2 # Copyright (C) 2015 Google. Inc
3 # Written by Simon Glass <sjg@chromium.org>
5 # SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0+
11 There are several repositories available with versions of U-Boot that support
12 many Rockchip devices [1] [2].
14 The current mainline support is experimental only and is not useful for
15 anything. It should provide a base on which to build.
17 So far only support for the RK3288 and RK3036 is provided.
25 - Firefly RK3288 board or something else with a supported RockChip SoC
26 - Power connection to 5V using the supplied micro-USB power cable
27 - Separate USB serial cable attached to your computer and the Firefly
28 (connect to the micro-USB connector below the logo)
30 - openssl (sudo apt-get install openssl)
31 - Serial UART connection [4]
32 - Suitable ARM cross compiler, e.g.:
33 sudo apt-get install gcc-4.7-arm-linux-gnueabi
39 At present nine RK3288 boards are supported:
41 - EVB RK3288 - use evb-rk3288 configuration
42 - Fennec RK3288 - use fennec-rk3288 configuration
43 - Firefly RK3288 - use firefly-rk3288 configuration
44 - Hisense Chromebook - use chromebook_jerry configuration
45 - MiQi RK3288 - use miqi-rk3288 configuration
46 - phyCORE-RK3288 RDK - use phycore-rk3288 configuration
47 - PopMetal RK3288 - use popmetal-rk3288 configuration
48 - Radxa Rock 2 - use rock2 configuration
49 - Tinker RK3288 - use tinker-rk3288 configuration
51 Two RK3036 board are supported:
53 - EVB RK3036 - use evb-rk3036 configuration
54 - Kylin - use kylin_rk3036 configuration
58 CROSS_COMPILE=arm-linux-gnueabi- make O=firefly firefly-rk3288_defconfig all
60 (or you can use another cross compiler if you prefer)
63 Writing to the board with USB
64 =============================
66 For USB to work you must get your board into ROM boot mode, either by erasing
67 your MMC or (perhaps) holding the recovery button when you boot the board.
68 To erase your MMC, you can boot into Linux and type (as root)
70 dd if=/dev/zero of=/dev/mmcblk0 bs=1M
72 Connect your board's OTG port to your computer.
74 To create a suitable image and write it to the board:
76 ./firefly-rk3288/tools/mkimage -n rk3288 -T rkimage -d \
77 ./firefly-rk3288/spl/u-boot-spl-dtb.bin out && \
78 cat out | openssl rc4 -K 7c4e0304550509072d2c7b38170d1711 | rkflashtool l
80 If all goes well you should something like:
82 U-Boot SPL 2015.07-rc1-00383-ge345740-dirty (Jun 03 2015 - 10:06:49)
83 Card did not respond to voltage select!
84 spl: mmc init failed with error: -17
85 ### ERROR ### Please RESET the board ###
87 You will need to reset the board before each time you try. Yes, that's all
88 it does so far. If support for the Rockchip USB protocol or DFU were added
89 in SPL then we could in principle load U-Boot and boot to a prompt from USB
90 as several other platforms do. However it does not seem to be possible to
91 use the existing boot ROM code from SPL.
94 Booting from an SD card
95 =======================
97 To write an image that boots from an SD card (assumed to be /dev/sdc):
99 ./firefly-rk3288/tools/mkimage -n rk3288 -T rksd -d \
100 firefly-rk3288/spl/u-boot-spl-dtb.bin out && \
101 sudo dd if=out of=/dev/sdc seek=64 && \
102 sudo dd if=firefly-rk3288/u-boot-dtb.img of=/dev/sdc seek=16384
104 This puts the Rockchip header and SPL image first and then places the U-Boot
105 image at block 16384 (i.e. 8MB from the start of the SD card). This
106 corresponds with this setting in U-Boot:
108 #define CONFIG_SYS_MMCSD_RAW_MODE_U_BOOT_SECTOR 0x4000
110 Put this SD (or micro-SD) card into your board and reset it. You should see
113 U-Boot 2016.01-rc2-00309-ge5bad3b-dirty (Jan 02 2016 - 23:41:59 -0700)
115 Model: Radxa Rock 2 Square
117 MMC: dwmmc@ff0f0000: 0, dwmmc@ff0c0000: 1
118 *** Warning - bad CRC, using default environment
121 Out: vop@ff940000.vidconsole
123 Net: Net Initialization Skipped
125 Hit any key to stop autoboot: 0
128 The rockchip bootrom can load and boot an initial spl, then continue to
129 load a second-level bootloader(ie. U-BOOT) as soon as it returns to bootrom.
130 Therefore RK3288 has another loading sequence like RK3036. The option of
131 U-Boot is controlled with this setting in U-Boot:
133 #define CONFIG_SPL_ROCKCHIP_BACK_TO_BROM
135 You can create the image via the following operations:
137 ./firefly-rk3288/tools/mkimage -n rk3288 -T rksd -d \
138 firefly-rk3288/spl/u-boot-spl-dtb.bin out && \
139 cat firefly-rk3288/u-boot-dtb.bin >> out && \
140 sudo dd if=out of=/dev/sdc seek=64
142 If you have an HDMI cable attached you should see a video console.
144 For evb_rk3036 board:
145 ./evb-rk3036/tools/mkimage -n rk3036 -T rksd -d evb-rk3036/spl/u-boot-spl.bin out && \
146 cat evb-rk3036/u-boot-dtb.bin >> out && \
147 sudo dd if=out of=/dev/sdc seek=64
149 Note: rk3036 SDMMC and debug uart use the same iomux, so if you boot from SD, the
150 debug uart must be disabled
153 Booting from an SD card on RK3288 with TPL
154 ==========================================
156 Since the size of SPL can't be exceeded 0x8000 bytes in RK3288, it is not possible add
157 new SPL features like Falcon mode or etc.
159 So introduce TPL so-that adding new features to SPL is possible because now TPL should
160 run minimal with code like DDR, clock etc and rest of new features in SPL.
162 As of now TPL is added on Vyasa-RK3288 board.
164 To write an image that boots from an SD card (assumed to be /dev/mmcblk0):
166 ./tools/mkimage -n rk3288 -T rksd -d ./tpl/u-boot-tpl.bin out &&
167 cat ./spl/u-boot-spl-dtb.bin >> out &&
168 sudo dd if=out of=/dev/mmcblk0 seek=64 &&
169 sudo dd if=u-boot-dtb.img of=/dev/mmcblk0 seek=16384
171 Booting from an SD card on RK3188
172 =================================
174 For rk3188 boards the general storage onto the card stays the same as
175 described above, but the image creation needs a bit more care.
177 The bootrom of rk3188 expects to find a small 1kb loader which returns
178 control to the bootrom, after which it will load the real loader, which
179 can then be up to 29kb in size and does the regular ddr init. This is
180 handled by a single image (built as the SPL stage) that tests whether
181 it is handled for the first or second time via code executed from the
184 Additionally the rk3188 requires everything the bootrom loads to be
185 rc4-encrypted. Except for the very first stage the bootrom always reads
186 and decodes 2kb pages, so files should be sized accordingly.
188 # copy tpl, pad to 1020 bytes and append spl
189 tools/mkimage -n rk3188 -T rksd -d spl/u-boot-spl.bin out
191 # truncate, encode and append u-boot.bin
192 truncate -s %2048 u-boot.bin
193 cat u-boot.bin | split -b 512 --filter='openssl rc4 -K 7C4E0304550509072D2C7B38170D1711' >> out
196 Using fastboot on rk3288
197 ========================
198 - Write GPT partition layout to mmc device which fastboot want to use it to
201 => gpt write mmc 1 $partitions
203 - Invoke fastboot command to prepare
207 - Start fastboot request on PC
209 fastboot -i 0x2207 flash loader evb-rk3288/spl/u-boot-spl-dtb.bin
211 You should see something like:
214 WARNING: unknown variable: partition-type:loader
215 Starting download of 357796 bytes
217 downloading of 357796 bytes finished
219 ........ wrote 357888 bytes to 'loader'
224 To write an image that boots from SPI flash (e.g. for the Haier Chromebook):
226 ./chromebook_jerry/tools/mkimage -n rk3288 -T rkspi \
227 -d chromebook_jerry/spl/u-boot-spl-dtb.bin spl.bin && \
228 dd if=spl.bin of=spl-out.bin bs=128K conv=sync && \
229 cat spl-out.bin chromebook_jerry/u-boot-dtb.img >out.bin && \
230 dd if=out.bin of=out.bin.pad bs=4M conv=sync
232 This converts the SPL image to the required SPI format by adding the Rockchip
233 header and skipping every 2KB block. Then the U-Boot image is written at
234 offset 128KB and the whole image is padded to 4MB which is the SPI flash size.
235 The position of U-Boot is controlled with this setting in U-Boot:
237 #define CONFIG_SYS_SPI_U_BOOT_OFFS (128 << 10)
239 If you have a Dediprog em100pro connected then you can write the image with:
241 sudo em100 -s -c GD25LQ32 -d out.bin.pad -r
243 When booting you should see something like:
245 U-Boot SPL 2015.07-rc2-00215-g9a58220-dirty (Jun 23 2015 - 12:11:32)
248 U-Boot 2015.07-rc2-00215-g9a58220-dirty (Jun 23 2015 - 12:11:32 -0600)
253 Using default environment
263 Immediate priorities are:
267 - Run CPU at full speed (code exists but we only see ~60 DMIPS maximum)
269 - Support for other Rockchip parts
270 - Boot U-Boot proper over USB OTG (at present only SPL works)
276 There are plenty of patches in the links below to help with this work.
278 [1] https://github.com/rkchrome/uboot.git
279 [2] https://github.com/linux-rockchip/u-boot-rockchip.git branch u-boot-rk3288
280 [3] https://github.com/linux-rockchip/rkflashtool.git
281 [4] http://wiki.t-firefly.com/index.php/Firefly-RK3288/Serial_debug/en
286 rkimage.c produces an SPL image suitable for sending directly to the boot ROM
287 over USB OTG. This is a very simple format - just the string RK32 (as 4 bytes)
288 followed by u-boot-spl-dtb.bin.
290 The boot ROM loads image to 0xff704000 which is in the internal SRAM. The SRAM
291 starts at 0xff700000 and extends to 0xff718000 where we put the stack.
296 rksd.c produces an image consisting of 32KB of empty space, a header and
297 u-boot-spl-dtb.bin. The header is defined by 'struct header0_info' although
298 most of the fields are unused by U-Boot. We just need to specify the
299 signature, a flag and the block offset and size of the SPL image.
301 The header occupies a single block but we pad it out to 4 blocks. The header
302 is encoding using RC4 with the key 7c4e0304550509072d2c7b38170d1711. The SPL
303 image can be encoded too but we don't do that.
305 The maximum size of u-boot-spl-dtb.bin which the boot ROM will read is 32KB,
306 or 0x40 blocks. This is a severe and annoying limitation. There may be a way
307 around this limitation, since there is plenty of SRAM, but at present the
308 board refuses to boot if this limit is exceeded.
310 The image produced is padded up to a block boundary (512 bytes). It should be
311 written to the start of an SD card using dd.
313 Since this image is set to load U-Boot from the SD card at block offset,
314 CONFIG_SYS_MMCSD_RAW_MODE_U_BOOT_SECTOR, dd should be used to write
315 u-boot-dtb.img to the SD card at that offset. See above for instructions.
320 rkspi.c produces an image consisting of a header and u-boot-spl-dtb.bin. The
321 resulting image is then spread out so that only the first 2KB of each 4KB
322 sector is used. The header is the same as with rksd and the maximum size is
323 also 32KB (before spreading). The image should be written to the start of
326 See above for instructions on how to write a SPI image.
331 You can use this script to create #defines for SoC register access. See the
335 Device tree and driver model
336 ----------------------------
338 Where possible driver model is used to provide a structure to the
339 functionality. Device tree is used for configuration. However these have an
340 overhead and in SPL with a 32KB size limit some shortcuts have been taken.
341 In general all Rockchip drivers should use these features, with SPL-specific
342 modifications where required.
345 ----------------------------
347 Rockchip use a unified GPT partition layout in open source support.
348 With this GPT partition layout, uboot can be compatilbe with other components,
349 like miniloader, trusted-os, arm-trust-firmware.
351 There are some documents about partitions in the links below.
352 http://rockchip.wikidot.com/partitions
355 Simon Glass <sjg@chromium.org>