7 U-Boot's internal operation involves many different steps and actions. From
8 setting up the board to displaying a start-up screen to loading an Operating
9 System, there are many component parts each with many actions.
11 Most of the time this internal detail is not useful. Displaying it on the
12 console would delay booting (U-Boot's primary purpose) and confuse users.
14 But for digging into what is happening in a particular area, or for debugging
15 a problem it is often useful to see what U-Boot is doing in more detail than
16 is visible from the basic console output.
18 U-Boot's logging feature aims to satisfy this goal for both users and
25 There are a number logging levels available, in increasing order of verbosity:
27 LOGL_EMERG - Printed before U-Boot halts
28 LOGL_ALERT - Indicates action must be taken immediate or U-Boot will crash
29 LOGL_CRIT - Indicates a critical error that will cause boot failure
30 LOGL_ERR - Indicates an error that may cause boot failure
31 LOGL_WARNING - Warning about an unexpected condition
32 LOGL_NOTE - Important information about progress
33 LOGL_INFO - Information about normal boot progress
34 LOGL_DEBUG - Debug information (useful for debugging a driver or subsystem)
35 LOGL_DEBUG_CONTENT - Debug message showing full message content
36 LOGL_DEBUG_IO - Debug message showing hardware I/O access
42 Logging can come from a wide variety of places within U-Boot. Each log message
43 has a category which is intended to allow messages to be filtered according to
46 The following main categories are defined:
48 LOGC_NONE - Unknown category (e.g. a debug() statement)
49 UCLASS_... - Related to a particular uclass (e.g. UCLASS_USB)
50 LOGC_ARCH - Related to architecture-specific code
51 LOGC_BOARD - Related to board-specific code
52 LOGC_CORE - Related to core driver-model support
53 LOGC_DT - Related to device tree control
54 LOGC_EFI - Related to EFI implementation
60 The following options are used to enable logging at compile time:
62 CONFIG_LOG - Enables the logging system
63 CONFIG_MAX_LOG_LEVEL - Max log level to build (anything higher is compiled
65 CONFIG_LOG_CONSOLE - Enable writing log records to the console
67 If CONFIG_LOG is not set, then no logging will be available.
69 The above have SPL versions also, e.g. CONFIG_SPL_MAX_LOG_LEVEL.
72 Temporary logging within a single file
73 --------------------------------------
75 Sometimes it is useful to turn on logging just in one file. You can use this:
79 to enable building in of all logging statements in a single file. Put it at
80 the top of the file, before any #includes.
82 To actually get U-Boot to output this you need to also set the default logging
83 level - e.g. set CONFIG_LOG_DEFAULT_LEVEL to 7 (LOGL_DEBUG) or more. Otherwise
84 debug output is suppressed and will not be generated.
90 A number of convenience functions are available to shorten the code needed
101 With these the log level is implicit in the name. The category is set by
102 LOG_CATEGORY, which you can only define once per file, above all #includes:
104 #define LOG_CATEGORY LOGC_ALLOC
108 #define LOG_CATEGORY UCLASS_SPI
110 Remember that all uclasses IDs are log categories too.
116 The 'log' command provides access to several features:
118 level - access the default log level
119 format - access the console log format
120 rec - output a log record
123 Type 'help log' for details.
129 U-Boot has traditionally used a #define called DEBUG to enable debugging on a
130 file-by-file basis. The debug() macro compiles to a printf() statement if
131 DEBUG is enabled, and an empty statement if not.
133 With logging enabled, debug() statements are interpreted as logging output
134 with a level of LOGL_DEBUG and a category of LOGC_NONE.
136 The logging facilities are intended to replace DEBUG, but if DEBUG is defined
137 at the top of a file, then it takes precedence. This means that debug()
138 statements will result in output to the console and this output will not be
145 If logging information goes nowhere then it serves no purpose. U-Boot provides
146 several possible determinations for logging information, all of which can be
147 enabled or disabled independently:
149 console - goes to stdout
155 You can control the log format using the 'log format' command. The basic
158 LEVEL.category,file.c:123-func() message
160 In the above, file.c:123 is the filename where the log record was generated and
161 func() is the function name. By default ('log format default') only the
162 function name and message are displayed on the console. You can control which
163 fields are present, but not the field order.
169 Filters are attached to log drivers to control what those drivers emit. Only
170 records that pass through the filter make it to the driver.
172 Filters can be based on several criteria:
175 - in a set of categories
178 If no filters are attached to a driver then a default filter is used, which
179 limits output to records with a level less than CONFIG_LOG_MAX_LEVEL.
185 The main logging function is:
187 log(category, level, format_string, ...)
189 Also debug() and error() will generate log records - these use LOG_CATEGORY
190 as the category, so you should #define this right at the top of the source
191 file to ensure the category is correct.
193 You can also define CONFIG_LOG_ERROR_RETURN to enable the log_ret() macro. This
194 can be used whenever your function returns an error value:
196 return log_ret(uclass_first_device(UCLASS_MMC, &dev));
198 This will write a log record when an error code is detected (a value < 0). This
199 can make it easier to trace errors that are generated deep in the call stack.
205 Code size impact depends largely on what is enabled. The following numbers are
206 generated by 'buildman -S' for snow, which is a Thumb-2 board (all units in
209 This series: adds bss +20.0 data +4.0 rodata +4.0 text +44.0
210 CONFIG_LOG: bss -52.0 data +92.0 rodata -635.0 text +1048.0
211 CONFIG_LOG_MAX_LEVEL=7: bss +188.0 data +4.0 rodata +49183.0 text +98124.0
213 The last option turns every debug() statement into a logging call, which
214 bloats the code hugely. The advantage is that it is then possible to enable
215 all logging within U-Boot.
221 There are lots of useful additions that could be made. None of the below is
222 implemented! If you do one, please add a test in test/py/tests/test_log.py
224 Convenience functions to support setting the category:
226 log_arch(level, format_string, ...) - category LOGC_ARCH
227 log_board(level, format_string, ...) - category LOGC_BOARD
228 log_core(level, format_string, ...) - category LOGC_CORE
229 log_dt(level, format_string, ...) - category LOGC_DT
231 More logging destinations:
233 device - goes to a device (e.g. serial)
234 buffer - recorded in a memory buffer
236 Convert debug() statements in the code to log() statements
238 Support making printf() emit log statements a L_INFO level
240 Convert error() statements in the code to log() statements
242 Figure out what to do with BUG(), BUG_ON() and warn_non_spl()
244 Figure out what to do with assert()
246 Add a way to browse log records
248 Add a way to record log records for browsing using an external tool
250 Add commands to add and remove filters
252 Add commands to add and remove log devices
254 Allow sharing of printf format strings in log records to reduce storage size
255 for large numbers of log records
257 Add a command-line option to sandbox to set the default logging level
259 Convert core driver model code to use logging
261 Convert uclasses to use logging with the correct category
263 Consider making log() calls emit an automatic newline, perhaps with a logn()
264 function to avoid that
266 Passing log records through to linux (e.g. via device tree /chosen)
268 Provide a command to access the number of log records generated, and the
269 number dropped due to them being generated before the log system was ready.
271 Add a printf() format string pragma so that log statements are checked properly
273 Enhance the log console driver to show level / category / file / line
276 Add a command to add new log records and delete existing records.
278 Provide additional log() functions - e.g. logc() to specify the category
281 Simon Glass <sjg@chromium.org>