1 # SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0+
3 # Copyright (C) 2015 Google. Inc
4 # Written by Simon Glass <sjg@chromium.org>
9 There are several repositories available with versions of U-Boot that support
10 many Rockchip devices [1] [2].
12 The current mainline support is experimental only and is not useful for
13 anything. It should provide a base on which to build.
15 So far only support for the RK3288 and RK3036 is provided.
23 - Firefly RK3288 board or something else with a supported RockChip SoC
24 - Power connection to 5V using the supplied micro-USB power cable
25 - Separate USB serial cable attached to your computer and the Firefly
26 (connect to the micro-USB connector below the logo)
28 - openssl (sudo apt-get install openssl)
29 - Serial UART connection [4]
30 - Suitable ARM cross compiler, e.g.:
31 sudo apt-get install gcc-4.7-arm-linux-gnueabi
37 At present nine RK3288 boards are supported:
39 - EVB RK3288 - use evb-rk3288 configuration
40 - Fennec RK3288 - use fennec-rk3288 configuration
41 - Firefly RK3288 - use firefly-rk3288 configuration
42 - Hisense Chromebook - use chromebook_jerry configuration
43 - MiQi RK3288 - use miqi-rk3288 configuration
44 - phyCORE-RK3288 RDK - use phycore-rk3288 configuration
45 - PopMetal RK3288 - use popmetal-rk3288 configuration
46 - Radxa Rock 2 - use rock2 configuration
47 - Tinker RK3288 - use tinker-rk3288 configuration
49 Two RK3036 board are supported:
51 - EVB RK3036 - use evb-rk3036 configuration
52 - Kylin - use kylin_rk3036 configuration
56 CROSS_COMPILE=arm-linux-gnueabi- make O=firefly firefly-rk3288_defconfig all
58 (or you can use another cross compiler if you prefer)
61 Writing to the board with USB
62 =============================
64 For USB to work you must get your board into ROM boot mode, either by erasing
65 your MMC or (perhaps) holding the recovery button when you boot the board.
66 To erase your MMC, you can boot into Linux and type (as root)
68 dd if=/dev/zero of=/dev/mmcblk0 bs=1M
70 Connect your board's OTG port to your computer.
72 To create a suitable image and write it to the board:
74 ./firefly-rk3288/tools/mkimage -n rk3288 -T rkimage -d \
75 ./firefly-rk3288/spl/u-boot-spl-dtb.bin out && \
76 cat out | openssl rc4 -K 7c4e0304550509072d2c7b38170d1711 | rkflashtool l
78 If all goes well you should something like:
80 U-Boot SPL 2015.07-rc1-00383-ge345740-dirty (Jun 03 2015 - 10:06:49)
81 Card did not respond to voltage select!
82 spl: mmc init failed with error: -17
83 ### ERROR ### Please RESET the board ###
85 You will need to reset the board before each time you try. Yes, that's all
86 it does so far. If support for the Rockchip USB protocol or DFU were added
87 in SPL then we could in principle load U-Boot and boot to a prompt from USB
88 as several other platforms do. However it does not seem to be possible to
89 use the existing boot ROM code from SPL.
92 Booting from an SD card
93 =======================
95 To write an image that boots from an SD card (assumed to be /dev/sdc):
97 ./firefly-rk3288/tools/mkimage -n rk3288 -T rksd -d \
98 firefly-rk3288/spl/u-boot-spl-dtb.bin out && \
99 sudo dd if=out of=/dev/sdc seek=64 && \
100 sudo dd if=firefly-rk3288/u-boot-dtb.img of=/dev/sdc seek=16384
102 This puts the Rockchip header and SPL image first and then places the U-Boot
103 image at block 16384 (i.e. 8MB from the start of the SD card). This
104 corresponds with this setting in U-Boot:
106 #define CONFIG_SYS_MMCSD_RAW_MODE_U_BOOT_SECTOR 0x4000
108 Put this SD (or micro-SD) card into your board and reset it. You should see
111 U-Boot 2016.01-rc2-00309-ge5bad3b-dirty (Jan 02 2016 - 23:41:59 -0700)
113 Model: Radxa Rock 2 Square
115 MMC: dwmmc@ff0f0000: 0, dwmmc@ff0c0000: 1
116 *** Warning - bad CRC, using default environment
119 Out: vop@ff940000.vidconsole
121 Net: Net Initialization Skipped
123 Hit any key to stop autoboot: 0
126 The rockchip bootrom can load and boot an initial spl, then continue to
127 load a second-stage bootloader (ie. U-Boot) as soon as the control is returned
128 to the bootrom. Both the RK3288 and the RK3036 use this special boot sequence.
129 The configuration option enabling this is:
131 CONFIG_SPL_ROCKCHIP_BACK_TO_BROM=y
133 You can create the image via the following operations:
135 ./firefly-rk3288/tools/mkimage -n rk3288 -T rksd -d \
136 firefly-rk3288/spl/u-boot-spl-dtb.bin out && \
137 cat firefly-rk3288/u-boot-dtb.bin >> out && \
138 sudo dd if=out of=/dev/sdc seek=64
140 If you have an HDMI cable attached you should see a video console.
142 For evb_rk3036 board:
143 ./evb-rk3036/tools/mkimage -n rk3036 -T rksd -d evb-rk3036/spl/u-boot-spl.bin out && \
144 cat evb-rk3036/u-boot-dtb.bin >> out && \
145 sudo dd if=out of=/dev/sdc seek=64
147 Note: rk3036 SDMMC and debug uart use the same iomux, so if you boot from SD, the
148 debug uart must be disabled
151 Booting from an SD card on RK3288 with TPL
152 ==========================================
154 Since the size of SPL can't be exceeded 0x8000 bytes in RK3288, it is not possible add
155 new SPL features like Falcon mode or etc.
157 So introduce TPL so-that adding new features to SPL is possible because now TPL should
158 run minimal with code like DDR, clock etc and rest of new features in SPL.
160 As of now TPL is added on Vyasa-RK3288 board.
162 To write an image that boots from an SD card (assumed to be /dev/mmcblk0):
164 ./tools/mkimage -n rk3288 -T rksd -d ./tpl/u-boot-tpl.bin out &&
165 cat ./spl/u-boot-spl-dtb.bin >> out &&
166 sudo dd if=out of=/dev/mmcblk0 seek=64 &&
167 sudo dd if=u-boot-dtb.img of=/dev/mmcblk0 seek=16384
169 Booting from an SD card on RK3188
170 =================================
172 For rk3188 boards the general storage onto the card stays the same as
173 described above, but the image creation needs a bit more care.
175 The bootrom of rk3188 expects to find a small 1kb loader which returns
176 control to the bootrom, after which it will load the real loader, which
177 can then be up to 29kb in size and does the regular ddr init. This is
178 handled by a single image (built as the SPL stage) that tests whether
179 it is handled for the first or second time via code executed from the
182 Additionally the rk3188 requires everything the bootrom loads to be
183 rc4-encrypted. Except for the very first stage the bootrom always reads
184 and decodes 2kb pages, so files should be sized accordingly.
186 # copy tpl, pad to 1020 bytes and append spl
187 tools/mkimage -n rk3188 -T rksd -d spl/u-boot-spl.bin out
189 # truncate, encode and append u-boot.bin
190 truncate -s %2048 u-boot.bin
191 cat u-boot.bin | split -b 512 --filter='openssl rc4 -K 7C4E0304550509072D2C7B38170D1711' >> out
194 Using fastboot on rk3288
195 ========================
196 - Write GPT partition layout to mmc device which fastboot want to use it to
199 => gpt write mmc 1 $partitions
201 - Invoke fastboot command to prepare
205 - Start fastboot request on PC
207 fastboot -i 0x2207 flash loader evb-rk3288/spl/u-boot-spl-dtb.bin
209 You should see something like:
212 WARNING: unknown variable: partition-type:loader
213 Starting download of 357796 bytes
215 downloading of 357796 bytes finished
217 ........ wrote 357888 bytes to 'loader'
222 To write an image that boots from SPI flash (e.g. for the Haier Chromebook):
224 ./chromebook_jerry/tools/mkimage -n rk3288 -T rkspi \
225 -d chromebook_jerry/spl/u-boot-spl-dtb.bin spl.bin && \
226 dd if=spl.bin of=spl-out.bin bs=128K conv=sync && \
227 cat spl-out.bin chromebook_jerry/u-boot-dtb.img >out.bin && \
228 dd if=out.bin of=out.bin.pad bs=4M conv=sync
230 This converts the SPL image to the required SPI format by adding the Rockchip
231 header and skipping every 2KB block. Then the U-Boot image is written at
232 offset 128KB and the whole image is padded to 4MB which is the SPI flash size.
233 The position of U-Boot is controlled with this setting in U-Boot:
235 #define CONFIG_SYS_SPI_U_BOOT_OFFS (128 << 10)
237 If you have a Dediprog em100pro connected then you can write the image with:
239 sudo em100 -s -c GD25LQ32 -d out.bin.pad -r
241 When booting you should see something like:
243 U-Boot SPL 2015.07-rc2-00215-g9a58220-dirty (Jun 23 2015 - 12:11:32)
246 U-Boot 2015.07-rc2-00215-g9a58220-dirty (Jun 23 2015 - 12:11:32 -0600)
251 Using default environment
261 Immediate priorities are:
265 - Run CPU at full speed (code exists but we only see ~60 DMIPS maximum)
267 - Support for other Rockchip parts
268 - Boot U-Boot proper over USB OTG (at present only SPL works)
274 There are plenty of patches in the links below to help with this work.
276 [1] https://github.com/rkchrome/uboot.git
277 [2] https://github.com/linux-rockchip/u-boot-rockchip.git branch u-boot-rk3288
278 [3] https://github.com/linux-rockchip/rkflashtool.git
279 [4] http://wiki.t-firefly.com/index.php/Firefly-RK3288/Serial_debug/en
284 rkimage.c produces an SPL image suitable for sending directly to the boot ROM
285 over USB OTG. This is a very simple format - just the string RK32 (as 4 bytes)
286 followed by u-boot-spl-dtb.bin.
288 The boot ROM loads image to 0xff704000 which is in the internal SRAM. The SRAM
289 starts at 0xff700000 and extends to 0xff718000 where we put the stack.
294 rksd.c produces an image consisting of 32KB of empty space, a header and
295 u-boot-spl-dtb.bin. The header is defined by 'struct header0_info' although
296 most of the fields are unused by U-Boot. We just need to specify the
297 signature, a flag and the block offset and size of the SPL image.
299 The header occupies a single block but we pad it out to 4 blocks. The header
300 is encoding using RC4 with the key 7c4e0304550509072d2c7b38170d1711. The SPL
301 image can be encoded too but we don't do that.
303 The maximum size of u-boot-spl-dtb.bin which the boot ROM will read is 32KB,
304 or 0x40 blocks. This is a severe and annoying limitation. There may be a way
305 around this limitation, since there is plenty of SRAM, but at present the
306 board refuses to boot if this limit is exceeded.
308 The image produced is padded up to a block boundary (512 bytes). It should be
309 written to the start of an SD card using dd.
311 Since this image is set to load U-Boot from the SD card at block offset,
312 CONFIG_SYS_MMCSD_RAW_MODE_U_BOOT_SECTOR, dd should be used to write
313 u-boot-dtb.img to the SD card at that offset. See above for instructions.
318 rkspi.c produces an image consisting of a header and u-boot-spl-dtb.bin. The
319 resulting image is then spread out so that only the first 2KB of each 4KB
320 sector is used. The header is the same as with rksd and the maximum size is
321 also 32KB (before spreading). The image should be written to the start of
324 See above for instructions on how to write a SPI image.
329 You can use this script to create #defines for SoC register access. See the
333 Device tree and driver model
334 ----------------------------
336 Where possible driver model is used to provide a structure to the
337 functionality. Device tree is used for configuration. However these have an
338 overhead and in SPL with a 32KB size limit some shortcuts have been taken.
339 In general all Rockchip drivers should use these features, with SPL-specific
340 modifications where required.
343 ----------------------------
345 Rockchip use a unified GPT partition layout in open source support.
346 With this GPT partition layout, uboot can be compatilbe with other components,
347 like miniloader, trusted-os, arm-trust-firmware.
349 There are some documents about partitions in the links below.
350 http://rockchip.wikidot.com/partitions
353 Simon Glass <sjg@chromium.org>