7 U-Boot's internal operation involves many different steps and actions. From
8 setting up the board to displaying a start-up screen to loading an Operating
9 System, there are many component parts each with many actions.
11 Most of the time this internal detail is not useful. Displaying it on the
12 console would delay booting (U-Boot's primary purpose) and confuse users.
14 But for digging into what is happening in a particular area, or for debugging
15 a problem it is often useful to see what U-Boot is doing in more detail than
16 is visible from the basic console output.
18 U-Boot's logging feature aims to satisfy this goal for both users and
25 There are a number logging levels available, in increasing order of verbosity:
27 LOGL_EMERG - Printed before U-Boot halts
28 LOGL_ALERT - Indicates action must be taken immediate or U-Boot will crash
29 LOGL_CRIT - Indicates a critical error that will cause boot failure
30 LOGL_ERR - Indicates an error that may cause boot failure
31 LOGL_WARNING - Warning about an unexpected condition
32 LOGL_NOTE - Important information about progress
33 LOGL_INFO - Information about normal boot progress
34 LOGL_DEBUG - Debug information (useful for debugging a driver or subsystem)
35 LOGL_DEBUG_CONTENT - Debug message showing full message content
36 LOGL_DEBUG_IO - Debug message showing hardware I/O access
42 Logging can come from a wide variety of places within U-Boot. Each log message
43 has a category which is intended to allow messages to be filtered according to
46 The following main categories are defined:
48 LOGC_NONE - Unknown category (e.g. a debug() statement)
49 UCLASS_... - Related to a particular uclass (e.g. UCLASS_USB)
50 LOGC_ARCH - Related to architecture-specific code
51 LOGC_BOARD - Related to board-specific code
52 LOGC_CORE - Related to core driver-model support
53 LOGC_DT - Related to device tree control
54 LOGC_EFI - Related to EFI implementation
60 The following options are used to enable logging at compile time:
62 CONFIG_LOG - Enables the logging system
63 CONFIG_MAX_LOG_LEVEL - Max log level to build (anything higher is compiled
65 CONFIG_LOG_CONSOLE - Enable writing log records to the console
67 If CONFIG_LOG is not set, then no logging will be available.
69 The above have SPL versions also, e.g. CONFIG_SPL_MAX_LOG_LEVEL.
75 The 'log' command provides access to several features:
77 level - access the default log level
78 format - access the console log format
79 rec - output a log record
82 Type 'help log' for details.
88 U-Boot has traditionally used a #define called DEBUG to enable debugging on a
89 file-by-file basis. The debug() macro compiles to a printf() statement if
90 DEBUG is enabled, and an empty statement if not.
92 With logging enabled, debug() statements are interpreted as logging output
93 with a level of LOGL_DEBUG and a category of LOGC_NONE.
95 The logging facilities are intended to replace DEBUG, but if DEBUG is defined
96 at the top of a file, then it takes precedence. This means that debug()
97 statements will result in output to the console and this output will not be
104 If logging information goes nowhere then it serves no purpose. U-Boot provides
105 several possible determinations for logging information, all of which can be
106 enabled or disabled independently:
108 console - goes to stdout
114 You can control the log format using the 'log format' command. The basic
117 LEVEL.category,file.c:123-func() message
119 In the above, file.c:123 is the filename where the log record was generated and
120 func() is the function name. By default ('log format default') only the
121 function name and message are displayed on the console. You can control which
122 fields are present, but not the field order.
128 Filters are attached to log drivers to control what those drivers emit. Only
129 records that pass through the filter make it to the driver.
131 Filters can be based on several criteria:
134 - in a set of categories
137 If no filters are attached to a driver then a default filter is used, which
138 limits output to records with a level less than CONFIG_LOG_MAX_LEVEL.
144 The main logging function is:
146 log(category, level, format_string, ...)
148 Also debug() and error() will generate log records - these use LOG_CATEGORY
149 as the category, so you should #define this right at the top of the source
150 file to ensure the category is correct.
152 You can also define CONFIG_LOG_ERROR_RETURN to enable the log_ret() macro. This
153 can be used whenever your function returns an error value:
155 return log_ret(uclass_first_device(UCLASS_MMC, &dev));
157 This will write a log record when an error code is detected (a value < 0). This
158 can make it easier to trace errors that are generated deep in the call stack.
164 Code size impact depends largely on what is enabled. The following numbers are
165 generated by 'buildman -S' for snow, which is a Thumb-2 board (all units in
168 This series: adds bss +20.0 data +4.0 rodata +4.0 text +44.0
169 CONFIG_LOG: bss -52.0 data +92.0 rodata -635.0 text +1048.0
170 CONFIG_LOG_MAX_LEVEL=7: bss +188.0 data +4.0 rodata +49183.0 text +98124.0
172 The last option turns every debug() statement into a logging call, which
173 bloats the code hugely. The advantage is that it is then possible to enable
174 all logging within U-Boot.
180 There are lots of useful additions that could be made. None of the below is
181 implemented! If you do one, please add a test in test/py/tests/test_log.py
183 Convenience functions to support setting the category:
185 log_arch(level, format_string, ...) - category LOGC_ARCH
186 log_board(level, format_string, ...) - category LOGC_BOARD
187 log_core(level, format_string, ...) - category LOGC_CORE
188 log_dt(level, format_string, ...) - category LOGC_DT
190 Convenience functions to support a category defined for a single file, for
193 #define LOG_CATEGORY UCLASS_USB
195 all of these can use LOG_CATEGORY as the category, and a log level
196 corresponding to the function name:
198 logc(level, format_string, ...)
200 More logging destinations:
202 device - goes to a device (e.g. serial)
203 buffer - recorded in a memory buffer
205 Convert debug() statements in the code to log() statements
207 Support making printf() emit log statements a L_INFO level
209 Convert error() statements in the code to log() statements
211 Figure out what to do with BUG(), BUG_ON() and warn_non_spl()
213 Figure out what to do with assert()
215 Add a way to browse log records
217 Add a way to record log records for browsing using an external tool
219 Add commands to add and remove filters
221 Add commands to add and remove log devices
223 Allow sharing of printf format strings in log records to reduce storage size
224 for large numbers of log records
226 Add a command-line option to sandbox to set the default logging level
228 Convert core driver model code to use logging
230 Convert uclasses to use logging with the correct category
232 Consider making log() calls emit an automatic newline, perhaps with a logn()
233 function to avoid that
235 Passing log records through to linux (e.g. via device tree /chosen)
237 Provide a command to access the number of log records generated, and the
238 number dropped due to them being generated before the log system was ready.
240 Add a printf() format string pragma so that log statements are checked properly
242 Enhance the log console driver to show level / category / file / line
245 Add a command to add new log records and delete existing records.
247 Provide additional log() functions - e.g. logc() to specify the category
250 Simon Glass <sjg@chromium.org>