1 SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0+
3 * Copyright 2010-2011 Calxeda, Inc.
6 The 'pxe' commands provide a near subset of the functionality provided by
7 the PXELINUX boot loader. This allows U-Boot based systems to be controlled
8 remotely using the same PXE based techniques that many non U-Boot based servers
18 follows PXELINUX's rules for retrieving configuration files from a tftp
19 server, and supports a subset of PXELINUX's config file syntax.
23 'pxe get' requires two environment variables to be set:
25 pxefile_addr_r - should be set to a location in RAM large enough to hold
26 pxe files while they're being processed. Up to 16 config files may be
27 held in memory at once. The exact number and size of the files varies with
28 how the system is being used. A typical config file is a few hundred bytes
31 bootfile,serverip - these two are typically set in the DHCP response
32 handler, and correspond to fields in the DHCP response.
34 'pxe get' optionally supports these two environment variables being set:
36 ethaddr - this is the standard MAC address for the ethernet adapter in use.
37 'pxe get' uses it to look for a configuration file specific to a system's
40 pxeuuid - this is a UUID in standard form using lower case hexadecimal
41 digits, for example, 550e8400-e29b-41d4-a716-446655440000. 'pxe get' uses
42 it to look for a configuration file based on the system's UUID.
46 'pxe get' repeatedly tries to download config files until it either
47 successfully downloads one or runs out of paths to try. The order and
48 contents of paths it tries mirrors exactly that of PXELINUX - you can
49 read in more detail about it at:
51 http://syslinux.zytor.com/wiki/index.php/Doc/pxelinux
55 syntax: pxe boot [pxefile_addr_r]
57 Interprets a pxe file stored in memory.
59 pxefile_addr_r is an optional argument giving the location of the pxe file.
60 The file must be terminated with a NUL byte.
64 There are some environment variables that may need to be set, depending
67 pxefile_addr_r - if the optional argument pxefile_addr_r is not supplied,
68 an environment variable named pxefile_addr_r must be supplied. This is
69 typically the same value as is used for the 'pxe get' command.
71 bootfile - typically set in the DHCP response handler based on the
72 same field in the DHCP respone, this path is used to generate the base
73 directory that all other paths to files retrieved by 'pxe boot' will use.
74 If no bootfile is specified, paths used in pxe files will be used as is.
76 serverip - typically set in the DHCP response handler, this is the IP
77 address of the tftp server from which other files will be retrieved.
79 kernel_addr_r, initrd_addr_r - locations in RAM at which 'pxe boot' will
80 store the kernel(or FIT image) and initrd it retrieves from tftp. These
81 locations will be passed to the bootm command to boot the kernel. These
82 environment variables are required to be set.
84 fdt_addr_r - location in RAM at which 'pxe boot' will store the fdt blob it
85 retrieves from tftp. The retrieval is possible if 'fdt' label is defined in
86 pxe file and 'fdt_addr_r' is set. If retrieval is possible, 'fdt_addr_r'
87 will be passed to bootm command to boot the kernel.
89 fdt_addr - the location of a fdt blob. 'fdt_addr' will be passed to bootm
90 command if it is set and 'fdt_addr_r' is not passed to bootm command.
94 The pxe file format is nearly a subset of the PXELINUX file format; see
95 http://syslinux.zytor.com/wiki/index.php/PXELINUX. It's composed of one line
96 commands - global commands, and commands specific to labels. Lines begining
97 with # are treated as comments. White space between and at the beginning of
100 The size of pxe files and the number of labels is only limited by the amount
101 of RAM available to U-Boot. Memory for labels is dynamically allocated as
102 they're parsed, and memory for pxe files is statically allocated, and its
103 location is given by the pxefile_addr_r environment variable. The pxe code is
104 not aware of the size of the pxefile memory and will outgrow it if pxe files
107 Supported global commands
108 -------------------------
109 Unrecognized commands are ignored.
111 default <label> - the label named here is treated as the default and is
112 the first label 'pxe boot' attempts to boot.
114 menu title <string> - sets a title for the menu of labels being displayed.
116 menu include <path> - use tftp to retrieve the pxe file at <path>, which
117 is then immediately parsed as if the start of its
118 contents were the next line in the current file. nesting
119 of include up to 16 files deep is supported.
121 prompt <flag> - if 1, always prompt the user to enter a label to boot
122 from. if 0, only prompt the user if timeout expires.
124 timeout <num> - wait for user input for <num>/10 seconds before
127 label <name> - begin a label definition. labels continue until
128 a command not recognized as a label command is seen,
131 Supported label commands
132 ------------------------
133 labels end when a command not recognized as a label command is reached, or EOF.
135 menu default - set this label as the default label to boot; this is
136 the same behavior as the global default command but
137 specified in a different way
139 kernel <path> - if this label is chosen, use tftp to retrieve the kernel
140 (or FIT image) at <path>. it will be stored at the address
141 indicated in the kernel_addr_r environment variable, and
142 that address will be passed to bootm to boot this kernel.
143 For FIT image, The configuration specification can be
144 appended to the file name, with the format:
145 <path>#<conf>[#<extra-conf[#...]]
146 It will passed to bootm with that address.
147 (see: doc/uImage.FIT/command_syntax_extensions.txt)
148 It useful for overlay selection in pxe file
149 (see: doc/uImage.FIT/overlay-fdt-boot.txt)
151 append <string> - use <string> as the kernel command line when booting this
154 initrd <path> - if this label is chosen, use tftp to retrieve the initrd
155 at <path>. it will be stored at the address indicated in
156 the initrd_addr_r environment variable, and that address
157 will be passed to bootm.
159 fdt <path> - if this label is chosen, use tftp to retrieve the fdt blob
160 at <path>. it will be stored at the address indicated in
161 the fdt_addr_r environment variable, and that address will
164 fdtdir <path> - if this label is chosen, use tftp to retrieve a fdt blob
165 relative to <path>. If the fdtfile environment variable
166 is set, <path>/<fdtfile> is retrieved. Otherwise, the
167 filename is generated from the soc and board environment
168 variables, i.e. <path>/<soc>-<board>.dtb is retrieved.
169 If the fdt command is specified, fdtdir is ignored.
171 localboot <flag> - Run the command defined by "localcmd" in the environment.
172 <flag> is ignored and is only here to match the syntax of
173 PXELINUX config files.
177 Here's a couple of example files to show how this works.
179 ------------/tftpboot/pxelinux.cfg/menus/base.menu-----------
180 menu title Linux selections
182 # This is the default label
184 menu label Default Install Image
185 kernel kernels/install.bin
186 append console=ttyAMA0,38400 debug earlyprintk
187 initrd initrds/uzInitrdDebInstall
191 kernel kernels/linux-2.6.38.bin
192 append root=/dev/sdb1
194 # The locally installed kernel
196 menu label Locally installed kernel
197 append root=/dev/sdb1
199 -------------------------------------------------------------
201 ------------/tftpboot/pxelinux.cfg/default-------------------
202 menu include pxelinux.cfg/menus/base.menu
206 -------------------------------------------------------------
208 When a pxe client retrieves and boots the default pxe file,
209 'pxe boot' will wait for user input for 5 seconds before booting
210 the linux-2.6.38 label, which will cause /tftpboot/kernels/linux-2.6.38.bin
211 to be downloaded, and boot with the command line "root=/dev/sdb1"
213 Differences with PXELINUX
214 =========================
215 The biggest difference between U-Boot's pxe and PXELINUX is that since
216 U-Boot's pxe support is written entirely in C, it can run on any platform
217 with network support in U-Boot. Here are some other differences between
218 PXELINUX and U-Boot's pxe support.
220 - U-Boot's pxe does not support the PXELINUX DHCP option codes specified
221 in RFC 5071, but could be extended to do so.
223 - when U-Boot's pxe fails to boot, it will return control to U-Boot,
224 allowing another command to run, other U-Boot command, instead of resetting
225 the machine like PXELINUX.
227 - U-Boot's pxe doesn't rely on or provide an UNDI/PXE stack in memory, it
230 - U-Boot's pxe doesn't provide the full menu implementation that PXELINUX
231 does, only a simple text based menu using the commands described in
232 this README. With PXELINUX, it's possible to have a graphical boot
233 menu, submenus, passwords, etc. U-Boot's pxe could be extended to support
234 a more robust menuing system like that of PXELINUX's.
236 - U-Boot's pxe expects U-Boot uimg's as kernels. Anything that would work
237 with the 'bootm' command in U-Boot could work with the 'pxe boot' command.
239 - U-Boot's pxe only recognizes a single file on the initrd command line. It
240 could be extended to support multiple.
242 - in U-Boot's pxe, the localboot command doesn't necessarily cause a local
243 disk boot - it will do whatever is defined in the 'localcmd' env
244 variable. And since it doesn't support a full UNDI/PXE stack, the
245 type field is ignored.
247 - the interactive prompt in U-Boot's pxe only allows you to choose a label
248 from the menu. If you want to boot something not listed, you can ctrl+c
249 out of 'pxe boot' and use existing U-Boot commands to accomplish it.