1 ///////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////
2 // Copyright Christopher Kormanyos 2002 - 2013.
3 // Copyright 2011 -2013 John Maddock. Distributed under the Boost
4 // Software License, Version 1.0. (See accompanying file
5 // LICENSE_1_0.txt or copy at http://www.boost.org/LICENSE_1_0.txt)
7 // This work is based on an earlier work:
8 // "Algorithm 910: A Portable C++ Multiple-Precision System for Special-Function Calculations",
9 // in ACM TOMS, {VOL 37, ISSUE 4, (February 2011)} (C) ACM, 2011. http://doi.acm.org/10.1145/1916461.1916469
11 // Note that there are no "noexcept" specifications on the functions in this file: there are too many
12 // calls to lexical_cast (and similar) to easily analyse the code for correctness. So until compilers
13 // can detect noexcept misuse at compile time, the only realistic option is to simply not use it here.
16 #ifndef BOOST_MP_CPP_DEC_FLOAT_BACKEND_HPP
17 #define BOOST_MP_CPP_DEC_FLOAT_BACKEND_HPP
19 #include <boost/config.hpp>
20 #include <boost/cstdint.hpp>
22 #ifndef BOOST_NO_CXX11_HDR_ARRAY
25 #include <boost/array.hpp>
27 #include <boost/cstdint.hpp>
28 #include <boost/functional/hash_fwd.hpp>
29 #include <boost/multiprecision/number.hpp>
30 #include <boost/multiprecision/detail/big_lanczos.hpp>
31 #include <boost/multiprecision/detail/dynamic_array.hpp>
34 // Headers required for Boost.Math integration:
36 #include <boost/math/policies/policy.hpp>
38 // Some includes we need from Boost.Math, since we rely on that library to provide these functions:
40 #include <boost/math/special_functions/asinh.hpp>
41 #include <boost/math/special_functions/acosh.hpp>
42 #include <boost/math/special_functions/atanh.hpp>
43 #include <boost/math/special_functions/cbrt.hpp>
44 #include <boost/math/special_functions/expm1.hpp>
45 #include <boost/math/special_functions/gamma.hpp>
49 #pragma warning(disable : 6326) // comparison of two constants
53 namespace multiprecision {
56 template <unsigned Digits10, class ExponentType = boost::int32_t, class Allocator = void>
59 } // namespace backends
61 template <unsigned Digits10, class ExponentType, class Allocator>
62 struct number_category<backends::cpp_dec_float<Digits10, ExponentType, Allocator> > : public mpl::int_<number_kind_floating_point>
67 template <unsigned Digits10, class ExponentType, class Allocator>
71 static const boost::int32_t cpp_dec_float_digits10_setting = Digits10;
73 // We need at least 16-bits in the exponent type to do anything sensible:
74 BOOST_STATIC_ASSERT_MSG(boost::is_signed<ExponentType>::value, "ExponentType must be a signed built in integer type.");
75 BOOST_STATIC_ASSERT_MSG(sizeof(ExponentType) > 1, "ExponentType is too small.");
78 typedef mpl::list<boost::long_long_type> signed_types;
79 typedef mpl::list<boost::ulong_long_type> unsigned_types;
80 typedef mpl::list<long double> float_types;
81 typedef ExponentType exponent_type;
83 static const boost::int32_t cpp_dec_float_radix = 10L;
84 static const boost::int32_t cpp_dec_float_digits10_limit_lo = 9L;
85 static const boost::int32_t cpp_dec_float_digits10_limit_hi = boost::integer_traits<boost::int32_t>::const_max - 100;
86 static const boost::int32_t cpp_dec_float_digits10 = ((cpp_dec_float_digits10_setting < cpp_dec_float_digits10_limit_lo) ? cpp_dec_float_digits10_limit_lo : ((cpp_dec_float_digits10_setting > cpp_dec_float_digits10_limit_hi) ? cpp_dec_float_digits10_limit_hi : cpp_dec_float_digits10_setting));
87 static const ExponentType cpp_dec_float_max_exp10 = (static_cast<ExponentType>(1) << (std::numeric_limits<ExponentType>::digits - 5));
88 static const ExponentType cpp_dec_float_min_exp10 = -cpp_dec_float_max_exp10;
89 static const ExponentType cpp_dec_float_max_exp = cpp_dec_float_max_exp10;
90 static const ExponentType cpp_dec_float_min_exp = cpp_dec_float_min_exp10;
92 BOOST_STATIC_ASSERT((cpp_dec_float<Digits10, ExponentType, Allocator>::cpp_dec_float_max_exp10 == -cpp_dec_float<Digits10, ExponentType, Allocator>::cpp_dec_float_min_exp10));
95 static const boost::int32_t cpp_dec_float_elem_digits10 = 8L;
96 static const boost::int32_t cpp_dec_float_elem_mask = 100000000L;
98 BOOST_STATIC_ASSERT(0 == cpp_dec_float_max_exp10 % cpp_dec_float_elem_digits10);
100 // There are three guard limbs.
101 // 1) The first limb has 'play' from 1...8 decimal digits.
102 // 2) The last limb also has 'play' from 1...8 decimal digits.
103 // 3) One limb can get lost when justifying after multiply,
104 // as only half of the triangle is multiplied and a carry
105 // from below is missing.
106 static const boost::int32_t cpp_dec_float_elem_number_request = static_cast<boost::int32_t>((cpp_dec_float_digits10 / cpp_dec_float_elem_digits10) + (((cpp_dec_float_digits10 % cpp_dec_float_elem_digits10) != 0) ? 1 : 0));
108 // The number of elements needed (with a minimum of two) plus three added guard limbs.
109 static const boost::int32_t cpp_dec_float_elem_number = static_cast<boost::int32_t>(((cpp_dec_float_elem_number_request < 2L) ? 2L : cpp_dec_float_elem_number_request) + 3L);
112 static const boost::int32_t cpp_dec_float_total_digits10 = static_cast<boost::int32_t>(cpp_dec_float_elem_number * cpp_dec_float_elem_digits10);
115 typedef enum enum_fpclass_type
117 cpp_dec_float_finite,
122 #ifndef BOOST_NO_CXX11_HDR_ARRAY
123 typedef typename mpl::if_<is_void<Allocator>,
124 std::array<boost::uint32_t, cpp_dec_float_elem_number>,
125 detail::dynamic_array<boost::uint32_t, cpp_dec_float_elem_number, Allocator> >::type array_type;
127 typedef typename mpl::if_<is_void<Allocator>,
128 boost::array<boost::uint32_t, cpp_dec_float_elem_number>,
129 detail::dynamic_array<boost::uint32_t, cpp_dec_float_elem_number, Allocator> >::type array_type;
135 fpclass_type fpclass;
136 boost::int32_t prec_elem;
139 // Special values constructor:
141 cpp_dec_float(fpclass_type c) : data(),
142 exp(static_cast<ExponentType>(0)),
145 prec_elem(cpp_dec_float_elem_number) {}
148 // Static data initializer:
154 cpp_dec_float<Digits10, ExponentType, Allocator>::nan();
155 cpp_dec_float<Digits10, ExponentType, Allocator>::inf();
156 (cpp_dec_float<Digits10, ExponentType, Allocator>::min)();
157 (cpp_dec_float<Digits10, ExponentType, Allocator>::max)();
158 cpp_dec_float<Digits10, ExponentType, Allocator>::zero();
159 cpp_dec_float<Digits10, ExponentType, Allocator>::one();
160 cpp_dec_float<Digits10, ExponentType, Allocator>::two();
161 cpp_dec_float<Digits10, ExponentType, Allocator>::half();
162 cpp_dec_float<Digits10, ExponentType, Allocator>::double_min();
163 cpp_dec_float<Digits10, ExponentType, Allocator>::double_max();
164 cpp_dec_float<Digits10, ExponentType, Allocator>::long_double_max();
165 cpp_dec_float<Digits10, ExponentType, Allocator>::long_double_min();
166 cpp_dec_float<Digits10, ExponentType, Allocator>::long_long_max();
167 cpp_dec_float<Digits10, ExponentType, Allocator>::long_long_min();
168 cpp_dec_float<Digits10, ExponentType, Allocator>::ulong_long_max();
169 cpp_dec_float<Digits10, ExponentType, Allocator>::eps();
170 cpp_dec_float<Digits10, ExponentType, Allocator>::pow2(0);
175 static initializer init;
179 cpp_dec_float() BOOST_MP_NOEXCEPT_IF(noexcept(array_type())) : data(),
180 exp(static_cast<ExponentType>(0)),
182 fpclass(cpp_dec_float_finite),
183 prec_elem(cpp_dec_float_elem_number) {}
185 cpp_dec_float(const char* s) : data(),
186 exp(static_cast<ExponentType>(0)),
188 fpclass(cpp_dec_float_finite),
189 prec_elem(cpp_dec_float_elem_number)
195 cpp_dec_float(I i, typename enable_if<is_unsigned<I> >::type* = 0) : data(),
196 exp(static_cast<ExponentType>(0)),
198 fpclass(cpp_dec_float_finite),
199 prec_elem(cpp_dec_float_elem_number)
201 from_unsigned_long_long(i);
205 cpp_dec_float(I i, typename enable_if<is_signed<I> >::type* = 0) : data(),
206 exp(static_cast<ExponentType>(0)),
208 fpclass(cpp_dec_float_finite),
209 prec_elem(cpp_dec_float_elem_number)
213 from_unsigned_long_long(boost::multiprecision::detail::unsigned_abs(i));
217 from_unsigned_long_long(i);
220 cpp_dec_float(const cpp_dec_float& f) BOOST_MP_NOEXCEPT_IF(noexcept(array_type(std::declval<const array_type&>()))) : data(f.data),
224 prec_elem(f.prec_elem) {}
226 template <unsigned D, class ET, class A>
227 cpp_dec_float(const cpp_dec_float<D, ET, A>& f, typename enable_if_c<D <= Digits10>::type* = 0) : data(),
230 fpclass(static_cast<fpclass_type>(static_cast<int>(f.fpclass))),
231 prec_elem(cpp_dec_float_elem_number)
233 std::copy(f.data.begin(), f.data.begin() + f.prec_elem, data.begin());
235 template <unsigned D, class ET, class A>
236 explicit cpp_dec_float(const cpp_dec_float<D, ET, A>& f, typename disable_if_c<D <= Digits10>::type* = 0) : data(),
239 fpclass(static_cast<fpclass_type>(static_cast<int>(f.fpclass))),
240 prec_elem(cpp_dec_float_elem_number)
242 // TODO: this doesn't round!
243 std::copy(f.data.begin(), f.data.begin() + prec_elem, data.begin());
247 cpp_dec_float(const F val, typename enable_if_c<is_floating_point<F>::value
248 #ifdef BOOST_HAS_FLOAT128
249 && !boost::is_same<F, __float128>::value
251 >::type* = 0) : data(),
252 exp(static_cast<ExponentType>(0)),
254 fpclass(cpp_dec_float_finite),
255 prec_elem(cpp_dec_float_elem_number)
260 cpp_dec_float(const double mantissa, const ExponentType exponent);
262 std::size_t hash() const
264 std::size_t result = 0;
265 for (int i = 0; i < prec_elem; ++i)
266 boost::hash_combine(result, data[i]);
267 boost::hash_combine(result, exp);
268 boost::hash_combine(result, neg);
269 boost::hash_combine(result, fpclass);
273 // Specific special values.
274 static const cpp_dec_float& nan()
276 static const cpp_dec_float val(cpp_dec_float_NaN);
281 static const cpp_dec_float& inf()
283 static const cpp_dec_float val(cpp_dec_float_inf);
288 static const cpp_dec_float&(max)()
291 static cpp_dec_float val_max = std::string("1.0e" + boost::lexical_cast<std::string>(cpp_dec_float_max_exp10)).c_str();
295 static const cpp_dec_float&(min)()
298 static cpp_dec_float val_min = std::string("1.0e" + boost::lexical_cast<std::string>(cpp_dec_float_min_exp10)).c_str();
302 static const cpp_dec_float& zero()
305 static cpp_dec_float val(static_cast<boost::ulong_long_type>(0u));
309 static const cpp_dec_float& one()
312 static cpp_dec_float val(static_cast<boost::ulong_long_type>(1u));
316 static const cpp_dec_float& two()
319 static cpp_dec_float val(static_cast<boost::ulong_long_type>(2u));
323 static const cpp_dec_float& half()
326 static cpp_dec_float val(0.5L);
330 static const cpp_dec_float& double_min()
333 static cpp_dec_float val(static_cast<long double>((std::numeric_limits<double>::min)()));
337 static const cpp_dec_float& double_max()
340 static cpp_dec_float val(static_cast<long double>((std::numeric_limits<double>::max)()));
344 static const cpp_dec_float& long_double_min()
347 #ifdef BOOST_MATH_NO_LONG_DOUBLE_MATH_FUNCTIONS
348 static cpp_dec_float val(static_cast<long double>((std::numeric_limits<double>::min)()));
350 static cpp_dec_float val((std::numeric_limits<long double>::min)());
355 static const cpp_dec_float& long_double_max()
358 #ifdef BOOST_MATH_NO_LONG_DOUBLE_MATH_FUNCTIONS
359 static cpp_dec_float val(static_cast<long double>((std::numeric_limits<double>::max)()));
361 static cpp_dec_float val((std::numeric_limits<long double>::max)());
366 static const cpp_dec_float& long_long_max()
369 static cpp_dec_float val((std::numeric_limits<boost::long_long_type>::max)());
373 static const cpp_dec_float& long_long_min()
376 static cpp_dec_float val((std::numeric_limits<boost::long_long_type>::min)());
380 static const cpp_dec_float& ulong_long_max()
383 static cpp_dec_float val((std::numeric_limits<boost::ulong_long_type>::max)());
387 static const cpp_dec_float& eps()
390 static cpp_dec_float val(1.0, 1 - static_cast<int>(cpp_dec_float_digits10));
395 cpp_dec_float& operator=(const cpp_dec_float& v) BOOST_MP_NOEXCEPT_IF(noexcept(std::declval<array_type&>() = std::declval<const array_type&>()))
401 prec_elem = v.prec_elem;
405 template <unsigned D>
406 cpp_dec_float& operator=(const cpp_dec_float<D>& f)
410 fpclass = static_cast<enum_fpclass_type>(static_cast<int>(f.fpclass));
411 unsigned elems = (std::min)(f.prec_elem, cpp_dec_float_elem_number);
412 std::copy(f.data.begin(), f.data.begin() + elems, data.begin());
413 std::fill(data.begin() + elems, data.end(), 0);
414 prec_elem = cpp_dec_float_elem_number;
418 cpp_dec_float& operator=(boost::long_long_type v)
422 from_unsigned_long_long(1u - boost::ulong_long_type(v + 1)); // Avoid undefined behaviour in negation of minimum value for long long
426 from_unsigned_long_long(v);
430 cpp_dec_float& operator=(boost::ulong_long_type v)
432 from_unsigned_long_long(v);
436 cpp_dec_float& operator=(long double v);
438 cpp_dec_float& operator=(const char* v)
444 cpp_dec_float& operator+=(const cpp_dec_float& v);
445 cpp_dec_float& operator-=(const cpp_dec_float& v);
446 cpp_dec_float& operator*=(const cpp_dec_float& v);
447 cpp_dec_float& operator/=(const cpp_dec_float& v);
449 cpp_dec_float& add_unsigned_long_long(const boost::ulong_long_type n)
452 t.from_unsigned_long_long(n);
456 cpp_dec_float& sub_unsigned_long_long(const boost::ulong_long_type n)
459 t.from_unsigned_long_long(n);
463 cpp_dec_float& mul_unsigned_long_long(const boost::ulong_long_type n);
464 cpp_dec_float& div_unsigned_long_long(const boost::ulong_long_type n);
466 // Elementary primitives.
467 cpp_dec_float& calculate_inv();
468 cpp_dec_float& calculate_sqrt();
476 // Comparison functions
477 bool isnan BOOST_PREVENT_MACRO_SUBSTITUTION() const { return (fpclass == cpp_dec_float_NaN); }
478 bool isinf BOOST_PREVENT_MACRO_SUBSTITUTION() const { return (fpclass == cpp_dec_float_inf); }
479 bool isfinite BOOST_PREVENT_MACRO_SUBSTITUTION() const { return (fpclass == cpp_dec_float_finite); }
483 return ((fpclass == cpp_dec_float_finite) && (data[0u] == 0u));
488 bool isneg() const { return neg; }
490 // Operators pre-increment and pre-decrement
491 cpp_dec_float& operator++()
493 return *this += one();
496 cpp_dec_float& operator--()
498 return *this -= one();
501 std::string str(boost::intmax_t digits, std::ios_base::fmtflags f) const;
503 int compare(const cpp_dec_float& v) const;
506 int compare(const V& v) const
508 cpp_dec_float<Digits10, ExponentType, Allocator> t;
513 void swap(cpp_dec_float& v)
516 std::swap(exp, v.exp);
517 std::swap(neg, v.neg);
518 std::swap(fpclass, v.fpclass);
519 std::swap(prec_elem, v.prec_elem);
522 double extract_double() const;
523 long double extract_long_double() const;
524 boost::long_long_type extract_signed_long_long() const;
525 boost::ulong_long_type extract_unsigned_long_long() const;
526 void extract_parts(double& mantissa, ExponentType& exponent) const;
527 cpp_dec_float extract_integer_part() const;
529 void precision(const boost::int32_t prec_digits)
531 if (prec_digits >= cpp_dec_float_total_digits10)
533 prec_elem = cpp_dec_float_elem_number;
537 const boost::int32_t elems = static_cast<boost::int32_t>(static_cast<boost::int32_t>((prec_digits + (cpp_dec_float_elem_digits10 / 2)) / cpp_dec_float_elem_digits10) + static_cast<boost::int32_t>(((prec_digits % cpp_dec_float_elem_digits10) != 0) ? 1 : 0));
539 prec_elem = (std::min)(cpp_dec_float_elem_number, (std::max)(elems, static_cast<boost::int32_t>(2)));
542 static cpp_dec_float pow2(boost::long_long_type i);
543 ExponentType order() const
545 const bool bo_order_is_zero = ((!(isfinite)()) || (data[0] == static_cast<boost::uint32_t>(0u)));
547 // Binary search to find the order of the leading term:
549 ExponentType prefix = 0;
551 if (data[0] >= 100000UL)
553 if (data[0] >= 10000000UL)
555 if (data[0] >= 100000000UL)
557 if (data[0] >= 1000000000UL)
567 if (data[0] >= 1000000UL)
575 if (data[0] >= 1000UL)
577 if (data[0] >= 10000UL)
586 else if (data[0] >= 10)
591 return (bo_order_is_zero ? static_cast<ExponentType>(0) : static_cast<ExponentType>(exp + prefix));
594 template <class Archive>
595 void serialize(Archive& ar, const unsigned int /*version*/)
597 for (unsigned i = 0; i < data.size(); ++i)
598 ar& boost::make_nvp("digit", data[i]);
599 ar& boost::make_nvp("exponent", exp);
600 ar& boost::make_nvp("sign", neg);
601 ar& boost::make_nvp("class-type", fpclass);
602 ar& boost::make_nvp("precision", prec_elem);
606 static bool data_elem_is_non_zero_predicate(const boost::uint32_t& d) { return (d != static_cast<boost::uint32_t>(0u)); }
607 static bool data_elem_is_non_nine_predicate(const boost::uint32_t& d) { return (d != static_cast<boost::uint32_t>(cpp_dec_float::cpp_dec_float_elem_mask - 1)); }
608 static bool char_is_nonzero_predicate(const char& c) { return (c != static_cast<char>('0')); }
610 void from_unsigned_long_long(const boost::ulong_long_type u);
612 int cmp_data(const array_type& vd) const;
614 static boost::uint32_t mul_loop_uv(boost::uint32_t* const u, const boost::uint32_t* const v, const boost::int32_t p);
615 static boost::uint32_t mul_loop_n(boost::uint32_t* const u, boost::uint32_t n, const boost::int32_t p);
616 static boost::uint32_t div_loop_n(boost::uint32_t* const u, boost::uint32_t n, const boost::int32_t p);
618 bool rd_string(const char* const s);
620 template <unsigned D, class ET, class A>
621 friend class cpp_dec_float;
624 template <unsigned Digits10, class ExponentType, class Allocator>
625 typename cpp_dec_float<Digits10, ExponentType, Allocator>::initializer cpp_dec_float<Digits10, ExponentType, Allocator>::init;
627 template <unsigned Digits10, class ExponentType, class Allocator>
628 const boost::int32_t cpp_dec_float<Digits10, ExponentType, Allocator>::cpp_dec_float_radix;
629 template <unsigned Digits10, class ExponentType, class Allocator>
630 const boost::int32_t cpp_dec_float<Digits10, ExponentType, Allocator>::cpp_dec_float_digits10_setting;
631 template <unsigned Digits10, class ExponentType, class Allocator>
632 const boost::int32_t cpp_dec_float<Digits10, ExponentType, Allocator>::cpp_dec_float_digits10_limit_lo;
633 template <unsigned Digits10, class ExponentType, class Allocator>
634 const boost::int32_t cpp_dec_float<Digits10, ExponentType, Allocator>::cpp_dec_float_digits10_limit_hi;
635 template <unsigned Digits10, class ExponentType, class Allocator>
636 const boost::int32_t cpp_dec_float<Digits10, ExponentType, Allocator>::cpp_dec_float_digits10;
637 template <unsigned Digits10, class ExponentType, class Allocator>
638 const ExponentType cpp_dec_float<Digits10, ExponentType, Allocator>::cpp_dec_float_max_exp;
639 template <unsigned Digits10, class ExponentType, class Allocator>
640 const ExponentType cpp_dec_float<Digits10, ExponentType, Allocator>::cpp_dec_float_min_exp;
641 template <unsigned Digits10, class ExponentType, class Allocator>
642 const ExponentType cpp_dec_float<Digits10, ExponentType, Allocator>::cpp_dec_float_max_exp10;
643 template <unsigned Digits10, class ExponentType, class Allocator>
644 const ExponentType cpp_dec_float<Digits10, ExponentType, Allocator>::cpp_dec_float_min_exp10;
645 template <unsigned Digits10, class ExponentType, class Allocator>
646 const boost::int32_t cpp_dec_float<Digits10, ExponentType, Allocator>::cpp_dec_float_elem_digits10;
647 template <unsigned Digits10, class ExponentType, class Allocator>
648 const boost::int32_t cpp_dec_float<Digits10, ExponentType, Allocator>::cpp_dec_float_elem_number_request;
649 template <unsigned Digits10, class ExponentType, class Allocator>
650 const boost::int32_t cpp_dec_float<Digits10, ExponentType, Allocator>::cpp_dec_float_elem_number;
651 template <unsigned Digits10, class ExponentType, class Allocator>
652 const boost::int32_t cpp_dec_float<Digits10, ExponentType, Allocator>::cpp_dec_float_elem_mask;
654 template <unsigned Digits10, class ExponentType, class Allocator>
655 cpp_dec_float<Digits10, ExponentType, Allocator>& cpp_dec_float<Digits10, ExponentType, Allocator>::operator+=(const cpp_dec_float<Digits10, ExponentType, Allocator>& v)
664 if ((v.isinf)() && (isneg() != v.isneg()))
676 if ((v.isnan)() || (v.isinf)())
682 // Get the offset for the add/sub operation.
683 static const ExponentType max_delta_exp = static_cast<ExponentType>((cpp_dec_float_elem_number - 1) * cpp_dec_float_elem_digits10);
685 const ExponentType ofs_exp = static_cast<ExponentType>(exp - v.exp);
687 // Check if the operation is out of range, requiring special handling.
688 if (v.iszero() || (ofs_exp > max_delta_exp))
690 // Result is *this unchanged since v is negligible compared to *this.
693 else if (ofs_exp < -max_delta_exp)
695 // Result is *this = v since *this is negligible compared to v.
699 // Do the add/sub operation.
701 typename array_type::iterator p_u = data.begin();
702 typename array_type::const_iterator p_v = v.data.begin();
704 const boost::int32_t ofs = static_cast<boost::int32_t>(static_cast<boost::int32_t>(ofs_exp) / cpp_dec_float_elem_digits10);
709 // Add v to *this, where the data array of either *this or v
710 // might have to be treated with a positive, negative or zero offset.
711 // The result is stored in *this. The data are added one element
712 // at a time, each element with carry.
713 if (ofs >= static_cast<boost::int32_t>(0))
715 std::copy(v.data.begin(), v.data.end() - static_cast<size_t>(ofs), n_data.begin() + static_cast<size_t>(ofs));
716 std::fill(n_data.begin(), n_data.begin() + static_cast<size_t>(ofs), static_cast<boost::uint32_t>(0u));
717 p_v = n_data.begin();
721 std::copy(data.begin(), data.end() - static_cast<size_t>(-ofs), n_data.begin() + static_cast<size_t>(-ofs));
722 std::fill(n_data.begin(), n_data.begin() + static_cast<size_t>(-ofs), static_cast<boost::uint32_t>(0u));
723 p_u = n_data.begin();
727 // Addition algorithm
728 boost::uint32_t carry = static_cast<boost::uint32_t>(0u);
730 for (boost::int32_t j = static_cast<boost::int32_t>(cpp_dec_float_elem_number - static_cast<boost::int32_t>(1)); j >= static_cast<boost::int32_t>(0); j--)
732 boost::uint32_t t = static_cast<boost::uint32_t>(static_cast<boost::uint32_t>(p_u[j] + p_v[j]) + carry);
733 carry = t / static_cast<boost::uint32_t>(cpp_dec_float_elem_mask);
734 p_u[j] = static_cast<boost::uint32_t>(t - static_cast<boost::uint32_t>(carry * static_cast<boost::uint32_t>(cpp_dec_float_elem_mask)));
743 // There needs to be a carry into the element -1 of the array data
744 if (carry != static_cast<boost::uint32_t>(0u))
746 std::copy_backward(data.begin(), data.end() - static_cast<std::size_t>(1u), data.end());
748 exp += static_cast<ExponentType>(cpp_dec_float_elem_digits10);
753 // Subtract v from *this, where the data array of either *this or v
754 // might have to be treated with a positive, negative or zero offset.
755 if ((ofs > static_cast<boost::int32_t>(0)) || ((ofs == static_cast<boost::int32_t>(0)) && (cmp_data(v.data) > static_cast<boost::int32_t>(0))))
757 // In this case, |u| > |v| and ofs is positive.
758 // Copy the data of v, shifted down to a lower value
759 // into the data array m_n. Set the operand pointer p_v
760 // to point to the copied, shifted data m_n.
761 std::copy(v.data.begin(), v.data.end() - static_cast<size_t>(ofs), n_data.begin() + static_cast<size_t>(ofs));
762 std::fill(n_data.begin(), n_data.begin() + static_cast<size_t>(ofs), static_cast<boost::uint32_t>(0u));
763 p_v = n_data.begin();
767 if (ofs != static_cast<boost::int32_t>(0))
769 // In this case, |u| < |v| and ofs is negative.
770 // Shift the data of u down to a lower value.
771 std::copy_backward(data.begin(), data.end() - static_cast<size_t>(-ofs), data.end());
772 std::fill(data.begin(), data.begin() + static_cast<size_t>(-ofs), static_cast<boost::uint32_t>(0u));
775 // Copy the data of v into the data array n_data.
776 // Set the u-pointer p_u to point to m_n and the
777 // operand pointer p_v to point to the shifted
780 p_u = n_data.begin();
787 // Subtraction algorithm
788 boost::int32_t borrow = static_cast<boost::int32_t>(0);
790 for (j = static_cast<boost::int32_t>(cpp_dec_float_elem_number - static_cast<boost::int32_t>(1)); j >= static_cast<boost::int32_t>(0); j--)
792 boost::int32_t t = static_cast<boost::int32_t>(static_cast<boost::int32_t>(static_cast<boost::int32_t>(p_u[j]) - static_cast<boost::int32_t>(p_v[j])) - borrow);
794 // Underflow? Borrow?
795 if (t < static_cast<boost::int32_t>(0))
797 // Yes, underflow and borrow
798 t += static_cast<boost::int32_t>(cpp_dec_float_elem_mask);
799 borrow = static_cast<boost::int32_t>(1);
803 borrow = static_cast<boost::int32_t>(0);
806 p_u[j] = static_cast<boost::uint32_t>(static_cast<boost::uint32_t>(t) % static_cast<boost::uint32_t>(cpp_dec_float_elem_mask));
816 // Is it necessary to justify the data?
817 const typename array_type::const_iterator first_nonzero_elem = std::find_if(data.begin(), data.end(), data_elem_is_non_zero_predicate);
819 if (first_nonzero_elem != data.begin())
821 if (first_nonzero_elem == data.end())
823 // This result of the subtraction is exactly zero.
824 // Reset the sign and the exponent.
826 exp = static_cast<ExponentType>(0);
831 const std::size_t sj = static_cast<std::size_t>(std::distance<typename array_type::const_iterator>(data.begin(), first_nonzero_elem));
833 std::copy(data.begin() + static_cast<std::size_t>(sj), data.end(), data.begin());
834 std::fill(data.end() - sj, data.end(), static_cast<boost::uint32_t>(0u));
836 exp -= static_cast<ExponentType>(sj * static_cast<std::size_t>(cpp_dec_float_elem_digits10));
843 return (*this = zero());
845 // Check for potential overflow.
846 const bool b_result_might_overflow = (exp >= static_cast<ExponentType>(cpp_dec_float_max_exp10));
849 if (b_result_might_overflow)
851 const bool b_result_is_neg = neg;
854 if (compare((cpp_dec_float::max)()) > 0)
857 neg = b_result_is_neg;
863 template <unsigned Digits10, class ExponentType, class Allocator>
864 cpp_dec_float<Digits10, ExponentType, Allocator>& cpp_dec_float<Digits10, ExponentType, Allocator>::operator-=(const cpp_dec_float<Digits10, ExponentType, Allocator>& v)
866 // Use *this - v = -(-*this + v).
873 template <unsigned Digits10, class ExponentType, class Allocator>
874 cpp_dec_float<Digits10, ExponentType, Allocator>& cpp_dec_float<Digits10, ExponentType, Allocator>::operator*=(const cpp_dec_float<Digits10, ExponentType, Allocator>& v)
876 // Evaluate the sign of the result.
877 const bool b_result_is_neg = (neg != v.neg);
879 // Artificially set the sign of the result to be positive.
882 // Handle special cases like zero, inf and NaN.
883 const bool b_u_is_inf = (isinf)();
884 const bool b_v_is_inf = (v.isinf)();
885 const bool b_u_is_zero = iszero();
886 const bool b_v_is_zero = v.iszero();
888 if (((isnan)() || (v.isnan)()) || (b_u_is_inf && b_v_is_zero) || (b_v_is_inf && b_u_is_zero))
894 if (b_u_is_inf || b_v_is_inf)
902 if (b_u_is_zero || b_v_is_zero)
904 return *this = zero();
907 // Check for potential overflow or underflow.
908 const bool b_result_might_overflow = ((exp + v.exp) >= static_cast<ExponentType>(cpp_dec_float_max_exp10));
909 const bool b_result_might_underflow = ((exp + v.exp) <= static_cast<ExponentType>(cpp_dec_float_min_exp10));
911 // Set the exponent of the result.
914 const boost::int32_t prec_mul = (std::min)(prec_elem, v.prec_elem);
916 const boost::uint32_t carry = mul_loop_uv(data.data(), v.data.data(), prec_mul);
918 // Handle a potential carry.
919 if (carry != static_cast<boost::uint32_t>(0u))
921 exp += cpp_dec_float_elem_digits10;
923 // Shift the result of the multiplication one element to the right...
924 std::copy_backward(data.begin(),
925 data.begin() + static_cast<std::size_t>(prec_elem - static_cast<boost::int32_t>(1)),
926 data.begin() + static_cast<std::size_t>(prec_elem));
928 // ... And insert the carry.
929 data.front() = carry;
933 if (b_result_might_overflow && (compare((cpp_dec_float::max)()) > 0))
939 if (b_result_might_underflow && (compare((cpp_dec_float::min)()) < 0))
946 // Set the sign of the result.
947 neg = b_result_is_neg;
952 template <unsigned Digits10, class ExponentType, class Allocator>
953 cpp_dec_float<Digits10, ExponentType, Allocator>& cpp_dec_float<Digits10, ExponentType, Allocator>::operator/=(const cpp_dec_float<Digits10, ExponentType, Allocator>& v)
963 return *this = nan();
967 const bool u_and_v_are_finite_and_identical = ((isfinite)() && (fpclass == v.fpclass) && (exp == v.exp) && (cmp_data(v.data) == static_cast<boost::int32_t>(0)));
969 if (u_and_v_are_finite_and_identical)
984 return operator*=(t);
988 template <unsigned Digits10, class ExponentType, class Allocator>
989 cpp_dec_float<Digits10, ExponentType, Allocator>& cpp_dec_float<Digits10, ExponentType, Allocator>::mul_unsigned_long_long(const boost::ulong_long_type n)
991 // Multiply *this with a constant boost::ulong_long_type.
993 // Evaluate the sign of the result.
994 const bool b_neg = neg;
996 // Artificially set the sign of the result to be positive.
999 // Handle special cases like zero, inf and NaN.
1000 const bool b_u_is_inf = (isinf)();
1001 const bool b_n_is_zero = (n == static_cast<boost::int32_t>(0));
1003 if ((isnan)() || (b_u_is_inf && b_n_is_zero))
1005 return (*this = nan());
1016 if (iszero() || b_n_is_zero)
1018 // Multiplication by zero.
1019 return *this = zero();
1022 if (n >= static_cast<boost::ulong_long_type>(cpp_dec_float_elem_mask))
1027 return operator*=(t);
1030 if (n == static_cast<boost::ulong_long_type>(1u))
1036 // Set up the multiplication loop.
1037 const boost::uint32_t nn = static_cast<boost::uint32_t>(n);
1038 const boost::uint32_t carry = mul_loop_n(data.data(), nn, prec_elem);
1040 // Handle the carry and adjust the exponent.
1041 if (carry != static_cast<boost::uint32_t>(0u))
1043 exp += static_cast<ExponentType>(cpp_dec_float_elem_digits10);
1045 // Shift the result of the multiplication one element to the right.
1046 std::copy_backward(data.begin(),
1047 data.begin() + static_cast<std::size_t>(prec_elem - static_cast<boost::int32_t>(1)),
1048 data.begin() + static_cast<std::size_t>(prec_elem));
1050 data.front() = static_cast<boost::uint32_t>(carry);
1053 // Check for potential overflow.
1054 const bool b_result_might_overflow = (exp >= cpp_dec_float_max_exp10);
1057 if (b_result_might_overflow && (compare((cpp_dec_float::max)()) > 0))
1068 template <unsigned Digits10, class ExponentType, class Allocator>
1069 cpp_dec_float<Digits10, ExponentType, Allocator>& cpp_dec_float<Digits10, ExponentType, Allocator>::div_unsigned_long_long(const boost::ulong_long_type n)
1071 // Divide *this by a constant boost::ulong_long_type.
1073 // Evaluate the sign of the result.
1074 const bool b_neg = neg;
1076 // Artificially set the sign of the result to be positive.
1079 // Handle special cases like zero, inf and NaN.
1093 if (n == static_cast<boost::ulong_long_type>(0u))
1115 if (n >= static_cast<boost::ulong_long_type>(cpp_dec_float_elem_mask))
1120 return operator/=(t);
1123 const boost::uint32_t nn = static_cast<boost::uint32_t>(n);
1125 if (nn > static_cast<boost::uint32_t>(1u))
1127 // Do the division loop.
1128 const boost::uint32_t prev = div_loop_n(data.data(), nn, prec_elem);
1130 // Determine if one leading zero is in the result data.
1131 if (data[0] == static_cast<boost::uint32_t>(0u))
1133 // Adjust the exponent
1134 exp -= static_cast<ExponentType>(cpp_dec_float_elem_digits10);
1136 // Shift result of the division one element to the left.
1137 std::copy(data.begin() + static_cast<std::size_t>(1u),
1138 data.begin() + static_cast<std::size_t>(prec_elem - static_cast<boost::int32_t>(1)),
1141 data[prec_elem - static_cast<boost::int32_t>(1)] = static_cast<boost::uint32_t>(static_cast<boost::uint64_t>(prev * static_cast<boost::uint64_t>(cpp_dec_float_elem_mask)) / nn);
1145 // Check for potential underflow.
1146 const bool b_result_might_underflow = (exp <= cpp_dec_float_min_exp10);
1148 // Handle underflow.
1149 if (b_result_might_underflow && (compare((cpp_dec_float::min)()) < 0))
1150 return (*this = zero());
1152 // Set the sign of the result.
1158 template <unsigned Digits10, class ExponentType, class Allocator>
1159 cpp_dec_float<Digits10, ExponentType, Allocator>& cpp_dec_float<Digits10, ExponentType, Allocator>::calculate_inv()
1161 // Compute the inverse of *this.
1162 const bool b_neg = neg;
1166 // Handle special cases like zero, inf and NaN.
1182 return *this = zero();
1192 // Save the original *this.
1193 cpp_dec_float<Digits10, ExponentType, Allocator> x(*this);
1195 // Generate the initial estimate using division.
1196 // Extract the mantissa and exponent for a "manual"
1197 // computation of the estimate.
1200 x.extract_parts(dd, ne);
1202 // Do the inverse estimate using double precision estimates of mantissa and exponent.
1203 operator=(cpp_dec_float<Digits10, ExponentType, Allocator>(1.0 / dd, -ne));
1205 // Compute the inverse of *this. Quadratically convergent Newton-Raphson iteration
1206 // is used. During the iterative steps, the precision of the calculation is limited
1207 // to the minimum required in order to minimize the run-time.
1209 static const boost::int32_t double_digits10_minus_a_few = std::numeric_limits<double>::digits10 - 3;
1211 for (boost::int32_t digits = double_digits10_minus_a_few; digits <= cpp_dec_float_total_digits10; digits *= static_cast<boost::int32_t>(2))
1213 // Adjust precision of the terms.
1214 precision(static_cast<boost::int32_t>((digits + 10) * static_cast<boost::int32_t>(2)));
1215 x.precision(static_cast<boost::int32_t>((digits + 10) * static_cast<boost::int32_t>(2)));
1218 cpp_dec_float t(*this);
1227 prec_elem = cpp_dec_float_elem_number;
1232 template <unsigned Digits10, class ExponentType, class Allocator>
1233 cpp_dec_float<Digits10, ExponentType, Allocator>& cpp_dec_float<Digits10, ExponentType, Allocator>::calculate_sqrt()
1235 // Compute the square root of *this.
1237 if ((isinf)() && !isneg())
1242 if (isneg() || (!(isfinite)()))
1249 if (iszero() || isone())
1254 // Save the original *this.
1255 cpp_dec_float<Digits10, ExponentType, Allocator> x(*this);
1257 // Generate the initial estimate using division.
1258 // Extract the mantissa and exponent for a "manual"
1259 // computation of the estimate.
1262 extract_parts(dd, ne);
1264 // Force the exponent to be an even multiple of two.
1265 if ((ne % static_cast<ExponentType>(2)) != static_cast<ExponentType>(0))
1271 // Setup the iteration.
1272 // Estimate the square root using simple manipulations.
1273 const double sqd = std::sqrt(dd);
1275 *this = cpp_dec_float<Digits10, ExponentType, Allocator>(sqd, static_cast<ExponentType>(ne / static_cast<ExponentType>(2)));
1277 // Estimate 1.0 / (2.0 * x0) using simple manipulations.
1278 cpp_dec_float<Digits10, ExponentType, Allocator> vi(0.5 / sqd, static_cast<ExponentType>(-ne / static_cast<ExponentType>(2)));
1280 // Compute the square root of x. Coupled Newton iteration
1281 // as described in "Pi Unleashed" is used. During the
1282 // iterative steps, the precision of the calculation is
1283 // limited to the minimum required in order to minimize
1287 // https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-56735-3
1288 // http://www.amazon.com/exec/obidos/tg/detail/-/3540665722/qid=1035535482/sr=8-7/ref=sr_8_7/104-3357872-6059916?v=glance&n=507846
1290 static const boost::uint32_t double_digits10_minus_a_few = std::numeric_limits<double>::digits10 - 3;
1292 for (boost::int32_t digits = double_digits10_minus_a_few; digits <= cpp_dec_float_total_digits10; digits *= 2u)
1294 // Adjust precision of the terms.
1295 precision((digits + 10) * 2);
1296 vi.precision((digits + 10) * 2);
1298 // Next iteration of vi
1299 cpp_dec_float t(*this);
1302 t.mul_unsigned_long_long(2u);
1307 // Next iteration of *this
1316 prec_elem = cpp_dec_float_elem_number;
1321 template <unsigned Digits10, class ExponentType, class Allocator>
1322 int cpp_dec_float<Digits10, ExponentType, Allocator>::cmp_data(const array_type& vd) const
1324 // Compare the data of *this with those of v.
1325 // Return +1 for *this > v
1329 const std::pair<typename array_type::const_iterator, typename array_type::const_iterator> mismatch_pair = std::mismatch(data.begin(), data.end(), vd.begin());
1331 const bool is_equal = ((mismatch_pair.first == data.end()) && (mismatch_pair.second == vd.end()));
1339 return ((*mismatch_pair.first > *mismatch_pair.second) ? 1 : -1);
1343 template <unsigned Digits10, class ExponentType, class Allocator>
1344 int cpp_dec_float<Digits10, ExponentType, Allocator>::compare(const cpp_dec_float& v) const
1346 // Compare v with *this.
1347 // Return +1 for *this > v
1351 // Handle all non-finite cases.
1352 if ((!(isfinite)()) || (!(v.isfinite)()))
1354 // NaN can never equal NaN. Return an implementation-dependent
1355 // signed result. Also note that comparison of NaN with NaN
1356 // using operators greater-than or less-than is undefined.
1357 if ((isnan)() || (v.isnan)())
1359 return ((isnan)() ? 1 : -1);
1362 if ((isinf)() && (v.isinf)())
1364 // Both *this and v are infinite. They are equal if they have the same sign.
1365 // Otherwise, *this is less than v if and only if *this is negative.
1366 return ((neg == v.neg) ? 0 : (neg ? -1 : 1));
1371 // *this is infinite, but v is finite.
1372 // So negative infinite *this is less than any finite v.
1373 // Whereas positive infinite *this is greater than any finite v.
1374 return (isneg() ? -1 : 1);
1378 // *this is finite, and v is infinite.
1379 // So any finite *this is greater than negative infinite v.
1380 // Whereas any finite *this is less than positive infinite v.
1381 return (v.neg ? 1 : -1);
1385 // And now handle all *finite* cases.
1388 // The value of *this is zero and v is either zero or non-zero.
1389 return (v.iszero() ? 0
1390 : (v.neg ? 1 : -1));
1392 else if (v.iszero())
1394 // The value of v is zero and *this is non-zero.
1395 return (neg ? -1 : 1);
1399 // Both *this and v are non-zero.
1403 // The signs are different.
1404 return (neg ? -1 : 1);
1406 else if (exp != v.exp)
1408 // The signs are the same and the exponents are different.
1409 const int val_cexpression = ((exp < v.exp) ? 1 : -1);
1411 return (neg ? val_cexpression : -val_cexpression);
1415 // The signs are the same and the exponents are the same.
1416 // Compare the data.
1417 const int val_cmp_data = cmp_data(v.data);
1419 return ((!neg) ? val_cmp_data : -val_cmp_data);
1424 template <unsigned Digits10, class ExponentType, class Allocator>
1425 bool cpp_dec_float<Digits10, ExponentType, Allocator>::isone() const
1427 // Check if the value of *this is identically 1 or very close to 1.
1429 const bool not_negative_and_is_finite = ((!neg) && (isfinite)());
1431 if (not_negative_and_is_finite)
1433 if ((data[0u] == static_cast<boost::uint32_t>(1u)) && (exp == static_cast<ExponentType>(0)))
1435 const typename array_type::const_iterator it_non_zero = std::find_if(data.begin(), data.end(), data_elem_is_non_zero_predicate);
1436 return (it_non_zero == data.end());
1438 else if ((data[0u] == static_cast<boost::uint32_t>(cpp_dec_float_elem_mask - 1)) && (exp == static_cast<ExponentType>(-cpp_dec_float_elem_digits10)))
1440 const typename array_type::const_iterator it_non_nine = std::find_if(data.begin(), data.end(), data_elem_is_non_nine_predicate);
1441 return (it_non_nine == data.end());
1448 template <unsigned Digits10, class ExponentType, class Allocator>
1449 bool cpp_dec_float<Digits10, ExponentType, Allocator>::isint() const
1451 if (fpclass != cpp_dec_float_finite)
1461 if (exp < static_cast<ExponentType>(0))
1466 const typename array_type::size_type offset_decimal_part = static_cast<typename array_type::size_type>(exp / cpp_dec_float_elem_digits10) + 1u;
1468 if (offset_decimal_part >= static_cast<typename array_type::size_type>(cpp_dec_float_elem_number))
1470 // The number is too large to resolve the integer part.
1471 // It considered to be a pure integer.
1475 typename array_type::const_iterator it_non_zero = std::find_if(data.begin() + offset_decimal_part, data.end(), data_elem_is_non_zero_predicate);
1477 return (it_non_zero == data.end());
1480 template <unsigned Digits10, class ExponentType, class Allocator>
1481 void cpp_dec_float<Digits10, ExponentType, Allocator>::extract_parts(double& mantissa, ExponentType& exponent) const
1483 // Extract the approximate parts mantissa and base-10 exponent from the input cpp_dec_float<Digits10, ExponentType, Allocator> value x.
1485 // Extracts the mantissa and exponent.
1488 boost::uint32_t p10 = static_cast<boost::uint32_t>(1u);
1489 boost::uint32_t test = data[0u];
1493 test /= static_cast<boost::uint32_t>(10u);
1495 if (test == static_cast<boost::uint32_t>(0u))
1500 p10 *= static_cast<boost::uint32_t>(10u);
1504 // Establish the upper bound of limbs for extracting the double.
1505 const int max_elem_in_double_count = static_cast<int>(static_cast<boost::int32_t>(std::numeric_limits<double>::digits10) / cpp_dec_float_elem_digits10) + (static_cast<int>(static_cast<boost::int32_t>(std::numeric_limits<double>::digits10) % cpp_dec_float_elem_digits10) != 0 ? 1 : 0) + 1;
1507 // And make sure this upper bound stays within bounds of the elems.
1508 const std::size_t max_elem_extract_count = static_cast<std::size_t>((std::min)(static_cast<boost::int32_t>(max_elem_in_double_count), cpp_dec_float_elem_number));
1510 // Extract into the mantissa the first limb, extracted as a double.
1511 mantissa = static_cast<double>(data[0]);
1514 // Extract the rest of the mantissa piecewise from the limbs.
1515 for (std::size_t i = 1u; i < max_elem_extract_count; i++)
1517 scale /= static_cast<double>(cpp_dec_float_elem_mask);
1518 mantissa += (static_cast<double>(data[i]) * scale);
1521 mantissa /= static_cast<double>(p10);
1525 mantissa = -mantissa;
1529 template <unsigned Digits10, class ExponentType, class Allocator>
1530 double cpp_dec_float<Digits10, ExponentType, Allocator>::extract_double() const
1532 // Returns the double conversion of a cpp_dec_float<Digits10, ExponentType, Allocator>.
1534 // Check for non-normal cpp_dec_float<Digits10, ExponentType, Allocator>.
1539 return std::numeric_limits<double>::quiet_NaN();
1543 return ((!neg) ? std::numeric_limits<double>::infinity()
1544 : -std::numeric_limits<double>::infinity());
1548 cpp_dec_float<Digits10, ExponentType, Allocator> xx(*this);
1552 // Check if *this cpp_dec_float<Digits10, ExponentType, Allocator> is zero.
1553 if (iszero() || (xx.compare(double_min()) < 0))
1558 // Check if *this cpp_dec_float<Digits10, ExponentType, Allocator> exceeds the maximum of double.
1559 if (xx.compare(double_max()) > 0)
1561 return ((!neg) ? std::numeric_limits<double>::infinity()
1562 : -std::numeric_limits<double>::infinity());
1565 std::stringstream ss;
1567 ss << str(std::numeric_limits<double>::digits10 + (2 + 1), std::ios_base::scientific);
1575 template <unsigned Digits10, class ExponentType, class Allocator>
1576 long double cpp_dec_float<Digits10, ExponentType, Allocator>::extract_long_double() const
1578 // Returns the long double conversion of a cpp_dec_float<Digits10, ExponentType, Allocator>.
1580 // Check if *this cpp_dec_float<Digits10, ExponentType, Allocator> is subnormal.
1585 return std::numeric_limits<long double>::quiet_NaN();
1589 return ((!neg) ? std::numeric_limits<long double>::infinity()
1590 : -std::numeric_limits<long double>::infinity());
1594 cpp_dec_float<Digits10, ExponentType, Allocator> xx(*this);
1598 // Check if *this cpp_dec_float<Digits10, ExponentType, Allocator> is zero.
1599 if (iszero() || (xx.compare(long_double_min()) < 0))
1601 return static_cast<long double>(0.0);
1604 // Check if *this cpp_dec_float<Digits10, ExponentType, Allocator> exceeds the maximum of double.
1605 if (xx.compare(long_double_max()) > 0)
1607 return ((!neg) ? std::numeric_limits<long double>::infinity()
1608 : -std::numeric_limits<long double>::infinity());
1611 std::stringstream ss;
1613 ss << str(std::numeric_limits<long double>::digits10 + (2 + 1), std::ios_base::scientific);
1621 template <unsigned Digits10, class ExponentType, class Allocator>
1622 boost::long_long_type cpp_dec_float<Digits10, ExponentType, Allocator>::extract_signed_long_long() const
1624 // Extracts a signed long long from *this.
1625 // If (x > maximum of long long) or (x < minimum of long long),
1626 // then the maximum or minimum of long long is returned accordingly.
1628 if (exp < static_cast<ExponentType>(0))
1630 return static_cast<boost::long_long_type>(0);
1633 const bool b_neg = isneg();
1635 boost::ulong_long_type val;
1637 if ((!b_neg) && (compare(long_long_max()) > 0))
1639 return (std::numeric_limits<boost::long_long_type>::max)();
1641 else if (b_neg && (compare(long_long_min()) < 0))
1643 return (std::numeric_limits<boost::long_long_type>::min)();
1647 // Extract the data into an boost::ulong_long_type value.
1648 cpp_dec_float<Digits10, ExponentType, Allocator> xn(extract_integer_part());
1652 val = static_cast<boost::ulong_long_type>(xn.data[0]);
1654 const boost::int32_t imax = (std::min)(static_cast<boost::int32_t>(static_cast<boost::int32_t>(xn.exp) / cpp_dec_float_elem_digits10), static_cast<boost::int32_t>(cpp_dec_float_elem_number - static_cast<boost::int32_t>(1)));
1656 for (boost::int32_t i = static_cast<boost::int32_t>(1); i <= imax; i++)
1658 val *= static_cast<boost::ulong_long_type>(cpp_dec_float_elem_mask);
1659 val += static_cast<boost::ulong_long_type>(xn.data[i]);
1665 return static_cast<boost::long_long_type>(val);
1669 // This strange expression avoids a hardware trap in the corner case
1670 // that val is the most negative value permitted in boost::long_long_type.
1671 // See https://svn.boost.org/trac/boost/ticket/9740.
1673 boost::long_long_type sval = static_cast<boost::long_long_type>(val - 1);
1680 template <unsigned Digits10, class ExponentType, class Allocator>
1681 boost::ulong_long_type cpp_dec_float<Digits10, ExponentType, Allocator>::extract_unsigned_long_long() const
1683 // Extracts an boost::ulong_long_type from *this.
1684 // If x exceeds the maximum of boost::ulong_long_type,
1685 // then the maximum of boost::ulong_long_type is returned.
1686 // If x is negative, then the boost::ulong_long_type cast of
1687 // the long long extracted value is returned.
1691 return static_cast<boost::ulong_long_type>(extract_signed_long_long());
1694 if (exp < static_cast<ExponentType>(0))
1696 return static_cast<boost::ulong_long_type>(0u);
1699 const cpp_dec_float<Digits10, ExponentType, Allocator> xn(extract_integer_part());
1701 boost::ulong_long_type val;
1703 if (xn.compare(ulong_long_max()) > 0)
1705 return (std::numeric_limits<boost::ulong_long_type>::max)();
1709 // Extract the data into an boost::ulong_long_type value.
1710 val = static_cast<boost::ulong_long_type>(xn.data[0]);
1712 const boost::int32_t imax = (std::min)(static_cast<boost::int32_t>(static_cast<boost::int32_t>(xn.exp) / cpp_dec_float_elem_digits10), static_cast<boost::int32_t>(cpp_dec_float_elem_number - static_cast<boost::int32_t>(1)));
1714 for (boost::int32_t i = static_cast<boost::int32_t>(1); i <= imax; i++)
1716 val *= static_cast<boost::ulong_long_type>(cpp_dec_float_elem_mask);
1717 val += static_cast<boost::ulong_long_type>(xn.data[i]);
1724 template <unsigned Digits10, class ExponentType, class Allocator>
1725 cpp_dec_float<Digits10, ExponentType, Allocator> cpp_dec_float<Digits10, ExponentType, Allocator>::extract_integer_part() const
1727 // Compute the signed integer part of x.
1734 if (exp < static_cast<ExponentType>(0))
1736 // The absolute value of the number is smaller than 1.
1737 // Thus the integer part is zero.
1741 // Truncate the digits from the decimal part, including guard digits
1742 // that do not belong to the integer part.
1744 // Make a local copy.
1745 cpp_dec_float<Digits10, ExponentType, Allocator> x = *this;
1747 // Clear out the decimal portion
1748 const size_t first_clear = (static_cast<size_t>(x.exp) / static_cast<size_t>(cpp_dec_float_elem_digits10)) + 1u;
1749 const size_t last_clear = static_cast<size_t>(cpp_dec_float_elem_number);
1751 if (first_clear < last_clear)
1752 std::fill(x.data.begin() + first_clear, x.data.begin() + last_clear, static_cast<boost::uint32_t>(0u));
1757 template <unsigned Digits10, class ExponentType, class Allocator>
1758 std::string cpp_dec_float<Digits10, ExponentType, Allocator>::str(boost::intmax_t number_of_digits, std::ios_base::fmtflags f) const
1760 if ((this->isinf)())
1764 else if (f & std::ios_base::showpos)
1769 else if ((this->isnan)())
1775 boost::intmax_t org_digits(number_of_digits);
1776 ExponentType my_exp = order();
1778 if (number_of_digits == 0)
1779 number_of_digits = cpp_dec_float_total_digits10;
1781 if (f & std::ios_base::fixed)
1783 number_of_digits += my_exp + 1;
1785 else if (f & std::ios_base::scientific)
1787 // Determine the number of elements needed to provide the requested digits from cpp_dec_float<Digits10, ExponentType, Allocator>.
1788 const std::size_t number_of_elements = (std::min)(static_cast<std::size_t>((number_of_digits / static_cast<std::size_t>(cpp_dec_float_elem_digits10)) + 2u),
1789 static_cast<std::size_t>(cpp_dec_float_elem_number));
1791 // Extract the remaining digits from cpp_dec_float<Digits10, ExponentType, Allocator> after the decimal point.
1792 str = boost::lexical_cast<std::string>(data[0]);
1794 std::stringstream ss;
1795 // Extract all of the digits from cpp_dec_float<Digits10, ExponentType, Allocator>, beginning with the first data element.
1796 for (std::size_t i = static_cast<std::size_t>(1u); i < number_of_elements; i++)
1798 ss << std::setw(static_cast<std::streamsize>(cpp_dec_float_elem_digits10))
1799 << std::setfill(static_cast<char>('0'))
1804 bool have_leading_zeros = false;
1806 if (number_of_digits == 0)
1808 // We only get here if the output format is "fixed" and we just need to
1809 // round the first non-zero digit.
1810 number_of_digits -= my_exp + 1; // reset to original value
1811 str.insert(static_cast<std::string::size_type>(0), std::string::size_type(number_of_digits), '0');
1812 have_leading_zeros = true;
1815 if (number_of_digits < 0)
1819 str.insert(static_cast<std::string::size_type>(0), 1, '-');
1820 boost::multiprecision::detail::format_float_string(str, 0, number_of_digits - my_exp - 1, f, this->iszero());
1825 // Cut the output to the size of the precision.
1826 if (str.length() > static_cast<std::string::size_type>(number_of_digits))
1828 // Get the digit after the last needed digit for rounding
1829 const boost::uint32_t round = static_cast<boost::uint32_t>(static_cast<boost::uint32_t>(str[static_cast<std::string::size_type>(number_of_digits)]) - static_cast<boost::uint32_t>('0'));
1831 bool need_round_up = round >= 5u;
1835 const boost::uint32_t ix = static_cast<boost::uint32_t>(static_cast<boost::uint32_t>(str[static_cast<std::string::size_type>(number_of_digits - 1)]) - static_cast<boost::uint32_t>('0'));
1838 // We have an even digit followed by a 5, so we might not actually need to round up
1839 // if all the remaining digits are zero:
1840 if (str.find_first_not_of('0', static_cast<std::string::size_type>(number_of_digits + 1)) == std::string::npos)
1842 bool all_zeros = true;
1843 // No none-zero trailing digits in the string, now check whatever parts we didn't convert to the string:
1844 for (std::size_t i = number_of_elements; i < data.size(); i++)
1853 need_round_up = false; // tie break - round to even.
1858 // Truncate the string
1859 str.erase(static_cast<std::string::size_type>(number_of_digits));
1863 std::size_t ix = static_cast<std::size_t>(str.length() - 1u);
1865 // Every trailing 9 must be rounded up
1866 while (ix && (static_cast<boost::int32_t>(str.at(ix)) - static_cast<boost::int32_t>('0') == static_cast<boost::int32_t>(9)))
1868 str.at(ix) = static_cast<char>('0');
1874 // There were nothing but trailing nines.
1875 if (static_cast<boost::int32_t>(static_cast<boost::int32_t>(str.at(ix)) - static_cast<boost::int32_t>(0x30)) == static_cast<boost::int32_t>(9))
1877 // Increment up to the next order and adjust exponent.
1878 str.at(ix) = static_cast<char>('1');
1883 // Round up this digit.
1889 // Round up the last digit.
1896 if (have_leading_zeros)
1898 // We need to take the zeros back out again, and correct the exponent
1899 // if we rounded up:
1900 if (str[std::string::size_type(number_of_digits - 1)] != '0')
1903 str.erase(0, std::string::size_type(number_of_digits - 1));
1906 str.erase(0, std::string::size_type(number_of_digits));
1910 str.insert(static_cast<std::string::size_type>(0), 1, '-');
1912 boost::multiprecision::detail::format_float_string(str, my_exp, org_digits, f, this->iszero());
1916 template <unsigned Digits10, class ExponentType, class Allocator>
1917 bool cpp_dec_float<Digits10, ExponentType, Allocator>::rd_string(const char* const s)
1919 #ifndef BOOST_NO_EXCEPTIONS
1926 // TBD: Using several regular expressions may significantly reduce
1927 // the code complexity (and perhaps the run-time) of rd_string().
1929 // Get a possible exponent and remove it.
1930 exp = static_cast<ExponentType>(0);
1934 if (((pos = str.find('e')) != std::string::npos) || ((pos = str.find('E')) != std::string::npos))
1936 // Remove the exponent part from the string.
1937 exp = boost::lexical_cast<ExponentType>(static_cast<const char*>(str.c_str() + (pos + 1u)));
1938 str = str.substr(static_cast<std::size_t>(0u), pos);
1941 // Get a possible +/- sign and remove it.
1951 else if (str[0] == '+')
1957 // Special cases for infinities and NaN's:
1959 if ((str == "inf") || (str == "INF") || (str == "infinity") || (str == "INFINITY"))
1963 *this = this->inf();
1967 *this = this->inf();
1970 if ((str.size() >= 3) && ((str.substr(0, 3) == "nan") || (str.substr(0, 3) == "NAN") || (str.substr(0, 3) == "NaN")))
1972 *this = this->nan();
1976 // Remove the leading zeros for all input types.
1977 const std::string::iterator fwd_it_leading_zero = std::find_if(str.begin(), str.end(), char_is_nonzero_predicate);
1979 if (fwd_it_leading_zero != str.begin())
1981 if (fwd_it_leading_zero == str.end())
1983 // The string contains nothing but leading zeros.
1984 // This string represents zero.
1990 str.erase(str.begin(), fwd_it_leading_zero);
1994 // Put the input string into the standard cpp_dec_float<Digits10, ExponentType, Allocator> input form
1995 // aaa.bbbbE+/-n, where aaa has 1...cpp_dec_float_elem_digits10, bbbb has an
1996 // even multiple of cpp_dec_float_elem_digits10 which are possibly zero padded
1997 // on the right-end, and n is a signed 64-bit integer which is an
1998 // even multiple of cpp_dec_float_elem_digits10.
2000 // Find a possible decimal point.
2001 pos = str.find(static_cast<char>('.'));
2003 if (pos != std::string::npos)
2005 // Remove all trailing insignificant zeros.
2006 const std::string::const_reverse_iterator rit_non_zero = std::find_if(str.rbegin(), str.rend(), char_is_nonzero_predicate);
2008 if (rit_non_zero != static_cast<std::string::const_reverse_iterator>(str.rbegin()))
2010 const std::string::size_type ofs = str.length() - std::distance<std::string::const_reverse_iterator>(str.rbegin(), rit_non_zero);
2011 str.erase(str.begin() + ofs, str.end());
2014 // Check if the input is identically zero.
2015 if (str == std::string("."))
2021 // Remove leading significant zeros just after the decimal point
2022 // and adjust the exponent accordingly.
2023 // Note that the while-loop operates only on strings of the form ".000abcd..."
2024 // and peels away the zeros just after the decimal point.
2025 if (str.at(static_cast<std::size_t>(0u)) == static_cast<char>('.'))
2027 const std::string::iterator it_non_zero = std::find_if(str.begin() + 1u, str.end(), char_is_nonzero_predicate);
2029 std::size_t delta_exp = static_cast<std::size_t>(0u);
2031 if (str.at(static_cast<std::size_t>(1u)) == static_cast<char>('0'))
2033 delta_exp = std::distance<std::string::const_iterator>(str.begin() + 1u, it_non_zero);
2036 // Bring one single digit into the mantissa and adjust the exponent accordingly.
2037 str.erase(str.begin(), it_non_zero);
2038 str.insert(static_cast<std::string::size_type>(1u), ".");
2039 exp -= static_cast<ExponentType>(delta_exp + 1u);
2044 // Input string has no decimal point: Append decimal point.
2048 // Shift the decimal point such that the exponent is an even multiple of cpp_dec_float_elem_digits10.
2049 std::size_t n_shift = static_cast<std::size_t>(0u);
2050 const std::size_t n_exp_rem = static_cast<std::size_t>(exp % static_cast<ExponentType>(cpp_dec_float_elem_digits10));
2052 if ((exp % static_cast<ExponentType>(cpp_dec_float_elem_digits10)) != static_cast<ExponentType>(0))
2054 n_shift = ((exp < static_cast<ExponentType>(0))
2055 ? static_cast<std::size_t>(n_exp_rem + static_cast<std::size_t>(cpp_dec_float_elem_digits10))
2056 : static_cast<std::size_t>(n_exp_rem));
2059 // Make sure that there are enough digits for the decimal point shift.
2060 pos = str.find(static_cast<char>('.'));
2062 std::size_t pos_plus_one = static_cast<std::size_t>(pos + 1u);
2064 if ((str.length() - pos_plus_one) < n_shift)
2066 const std::size_t sz = static_cast<std::size_t>(n_shift - (str.length() - pos_plus_one));
2068 str.append(std::string(sz, static_cast<char>('0')));
2071 // Do the decimal point shift.
2072 if (n_shift != static_cast<std::size_t>(0u))
2074 str.insert(static_cast<std::string::size_type>(pos_plus_one + n_shift), ".");
2076 str.erase(pos, static_cast<std::string::size_type>(1u));
2078 exp -= static_cast<ExponentType>(n_shift);
2081 // Cut the size of the mantissa to <= cpp_dec_float_elem_digits10.
2082 pos = str.find(static_cast<char>('.'));
2083 pos_plus_one = static_cast<std::size_t>(pos + 1u);
2085 if (pos > static_cast<std::size_t>(cpp_dec_float_elem_digits10))
2087 const boost::int32_t n_pos = static_cast<boost::int32_t>(pos);
2088 const boost::int32_t n_rem_is_zero = ((static_cast<boost::int32_t>(n_pos % cpp_dec_float_elem_digits10) == static_cast<boost::int32_t>(0)) ? static_cast<boost::int32_t>(1) : static_cast<boost::int32_t>(0));
2089 const boost::int32_t n = static_cast<boost::int32_t>(static_cast<boost::int32_t>(n_pos / cpp_dec_float_elem_digits10) - n_rem_is_zero);
2091 str.insert(static_cast<std::size_t>(static_cast<boost::int32_t>(n_pos - static_cast<boost::int32_t>(n * cpp_dec_float_elem_digits10))), ".");
2093 str.erase(pos_plus_one, static_cast<std::size_t>(1u));
2095 exp += static_cast<ExponentType>(static_cast<ExponentType>(n) * static_cast<ExponentType>(cpp_dec_float_elem_digits10));
2098 // Pad the decimal part such that its value is an even
2099 // multiple of cpp_dec_float_elem_digits10.
2100 pos = str.find(static_cast<char>('.'));
2101 pos_plus_one = static_cast<std::size_t>(pos + 1u);
2103 const boost::int32_t n_dec = static_cast<boost::int32_t>(static_cast<boost::int32_t>(str.length() - 1u) - static_cast<boost::int32_t>(pos));
2104 const boost::int32_t n_rem = static_cast<boost::int32_t>(n_dec % cpp_dec_float_elem_digits10);
2106 boost::int32_t n_cnt = ((n_rem != static_cast<boost::int32_t>(0))
2107 ? static_cast<boost::int32_t>(cpp_dec_float_elem_digits10 - n_rem)
2108 : static_cast<boost::int32_t>(0));
2110 if (n_cnt != static_cast<boost::int32_t>(0))
2112 str.append(static_cast<std::size_t>(n_cnt), static_cast<char>('0'));
2115 // Truncate decimal part if it is too long.
2116 const std::size_t max_dec = static_cast<std::size_t>((cpp_dec_float_elem_number - 1) * cpp_dec_float_elem_digits10);
2118 if (static_cast<std::size_t>(str.length() - pos) > max_dec)
2120 str = str.substr(static_cast<std::size_t>(0u),
2121 static_cast<std::size_t>(pos_plus_one + max_dec));
2124 // Now the input string has the standard cpp_dec_float<Digits10, ExponentType, Allocator> input form.
2125 // (See the comment above.)
2127 // Set all the data elements to 0.
2128 std::fill(data.begin(), data.end(), static_cast<boost::uint32_t>(0u));
2130 // Extract the data.
2132 // First get the digits to the left of the decimal point...
2133 data[0u] = boost::lexical_cast<boost::uint32_t>(str.substr(static_cast<std::size_t>(0u), pos));
2135 // ...then get the remaining digits to the right of the decimal point.
2136 const std::string::size_type i_end = ((str.length() - pos_plus_one) / static_cast<std::string::size_type>(cpp_dec_float_elem_digits10));
2138 for (std::string::size_type i = static_cast<std::string::size_type>(0u); i < i_end; i++)
2140 const std::string::const_iterator it = str.begin() + pos_plus_one + (i * static_cast<std::string::size_type>(cpp_dec_float_elem_digits10));
2142 data[i + 1u] = boost::lexical_cast<boost::uint32_t>(std::string(it, it + static_cast<std::string::size_type>(cpp_dec_float_elem_digits10)));
2145 // Check for overflow...
2146 if (exp > cpp_dec_float_max_exp10)
2148 const bool b_result_is_neg = neg;
2151 if (b_result_is_neg)
2155 // ...and check for underflow.
2156 if (exp <= cpp_dec_float_min_exp10)
2158 if (exp == cpp_dec_float_min_exp10)
2160 // Check for identity with the minimum value.
2161 cpp_dec_float<Digits10, ExponentType, Allocator> test = *this;
2163 test.exp = static_cast<ExponentType>(0);
2176 #ifndef BOOST_NO_EXCEPTIONS
2178 catch (const bad_lexical_cast&)
2180 // Rethrow with better error message:
2181 std::string msg = "Unable to parse the string \"";
2183 msg += "\" as a floating point value.";
2184 throw std::runtime_error(msg);
2190 template <unsigned Digits10, class ExponentType, class Allocator>
2191 cpp_dec_float<Digits10, ExponentType, Allocator>::cpp_dec_float(const double mantissa, const ExponentType exponent)
2193 exp(static_cast<ExponentType>(0)),
2195 fpclass(cpp_dec_float_finite),
2196 prec_elem(cpp_dec_float_elem_number)
2198 // Create *this cpp_dec_float<Digits10, ExponentType, Allocator> from a given mantissa and exponent.
2199 // Note: This constructor does not maintain the full precision of double.
2201 const bool mantissa_is_iszero = (::fabs(mantissa) < ((std::numeric_limits<double>::min)() * (1.0 + std::numeric_limits<double>::epsilon())));
2203 if (mantissa_is_iszero)
2205 std::fill(data.begin(), data.end(), static_cast<boost::uint32_t>(0u));
2209 const bool b_neg = (mantissa < 0.0);
2211 double d = ((!b_neg) ? mantissa : -mantissa);
2212 ExponentType e = exponent;
2225 boost::int32_t shift = static_cast<boost::int32_t>(e % static_cast<boost::int32_t>(cpp_dec_float_elem_digits10));
2227 while (static_cast<boost::int32_t>(shift-- % cpp_dec_float_elem_digits10) != static_cast<boost::int32_t>(0))
2236 std::fill(data.begin(), data.end(), static_cast<boost::uint32_t>(0u));
2238 static const boost::int32_t digit_ratio = static_cast<boost::int32_t>(static_cast<boost::int32_t>(std::numeric_limits<double>::digits10) / static_cast<boost::int32_t>(cpp_dec_float_elem_digits10));
2239 static const boost::int32_t digit_loops = static_cast<boost::int32_t>(digit_ratio + static_cast<boost::int32_t>(2));
2241 for (boost::int32_t i = static_cast<boost::int32_t>(0); i < digit_loops; i++)
2243 boost::uint32_t n = static_cast<boost::uint32_t>(static_cast<boost::uint64_t>(d));
2244 data[i] = static_cast<boost::uint32_t>(n);
2245 d -= static_cast<double>(n);
2246 d *= static_cast<double>(cpp_dec_float_elem_mask);
2250 template <unsigned Digits10, class ExponentType, class Allocator>
2251 cpp_dec_float<Digits10, ExponentType, Allocator>& cpp_dec_float<Digits10, ExponentType, Allocator>::operator=(long double a)
2253 // Christopher Kormanyos's original code used a cast to boost::long_long_type here, but that fails
2254 // when long double has more digits than a boost::long_long_type.
2260 return *this = zero();
2263 return *this = one();
2265 if ((boost::math::isinf)(a))
2273 if ((boost::math::isnan)(a))
2274 return *this = nan();
2277 long double f, term;
2281 // See https://svn.boost.org/trac/boost/ticket/10924 for an example of why this may go wrong:
2282 BOOST_ASSERT((boost::math::isfinite)(f));
2284 static const int shift = std::numeric_limits<int>::digits - 1;
2288 // extract int sized bits from f:
2289 f = ldexp(f, shift);
2290 BOOST_ASSERT((boost::math::isfinite)(f));
2293 *this *= pow2(shift);
2295 add_unsigned_long_long(static_cast<unsigned>(term));
2297 sub_unsigned_long_long(static_cast<unsigned>(-term));
2307 template <unsigned Digits10, class ExponentType, class Allocator>
2308 void cpp_dec_float<Digits10, ExponentType, Allocator>::from_unsigned_long_long(const boost::ulong_long_type u)
2310 std::fill(data.begin(), data.end(), static_cast<boost::uint32_t>(0u));
2312 exp = static_cast<ExponentType>(0);
2314 fpclass = cpp_dec_float_finite;
2315 prec_elem = cpp_dec_float_elem_number;
2322 std::size_t i = static_cast<std::size_t>(0u);
2324 boost::ulong_long_type uu = u;
2326 boost::uint32_t temp[(std::numeric_limits<boost::ulong_long_type>::digits10 / static_cast<int>(cpp_dec_float_elem_digits10)) + 3] = {static_cast<boost::uint32_t>(0u)};
2328 while (uu != static_cast<boost::ulong_long_type>(0u))
2330 temp[i] = static_cast<boost::uint32_t>(uu % static_cast<boost::ulong_long_type>(cpp_dec_float_elem_mask));
2331 uu = static_cast<boost::ulong_long_type>(uu / static_cast<boost::ulong_long_type>(cpp_dec_float_elem_mask));
2335 if (i > static_cast<std::size_t>(1u))
2337 exp += static_cast<ExponentType>((i - 1u) * static_cast<std::size_t>(cpp_dec_float_elem_digits10));
2340 std::reverse(temp, temp + i);
2341 std::copy(temp, temp + (std::min)(i, static_cast<std::size_t>(cpp_dec_float_elem_number)), data.begin());
2344 template <unsigned Digits10, class ExponentType, class Allocator>
2345 boost::uint32_t cpp_dec_float<Digits10, ExponentType, Allocator>::mul_loop_uv(boost::uint32_t* const u, const boost::uint32_t* const v, const boost::int32_t p)
2348 // There is a limit on how many limbs this algorithm can handle without dropping digits
2349 // due to overflow in the carry, it is:
2351 // FLOOR( (2^64 - 1) / (10^8 * 10^8) ) == 1844
2353 BOOST_STATIC_ASSERT_MSG(cpp_dec_float_elem_number < 1800, "Too many limbs in the data type for the multiplication algorithm - unsupported precision in cpp_dec_float.");
2355 boost::uint64_t carry = static_cast<boost::uint64_t>(0u);
2357 for (boost::int32_t j = static_cast<boost::int32_t>(p - 1u); j >= static_cast<boost::int32_t>(0); j--)
2359 boost::uint64_t sum = carry;
2361 for (boost::int32_t i = j; i >= static_cast<boost::int32_t>(0); i--)
2363 sum += static_cast<boost::uint64_t>(u[j - i] * static_cast<boost::uint64_t>(v[i]));
2366 u[j] = static_cast<boost::uint32_t>(sum % static_cast<boost::uint32_t>(cpp_dec_float_elem_mask));
2367 carry = static_cast<boost::uint64_t>(sum / static_cast<boost::uint32_t>(cpp_dec_float_elem_mask));
2370 return static_cast<boost::uint32_t>(carry);
2373 template <unsigned Digits10, class ExponentType, class Allocator>
2374 boost::uint32_t cpp_dec_float<Digits10, ExponentType, Allocator>::mul_loop_n(boost::uint32_t* const u, boost::uint32_t n, const boost::int32_t p)
2376 boost::uint64_t carry = static_cast<boost::uint64_t>(0u);
2378 // Multiplication loop.
2379 for (boost::int32_t j = p - 1; j >= static_cast<boost::int32_t>(0); j--)
2381 const boost::uint64_t t = static_cast<boost::uint64_t>(carry + static_cast<boost::uint64_t>(u[j] * static_cast<boost::uint64_t>(n)));
2382 carry = static_cast<boost::uint64_t>(t / static_cast<boost::uint32_t>(cpp_dec_float_elem_mask));
2383 u[j] = static_cast<boost::uint32_t>(t - static_cast<boost::uint64_t>(static_cast<boost::uint32_t>(cpp_dec_float_elem_mask) * static_cast<boost::uint64_t>(carry)));
2386 return static_cast<boost::uint32_t>(carry);
2389 template <unsigned Digits10, class ExponentType, class Allocator>
2390 boost::uint32_t cpp_dec_float<Digits10, ExponentType, Allocator>::div_loop_n(boost::uint32_t* const u, boost::uint32_t n, const boost::int32_t p)
2392 boost::uint64_t prev = static_cast<boost::uint64_t>(0u);
2394 for (boost::int32_t j = static_cast<boost::int32_t>(0); j < p; j++)
2396 const boost::uint64_t t = static_cast<boost::uint64_t>(u[j] + static_cast<boost::uint64_t>(prev * static_cast<boost::uint32_t>(cpp_dec_float_elem_mask)));
2397 u[j] = static_cast<boost::uint32_t>(t / n);
2398 prev = static_cast<boost::uint64_t>(t - static_cast<boost::uint64_t>(n * static_cast<boost::uint64_t>(u[j])));
2401 return static_cast<boost::uint32_t>(prev);
2404 template <unsigned Digits10, class ExponentType, class Allocator>
2405 cpp_dec_float<Digits10, ExponentType, Allocator> cpp_dec_float<Digits10, ExponentType, Allocator>::pow2(const boost::long_long_type p)
2407 // Create a static const table of p^2 for -128 < p < +128.
2408 // Note: The size of this table must be odd-numbered and
2409 // symmetric about 0.
2411 static const boost::array<cpp_dec_float<Digits10, ExponentType, Allocator>, 255u> p2_data =
2412 {{cpp_dec_float("5.877471754111437539843682686111228389093327783860437607543758531392086297273635864257812500000000000e-39"),
2413 cpp_dec_float("1.175494350822287507968736537222245677818665556772087521508751706278417259454727172851562500000000000e-38"),
2414 cpp_dec_float("2.350988701644575015937473074444491355637331113544175043017503412556834518909454345703125000000000000e-38"),
2415 cpp_dec_float("4.701977403289150031874946148888982711274662227088350086035006825113669037818908691406250000000000000e-38"),
2416 cpp_dec_float("9.403954806578300063749892297777965422549324454176700172070013650227338075637817382812500000000000000e-38"),
2417 cpp_dec_float("1.880790961315660012749978459555593084509864890835340034414002730045467615127563476562500000000000000e-37"),
2418 cpp_dec_float("3.761581922631320025499956919111186169019729781670680068828005460090935230255126953125000000000000000e-37"),
2419 cpp_dec_float("7.523163845262640050999913838222372338039459563341360137656010920181870460510253906250000000000000000e-37"),
2420 cpp_dec_float("1.504632769052528010199982767644474467607891912668272027531202184036374092102050781250000000000000000e-36"),
2421 cpp_dec_float("3.009265538105056020399965535288948935215783825336544055062404368072748184204101562500000000000000000e-36"),
2422 cpp_dec_float("6.018531076210112040799931070577897870431567650673088110124808736145496368408203125000000000000000000e-36"),
2423 cpp_dec_float("1.203706215242022408159986214115579574086313530134617622024961747229099273681640625000000000000000000e-35"),
2424 cpp_dec_float("2.407412430484044816319972428231159148172627060269235244049923494458198547363281250000000000000000000e-35"),
2425 cpp_dec_float("4.814824860968089632639944856462318296345254120538470488099846988916397094726562500000000000000000000e-35"),
2426 cpp_dec_float("9.629649721936179265279889712924636592690508241076940976199693977832794189453125000000000000000000000e-35"),
2427 cpp_dec_float("1.925929944387235853055977942584927318538101648215388195239938795566558837890625000000000000000000000e-34"),
2428 cpp_dec_float("3.851859888774471706111955885169854637076203296430776390479877591133117675781250000000000000000000000e-34"),
2429 cpp_dec_float("7.703719777548943412223911770339709274152406592861552780959755182266235351562500000000000000000000000e-34"),
2430 cpp_dec_float("1.540743955509788682444782354067941854830481318572310556191951036453247070312500000000000000000000000e-33"),
2431 cpp_dec_float("3.081487911019577364889564708135883709660962637144621112383902072906494140625000000000000000000000000e-33"),
2432 cpp_dec_float("6.162975822039154729779129416271767419321925274289242224767804145812988281250000000000000000000000000e-33"),
2433 cpp_dec_float("1.232595164407830945955825883254353483864385054857848444953560829162597656250000000000000000000000000e-32"),
2434 cpp_dec_float("2.465190328815661891911651766508706967728770109715696889907121658325195312500000000000000000000000000e-32"),
2435 cpp_dec_float("4.930380657631323783823303533017413935457540219431393779814243316650390625000000000000000000000000000e-32"),
2436 cpp_dec_float("9.860761315262647567646607066034827870915080438862787559628486633300781250000000000000000000000000000e-32"),
2437 cpp_dec_float("1.972152263052529513529321413206965574183016087772557511925697326660156250000000000000000000000000000e-31"),
2438 cpp_dec_float("3.944304526105059027058642826413931148366032175545115023851394653320312500000000000000000000000000000e-31"),
2439 cpp_dec_float("7.888609052210118054117285652827862296732064351090230047702789306640625000000000000000000000000000000e-31"),
2440 cpp_dec_float("1.577721810442023610823457130565572459346412870218046009540557861328125000000000000000000000000000000e-30"),
2441 cpp_dec_float("3.155443620884047221646914261131144918692825740436092019081115722656250000000000000000000000000000000e-30"),
2442 cpp_dec_float("6.310887241768094443293828522262289837385651480872184038162231445312500000000000000000000000000000000e-30"),
2443 cpp_dec_float("1.262177448353618888658765704452457967477130296174436807632446289062500000000000000000000000000000000e-29"),
2444 cpp_dec_float("2.524354896707237777317531408904915934954260592348873615264892578125000000000000000000000000000000000e-29"),
2445 cpp_dec_float("5.048709793414475554635062817809831869908521184697747230529785156250000000000000000000000000000000000e-29"),
2446 cpp_dec_float("1.009741958682895110927012563561966373981704236939549446105957031250000000000000000000000000000000000e-28"),
2447 cpp_dec_float("2.019483917365790221854025127123932747963408473879098892211914062500000000000000000000000000000000000e-28"),
2448 cpp_dec_float("4.038967834731580443708050254247865495926816947758197784423828125000000000000000000000000000000000000e-28"),
2449 cpp_dec_float("8.077935669463160887416100508495730991853633895516395568847656250000000000000000000000000000000000000e-28"),
2450 cpp_dec_float("1.615587133892632177483220101699146198370726779103279113769531250000000000000000000000000000000000000e-27"),
2451 cpp_dec_float("3.231174267785264354966440203398292396741453558206558227539062500000000000000000000000000000000000000e-27"),
2452 cpp_dec_float("6.462348535570528709932880406796584793482907116413116455078125000000000000000000000000000000000000000e-27"),
2453 cpp_dec_float("1.292469707114105741986576081359316958696581423282623291015625000000000000000000000000000000000000000e-26"),
2454 cpp_dec_float("2.584939414228211483973152162718633917393162846565246582031250000000000000000000000000000000000000000e-26"),
2455 cpp_dec_float("5.169878828456422967946304325437267834786325693130493164062500000000000000000000000000000000000000000e-26"),
2456 cpp_dec_float("1.033975765691284593589260865087453566957265138626098632812500000000000000000000000000000000000000000e-25"),
2457 cpp_dec_float("2.067951531382569187178521730174907133914530277252197265625000000000000000000000000000000000000000000e-25"),
2458 cpp_dec_float("4.135903062765138374357043460349814267829060554504394531250000000000000000000000000000000000000000000e-25"),
2459 cpp_dec_float("8.271806125530276748714086920699628535658121109008789062500000000000000000000000000000000000000000000e-25"),
2460 cpp_dec_float("1.654361225106055349742817384139925707131624221801757812500000000000000000000000000000000000000000000e-24"),
2461 cpp_dec_float("3.308722450212110699485634768279851414263248443603515625000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000e-24"),
2462 cpp_dec_float("6.617444900424221398971269536559702828526496887207031250000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000e-24"),
2463 cpp_dec_float("1.323488980084844279794253907311940565705299377441406250000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000e-23"),
2464 cpp_dec_float("2.646977960169688559588507814623881131410598754882812500000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000e-23"),
2465 cpp_dec_float("5.293955920339377119177015629247762262821197509765625000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000e-23"),
2466 cpp_dec_float("1.058791184067875423835403125849552452564239501953125000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000e-22"),
2467 cpp_dec_float("2.117582368135750847670806251699104905128479003906250000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000e-22"),
2468 cpp_dec_float("4.235164736271501695341612503398209810256958007812500000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000e-22"),
2469 cpp_dec_float("8.470329472543003390683225006796419620513916015625000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000e-22"),
2470 cpp_dec_float("1.694065894508600678136645001359283924102783203125000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000e-21"),
2471 cpp_dec_float("3.388131789017201356273290002718567848205566406250000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000e-21"),
2472 cpp_dec_float("6.776263578034402712546580005437135696411132812500000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000e-21"),
2473 cpp_dec_float("1.355252715606880542509316001087427139282226562500000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000e-20"),
2474 cpp_dec_float("2.710505431213761085018632002174854278564453125000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000e-20"),
2475 cpp_dec_float("5.421010862427522170037264004349708557128906250000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000e-20"),
2476 cpp_dec_float("1.084202172485504434007452800869941711425781250000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000e-19"),
2477 cpp_dec_float("2.168404344971008868014905601739883422851562500000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000e-19"),
2478 cpp_dec_float("4.336808689942017736029811203479766845703125000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000e-19"),
2479 cpp_dec_float("8.673617379884035472059622406959533691406250000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000e-19"),
2480 cpp_dec_float("1.734723475976807094411924481391906738281250000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000e-18"),
2481 cpp_dec_float("3.469446951953614188823848962783813476562500000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000e-18"),
2482 cpp_dec_float("6.938893903907228377647697925567626953125000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000e-18"),
2483 cpp_dec_float("1.387778780781445675529539585113525390625000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000e-17"),
2484 cpp_dec_float("2.775557561562891351059079170227050781250000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000e-17"),
2485 cpp_dec_float("5.551115123125782702118158340454101562500000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000e-17"),
2486 cpp_dec_float("1.110223024625156540423631668090820312500000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000e-16"),
2487 cpp_dec_float("2.220446049250313080847263336181640625000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000e-16"),
2488 cpp_dec_float("4.440892098500626161694526672363281250000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000e-16"),
2489 cpp_dec_float("8.881784197001252323389053344726562500000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000e-16"),
2490 cpp_dec_float("1.776356839400250464677810668945312500000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000e-15"),
2491 cpp_dec_float("3.552713678800500929355621337890625000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000e-15"),
2492 cpp_dec_float("7.105427357601001858711242675781250000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000e-15"),
2493 cpp_dec_float("1.421085471520200371742248535156250000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000e-14"),
2494 cpp_dec_float("2.842170943040400743484497070312500000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000e-14"),
2495 cpp_dec_float("5.684341886080801486968994140625000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000e-14"),
2496 cpp_dec_float("1.136868377216160297393798828125000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000e-13"),
2497 cpp_dec_float("2.273736754432320594787597656250000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000e-13"),
2498 cpp_dec_float("4.547473508864641189575195312500000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000e-13"),
2499 cpp_dec_float("9.094947017729282379150390625000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000e-13"),
2500 cpp_dec_float("1.818989403545856475830078125000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000e-12"),
2501 cpp_dec_float("3.637978807091712951660156250000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000e-12"),
2502 cpp_dec_float("7.275957614183425903320312500000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000e-12"),
2503 cpp_dec_float("1.455191522836685180664062500000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000e-11"),
2504 cpp_dec_float("2.910383045673370361328125000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000e-11"),
2505 cpp_dec_float("5.820766091346740722656250000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000e-11"),
2506 cpp_dec_float("1.164153218269348144531250000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000e-10"),
2507 cpp_dec_float("2.328306436538696289062500000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000e-10"),
2508 cpp_dec_float("4.656612873077392578125000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000e-10"),
2509 cpp_dec_float("9.313225746154785156250000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000e-10"),
2510 cpp_dec_float("1.862645149230957031250000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000e-9"),
2511 cpp_dec_float("3.725290298461914062500000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000e-9"),
2512 cpp_dec_float("7.450580596923828125000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000e-9"),
2513 cpp_dec_float("1.490116119384765625000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000e-8"),
2514 cpp_dec_float("2.980232238769531250000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000e-8"),
2515 cpp_dec_float("5.960464477539062500000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000e-8"),
2516 cpp_dec_float("1.192092895507812500000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000e-7"),
2517 cpp_dec_float("2.384185791015625000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000e-7"),
2518 cpp_dec_float("4.768371582031250000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000e-7"),
2519 cpp_dec_float("9.536743164062500000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000e-7"),
2520 cpp_dec_float("1.907348632812500000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000e-6"),
2521 cpp_dec_float("3.814697265625000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000e-6"),
2522 cpp_dec_float("7.629394531250000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000e-6"),
2523 cpp_dec_float("0.000015258789062500000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000"),
2524 cpp_dec_float("0.000030517578125000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000"),
2525 cpp_dec_float("0.000061035156250000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000"),
2526 cpp_dec_float("0.000122070312500000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000"),
2527 cpp_dec_float("0.000244140625000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000"),
2528 cpp_dec_float("0.000488281250000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000"),
2529 cpp_dec_float("0.000976562500000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000"),
2530 cpp_dec_float("0.001953125000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000"),
2531 cpp_dec_float("0.003906250000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000"),
2532 cpp_dec_float("0.007812500000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000"),
2533 cpp_dec_float("0.01562500000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000"),
2534 cpp_dec_float("0.03125000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000"),
2535 cpp_dec_float("0.06250000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000"),
2536 cpp_dec_float("0.125"),
2537 cpp_dec_float("0.25"),
2538 cpp_dec_float("0.5"),
2541 cpp_dec_float(static_cast<boost::ulong_long_type>(4)),
2542 cpp_dec_float(static_cast<boost::ulong_long_type>(8)),
2543 cpp_dec_float(static_cast<boost::ulong_long_type>(16)),
2544 cpp_dec_float(static_cast<boost::ulong_long_type>(32)),
2545 cpp_dec_float(static_cast<boost::ulong_long_type>(64)),
2546 cpp_dec_float(static_cast<boost::ulong_long_type>(128)),
2547 cpp_dec_float(static_cast<boost::ulong_long_type>(256)),
2548 cpp_dec_float(static_cast<boost::ulong_long_type>(512)),
2549 cpp_dec_float(static_cast<boost::ulong_long_type>(1024)),
2550 cpp_dec_float(static_cast<boost::ulong_long_type>(2048)),
2551 cpp_dec_float(static_cast<boost::ulong_long_type>(4096)),
2552 cpp_dec_float(static_cast<boost::ulong_long_type>(8192)),
2553 cpp_dec_float(static_cast<boost::ulong_long_type>(16384)),
2554 cpp_dec_float(static_cast<boost::ulong_long_type>(32768)),
2555 cpp_dec_float(static_cast<boost::ulong_long_type>(65536)),
2556 cpp_dec_float(static_cast<boost::ulong_long_type>(131072)),
2557 cpp_dec_float(static_cast<boost::ulong_long_type>(262144)),
2558 cpp_dec_float(static_cast<boost::ulong_long_type>(524288)),
2559 cpp_dec_float(static_cast<boost::uint64_t>(1uL << 20u)),
2560 cpp_dec_float(static_cast<boost::uint64_t>(1uL << 21u)),
2561 cpp_dec_float(static_cast<boost::uint64_t>(1uL << 22u)),
2562 cpp_dec_float(static_cast<boost::uint64_t>(1uL << 23u)),
2563 cpp_dec_float(static_cast<boost::uint64_t>(1uL << 24u)),
2564 cpp_dec_float(static_cast<boost::uint64_t>(1uL << 25u)),
2565 cpp_dec_float(static_cast<boost::uint64_t>(1uL << 26u)),
2566 cpp_dec_float(static_cast<boost::uint64_t>(1uL << 27u)),
2567 cpp_dec_float(static_cast<boost::uint64_t>(1uL << 28u)),
2568 cpp_dec_float(static_cast<boost::uint64_t>(1uL << 29u)),
2569 cpp_dec_float(static_cast<boost::uint64_t>(1uL << 30u)),
2570 cpp_dec_float(static_cast<boost::uint64_t>(1uL << 31u)),
2571 cpp_dec_float(static_cast<boost::uint64_t>(1uLL << 32u)),
2572 cpp_dec_float(static_cast<boost::uint64_t>(1uLL << 33u)),
2573 cpp_dec_float(static_cast<boost::uint64_t>(1uLL << 34u)),
2574 cpp_dec_float(static_cast<boost::uint64_t>(1uLL << 35u)),
2575 cpp_dec_float(static_cast<boost::uint64_t>(1uLL << 36u)),
2576 cpp_dec_float(static_cast<boost::uint64_t>(1uLL << 37u)),
2577 cpp_dec_float(static_cast<boost::uint64_t>(1uLL << 38u)),
2578 cpp_dec_float(static_cast<boost::uint64_t>(1uLL << 39u)),
2579 cpp_dec_float(static_cast<boost::uint64_t>(1uLL << 40u)),
2580 cpp_dec_float(static_cast<boost::uint64_t>(1uLL << 41u)),
2581 cpp_dec_float(static_cast<boost::uint64_t>(1uLL << 42u)),
2582 cpp_dec_float(static_cast<boost::uint64_t>(1uLL << 43u)),
2583 cpp_dec_float(static_cast<boost::uint64_t>(1uLL << 44u)),
2584 cpp_dec_float(static_cast<boost::uint64_t>(1uLL << 45u)),
2585 cpp_dec_float(static_cast<boost::uint64_t>(1uLL << 46u)),
2586 cpp_dec_float(static_cast<boost::uint64_t>(1uLL << 47u)),
2587 cpp_dec_float(static_cast<boost::uint64_t>(1uLL << 48u)),
2588 cpp_dec_float(static_cast<boost::uint64_t>(1uLL << 49u)),
2589 cpp_dec_float(static_cast<boost::uint64_t>(1uLL << 50u)),
2590 cpp_dec_float(static_cast<boost::uint64_t>(1uLL << 51u)),
2591 cpp_dec_float(static_cast<boost::uint64_t>(1uLL << 52u)),
2592 cpp_dec_float(static_cast<boost::uint64_t>(1uLL << 53u)),
2593 cpp_dec_float(static_cast<boost::uint64_t>(1uLL << 54u)),
2594 cpp_dec_float(static_cast<boost::uint64_t>(1uLL << 55u)),
2595 cpp_dec_float(static_cast<boost::uint64_t>(1uLL << 56u)),
2596 cpp_dec_float(static_cast<boost::uint64_t>(1uLL << 57u)),
2597 cpp_dec_float(static_cast<boost::uint64_t>(1uLL << 58u)),
2598 cpp_dec_float(static_cast<boost::uint64_t>(1uLL << 59u)),
2599 cpp_dec_float(static_cast<boost::uint64_t>(1uLL << 60u)),
2600 cpp_dec_float(static_cast<boost::uint64_t>(1uLL << 61u)),
2601 cpp_dec_float(static_cast<boost::uint64_t>(1uLL << 62u)),
2602 cpp_dec_float(static_cast<boost::uint64_t>(1uLL << 63u)),
2603 cpp_dec_float("1.844674407370955161600000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000e19"),
2604 cpp_dec_float("3.689348814741910323200000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000e19"),
2605 cpp_dec_float("7.378697629483820646400000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000e19"),
2606 cpp_dec_float("1.475739525896764129280000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000e20"),
2607 cpp_dec_float("2.951479051793528258560000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000e20"),
2608 cpp_dec_float("5.902958103587056517120000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000e20"),
2609 cpp_dec_float("1.180591620717411303424000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000e21"),
2610 cpp_dec_float("2.361183241434822606848000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000e21"),
2611 cpp_dec_float("4.722366482869645213696000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000e21"),
2612 cpp_dec_float("9.444732965739290427392000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000e21"),
2613 cpp_dec_float("1.888946593147858085478400000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000e22"),
2614 cpp_dec_float("3.777893186295716170956800000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000e22"),
2615 cpp_dec_float("7.555786372591432341913600000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000e22"),
2616 cpp_dec_float("1.511157274518286468382720000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000e23"),
2617 cpp_dec_float("3.022314549036572936765440000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000e23"),
2618 cpp_dec_float("6.044629098073145873530880000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000e23"),
2619 cpp_dec_float("1.208925819614629174706176000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000e24"),
2620 cpp_dec_float("2.417851639229258349412352000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000e24"),
2621 cpp_dec_float("4.835703278458516698824704000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000e24"),
2622 cpp_dec_float("9.671406556917033397649408000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000e24"),
2623 cpp_dec_float("1.934281311383406679529881600000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000e25"),
2624 cpp_dec_float("3.868562622766813359059763200000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000e25"),
2625 cpp_dec_float("7.737125245533626718119526400000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000e25"),
2626 cpp_dec_float("1.547425049106725343623905280000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000e26"),
2627 cpp_dec_float("3.094850098213450687247810560000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000e26"),
2628 cpp_dec_float("6.189700196426901374495621120000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000e26"),
2629 cpp_dec_float("1.237940039285380274899124224000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000e27"),
2630 cpp_dec_float("2.475880078570760549798248448000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000e27"),
2631 cpp_dec_float("4.951760157141521099596496896000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000e27"),
2632 cpp_dec_float("9.903520314283042199192993792000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000e27"),
2633 cpp_dec_float("1.980704062856608439838598758400000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000e28"),
2634 cpp_dec_float("3.961408125713216879677197516800000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000e28"),
2635 cpp_dec_float("7.922816251426433759354395033600000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000e28"),
2636 cpp_dec_float("1.584563250285286751870879006720000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000e29"),
2637 cpp_dec_float("3.169126500570573503741758013440000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000e29"),
2638 cpp_dec_float("6.338253001141147007483516026880000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000e29"),
2639 cpp_dec_float("1.267650600228229401496703205376000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000e30"),
2640 cpp_dec_float("2.535301200456458802993406410752000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000e30"),
2641 cpp_dec_float("5.070602400912917605986812821504000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000e30"),
2642 cpp_dec_float("1.014120480182583521197362564300800000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000e31"),
2643 cpp_dec_float("2.028240960365167042394725128601600000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000e31"),
2644 cpp_dec_float("4.056481920730334084789450257203200000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000e31"),
2645 cpp_dec_float("8.112963841460668169578900514406400000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000e31"),
2646 cpp_dec_float("1.622592768292133633915780102881280000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000e32"),
2647 cpp_dec_float("3.245185536584267267831560205762560000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000e32"),
2648 cpp_dec_float("6.490371073168534535663120411525120000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000e32"),
2649 cpp_dec_float("1.298074214633706907132624082305024000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000e33"),
2650 cpp_dec_float("2.596148429267413814265248164610048000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000e33"),
2651 cpp_dec_float("5.192296858534827628530496329220096000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000e33"),
2652 cpp_dec_float("1.038459371706965525706099265844019200000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000e34"),
2653 cpp_dec_float("2.076918743413931051412198531688038400000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000e34"),
2654 cpp_dec_float("4.153837486827862102824397063376076800000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000e34"),
2655 cpp_dec_float("8.307674973655724205648794126752153600000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000e34"),
2656 cpp_dec_float("1.661534994731144841129758825350430720000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000e35"),
2657 cpp_dec_float("3.323069989462289682259517650700861440000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000e35"),
2658 cpp_dec_float("6.646139978924579364519035301401722880000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000e35"),
2659 cpp_dec_float("1.329227995784915872903807060280344576000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000e36"),
2660 cpp_dec_float("2.658455991569831745807614120560689152000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000e36"),
2661 cpp_dec_float("5.316911983139663491615228241121378304000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000e36"),
2662 cpp_dec_float("1.063382396627932698323045648224275660800000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000e37"),
2663 cpp_dec_float("2.126764793255865396646091296448551321600000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000e37"),
2664 cpp_dec_float("4.253529586511730793292182592897102643200000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000e37"),
2665 cpp_dec_float("8.507059173023461586584365185794205286400000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000e37"),
2666 cpp_dec_float("1.701411834604692317316873037158841057280000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000e38")}};
2668 if ((p > static_cast<boost::long_long_type>(-128)) && (p < static_cast<boost::long_long_type>(+128)))
2670 return p2_data[static_cast<std::size_t>(p + ((p2_data.size() - 1u) / 2u))];
2674 // Compute and return 2^p.
2675 if (p < static_cast<boost::long_long_type>(0))
2677 return pow2(static_cast<boost::long_long_type>(-p)).calculate_inv();
2681 cpp_dec_float<Digits10, ExponentType, Allocator> t;
2682 default_ops::detail::pow_imp(t, two(), p, mpl::true_());
2688 template <unsigned Digits10, class ExponentType, class Allocator>
2689 inline void eval_add(cpp_dec_float<Digits10, ExponentType, Allocator>& result, const cpp_dec_float<Digits10, ExponentType, Allocator>& o)
2693 template <unsigned Digits10, class ExponentType, class Allocator>
2694 inline void eval_subtract(cpp_dec_float<Digits10, ExponentType, Allocator>& result, const cpp_dec_float<Digits10, ExponentType, Allocator>& o)
2698 template <unsigned Digits10, class ExponentType, class Allocator>
2699 inline void eval_multiply(cpp_dec_float<Digits10, ExponentType, Allocator>& result, const cpp_dec_float<Digits10, ExponentType, Allocator>& o)
2703 template <unsigned Digits10, class ExponentType, class Allocator>
2704 inline void eval_divide(cpp_dec_float<Digits10, ExponentType, Allocator>& result, const cpp_dec_float<Digits10, ExponentType, Allocator>& o)
2709 template <unsigned Digits10, class ExponentType, class Allocator>
2710 inline void eval_add(cpp_dec_float<Digits10, ExponentType, Allocator>& result, const boost::ulong_long_type& o)
2712 result.add_unsigned_long_long(o);
2714 template <unsigned Digits10, class ExponentType, class Allocator>
2715 inline void eval_subtract(cpp_dec_float<Digits10, ExponentType, Allocator>& result, const boost::ulong_long_type& o)
2717 result.sub_unsigned_long_long(o);
2719 template <unsigned Digits10, class ExponentType, class Allocator>
2720 inline void eval_multiply(cpp_dec_float<Digits10, ExponentType, Allocator>& result, const boost::ulong_long_type& o)
2722 result.mul_unsigned_long_long(o);
2724 template <unsigned Digits10, class ExponentType, class Allocator>
2725 inline void eval_divide(cpp_dec_float<Digits10, ExponentType, Allocator>& result, const boost::ulong_long_type& o)
2727 result.div_unsigned_long_long(o);
2730 template <unsigned Digits10, class ExponentType, class Allocator>
2731 inline void eval_add(cpp_dec_float<Digits10, ExponentType, Allocator>& result, boost::long_long_type o)
2734 result.sub_unsigned_long_long(boost::multiprecision::detail::unsigned_abs(o));
2736 result.add_unsigned_long_long(o);
2738 template <unsigned Digits10, class ExponentType, class Allocator>
2739 inline void eval_subtract(cpp_dec_float<Digits10, ExponentType, Allocator>& result, boost::long_long_type o)
2742 result.add_unsigned_long_long(boost::multiprecision::detail::unsigned_abs(o));
2744 result.sub_unsigned_long_long(o);
2746 template <unsigned Digits10, class ExponentType, class Allocator>
2747 inline void eval_multiply(cpp_dec_float<Digits10, ExponentType, Allocator>& result, boost::long_long_type o)
2751 result.mul_unsigned_long_long(boost::multiprecision::detail::unsigned_abs(o));
2755 result.mul_unsigned_long_long(o);
2757 template <unsigned Digits10, class ExponentType, class Allocator>
2758 inline void eval_divide(cpp_dec_float<Digits10, ExponentType, Allocator>& result, boost::long_long_type o)
2762 result.div_unsigned_long_long(boost::multiprecision::detail::unsigned_abs(o));
2766 result.div_unsigned_long_long(o);
2769 template <unsigned Digits10, class ExponentType, class Allocator>
2770 inline void eval_convert_to(boost::ulong_long_type* result, const cpp_dec_float<Digits10, ExponentType, Allocator>& val)
2772 *result = val.extract_unsigned_long_long();
2774 template <unsigned Digits10, class ExponentType, class Allocator>
2775 inline void eval_convert_to(boost::long_long_type* result, const cpp_dec_float<Digits10, ExponentType, Allocator>& val)
2777 *result = val.extract_signed_long_long();
2779 template <unsigned Digits10, class ExponentType, class Allocator>
2780 inline void eval_convert_to(long double* result, cpp_dec_float<Digits10, ExponentType, Allocator>& val)
2782 *result = val.extract_long_double();
2786 // Non member function support:
2788 template <unsigned Digits10, class ExponentType, class Allocator>
2789 inline int eval_fpclassify(const cpp_dec_float<Digits10, ExponentType, Allocator>& x)
2800 template <unsigned Digits10, class ExponentType, class Allocator>
2801 inline void eval_abs(cpp_dec_float<Digits10, ExponentType, Allocator>& result, const cpp_dec_float<Digits10, ExponentType, Allocator>& x)
2808 template <unsigned Digits10, class ExponentType, class Allocator>
2809 inline void eval_fabs(cpp_dec_float<Digits10, ExponentType, Allocator>& result, const cpp_dec_float<Digits10, ExponentType, Allocator>& x)
2816 template <unsigned Digits10, class ExponentType, class Allocator>
2817 inline void eval_sqrt(cpp_dec_float<Digits10, ExponentType, Allocator>& result, const cpp_dec_float<Digits10, ExponentType, Allocator>& x)
2820 result.calculate_sqrt();
2823 template <unsigned Digits10, class ExponentType, class Allocator>
2824 inline void eval_floor(cpp_dec_float<Digits10, ExponentType, Allocator>& result, const cpp_dec_float<Digits10, ExponentType, Allocator>& x)
2827 if (!(x.isfinite)() || x.isint())
2835 result -= cpp_dec_float<Digits10, ExponentType, Allocator>::one();
2836 result = result.extract_integer_part();
2839 template <unsigned Digits10, class ExponentType, class Allocator>
2840 inline void eval_ceil(cpp_dec_float<Digits10, ExponentType, Allocator>& result, const cpp_dec_float<Digits10, ExponentType, Allocator>& x)
2843 if (!(x.isfinite)() || x.isint())
2851 result += cpp_dec_float<Digits10, ExponentType, Allocator>::one();
2852 result = result.extract_integer_part();
2855 template <unsigned Digits10, class ExponentType, class Allocator>
2856 inline void eval_trunc(cpp_dec_float<Digits10, ExponentType, Allocator>& result, const cpp_dec_float<Digits10, ExponentType, Allocator>& x)
2858 if (x.isint() || !(x.isfinite)())
2865 result = x.extract_integer_part();
2868 template <unsigned Digits10, class ExponentType, class Allocator>
2869 inline ExponentType eval_ilogb(const cpp_dec_float<Digits10, ExponentType, Allocator>& val)
2872 return (std::numeric_limits<ExponentType>::min)();
2881 // Set result, to the exponent of val:
2884 template <unsigned Digits10, class ExponentType, class Allocator, class ArgType>
2885 inline void eval_scalbn(cpp_dec_float<Digits10, ExponentType, Allocator>& result, const cpp_dec_float<Digits10, ExponentType, Allocator>& val, ArgType e_)
2887 using default_ops::eval_multiply;
2888 const ExponentType e = static_cast<ExponentType>(e_);
2889 cpp_dec_float<Digits10, ExponentType, Allocator> t(1.0, e);
2890 eval_multiply(result, val, t);
2893 template <unsigned Digits10, class ExponentType, class Allocator, class ArgType>
2894 inline void eval_ldexp(cpp_dec_float<Digits10, ExponentType, Allocator>& result, const cpp_dec_float<Digits10, ExponentType, Allocator>& x, ArgType e)
2896 const boost::long_long_type the_exp = static_cast<boost::long_long_type>(e);
2898 if ((the_exp > (std::numeric_limits<ExponentType>::max)()) || (the_exp < (std::numeric_limits<ExponentType>::min)()))
2899 BOOST_THROW_EXCEPTION(std::runtime_error(std::string("Exponent value is out of range.")));
2903 if ((the_exp > static_cast<boost::long_long_type>(-std::numeric_limits<boost::long_long_type>::digits)) && (the_exp < static_cast<boost::long_long_type>(0)))
2904 result.div_unsigned_long_long(1ULL << static_cast<boost::long_long_type>(-the_exp));
2905 else if ((the_exp < static_cast<boost::long_long_type>(std::numeric_limits<boost::long_long_type>::digits)) && (the_exp > static_cast<boost::long_long_type>(0)))
2906 result.mul_unsigned_long_long(1ULL << the_exp);
2907 else if (the_exp != static_cast<boost::long_long_type>(0))
2908 result *= cpp_dec_float<Digits10, ExponentType, Allocator>::pow2(e);
2911 template <unsigned Digits10, class ExponentType, class Allocator>
2912 inline void eval_frexp(cpp_dec_float<Digits10, ExponentType, Allocator>& result, const cpp_dec_float<Digits10, ExponentType, Allocator>& x, ExponentType* e)
2916 if (result.iszero() || (result.isinf)() || (result.isnan)())
2925 ExponentType t = result.order();
2927 if (abs(t) < ((std::numeric_limits<ExponentType>::max)() / 1000))
2938 result *= cpp_dec_float<Digits10, ExponentType, Allocator>::pow2(-t);
2940 if (result.iszero() || (result.isinf)() || (result.isnan)())
2942 // pow2 overflowed, slip the calculation up:
2947 result *= cpp_dec_float<Digits10, ExponentType, Allocator>::pow2(-t);
2950 if (abs(result.order()) > 5)
2952 // If our first estimate doesn't get close enough then try recursion until we do:
2954 cpp_dec_float<Digits10, ExponentType, Allocator> r2;
2955 eval_frexp(r2, result, &e2);
2956 // overflow protection:
2957 if ((t > 0) && (e2 > 0) && (t > (std::numeric_limits<ExponentType>::max)() - e2))
2958 BOOST_THROW_EXCEPTION(std::runtime_error("Exponent is too large to be represented as a power of 2."));
2959 if ((t < 0) && (e2 < 0) && (t < (std::numeric_limits<ExponentType>::min)() - e2))
2960 BOOST_THROW_EXCEPTION(std::runtime_error("Exponent is too large to be represented as a power of 2."));
2965 while (result.compare(cpp_dec_float<Digits10, ExponentType, Allocator>::one()) >= 0)
2967 result /= cpp_dec_float<Digits10, ExponentType, Allocator>::two();
2970 while (result.compare(cpp_dec_float<Digits10, ExponentType, Allocator>::half()) < 0)
2972 result *= cpp_dec_float<Digits10, ExponentType, Allocator>::two();
2980 template <unsigned Digits10, class ExponentType, class Allocator>
2981 inline typename disable_if<is_same<ExponentType, int> >::type eval_frexp(cpp_dec_float<Digits10, ExponentType, Allocator>& result, const cpp_dec_float<Digits10, ExponentType, Allocator>& x, int* e)
2984 eval_frexp(result, x, &t);
2985 if ((t > (std::numeric_limits<int>::max)()) || (t < (std::numeric_limits<int>::min)()))
2986 BOOST_THROW_EXCEPTION(std::runtime_error("Exponent is outside the range of an int"));
2987 *e = static_cast<int>(t);
2990 template <unsigned Digits10, class ExponentType, class Allocator>
2991 inline bool eval_is_zero(const cpp_dec_float<Digits10, ExponentType, Allocator>& val)
2993 return val.iszero();
2995 template <unsigned Digits10, class ExponentType, class Allocator>
2996 inline int eval_get_sign(const cpp_dec_float<Digits10, ExponentType, Allocator>& val)
2998 return val.iszero() ? 0 : val.isneg() ? -1 : 1;
3001 template <unsigned Digits10, class ExponentType, class Allocator>
3002 inline std::size_t hash_value(const cpp_dec_float<Digits10, ExponentType, Allocator>& val)
3007 } // namespace backends
3009 using boost::multiprecision::backends::cpp_dec_float;
3011 typedef number<cpp_dec_float<50> > cpp_dec_float_50;
3012 typedef number<cpp_dec_float<100> > cpp_dec_float_100;
3014 #ifdef BOOST_NO_SFINAE_EXPR
3018 template <unsigned D1, class E1, class A1, unsigned D2, class E2, class A2>
3019 struct is_explicitly_convertible<cpp_dec_float<D1, E1, A1>, cpp_dec_float<D2, E2, A2> > : public mpl::true_
3022 } // namespace detail
3026 }} // namespace boost::multiprecision
3029 template <unsigned Digits10, class ExponentType, class Allocator, boost::multiprecision::expression_template_option ExpressionTemplates>
3030 class numeric_limits<boost::multiprecision::number<boost::multiprecision::cpp_dec_float<Digits10, ExponentType, Allocator>, ExpressionTemplates> >
3033 BOOST_STATIC_CONSTEXPR bool is_specialized = true;
3034 BOOST_STATIC_CONSTEXPR bool is_signed = true;
3035 BOOST_STATIC_CONSTEXPR bool is_integer = false;
3036 BOOST_STATIC_CONSTEXPR bool is_exact = false;
3037 BOOST_STATIC_CONSTEXPR bool is_bounded = true;
3038 BOOST_STATIC_CONSTEXPR bool is_modulo = false;
3039 BOOST_STATIC_CONSTEXPR bool is_iec559 = false;
3040 BOOST_STATIC_CONSTEXPR int digits = boost::multiprecision::cpp_dec_float<Digits10, ExponentType, Allocator>::cpp_dec_float_digits10;
3041 BOOST_STATIC_CONSTEXPR int digits10 = boost::multiprecision::cpp_dec_float<Digits10, ExponentType, Allocator>::cpp_dec_float_digits10;
3042 BOOST_STATIC_CONSTEXPR int max_digits10 = boost::multiprecision::cpp_dec_float<Digits10, ExponentType, Allocator>::cpp_dec_float_total_digits10;
3043 BOOST_STATIC_CONSTEXPR ExponentType min_exponent = boost::multiprecision::cpp_dec_float<Digits10, ExponentType, Allocator>::cpp_dec_float_min_exp; // Type differs from int.
3044 BOOST_STATIC_CONSTEXPR ExponentType min_exponent10 = boost::multiprecision::cpp_dec_float<Digits10, ExponentType, Allocator>::cpp_dec_float_min_exp10; // Type differs from int.
3045 BOOST_STATIC_CONSTEXPR ExponentType max_exponent = boost::multiprecision::cpp_dec_float<Digits10, ExponentType, Allocator>::cpp_dec_float_max_exp; // Type differs from int.
3046 BOOST_STATIC_CONSTEXPR ExponentType max_exponent10 = boost::multiprecision::cpp_dec_float<Digits10, ExponentType, Allocator>::cpp_dec_float_max_exp10; // Type differs from int.
3047 BOOST_STATIC_CONSTEXPR int radix = boost::multiprecision::cpp_dec_float<Digits10, ExponentType, Allocator>::cpp_dec_float_radix;
3048 BOOST_STATIC_CONSTEXPR std::float_round_style round_style = std::round_indeterminate;
3049 BOOST_STATIC_CONSTEXPR bool has_infinity = true;
3050 BOOST_STATIC_CONSTEXPR bool has_quiet_NaN = true;
3051 BOOST_STATIC_CONSTEXPR bool has_signaling_NaN = false;
3052 BOOST_STATIC_CONSTEXPR std::float_denorm_style has_denorm = std::denorm_absent;
3053 BOOST_STATIC_CONSTEXPR bool has_denorm_loss = false;
3054 BOOST_STATIC_CONSTEXPR bool traps = false;
3055 BOOST_STATIC_CONSTEXPR bool tinyness_before = false;
3057 BOOST_STATIC_CONSTEXPR boost::multiprecision::number<boost::multiprecision::cpp_dec_float<Digits10, ExponentType, Allocator>, ExpressionTemplates>(min)() { return (boost::multiprecision::cpp_dec_float<Digits10, ExponentType, Allocator>::min)(); }
3058 BOOST_STATIC_CONSTEXPR boost::multiprecision::number<boost::multiprecision::cpp_dec_float<Digits10, ExponentType, Allocator>, ExpressionTemplates>(max)() { return (boost::multiprecision::cpp_dec_float<Digits10, ExponentType, Allocator>::max)(); }
3059 BOOST_STATIC_CONSTEXPR boost::multiprecision::number<boost::multiprecision::cpp_dec_float<Digits10, ExponentType, Allocator>, ExpressionTemplates> lowest() { return boost::multiprecision::cpp_dec_float<Digits10, ExponentType, Allocator>::zero(); }
3060 BOOST_STATIC_CONSTEXPR boost::multiprecision::number<boost::multiprecision::cpp_dec_float<Digits10, ExponentType, Allocator>, ExpressionTemplates> epsilon() { return boost::multiprecision::cpp_dec_float<Digits10, ExponentType, Allocator>::eps(); }
3061 BOOST_STATIC_CONSTEXPR boost::multiprecision::number<boost::multiprecision::cpp_dec_float<Digits10, ExponentType, Allocator>, ExpressionTemplates> round_error() { return 0.5L; }
3062 BOOST_STATIC_CONSTEXPR boost::multiprecision::number<boost::multiprecision::cpp_dec_float<Digits10, ExponentType, Allocator>, ExpressionTemplates> infinity() { return boost::multiprecision::cpp_dec_float<Digits10, ExponentType, Allocator>::inf(); }
3063 BOOST_STATIC_CONSTEXPR boost::multiprecision::number<boost::multiprecision::cpp_dec_float<Digits10, ExponentType, Allocator>, ExpressionTemplates> quiet_NaN() { return boost::multiprecision::cpp_dec_float<Digits10, ExponentType, Allocator>::nan(); }
3064 BOOST_STATIC_CONSTEXPR boost::multiprecision::number<boost::multiprecision::cpp_dec_float<Digits10, ExponentType, Allocator>, ExpressionTemplates> signaling_NaN() { return boost::multiprecision::cpp_dec_float<Digits10, ExponentType, Allocator>::zero(); }
3065 BOOST_STATIC_CONSTEXPR boost::multiprecision::number<boost::multiprecision::cpp_dec_float<Digits10, ExponentType, Allocator>, ExpressionTemplates> denorm_min() { return boost::multiprecision::cpp_dec_float<Digits10, ExponentType, Allocator>::zero(); }
3068 #ifndef BOOST_NO_INCLASS_MEMBER_INITIALIZATION
3070 template <unsigned Digits10, class ExponentType, class Allocator, boost::multiprecision::expression_template_option ExpressionTemplates>
3071 BOOST_CONSTEXPR_OR_CONST int numeric_limits<boost::multiprecision::number<boost::multiprecision::cpp_dec_float<Digits10, ExponentType, Allocator>, ExpressionTemplates> >::digits;
3072 template <unsigned Digits10, class ExponentType, class Allocator, boost::multiprecision::expression_template_option ExpressionTemplates>
3073 BOOST_CONSTEXPR_OR_CONST int numeric_limits<boost::multiprecision::number<boost::multiprecision::cpp_dec_float<Digits10, ExponentType, Allocator>, ExpressionTemplates> >::digits10;
3074 template <unsigned Digits10, class ExponentType, class Allocator, boost::multiprecision::expression_template_option ExpressionTemplates>
3075 BOOST_CONSTEXPR_OR_CONST int numeric_limits<boost::multiprecision::number<boost::multiprecision::cpp_dec_float<Digits10, ExponentType, Allocator>, ExpressionTemplates> >::max_digits10;
3076 template <unsigned Digits10, class ExponentType, class Allocator, boost::multiprecision::expression_template_option ExpressionTemplates>
3077 BOOST_CONSTEXPR_OR_CONST bool numeric_limits<boost::multiprecision::number<boost::multiprecision::cpp_dec_float<Digits10, ExponentType, Allocator>, ExpressionTemplates> >::is_signed;
3078 template <unsigned Digits10, class ExponentType, class Allocator, boost::multiprecision::expression_template_option ExpressionTemplates>
3079 BOOST_CONSTEXPR_OR_CONST bool numeric_limits<boost::multiprecision::number<boost::multiprecision::cpp_dec_float<Digits10, ExponentType, Allocator>, ExpressionTemplates> >::is_integer;
3080 template <unsigned Digits10, class ExponentType, class Allocator, boost::multiprecision::expression_template_option ExpressionTemplates>
3081 BOOST_CONSTEXPR_OR_CONST bool numeric_limits<boost::multiprecision::number<boost::multiprecision::cpp_dec_float<Digits10, ExponentType, Allocator>, ExpressionTemplates> >::is_exact;
3082 template <unsigned Digits10, class ExponentType, class Allocator, boost::multiprecision::expression_template_option ExpressionTemplates>
3083 BOOST_CONSTEXPR_OR_CONST int numeric_limits<boost::multiprecision::number<boost::multiprecision::cpp_dec_float<Digits10, ExponentType, Allocator>, ExpressionTemplates> >::radix;
3084 template <unsigned Digits10, class ExponentType, class Allocator, boost::multiprecision::expression_template_option ExpressionTemplates>
3085 BOOST_CONSTEXPR_OR_CONST ExponentType numeric_limits<boost::multiprecision::number<boost::multiprecision::cpp_dec_float<Digits10, ExponentType, Allocator>, ExpressionTemplates> >::min_exponent;
3086 template <unsigned Digits10, class ExponentType, class Allocator, boost::multiprecision::expression_template_option ExpressionTemplates>
3087 BOOST_CONSTEXPR_OR_CONST ExponentType numeric_limits<boost::multiprecision::number<boost::multiprecision::cpp_dec_float<Digits10, ExponentType, Allocator>, ExpressionTemplates> >::min_exponent10;
3088 template <unsigned Digits10, class ExponentType, class Allocator, boost::multiprecision::expression_template_option ExpressionTemplates>
3089 BOOST_CONSTEXPR_OR_CONST ExponentType numeric_limits<boost::multiprecision::number<boost::multiprecision::cpp_dec_float<Digits10, ExponentType, Allocator>, ExpressionTemplates> >::max_exponent;
3090 template <unsigned Digits10, class ExponentType, class Allocator, boost::multiprecision::expression_template_option ExpressionTemplates>
3091 BOOST_CONSTEXPR_OR_CONST ExponentType numeric_limits<boost::multiprecision::number<boost::multiprecision::cpp_dec_float<Digits10, ExponentType, Allocator>, ExpressionTemplates> >::max_exponent10;
3092 template <unsigned Digits10, class ExponentType, class Allocator, boost::multiprecision::expression_template_option ExpressionTemplates>
3093 BOOST_CONSTEXPR_OR_CONST bool numeric_limits<boost::multiprecision::number<boost::multiprecision::cpp_dec_float<Digits10, ExponentType, Allocator>, ExpressionTemplates> >::has_infinity;
3094 template <unsigned Digits10, class ExponentType, class Allocator, boost::multiprecision::expression_template_option ExpressionTemplates>
3095 BOOST_CONSTEXPR_OR_CONST bool numeric_limits<boost::multiprecision::number<boost::multiprecision::cpp_dec_float<Digits10, ExponentType, Allocator>, ExpressionTemplates> >::has_quiet_NaN;
3096 template <unsigned Digits10, class ExponentType, class Allocator, boost::multiprecision::expression_template_option ExpressionTemplates>
3097 BOOST_CONSTEXPR_OR_CONST bool numeric_limits<boost::multiprecision::number<boost::multiprecision::cpp_dec_float<Digits10, ExponentType, Allocator>, ExpressionTemplates> >::has_signaling_NaN;
3098 template <unsigned Digits10, class ExponentType, class Allocator, boost::multiprecision::expression_template_option ExpressionTemplates>
3099 BOOST_CONSTEXPR_OR_CONST float_denorm_style numeric_limits<boost::multiprecision::number<boost::multiprecision::cpp_dec_float<Digits10, ExponentType, Allocator>, ExpressionTemplates> >::has_denorm;
3100 template <unsigned Digits10, class ExponentType, class Allocator, boost::multiprecision::expression_template_option ExpressionTemplates>
3101 BOOST_CONSTEXPR_OR_CONST bool numeric_limits<boost::multiprecision::number<boost::multiprecision::cpp_dec_float<Digits10, ExponentType, Allocator>, ExpressionTemplates> >::has_denorm_loss;
3102 template <unsigned Digits10, class ExponentType, class Allocator, boost::multiprecision::expression_template_option ExpressionTemplates>
3103 BOOST_CONSTEXPR_OR_CONST bool numeric_limits<boost::multiprecision::number<boost::multiprecision::cpp_dec_float<Digits10, ExponentType, Allocator>, ExpressionTemplates> >::is_iec559;
3104 template <unsigned Digits10, class ExponentType, class Allocator, boost::multiprecision::expression_template_option ExpressionTemplates>
3105 BOOST_CONSTEXPR_OR_CONST bool numeric_limits<boost::multiprecision::number<boost::multiprecision::cpp_dec_float<Digits10, ExponentType, Allocator>, ExpressionTemplates> >::is_bounded;
3106 template <unsigned Digits10, class ExponentType, class Allocator, boost::multiprecision::expression_template_option ExpressionTemplates>
3107 BOOST_CONSTEXPR_OR_CONST bool numeric_limits<boost::multiprecision::number<boost::multiprecision::cpp_dec_float<Digits10, ExponentType, Allocator>, ExpressionTemplates> >::is_modulo;
3108 template <unsigned Digits10, class ExponentType, class Allocator, boost::multiprecision::expression_template_option ExpressionTemplates>
3109 BOOST_CONSTEXPR_OR_CONST bool numeric_limits<boost::multiprecision::number<boost::multiprecision::cpp_dec_float<Digits10, ExponentType, Allocator>, ExpressionTemplates> >::traps;
3110 template <unsigned Digits10, class ExponentType, class Allocator, boost::multiprecision::expression_template_option ExpressionTemplates>
3111 BOOST_CONSTEXPR_OR_CONST bool numeric_limits<boost::multiprecision::number<boost::multiprecision::cpp_dec_float<Digits10, ExponentType, Allocator>, ExpressionTemplates> >::tinyness_before;
3112 template <unsigned Digits10, class ExponentType, class Allocator, boost::multiprecision::expression_template_option ExpressionTemplates>
3113 BOOST_CONSTEXPR_OR_CONST float_round_style numeric_limits<boost::multiprecision::number<boost::multiprecision::cpp_dec_float<Digits10, ExponentType, Allocator>, ExpressionTemplates> >::round_style;
3121 namespace policies {
3123 template <unsigned Digits10, class ExponentType, class Allocator, class Policy, boost::multiprecision::expression_template_option ExpressionTemplates>
3124 struct precision<boost::multiprecision::number<boost::multiprecision::cpp_dec_float<Digits10, ExponentType, Allocator>, ExpressionTemplates>, Policy>
3126 // Define a local copy of cpp_dec_float_digits10 because it might differ
3127 // from the template parameter Digits10 for small or large digit counts.
3128 static const boost::int32_t cpp_dec_float_digits10 = boost::multiprecision::cpp_dec_float<Digits10, ExponentType, Allocator>::cpp_dec_float_digits10;
3130 typedef typename Policy::precision_type precision_type;
3131 typedef digits2<((cpp_dec_float_digits10 + 1LL) * 1000LL) / 301LL> digits_2;
3132 typedef typename mpl::if_c<
3133 ((digits_2::value <= precision_type::value) || (Policy::precision_type::value <= 0)),
3134 // Default case, full precision for RealType:
3136 // User customized precision:
3137 precision_type>::type type;
3142 }} // namespace boost::math::policies
3145 #pragma warning(pop)