1 /* -*- mode: C; c-file-style: "gnu" -*- */
2 /* dbus-keyring.c Store secret cookies in your homedir
4 * Copyright (C) 2003 Red Hat Inc.
6 * Licensed under the Academic Free License version 1.2
8 * This program is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify
9 * it under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by
10 * the Free Software Foundation; either version 2 of the License, or
11 * (at your option) any later version.
13 * This program is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,
14 * but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
15 * MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE. See the
16 * GNU General Public License for more details.
18 * You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License
19 * along with this program; if not, write to the Free Software
20 * Foundation, Inc., 59 Temple Place, Suite 330, Boston, MA 02111-1307 USA
24 #include "dbus-keyring.h"
25 #include <dbus/dbus-string.h>
26 #include <dbus/dbus-list.h>
27 #include <dbus/dbus-sysdeps.h>
30 * @defgroup DBusKeyring keyring class
31 * @ingroup DBusInternals
32 * @brief DBusKeyring data structure
34 * Types and functions related to DBusKeyring. DBusKeyring is intended
35 * to manage cookies used to authenticate clients to servers. This is
36 * essentially the "verify that client can read the user's homedir"
37 * authentication mechanism. Both client and server must have access
40 * The secret keys are not kept in locked memory, and are written to a
41 * file in the user's homedir. However they are transient (only used
42 * by a single server instance for a fixed period of time, then
43 * discarded). Also, the keys are not sent over the wire.
47 * @defgroup DBusKeyringInternals DBusKeyring implementation details
48 * @ingroup DBusInternals
49 * @brief DBusKeyring implementation details
51 * The guts of DBusKeyring.
56 /** The maximum age of a key before we create a new key to use in
57 * challenges. This isn't super-reliably enforced, since system
58 * clocks can change or be wrong, but we make a best effort to only
59 * use keys for a short time.
61 #define NEW_KEY_TIMEOUT_SECONDS (60*5)
63 * The time after which we drop a key from the secrets file.
64 * The EXPIRE_KEYS_TIMEOUT_SECONDS - NEW_KEY_TIMEOUT_SECONDS is the minimum
65 * time window a client has to complete authentication.
67 #define EXPIRE_KEYS_TIMEOUT_SECONDS (NEW_KEY_TIMEOUT_SECONDS + (60*2))
69 * The maximum amount of time a key can be in the future.
71 #define MAX_TIME_TRAVEL_SECONDS (60*5)
75 dbus_int32_t id; /**< identifier used to refer to the key */
77 long creation_time; /**< when the key was generated,
78 * as unix timestamp. signed long
79 * matches struct timeval.
82 DBusString secret; /**< the actual key */
87 * @brief Internals of DBusKeyring.
89 * DBusKeyring internals. DBusKeyring is an opaque object, it must be
90 * used via accessor functions.
94 int refcount; /**< Reference count */
95 DBusString username; /**< Username keyring is for */
96 DBusString directory; /**< Directory the below two items are inside */
97 DBusString filename; /**< Keyring filename */
98 DBusString filename_lock; /**< Name of lockfile */
99 DBusKey *keys; /**< Keys loaded from the file */
100 int n_keys; /**< Number of keys */
104 _dbus_keyring_new (void)
106 DBusKeyring *keyring;
108 keyring = dbus_new0 (DBusKeyring, 1);
112 if (!_dbus_string_init (&keyring->directory, _DBUS_INT_MAX))
115 if (!_dbus_string_init (&keyring->filename, _DBUS_INT_MAX))
118 if (!_dbus_string_init (&keyring->filename_lock, _DBUS_INT_MAX))
121 if (!_dbus_string_init (&keyring->username, _DBUS_INT_MAX))
124 keyring->refcount = 1;
125 keyring->keys = NULL;
131 _dbus_string_free (&keyring->username);
133 _dbus_string_free (&keyring->filename);
135 _dbus_string_free (&keyring->directory);
143 free_keys (DBusKey *keys,
148 /* should be safe for args NULL, 0 */
153 _dbus_string_free (&keys[i].secret);
160 /* Our locking scheme is highly unreliable. However, there is
161 * unfortunately no reliable locking scheme in user home directories;
162 * between bugs in Linux NFS, people using Tru64 or other total crap
163 * NFS, AFS, random-file-system-of-the-week, and so forth, fcntl() in
164 * homedirs simply generates tons of bug reports. This has been
165 * learned through hard experience with GConf, unfortunately.
167 * This bad hack might work better for the kind of lock we have here,
168 * which we don't expect to hold for any length of time. Crashing
169 * while we hold it should be unlikely, and timing out such that we
170 * delete a stale lock should also be unlikely except when the
171 * filesystem is running really slowly. Stuff might break in corner
172 * cases but as long as it's not a security-level breakage it should
176 /** Maximum number of timeouts waiting for lock before we decide it's stale */
177 #define MAX_LOCK_TIMEOUTS 32
178 /** Length of each timeout while waiting for a lock */
179 #define LOCK_TIMEOUT_MILLISECONDS 250
182 _dbus_keyring_lock (DBusKeyring *keyring)
187 while (n_timeouts < MAX_LOCK_TIMEOUTS)
191 dbus_error_init (&error);
192 if (_dbus_create_file_exclusively (&keyring->filename_lock,
196 _dbus_verbose ("Did not get lock file, sleeping %d milliseconds (%s)\n",
197 LOCK_TIMEOUT_MILLISECONDS, error.message);
198 dbus_error_free (&error);
200 _dbus_sleep_milliseconds (LOCK_TIMEOUT_MILLISECONDS);
205 if (n_timeouts == MAX_LOCK_TIMEOUTS)
209 _dbus_verbose ("Lock file timed out %d times, assuming stale\n",
212 dbus_error_init (&error);
214 if (!_dbus_delete_file (&keyring->filename_lock, &error))
216 _dbus_verbose ("Couldn't delete old lock file: %s\n",
218 dbus_error_free (&error);
222 if (!_dbus_create_file_exclusively (&keyring->filename_lock,
225 _dbus_verbose ("Couldn't create lock file after deleting stale one: %s\n",
227 dbus_error_free (&error);
236 _dbus_keyring_unlock (DBusKeyring *keyring)
239 dbus_error_init (&error);
240 if (!_dbus_delete_file (&keyring->filename_lock, &error))
242 _dbus_warn ("Failed to delete lock file: %s\n",
244 dbus_error_free (&error);
249 find_key_by_id (DBusKey *keys,
258 if (keys[i].id == id)
268 add_new_key (DBusKey **keys_p,
275 unsigned long timestamp;
276 const unsigned char *s;
281 _DBUS_ASSERT_ERROR_IS_CLEAR (error);
283 if (!_dbus_string_init (&bytes, _DBUS_INT_MAX))
285 dbus_set_error (error, DBUS_ERROR_NO_MEMORY, NULL);
293 /* Generate an integer ID and then the actual key. */
296 if (!_dbus_generate_random_bytes (&bytes, 4))
298 dbus_set_error (error, DBUS_ERROR_NO_MEMORY, NULL);
302 _dbus_string_get_const_data (&bytes, (const char**) &s);
304 id = s[0] | (s[1] << 8) | (s[2] << 16) | (s[3] << 24);
307 _dbus_assert (id >= 0);
309 if (find_key_by_id (keys, n_keys, id) != NULL)
311 _dbus_string_set_length (&bytes, 0);
312 _dbus_verbose ("Key ID %d already existed, trying another one\n",
317 _dbus_verbose ("Creating key with ID %d\n", id);
319 #define KEY_LENGTH_BYTES 24
320 _dbus_string_set_length (&bytes, 0);
321 if (!_dbus_generate_random_bytes (&bytes, KEY_LENGTH_BYTES))
323 dbus_set_error (error, DBUS_ERROR_NO_MEMORY, NULL);
327 new = dbus_realloc (keys, sizeof (DBusKey) * (n_keys + 1));
330 dbus_set_error (error, DBUS_ERROR_NO_MEMORY, NULL);
337 if (!_dbus_string_init (&keys[n_keys-1].secret,
340 n_keys -= 1; /* we don't want to free the one we didn't init */
341 dbus_set_error (error, DBUS_ERROR_NO_MEMORY, NULL);
345 _dbus_get_current_time (×tamp, NULL);
347 keys[n_keys-1].id = id;
348 keys[n_keys-1].creation_time = timestamp;
349 if (!_dbus_string_move (&bytes, 0,
350 &keys[n_keys-1].secret,
353 dbus_set_error (error, DBUS_ERROR_NO_MEMORY, NULL);
366 _dbus_string_free (&bytes);
371 * Reloads the keyring file, optionally adds one new key to the file,
372 * removes all expired keys from the file iff a key was added, then
373 * resaves the file. Stores the keys from the file in keyring->keys.
374 * Note that the file is only resaved (written to) if a key is added,
375 * this means that only servers ever write to the file and need to
376 * lock it, which avoids a lot of lock contention at login time and
379 * @param keyring the keyring
380 * @param add_new #TRUE to add a new key to the file, expire keys, and resave
381 * @param error return location for errors
382 * @returns #FALSE on failure
385 _dbus_keyring_reload (DBusKeyring *keyring,
392 dbus_bool_t have_lock;
399 _DBUS_ASSERT_ERROR_IS_CLEAR (error);
401 if (!_dbus_string_init (&contents, _DBUS_INT_MAX))
403 dbus_set_error (error, DBUS_ERROR_NO_MEMORY, NULL);
407 if (!_dbus_string_init (&line, _DBUS_INT_MAX))
409 dbus_set_error (error, DBUS_ERROR_NO_MEMORY, NULL);
410 _dbus_string_free (&contents);
419 _dbus_get_current_time (&now, NULL);
423 if (!_dbus_keyring_lock (keyring))
425 dbus_set_error (error, DBUS_ERROR_FAILED,
426 "Could not lock keyring file to add to it");
433 dbus_error_init (&tmp_error);
434 if (!_dbus_file_get_contents (&contents,
438 _dbus_verbose ("Failed to load keyring file: %s\n",
440 /* continue with empty keyring file, so we recreate it */
441 dbus_error_free (&tmp_error);
444 if (!_dbus_string_validate_ascii (&contents, 0,
445 _dbus_string_get_length (&contents)))
447 _dbus_warn ("Secret keyring file contains non-ASCII! Ignoring existing contents\n");
448 _dbus_string_set_length (&contents, 0);
451 while (_dbus_string_pop_line (&contents, &line))
461 if (!_dbus_string_parse_int (&line, 0, &val, &next))
463 _dbus_verbose ("could not parse secret key ID at start of line\n");
467 if (val > _DBUS_INT_MAX || val < 0)
469 _dbus_verbose ("invalid secret key ID at start of line\n");
475 _dbus_string_skip_blank (&line, next, &next);
477 if (!_dbus_string_parse_int (&line, next, ×tamp, &next))
479 _dbus_verbose ("could not parse secret key timestamp\n");
484 (now + MAX_TIME_TRAVEL_SECONDS) < timestamp ||
485 (now - EXPIRE_KEYS_TIMEOUT_SECONDS) > timestamp)
487 _dbus_verbose ("dropping/ignoring %ld-seconds old key with timestamp %ld as current time is %ld\n",
488 now - timestamp, timestamp, now);
492 _dbus_string_skip_blank (&line, next, &next);
494 len = _dbus_string_get_length (&line);
496 if ((len - next) == 0)
498 _dbus_verbose ("no secret key after ID and timestamp\n");
502 /* We have all three parts */
503 new = dbus_realloc (keys, sizeof (DBusKey) * (n_keys + 1));
506 dbus_set_error (error, DBUS_ERROR_NO_MEMORY, NULL);
513 if (!_dbus_string_init (&keys[n_keys-1].secret,
516 n_keys -= 1; /* we don't want to free the one we didn't init */
517 dbus_set_error (error, DBUS_ERROR_NO_MEMORY, NULL);
521 keys[n_keys-1].id = id;
522 keys[n_keys-1].creation_time = timestamp;
523 if (!_dbus_string_hex_decode (&line, next,
524 &keys[n_keys-1].secret,
527 dbus_set_error (error, DBUS_ERROR_NO_MEMORY, NULL);
532 _dbus_verbose ("Successfully loaded %d existing keys\n",
537 if (!add_new_key (&keys, &n_keys, error))
539 _dbus_verbose ("Failed to generate new key: %s\n",
540 error ? "(unknown)" : error->message);
544 _dbus_string_set_length (&contents, 0);
549 if (!_dbus_string_append_int (&contents,
553 if (!_dbus_string_append_byte (&contents, ' '))
556 if (!_dbus_string_append_int (&contents,
557 keys[i].creation_time))
560 if (!_dbus_string_append_byte (&contents, ' '))
563 if (!_dbus_string_hex_encode (&keys[i].secret, 0,
565 _dbus_string_get_length (&contents)))
568 if (!_dbus_string_append_byte (&contents, '\n'))
575 dbus_set_error (error, DBUS_ERROR_NO_MEMORY, NULL);
579 if (!_dbus_string_save_to_file (&contents, &keyring->filename,
584 dbus_free (keyring->keys);
585 keyring->keys = keys;
586 keyring->n_keys = n_keys;
594 _dbus_keyring_unlock (keyring);
596 if (! ((retval == TRUE && (error == NULL || error->name == NULL)) ||
597 (retval == FALSE && (error == NULL || error->name != NULL))))
599 if (error && error->name)
600 _dbus_verbose ("error is %s: %s\n", error->name, error->message);
601 _dbus_warn ("returning %d but error pointer %p name %s\n",
602 retval, error, error->name ? error->name : "(none)");
603 _dbus_assert_not_reached ("didn't handle errors properly");
611 _dbus_string_zero (&keys[i].secret);
612 _dbus_string_free (&keys[i].secret);
619 _dbus_string_free (&contents);
620 _dbus_string_free (&line);
625 /** @} */ /* end of internals */
628 * @addtogroup DBusKeyring
634 * Increments reference count of the keyring
636 * @param keyring the keyring
639 _dbus_keyring_ref (DBusKeyring *keyring)
641 keyring->refcount += 1;
645 * Decrements refcount and finalizes if it reaches
648 * @param keyring the keyring
651 _dbus_keyring_unref (DBusKeyring *keyring)
653 keyring->refcount -= 1;
655 if (keyring->refcount == 0)
657 _dbus_string_free (&keyring->username);
658 _dbus_string_free (&keyring->filename);
659 _dbus_string_free (&keyring->filename_lock);
660 _dbus_string_free (&keyring->directory);
661 free_keys (keyring->keys, keyring->n_keys);
667 * Creates a new keyring that lives in the ~/.dbus-keyrings
668 * directory of the given user. If the username is #NULL,
669 * uses the user owning the current process.
671 * @param username username to get keyring for, or #NULL
672 * @param context which keyring to get
673 * @param error return location for errors
674 * @returns the keyring or #NULL on error
677 _dbus_keyring_new_homedir (const DBusString *username,
678 const DBusString *context,
682 DBusKeyring *keyring;
683 dbus_bool_t error_set;
687 _DBUS_ASSERT_ERROR_IS_CLEAR (error);
692 if (!_dbus_string_init (&homedir, _DBUS_INT_MAX))
695 _dbus_string_init_const (&dotdir, ".dbus-keyrings");
697 if (username == NULL)
699 const DBusString *const_homedir;
701 if (!_dbus_user_info_from_current_process (&username,
706 if (!_dbus_string_copy (const_homedir, 0,
712 if (!_dbus_homedir_from_username (username, &homedir))
716 _dbus_assert (username != NULL);
718 keyring = _dbus_keyring_new ();
722 /* should have been validated already, but paranoia check here */
723 if (!_dbus_keyring_validate_context (context))
726 dbus_set_error_const (error,
728 "Invalid context in keyring creation");
732 if (!_dbus_string_copy (username, 0,
733 &keyring->username, 0))
736 if (!_dbus_string_copy (&homedir, 0,
737 &keyring->directory, 0))
740 _dbus_string_free (&homedir);
742 if (!_dbus_concat_dir_and_file (&keyring->directory,
746 if (!_dbus_string_copy (&keyring->directory, 0,
747 &keyring->filename, 0))
750 if (!_dbus_concat_dir_and_file (&keyring->filename,
754 if (!_dbus_string_copy (&keyring->filename, 0,
755 &keyring->filename_lock, 0))
758 if (!_dbus_string_append (&keyring->filename_lock, ".lock"))
761 dbus_error_init (&tmp_error);
762 if (!_dbus_keyring_reload (keyring, FALSE, &tmp_error))
764 _dbus_verbose ("didn't load an existing keyring: %s\n",
766 dbus_error_free (&tmp_error);
769 /* We don't fail fatally if we can't create the directory,
770 * but the keyring will probably always be empty
771 * unless someone else manages to create it
773 dbus_error_init (&tmp_error);
774 if (!_dbus_create_directory (&keyring->directory,
777 _dbus_verbose ("Creating keyring directory: %s\n",
779 dbus_error_free (&tmp_error);
786 dbus_set_error_const (error,
787 DBUS_ERROR_NO_MEMORY,
788 "No memory to create keyring");
790 _dbus_keyring_unref (keyring);
791 _dbus_string_free (&homedir);
797 * Checks whether the context is a valid context.
798 * Contexts that might cause confusion when used
799 * in filenames are not allowed (contexts can't
800 * start with a dot or contain dir separators).
802 * @todo this is the most inefficient implementation
805 * @param context the context
806 * @returns #TRUE if valid
809 _dbus_keyring_validate_context (const DBusString *context)
811 if (_dbus_string_get_length (context) == 0)
813 _dbus_verbose ("context is zero-length\n");
817 if (!_dbus_string_validate_ascii (context, 0,
818 _dbus_string_get_length (context)))
820 _dbus_verbose ("context not valid ascii\n");
824 /* no directory separators */
825 if (_dbus_string_find (context, 0, "/", NULL))
827 _dbus_verbose ("context contains a slash\n");
831 if (_dbus_string_find (context, 0, "\\", NULL))
833 _dbus_verbose ("context contains a backslash\n");
837 /* prevent attempts to use dotfiles or ".." or ".lock"
838 * all of which might allow some kind of attack
840 if (_dbus_string_find (context, 0, ".", NULL))
842 _dbus_verbose ("context contains a dot\n");
846 /* no spaces/tabs, those are used for separators in the protocol */
847 if (_dbus_string_find_blank (context, 0, NULL))
849 _dbus_verbose ("context contains a blank\n");
853 if (_dbus_string_find (context, 0, "\n", NULL))
855 _dbus_verbose ("context contains a newline\n");
859 if (_dbus_string_find (context, 0, "\r", NULL))
861 _dbus_verbose ("context contains a carriage return\n");
869 find_recent_key (DBusKeyring *keyring)
872 long tv_sec, tv_usec;
874 _dbus_get_current_time (&tv_sec, &tv_usec);
877 while (i < keyring->n_keys)
879 DBusKey *key = &keyring->keys[i];
881 _dbus_verbose ("Key %d is %ld seconds old\n",
882 i, tv_sec - key->creation_time);
884 if ((tv_sec - NEW_KEY_TIMEOUT_SECONDS) < key->creation_time)
894 * Gets a recent key to use for authentication.
895 * If no recent key exists, creates one. Returns
896 * the key ID. If a key can't be written to the keyring
897 * file so no recent key can be created, returns -1.
898 * All valid keys are > 0.
900 * @param keyring the keyring
901 * @param error error on failure
902 * @returns key ID to use for auth, or -1 on failure
905 _dbus_keyring_get_best_key (DBusKeyring *keyring,
910 _DBUS_ASSERT_ERROR_IS_CLEAR (error);
912 key = find_recent_key (keyring);
916 /* All our keys are too old, or we've never loaded the
917 * keyring. Create a new one.
919 if (!_dbus_keyring_reload (keyring, TRUE,
923 key = find_recent_key (keyring);
928 dbus_set_error_const (error,
930 "No recent-enough key found in keyring, and unable to create a new key");
936 * Checks whether the keyring is for the given username.
938 * @param keyring the keyring
939 * @param username the username to check
941 * @returns #TRUE if the keyring belongs to the given user
944 _dbus_keyring_is_for_user (DBusKeyring *keyring,
945 const DBusString *username)
947 return _dbus_string_equal (&keyring->username,
952 * Gets the hex-encoded secret key for the given ID.
953 * Returns #FALSE if not enough memory. Returns #TRUE
954 * but empty key on any other error such as unknown
957 * @param keyring the keyring
958 * @param key_id the key ID
959 * @param hex_key string to append hex-encoded key to
960 * @returns #TRUE if we had enough memory
963 _dbus_keyring_get_hex_key (DBusKeyring *keyring,
969 key = find_key_by_id (keyring->keys,
973 return TRUE; /* had enough memory, so TRUE */
975 return _dbus_string_hex_encode (&key->secret, 0,
977 _dbus_string_get_length (hex_key));
980 /** @} */ /* end of exposed API */
982 #ifdef DBUS_BUILD_TESTS
983 #include "dbus-test.h"
987 _dbus_keyring_test (void)
999 /* Context validation */
1001 _dbus_string_init_const (&context, "foo");
1002 _dbus_assert (_dbus_keyring_validate_context (&context));
1003 _dbus_string_init_const (&context, "org_freedesktop_blah");
1004 _dbus_assert (_dbus_keyring_validate_context (&context));
1006 _dbus_string_init_const (&context, "");
1007 _dbus_assert (!_dbus_keyring_validate_context (&context));
1008 _dbus_string_init_const (&context, ".foo");
1009 _dbus_assert (!_dbus_keyring_validate_context (&context));
1010 _dbus_string_init_const (&context, "bar.foo");
1011 _dbus_assert (!_dbus_keyring_validate_context (&context));
1012 _dbus_string_init_const (&context, "bar/foo");
1013 _dbus_assert (!_dbus_keyring_validate_context (&context));
1014 _dbus_string_init_const (&context, "bar\\foo");
1015 _dbus_assert (!_dbus_keyring_validate_context (&context));
1016 _dbus_string_init_const (&context, "foo\xfa\xf0");
1017 _dbus_assert (!_dbus_keyring_validate_context (&context));
1018 _dbus_string_init_const (&context, "foo\x80");
1019 _dbus_assert (!_dbus_keyring_validate_context (&context));
1020 _dbus_string_init_const (&context, "foo\x7f");
1021 _dbus_assert (_dbus_keyring_validate_context (&context));
1022 _dbus_string_init_const (&context, "foo bar");
1023 _dbus_assert (!_dbus_keyring_validate_context (&context));
1025 if (!_dbus_string_init (&context, _DBUS_INT_MAX))
1026 _dbus_assert_not_reached ("no memory");
1027 if (!_dbus_string_append_byte (&context, '\0'))
1028 _dbus_assert_not_reached ("no memory");
1029 _dbus_assert (!_dbus_keyring_validate_context (&context));
1030 _dbus_string_free (&context);
1032 /* Now verify that if we create a key in keyring 1,
1033 * it is properly loaded in keyring 2
1036 _dbus_string_init_const (&context, "org_freedesktop_dbus_testsuite");
1037 dbus_error_init (&error);
1038 ring1 = _dbus_keyring_new_homedir (NULL, &context,
1040 _dbus_assert (ring1);
1041 _dbus_assert (error.name == NULL);
1043 id = _dbus_keyring_get_best_key (ring1, &error);
1046 fprintf (stderr, "Could not load keyring: %s\n", error.message);
1047 dbus_error_free (&error);
1051 ring2 = _dbus_keyring_new_homedir (NULL, &context, &error);
1052 _dbus_assert (ring2);
1053 _dbus_assert (error.name == NULL);
1055 if (ring1->n_keys != ring2->n_keys)
1057 fprintf (stderr, "Different number of keys in keyrings\n");
1061 /* We guarantee we load and save keeping keys in a fixed
1065 while (i < ring1->n_keys)
1067 if (ring1->keys[i].id != ring2->keys[i].id)
1069 fprintf (stderr, "Keyring 1 has first key ID %d and keyring 2 has %d\n",
1070 ring1->keys[i].id, ring2->keys[i].id);
1074 if (ring1->keys[i].creation_time != ring2->keys[i].creation_time)
1076 fprintf (stderr, "Keyring 1 has first key time %ld and keyring 2 has %ld\n",
1077 ring1->keys[i].creation_time, ring2->keys[i].creation_time);
1081 if (!_dbus_string_equal (&ring1->keys[i].secret,
1082 &ring2->keys[i].secret))
1084 fprintf (stderr, "Keyrings 1 and 2 have different secrets for same ID/timestamp\n");
1091 printf (" %d keys in test\n", ring1->n_keys);
1093 _dbus_keyring_unref (ring1);
1094 _dbus_keyring_unref (ring2);
1100 _dbus_keyring_unref (ring1);
1102 _dbus_keyring_unref (ring2);
1107 #endif /* DBUS_BUILD_TESTS */