1 /* -*- mode: C; c-file-style: "gnu"; indent-tabs-mode: nil; -*- */
2 /* dbus-internals.c random utility stuff (internal to D-Bus implementation)
4 * Copyright (C) 2002, 2003 Red Hat, Inc.
6 * Licensed under the Academic Free License version 2.1
8 * This program is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify
9 * it under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by
10 * the Free Software Foundation; either version 2 of the License, or
11 * (at your option) any later version.
13 * This program is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,
14 * but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
15 * MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE. See the
16 * GNU General Public License for more details.
18 * You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License
19 * along with this program; if not, write to the Free Software
20 * Foundation, Inc., 51 Franklin Street, Fifth Floor, Boston, MA 02110-1301 USA
25 #include "dbus-internals.h"
26 #include "dbus-protocol.h"
27 #include "dbus-marshal-basic.h"
28 #include "dbus-test.h"
29 #include "dbus-valgrind-internal.h"
34 #ifdef DBUS_USE_OUTPUT_DEBUG_STRING
40 * @defgroup DBusInternals D-Bus secret internal implementation details
41 * @brief Documentation useful when developing or debugging D-Bus itself.
46 * @defgroup DBusInternalsUtils Utilities and portability
47 * @ingroup DBusInternals
48 * @brief Utility functions (_dbus_assert(), _dbus_warn(), etc.)
55 * Aborts with an error message if the condition is false.
57 * @param condition condition which must be true.
61 * @def _dbus_assert_not_reached
63 * Aborts with an error message if called.
64 * The given explanation will be printed.
66 * @param explanation explanation of what happened if the code was reached.
70 * @def _DBUS_N_ELEMENTS
72 * Computes the number of elements in a fixed-size array using
75 * @param array the array to count elements in.
79 * @def _DBUS_POINTER_TO_INT
81 * Safely casts a void* to an integer; should only be used on void*
82 * that actually contain integers, for example one created with
83 * _DBUS_INT_TO_POINTER. Only guaranteed to preserve 32 bits.
84 * (i.e. it's used to store 32-bit ints in pointers, but
85 * can't be used to store 64-bit pointers in ints.)
87 * @param pointer pointer to extract an integer from.
90 * @def _DBUS_INT_TO_POINTER
92 * Safely stuffs an integer into a pointer, to be extracted later with
93 * _DBUS_POINTER_TO_INT. Only guaranteed to preserve 32 bits.
95 * @param integer the integer to stuff into a pointer.
100 * Sets all bits in an object to zero.
102 * @param object the object to be zeroed.
105 * @def _DBUS_INT16_MIN
107 * Minimum value of type "int16"
110 * @def _DBUS_INT16_MAX
112 * Maximum value of type "int16"
115 * @def _DBUS_UINT16_MAX
117 * Maximum value of type "uint16"
121 * @def _DBUS_INT32_MIN
123 * Minimum value of type "int32"
126 * @def _DBUS_INT32_MAX
128 * Maximum value of type "int32"
131 * @def _DBUS_UINT32_MAX
133 * Maximum value of type "uint32"
139 * Minimum value of type "int"
144 * Maximum value of type "int"
147 * @def _DBUS_UINT_MAX
149 * Maximum value of type "uint"
153 * @typedef DBusForeachFunction
155 * Used to iterate over each item in a collection, such as
160 * @def _DBUS_LOCK_NAME
162 * Expands to name of a global lock variable.
168 * Locks a global lock, initializing it first if necessary.
170 * @returns #FALSE if not enough memory
176 * Unlocks a global lock
180 * Fixed "out of memory" error message, just to avoid
181 * making up a different string every time and wasting
184 const char *_dbus_no_memory_message = "Not enough memory";
186 static dbus_bool_t warn_initted = FALSE;
187 static dbus_bool_t fatal_warnings = FALSE;
188 static dbus_bool_t fatal_warnings_on_check_failed = TRUE;
196 s = _dbus_getenv ("DBUS_FATAL_WARNINGS");
201 fatal_warnings = FALSE;
202 fatal_warnings_on_check_failed = FALSE;
206 fatal_warnings = TRUE;
207 fatal_warnings_on_check_failed = TRUE;
211 fprintf(stderr, "DBUS_FATAL_WARNINGS should be set to 0 or 1 if set, not '%s'",
221 * Prints a warning message to stderr. Can optionally be made to exit
222 * fatally by setting DBUS_FATAL_WARNINGS, but this is rarely
223 * used. This function should be considered pretty much equivalent to
224 * fprintf(stderr). _dbus_warn_check_failed() on the other hand is
225 * suitable for use when a programming mistake has been made.
227 * @param format printf-style format string.
230 _dbus_warn (const char *format,
238 va_start (args, format);
239 vfprintf (stderr, format, args);
250 * Prints a "critical" warning to stderr when an assertion fails;
251 * differs from _dbus_warn primarily in that it prefixes the pid and
252 * defaults to fatal. This should be used only when a programming
253 * error has been detected. (NOT for unavoidable errors that an app
254 * might handle - those should be returned as DBusError.) Calling this
255 * means "there is a bug"
258 _dbus_warn_check_failed(const char *format,
266 fprintf (stderr, "process %lu: ", _dbus_pid_for_log ());
268 va_start (args, format);
269 vfprintf (stderr, format, args);
272 if (fatal_warnings_on_check_failed)
279 #ifdef DBUS_ENABLE_VERBOSE_MODE
281 static dbus_bool_t verbose_initted = FALSE;
282 static dbus_bool_t verbose = TRUE;
284 /** Whether to show the current thread in verbose messages */
285 #define PTHREAD_IN_VERBOSE 0
286 #if PTHREAD_IN_VERBOSE
290 #ifdef DBUS_USE_OUTPUT_DEBUG_STRING
291 static char module_name[1024];
295 _dbus_verbose_init (void)
297 if (!verbose_initted)
299 const char *p = _dbus_getenv ("DBUS_VERBOSE");
300 verbose = p != NULL && *p == '1';
301 verbose_initted = TRUE;
302 #ifdef DBUS_USE_OUTPUT_DEBUG_STRING
304 char *last_period, *last_slash;
305 GetModuleFileName(0,module_name,sizeof(module_name)-1);
306 last_period = _mbsrchr(module_name,'.');
309 last_slash = _mbsrchr(module_name,'\\');
311 strcpy(module_name,last_slash+1);
312 strcat(module_name,": ");
318 /** @def DBUS_IS_DIR_SEPARATOR(c)
319 * macro for checking if character c is a patch separator
321 * @todo move to a header file so that others can use this too
324 #define DBUS_IS_DIR_SEPARATOR(c) (c == '\\' || c == '/')
326 #define DBUS_IS_DIR_SEPARATOR(c) (c == '/')
330 remove source root from file path
331 the source root is determined by
333 static char *_dbus_file_path_extract_elements_from_tail(const char *file,int level)
336 char *p = (char *)file + strlen(file);
341 if (DBUS_IS_DIR_SEPARATOR(*p))
351 return (char *)file+prefix;
355 * Implementation of dbus_is_verbose() macro if built with verbose logging
357 * @returns whether verbose logging is active.
360 _dbus_is_verbose_real (void)
362 _dbus_verbose_init ();
367 * Prints a warning message to stderr
368 * if the user has enabled verbose mode.
369 * This is the real function implementation,
370 * use _dbus_verbose() macro in code.
372 * @param format printf-style format string.
376 #ifdef DBUS_CPP_SUPPORTS_VARIABLE_MACRO_ARGUMENTS
379 const char *function,
385 static dbus_bool_t need_pid = TRUE;
388 /* things are written a bit oddly here so that
389 * in the non-verbose case we just have the one
390 * conditional and return immediately.
392 if (!_dbus_is_verbose_real())
395 #ifndef DBUS_USE_OUTPUT_DEBUG_STRING
396 /* Print out pid before the line */
399 #if PTHREAD_IN_VERBOSE
400 fprintf (stderr, "%lu: 0x%lx: ", _dbus_pid_for_log (), pthread_self ());
402 fprintf (stderr, "%lu: ", _dbus_pid_for_log ());
407 /* Only print pid again if the next line is a new line */
408 len = strlen (format);
409 if (format[len-1] == '\n')
414 va_start (args, format);
415 #ifdef DBUS_USE_OUTPUT_DEBUG_STRING
418 strcpy(buf,module_name);
419 #ifdef DBUS_CPP_SUPPORTS_VARIABLE_MACRO_ARGUMENTS
420 sprintf (buf+strlen(buf), "[%s(%d):%s] ",_dbus_file_path_extract_elements_from_tail(file,2),line,function);
422 vsprintf (buf+strlen(buf),format, args);
424 OutputDebugStringA(buf);
427 #ifdef DBUS_CPP_SUPPORTS_VARIABLE_MACRO_ARGUMENTS
428 fprintf (stderr, "[%s(%d):%s] ",_dbus_file_path_extract_elements_from_tail(file,2),line,function);
431 vfprintf (stderr, format, args);
439 * Reinitializes the verbose logging code, used
440 * as a hack in dbus-spawn.c so that a child
441 * process re-reads its pid
445 _dbus_verbose_reset_real (void)
447 verbose_initted = FALSE;
451 _dbus_trace_ref (const char *obj_name,
459 _dbus_assert (obj_name != NULL);
460 _dbus_assert (obj != NULL);
461 _dbus_assert (old_refcount >= -1);
462 _dbus_assert (new_refcount >= -1);
464 if (old_refcount == -1)
466 _dbus_assert (new_refcount == -1);
470 _dbus_assert (new_refcount >= 0);
471 _dbus_assert (old_refcount >= 0);
472 _dbus_assert (old_refcount > 0 || new_refcount > 0);
475 _dbus_assert (why != NULL);
476 _dbus_assert (env_var != NULL);
477 _dbus_assert (enabled != NULL);
481 const char *s = _dbus_getenv (env_var);
492 _dbus_warn ("%s should be 0 or 1 if set, not '%s'", env_var, s);
498 if (old_refcount == -1)
500 VALGRIND_PRINTF_BACKTRACE ("%s %p ref stolen (%s)",
502 _dbus_verbose ("%s %p ref stolen (%s)",
507 VALGRIND_PRINTF_BACKTRACE ("%s %p %d -> %d refs (%s)",
509 old_refcount, new_refcount, why);
510 _dbus_verbose ("%s %p %d -> %d refs (%s)",
511 obj_name, obj, old_refcount, new_refcount, why);
516 #endif /* DBUS_ENABLE_VERBOSE_MODE */
519 * Duplicates a string. Result must be freed with
520 * dbus_free(). Returns #NULL if memory allocation fails.
521 * If the string to be duplicated is #NULL, returns #NULL.
523 * @param str string to duplicate.
524 * @returns newly-allocated copy.
527 _dbus_strdup (const char *str)
537 copy = dbus_malloc (len + 1);
541 memcpy (copy, str, len + 1);
547 * Duplicates a block of memory. Returns
550 * @param mem memory to copy
551 * @param n_bytes number of bytes to copy
555 _dbus_memdup (const void *mem,
560 copy = dbus_malloc (n_bytes);
564 memcpy (copy, mem, n_bytes);
570 * Duplicates a string array. Result may be freed with
571 * dbus_free_string_array(). Returns #NULL if memory allocation fails.
572 * If the array to be duplicated is #NULL, returns #NULL.
574 * @param array array to duplicate.
575 * @returns newly-allocated copy.
578 _dbus_dup_string_array (const char **array)
587 for (len = 0; array[len] != NULL; ++len)
590 copy = dbus_new0 (char*, len + 1);
597 copy[i] = _dbus_strdup (array[i]);
600 dbus_free_string_array (copy);
611 * Checks whether a string array contains the given string.
613 * @param array array to search.
614 * @param str string to look for
615 * @returns #TRUE if array contains string
618 _dbus_string_array_contains (const char **array,
624 while (array[i] != NULL)
626 if (strcmp (array[i], str) == 0)
635 * Generates a new UUID. If you change how this is done,
636 * there's some text about it in the spec that should also change.
638 * @param uuid the uuid to initialize
641 _dbus_generate_uuid (DBusGUID *uuid)
645 /* don't use monotonic time because the UUID may be saved to disk, e.g.
646 * it may persist across reboots
648 _dbus_get_real_time (&now, NULL);
650 uuid->as_uint32s[DBUS_UUID_LENGTH_WORDS - 1] = DBUS_UINT32_TO_BE (now);
652 _dbus_generate_random_bytes_buffer (uuid->as_bytes, DBUS_UUID_LENGTH_BYTES - 4);
658 * @param uuid the uuid
659 * @param encoded string to append hex uuid to
660 * @returns #FALSE if no memory
663 _dbus_uuid_encode (const DBusGUID *uuid,
667 _dbus_string_init_const_len (&binary, uuid->as_bytes, DBUS_UUID_LENGTH_BYTES);
668 return _dbus_string_hex_encode (&binary, 0, encoded, _dbus_string_get_length (encoded));
672 _dbus_read_uuid_file_without_creating (const DBusString *filename,
680 if (!_dbus_string_init (&contents))
682 _DBUS_SET_OOM (error);
686 if (!_dbus_string_init (&decoded))
688 _dbus_string_free (&contents);
689 _DBUS_SET_OOM (error);
693 if (!_dbus_file_get_contents (&contents, filename, error))
696 _dbus_string_chop_white (&contents);
698 if (_dbus_string_get_length (&contents) != DBUS_UUID_LENGTH_HEX)
700 dbus_set_error (error, DBUS_ERROR_INVALID_FILE_CONTENT,
701 "UUID file '%s' should contain a hex string of length %d, not length %d, with no other text",
702 _dbus_string_get_const_data (filename),
703 DBUS_UUID_LENGTH_HEX,
704 _dbus_string_get_length (&contents));
708 if (!_dbus_string_hex_decode (&contents, 0, &end, &decoded, 0))
710 _DBUS_SET_OOM (error);
716 dbus_set_error (error, DBUS_ERROR_INVALID_FILE_CONTENT,
717 "UUID file '%s' contains invalid hex data",
718 _dbus_string_get_const_data (filename));
722 if (_dbus_string_get_length (&decoded) != DBUS_UUID_LENGTH_BYTES)
724 dbus_set_error (error, DBUS_ERROR_INVALID_FILE_CONTENT,
725 "UUID file '%s' contains %d bytes of hex-encoded data instead of %d",
726 _dbus_string_get_const_data (filename),
727 _dbus_string_get_length (&decoded),
728 DBUS_UUID_LENGTH_BYTES);
732 _dbus_string_copy_to_buffer (&decoded, uuid->as_bytes, DBUS_UUID_LENGTH_BYTES);
734 _dbus_string_free (&decoded);
735 _dbus_string_free (&contents);
737 _DBUS_ASSERT_ERROR_IS_CLEAR (error);
742 _DBUS_ASSERT_ERROR_IS_SET (error);
743 _dbus_string_free (&contents);
744 _dbus_string_free (&decoded);
749 _dbus_create_uuid_file_exclusively (const DBusString *filename,
755 if (!_dbus_string_init (&encoded))
757 _DBUS_SET_OOM (error);
761 _dbus_generate_uuid (uuid);
763 if (!_dbus_uuid_encode (uuid, &encoded))
765 _DBUS_SET_OOM (error);
769 if (!_dbus_string_append_byte (&encoded, '\n'))
771 _DBUS_SET_OOM (error);
775 if (!_dbus_string_save_to_file (&encoded, filename, TRUE, error))
778 _dbus_string_free (&encoded);
780 _DBUS_ASSERT_ERROR_IS_CLEAR (error);
784 _DBUS_ASSERT_ERROR_IS_SET (error);
785 _dbus_string_free (&encoded);
790 * Reads (and optionally writes) a uuid to a file. Initializes the uuid
791 * unless an error is returned.
793 * @param filename the name of the file
794 * @param uuid uuid to be initialized with the loaded uuid
795 * @param create_if_not_found #TRUE to create a new uuid and save it if the file doesn't exist
796 * @param error the error return
797 * @returns #FALSE if the error is set
800 _dbus_read_uuid_file (const DBusString *filename,
802 dbus_bool_t create_if_not_found,
805 DBusError read_error = DBUS_ERROR_INIT;
807 if (_dbus_read_uuid_file_without_creating (filename, uuid, &read_error))
810 if (!create_if_not_found)
812 dbus_move_error (&read_error, error);
816 /* If the file exists and contains junk, we want to keep that error
817 * message instead of overwriting it with a "file exists" error
818 * message when we try to write
820 if (dbus_error_has_name (&read_error, DBUS_ERROR_INVALID_FILE_CONTENT))
822 dbus_move_error (&read_error, error);
827 dbus_error_free (&read_error);
828 return _dbus_create_uuid_file_exclusively (filename, uuid, error);
832 /* Protected by _DBUS_LOCK (machine_uuid) */
833 static int machine_uuid_initialized_generation = 0;
834 static DBusGUID machine_uuid;
837 * Gets the hex-encoded UUID of the machine this function is
838 * executed on. This UUID is guaranteed to be the same for a given
839 * machine at least until it next reboots, though it also
840 * makes some effort to be the same forever, it may change if the
841 * machine is reconfigured or its hardware is modified.
843 * @param uuid_str string to append hex-encoded machine uuid to
844 * @returns #FALSE if no memory
847 _dbus_get_local_machine_uuid_encoded (DBusString *uuid_str)
851 if (!_DBUS_LOCK (machine_uuid))
854 if (machine_uuid_initialized_generation != _dbus_current_generation)
856 DBusError error = DBUS_ERROR_INIT;
858 if (!_dbus_read_local_machine_uuid (&machine_uuid, FALSE,
861 #ifndef DBUS_ENABLE_EMBEDDED_TESTS
862 /* For the test suite, we may not be installed so just continue silently
863 * here. But in a production build, we want to be nice and loud about
866 _dbus_warn_check_failed ("D-Bus library appears to be incorrectly set up; failed to read machine uuid: %s\n"
867 "See the manual page for dbus-uuidgen to correct this issue.\n",
871 dbus_error_free (&error);
873 _dbus_generate_uuid (&machine_uuid);
877 ok = _dbus_uuid_encode (&machine_uuid, uuid_str);
879 _DBUS_UNLOCK (machine_uuid);
884 #ifndef DBUS_DISABLE_CHECKS
885 /** String used in _dbus_return_if_fail macro */
886 const char *_dbus_return_if_fail_warning_format =
887 "arguments to %s() were incorrect, assertion \"%s\" failed in file %s line %d.\n"
888 "This is normally a bug in some application using the D-Bus library.\n";
891 #ifndef DBUS_DISABLE_ASSERT
893 * Internals of _dbus_assert(); it's a function
894 * rather than a macro with the inline code so
895 * that the assertion failure blocks don't show up
896 * in test suite coverage, and to shrink code size.
898 * @param condition TRUE if assertion succeeded
899 * @param condition_text condition as a string
900 * @param file file the assertion is in
901 * @param line line the assertion is in
902 * @param func function the assertion is in
905 _dbus_real_assert (dbus_bool_t condition,
906 const char *condition_text,
911 if (_DBUS_UNLIKELY (!condition))
913 _dbus_warn ("%lu: assertion failed \"%s\" file \"%s\" line %d function %s\n",
914 _dbus_pid_for_log (), condition_text, file, line, func);
920 * Internals of _dbus_assert_not_reached(); it's a function
921 * rather than a macro with the inline code so
922 * that the assertion failure blocks don't show up
923 * in test suite coverage, and to shrink code size.
925 * @param explanation what was reached that shouldn't have been
926 * @param file file the assertion is in
927 * @param line line the assertion is in
930 _dbus_real_assert_not_reached (const char *explanation,
934 _dbus_warn ("File \"%s\" line %d process %lu should not have been reached: %s\n",
935 file, line, _dbus_pid_for_log (), explanation);
938 #endif /* DBUS_DISABLE_ASSERT */
940 #ifdef DBUS_ENABLE_EMBEDDED_TESTS
942 run_failing_each_malloc (int n_mallocs,
943 const char *description,
944 DBusTestMemoryFunction func,
947 n_mallocs += 10; /* fudge factor to ensure reallocs etc. are covered */
949 while (n_mallocs >= 0)
951 _dbus_set_fail_alloc_counter (n_mallocs);
953 _dbus_verbose ("\n===\n%s: (will fail malloc %d with %d failures)\n===\n",
954 description, n_mallocs,
955 _dbus_get_fail_alloc_failures ());
957 if (!(* func) (data))
963 _dbus_set_fail_alloc_counter (_DBUS_INT_MAX);
969 * Tests how well the given function responds to out-of-memory
970 * situations. Calls the function repeatedly, failing a different
971 * call to malloc() each time. If the function ever returns #FALSE,
972 * the test fails. The function should return #TRUE whenever something
973 * valid (such as returning an error, or succeeding) occurs, and #FALSE
974 * if it gets confused in some way.
976 * @param description description of the test used in verbose output
977 * @param func function to call
978 * @param data data to pass to function
979 * @returns #TRUE if the function never returns FALSE
982 _dbus_test_oom_handling (const char *description,
983 DBusTestMemoryFunction func,
988 int max_failures_to_try;
991 /* Run once to see about how many mallocs are involved */
993 _dbus_set_fail_alloc_counter (_DBUS_INT_MAX);
995 _dbus_verbose ("Running once to count mallocs\n");
997 if (!(* func) (data))
1000 approx_mallocs = _DBUS_INT_MAX - _dbus_get_fail_alloc_counter ();
1002 _dbus_verbose ("\n=================\n%s: about %d mallocs total\n=================\n",
1003 description, approx_mallocs);
1005 setting = _dbus_getenv ("DBUS_TEST_MALLOC_FAILURES");
1006 if (setting != NULL)
1010 _dbus_string_init_const (&str, setting);
1012 if (!_dbus_string_parse_int (&str, 0, &v, NULL))
1013 _dbus_warn ("couldn't parse '%s' as integer\n", setting);
1014 max_failures_to_try = v;
1018 max_failures_to_try = 4;
1021 i = setting ? max_failures_to_try - 1 : 1;
1022 while (i < max_failures_to_try)
1024 _dbus_set_fail_alloc_failures (i);
1025 if (!run_failing_each_malloc (approx_mallocs, description, func, data))
1030 _dbus_verbose ("\n=================\n%s: all iterations passed\n=================\n",
1035 #endif /* DBUS_ENABLE_EMBEDDED_TESTS */