driver model is used to provide a structure to the
670 functionality. Device tree is used for configuration. However these have an
671 overhead and in SPL with a 32KB size limit some shortcuts have been taken.
672 In general all Rockchip drivers should use these features, with SPL-specific
673 modifications where required.
676 ----------------------------
678 Rockchip use a unified GPT partition layout in open source support.
679 With this GPT partition layout, uboot can be compatilbe with other components,
680 like miniloader, trusted-os, arm-trust-firmware.
682 There are some documents about partitions in the links below.
683 http://rockchip.wikidot.com/partitions
686 Jagan Teki <jagan@amarulasolutions.com>
688 Simon Glass <sjg@chromium.org>