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5 The networking stack in Das U-Boot is designed for multiple network devices
6 to be easily added and controlled at runtime. This guide is meant for people
7 who wish to review the net driver stack with an eye towards implementing your
8 own ethernet device driver. Here we will describe a new pseudo 'APE' driver.
14 All functions you will be implementing in this document have the return value
15 meaning of 0 for success and non-zero for failure.
21 When U-Boot initializes, it will call the common function eth_initialize().
22 This will in turn call the board-specific board_eth_init() (or if that fails,
23 the cpu-specific cpu_eth_init()). These board-specific functions can do random
24 system handling, but ultimately they will call the driver-specific register
25 function which in turn takes care of initializing that particular instance.
27 Keep in mind that you should code the driver to avoid storing state in global
28 data as someone might want to hook up two of the same devices to one board.
29 Any such information that is specific to an interface should be stored in a
30 private, driver-defined data structure and pointed to by eth->priv (see below).
32 So the call graph at this stage would look something like:
35 board_eth_init() / cpu_eth_init()
40 At this point in time, the only thing you need to worry about is the driver's
41 register function. The pseudo code would look something like:
42 int ape_register(bd_t *bis, int iobase)
44 struct ape_priv *priv;
45 struct eth_device *dev;
47 priv = malloc(sizeof(*priv));
51 dev = malloc(sizeof(*dev));
57 /* setup whatever private state you need */
59 memset(dev, 0, sizeof(*dev));
60 sprintf(dev->name, "APE");
62 /* if your device has dedicated hardware storage for the
63 * MAC, read it and initialize dev->enetaddr with it
65 ape_mac_read(dev->enetaddr);
76 #ifdef CONFIG_CMD_MII)
77 miiphy_register(dev->name, ape_mii_read, ape_mii_write);
83 The exact arguments needed to initialize your device are up to you. If you
84 need to pass more/less arguments, that's fine. You should also add the
85 prototype for your new register function to include/netdev.h.
87 The return value for this function should be as follows:
88 < 0 - failure (hardware failure, not probe failure)
89 >=0 - number of interfaces detected
91 You might notice that many drivers seem to use xxx_initialize() rather than
92 xxx_register(). This is the old naming convention and should be avoided as it
93 causes confusion with the driver-specific init function.
95 Other than locating the MAC address in dedicated hardware storage, you should
96 not touch the hardware in anyway. That step is handled in the driver-specific
97 init function. Remember that we are only registering the device here, we are
98 not checking its state or doing random probing.
104 Now that we've registered with the ethernet layer, we can start getting some
105 real work done. You will need four functions:
106 int ape_init(struct eth_device *dev, bd_t *bis);
107 int ape_send(struct eth_device *dev, volatile void *packet, int length);
108 int ape_recv(struct eth_device *dev);
109 int ape_halt(struct eth_device *dev);
111 The init function checks the hardware (probing/identifying) and gets it ready
112 for send/recv operations. You often do things here such as resetting the MAC
113 and/or PHY, and waiting for the link to autonegotiate. You should also take
114 the opportunity to program the device's MAC address with the dev->enetaddr
115 member. This allows the rest of U-Boot to dynamically change the MAC address
116 and have the new settings be respected.
118 The send function does what you think -- transmit the specified packet whose
119 size is specified by length (in bytes). You should not return until the
120 transmission is complete, and you should leave the state such that the send
121 function can be called multiple times in a row.
123 The recv function should process packets as long as the hardware has them
124 readily available before returning. i.e. you should drain the hardware fifo.
125 The common code sets up packet buffers for you already (NetRxPackets), so there
126 is no need to allocate your own. For each packet you receive, you should call
127 the NetReceive() function on it with the packet length. So the pseudo code
128 here would look something like:
129 int ape_recv(struct eth_device *dev)
133 while (packets_are_available()) {
135 length = ape_get_packet(&NetRxPackets[i]);
137 NetReceive(&NetRxPackets[i], length);
139 if (++i >= PKTBUFSRX)
147 The halt function should turn off / disable the hardware and place it back in
150 So the call graph at this stage would look something like:
151 some net operation (ping / tftp / whatever...)
161 -----------------------------
162 CONFIG_MII / CONFIG_CMD_MII
163 -----------------------------
165 If your device supports banging arbitrary values on the MII bus (pretty much
166 every device does), you should add support for the mii command. Doing so is
167 fairly trivial and makes debugging mii issues a lot easier at runtime.
169 After you have called eth_register() in your driver's register function, add
170 a call to miiphy_register() like so:
171 #if defined(CONFIG_MII) || defined(CONFIG_CMD_MII)
172 miiphy_register(dev->name, mii_read, mii_write);
175 And then define the mii_read and mii_write functions if you haven't already.
176 Their syntax is straightforward:
177 int mii_read(char *devname, uchar addr, uchar reg, ushort *val);
178 int mii_write(char *devname, uchar addr, uchar reg, ushort val);
180 The read function should read the register 'reg' from the phy at address 'addr'
181 and store the result in the pointer 'val'. The implementation for the write
182 function should logically follow.