5 #include <linux/module.h>
7 #include <linux/genhd.h>
8 #include <linux/kdev_t.h>
9 #include <linux/kernel.h>
10 #include <linux/blkdev.h>
11 #include <linux/init.h>
12 #include <linux/spinlock.h>
13 #include <linux/proc_fs.h>
14 #include <linux/seq_file.h>
15 #include <linux/slab.h>
16 #include <linux/kmod.h>
17 #include <linux/kobj_map.h>
18 #include <linux/buffer_head.h>
19 #include <linux/mutex.h>
20 #include <linux/idr.h>
21 #include <linux/log2.h>
25 static DEFINE_MUTEX(block_class_lock);
26 struct kobject *block_depr;
28 /* for extended dynamic devt allocation, currently only one major is used */
29 #define MAX_EXT_DEVT (1 << MINORBITS)
31 /* For extended devt allocation. ext_devt_mutex prevents look up
32 * results from going away underneath its user.
34 static DEFINE_MUTEX(ext_devt_mutex);
35 static DEFINE_IDR(ext_devt_idr);
37 static struct device_type disk_type;
39 static void disk_add_events(struct gendisk *disk);
40 static void disk_del_events(struct gendisk *disk);
41 static void disk_release_events(struct gendisk *disk);
44 * disk_get_part - get partition
45 * @disk: disk to look partition from
46 * @partno: partition number
48 * Look for partition @partno from @disk. If found, increment
49 * reference count and return it.
55 * Pointer to the found partition on success, NULL if not found.
57 struct hd_struct *disk_get_part(struct gendisk *disk, int partno)
59 struct hd_struct *part = NULL;
60 struct disk_part_tbl *ptbl;
62 if (unlikely(partno < 0))
67 ptbl = rcu_dereference(disk->part_tbl);
68 if (likely(partno < ptbl->len)) {
69 part = rcu_dereference(ptbl->part[partno]);
71 get_device(part_to_dev(part));
78 EXPORT_SYMBOL_GPL(disk_get_part);
81 * disk_part_iter_init - initialize partition iterator
82 * @piter: iterator to initialize
83 * @disk: disk to iterate over
84 * @flags: DISK_PITER_* flags
86 * Initialize @piter so that it iterates over partitions of @disk.
91 void disk_part_iter_init(struct disk_part_iter *piter, struct gendisk *disk,
94 struct disk_part_tbl *ptbl;
97 ptbl = rcu_dereference(disk->part_tbl);
102 if (flags & DISK_PITER_REVERSE)
103 piter->idx = ptbl->len - 1;
104 else if (flags & (DISK_PITER_INCL_PART0 | DISK_PITER_INCL_EMPTY_PART0))
109 piter->flags = flags;
113 EXPORT_SYMBOL_GPL(disk_part_iter_init);
116 * disk_part_iter_next - proceed iterator to the next partition and return it
117 * @piter: iterator of interest
119 * Proceed @piter to the next partition and return it.
124 struct hd_struct *disk_part_iter_next(struct disk_part_iter *piter)
126 struct disk_part_tbl *ptbl;
129 /* put the last partition */
130 disk_put_part(piter->part);
135 ptbl = rcu_dereference(piter->disk->part_tbl);
137 /* determine iteration parameters */
138 if (piter->flags & DISK_PITER_REVERSE) {
140 if (piter->flags & (DISK_PITER_INCL_PART0 |
141 DISK_PITER_INCL_EMPTY_PART0))
150 /* iterate to the next partition */
151 for (; piter->idx != end; piter->idx += inc) {
152 struct hd_struct *part;
154 part = rcu_dereference(ptbl->part[piter->idx]);
157 if (!part->nr_sects &&
158 !(piter->flags & DISK_PITER_INCL_EMPTY) &&
159 !(piter->flags & DISK_PITER_INCL_EMPTY_PART0 &&
163 get_device(part_to_dev(part));
173 EXPORT_SYMBOL_GPL(disk_part_iter_next);
176 * disk_part_iter_exit - finish up partition iteration
177 * @piter: iter of interest
179 * Called when iteration is over. Cleans up @piter.
184 void disk_part_iter_exit(struct disk_part_iter *piter)
186 disk_put_part(piter->part);
189 EXPORT_SYMBOL_GPL(disk_part_iter_exit);
191 static inline int sector_in_part(struct hd_struct *part, sector_t sector)
193 return part->start_sect <= sector &&
194 sector < part->start_sect + part->nr_sects;
198 * disk_map_sector_rcu - map sector to partition
199 * @disk: gendisk of interest
200 * @sector: sector to map
202 * Find out which partition @sector maps to on @disk. This is
203 * primarily used for stats accounting.
206 * RCU read locked. The returned partition pointer is valid only
207 * while preemption is disabled.
210 * Found partition on success, part0 is returned if no partition matches
212 struct hd_struct *disk_map_sector_rcu(struct gendisk *disk, sector_t sector)
214 struct disk_part_tbl *ptbl;
215 struct hd_struct *part;
218 ptbl = rcu_dereference(disk->part_tbl);
220 part = rcu_dereference(ptbl->last_lookup);
221 if (part && sector_in_part(part, sector))
224 for (i = 1; i < ptbl->len; i++) {
225 part = rcu_dereference(ptbl->part[i]);
227 if (part && sector_in_part(part, sector)) {
228 rcu_assign_pointer(ptbl->last_lookup, part);
234 EXPORT_SYMBOL_GPL(disk_map_sector_rcu);
237 * Can be deleted altogether. Later.
240 static struct blk_major_name {
241 struct blk_major_name *next;
244 } *major_names[BLKDEV_MAJOR_HASH_SIZE];
246 /* index in the above - for now: assume no multimajor ranges */
247 static inline int major_to_index(unsigned major)
249 return major % BLKDEV_MAJOR_HASH_SIZE;
252 #ifdef CONFIG_PROC_FS
253 void blkdev_show(struct seq_file *seqf, off_t offset)
255 struct blk_major_name *dp;
257 if (offset < BLKDEV_MAJOR_HASH_SIZE) {
258 mutex_lock(&block_class_lock);
259 for (dp = major_names[offset]; dp; dp = dp->next)
260 seq_printf(seqf, "%3d %s\n", dp->major, dp->name);
261 mutex_unlock(&block_class_lock);
264 #endif /* CONFIG_PROC_FS */
267 * register_blkdev - register a new block device
269 * @major: the requested major device number [1..255]. If @major=0, try to
270 * allocate any unused major number.
271 * @name: the name of the new block device as a zero terminated string
273 * The @name must be unique within the system.
275 * The return value depends on the @major input parameter.
276 * - if a major device number was requested in range [1..255] then the
277 * function returns zero on success, or a negative error code
278 * - if any unused major number was requested with @major=0 parameter
279 * then the return value is the allocated major number in range
280 * [1..255] or a negative error code otherwise
282 int register_blkdev(unsigned int major, const char *name)
284 struct blk_major_name **n, *p;
287 mutex_lock(&block_class_lock);
291 for (index = ARRAY_SIZE(major_names)-1; index > 0; index--) {
292 if (major_names[index] == NULL)
297 printk("register_blkdev: failed to get major for %s\n",
306 p = kmalloc(sizeof(struct blk_major_name), GFP_KERNEL);
313 strlcpy(p->name, name, sizeof(p->name));
315 index = major_to_index(major);
317 for (n = &major_names[index]; *n; n = &(*n)->next) {
318 if ((*n)->major == major)
327 printk("register_blkdev: cannot get major %d for %s\n",
332 mutex_unlock(&block_class_lock);
336 EXPORT_SYMBOL(register_blkdev);
338 void unregister_blkdev(unsigned int major, const char *name)
340 struct blk_major_name **n;
341 struct blk_major_name *p = NULL;
342 int index = major_to_index(major);
344 mutex_lock(&block_class_lock);
345 for (n = &major_names[index]; *n; n = &(*n)->next)
346 if ((*n)->major == major)
348 if (!*n || strcmp((*n)->name, name)) {
354 mutex_unlock(&block_class_lock);
358 EXPORT_SYMBOL(unregister_blkdev);
360 static struct kobj_map *bdev_map;
363 * blk_mangle_minor - scatter minor numbers apart
364 * @minor: minor number to mangle
366 * Scatter consecutively allocated @minor number apart if MANGLE_DEVT
367 * is enabled. Mangling twice gives the original value.
375 static int blk_mangle_minor(int minor)
377 #ifdef CONFIG_DEBUG_BLOCK_EXT_DEVT
380 for (i = 0; i < MINORBITS / 2; i++) {
381 int low = minor & (1 << i);
382 int high = minor & (1 << (MINORBITS - 1 - i));
383 int distance = MINORBITS - 1 - 2 * i;
385 minor ^= low | high; /* clear both bits */
386 low <<= distance; /* swap the positions */
388 minor |= low | high; /* and set */
395 * blk_alloc_devt - allocate a dev_t for a partition
396 * @part: partition to allocate dev_t for
397 * @devt: out parameter for resulting dev_t
399 * Allocate a dev_t for block device.
402 * 0 on success, allocated dev_t is returned in *@devt. -errno on
408 int blk_alloc_devt(struct hd_struct *part, dev_t *devt)
410 struct gendisk *disk = part_to_disk(part);
413 /* in consecutive minor range? */
414 if (part->partno < disk->minors) {
415 *devt = MKDEV(disk->major, disk->first_minor + part->partno);
419 /* allocate ext devt */
421 if (!idr_pre_get(&ext_devt_idr, GFP_KERNEL))
423 rc = idr_get_new(&ext_devt_idr, part, &idx);
424 } while (rc == -EAGAIN);
429 if (idx > MAX_EXT_DEVT) {
430 idr_remove(&ext_devt_idr, idx);
434 *devt = MKDEV(BLOCK_EXT_MAJOR, blk_mangle_minor(idx));
439 * blk_free_devt - free a dev_t
440 * @devt: dev_t to free
442 * Free @devt which was allocated using blk_alloc_devt().
447 void blk_free_devt(dev_t devt)
451 if (devt == MKDEV(0, 0))
454 if (MAJOR(devt) == BLOCK_EXT_MAJOR) {
455 mutex_lock(&ext_devt_mutex);
456 idr_remove(&ext_devt_idr, blk_mangle_minor(MINOR(devt)));
457 mutex_unlock(&ext_devt_mutex);
461 static char *bdevt_str(dev_t devt, char *buf)
463 if (MAJOR(devt) <= 0xff && MINOR(devt) <= 0xff) {
464 char tbuf[BDEVT_SIZE];
465 snprintf(tbuf, BDEVT_SIZE, "%02x%02x", MAJOR(devt), MINOR(devt));
466 snprintf(buf, BDEVT_SIZE, "%-9s", tbuf);
468 snprintf(buf, BDEVT_SIZE, "%03x:%05x", MAJOR(devt), MINOR(devt));
474 * Register device numbers dev..(dev+range-1)
475 * range must be nonzero
476 * The hash chain is sorted on range, so that subranges can override.
478 void blk_register_region(dev_t devt, unsigned long range, struct module *module,
479 struct kobject *(*probe)(dev_t, int *, void *),
480 int (*lock)(dev_t, void *), void *data)
482 kobj_map(bdev_map, devt, range, module, probe, lock, data);
485 EXPORT_SYMBOL(blk_register_region);
487 void blk_unregister_region(dev_t devt, unsigned long range)
489 kobj_unmap(bdev_map, devt, range);
492 EXPORT_SYMBOL(blk_unregister_region);
494 static struct kobject *exact_match(dev_t devt, int *partno, void *data)
496 struct gendisk *p = data;
498 return &disk_to_dev(p)->kobj;
501 static int exact_lock(dev_t devt, void *data)
503 struct gendisk *p = data;
510 void register_disk(struct gendisk *disk)
512 struct device *ddev = disk_to_dev(disk);
513 struct block_device *bdev;
514 struct disk_part_iter piter;
515 struct hd_struct *part;
518 ddev->parent = disk->driverfs_dev;
520 dev_set_name(ddev, disk->disk_name);
522 /* delay uevents, until we scanned partition table */
523 dev_set_uevent_suppress(ddev, 1);
525 if (device_add(ddev))
527 if (!sysfs_deprecated) {
528 err = sysfs_create_link(block_depr, &ddev->kobj,
529 kobject_name(&ddev->kobj));
535 disk->part0.holder_dir = kobject_create_and_add("holders", &ddev->kobj);
536 disk->slave_dir = kobject_create_and_add("slaves", &ddev->kobj);
538 /* No minors to use for partitions */
539 if (!disk_part_scan_enabled(disk))
542 /* No such device (e.g., media were just removed) */
543 if (!get_capacity(disk))
546 bdev = bdget_disk(disk, 0);
550 bdev->bd_invalidated = 1;
551 err = blkdev_get(bdev, FMODE_READ, NULL);
554 blkdev_put(bdev, FMODE_READ);
557 /* announce disk after possible partitions are created */
558 dev_set_uevent_suppress(ddev, 0);
559 kobject_uevent(&ddev->kobj, KOBJ_ADD);
561 /* announce possible partitions */
562 disk_part_iter_init(&piter, disk, 0);
563 while ((part = disk_part_iter_next(&piter)))
564 kobject_uevent(&part_to_dev(part)->kobj, KOBJ_ADD);
565 disk_part_iter_exit(&piter);
569 * add_disk - add partitioning information to kernel list
570 * @disk: per-device partitioning information
572 * This function registers the partitioning information in @disk
575 * FIXME: error handling
577 void add_disk(struct gendisk *disk)
579 struct backing_dev_info *bdi;
583 /* minors == 0 indicates to use ext devt from part0 and should
584 * be accompanied with EXT_DEVT flag. Make sure all
585 * parameters make sense.
587 WARN_ON(disk->minors && !(disk->major || disk->first_minor));
588 WARN_ON(!disk->minors && !(disk->flags & GENHD_FL_EXT_DEVT));
590 disk->flags |= GENHD_FL_UP;
592 retval = blk_alloc_devt(&disk->part0, &devt);
597 disk_to_dev(disk)->devt = devt;
599 /* ->major and ->first_minor aren't supposed to be
600 * dereferenced from here on, but set them just in case.
602 disk->major = MAJOR(devt);
603 disk->first_minor = MINOR(devt);
605 /* Register BDI before referencing it from bdev */
606 bdi = &disk->queue->backing_dev_info;
607 bdi_register_dev(bdi, disk_devt(disk));
609 blk_register_region(disk_devt(disk), disk->minors, NULL,
610 exact_match, exact_lock, disk);
612 blk_register_queue(disk);
615 * Take an extra ref on queue which will be put on disk_release()
616 * so that it sticks around as long as @disk is there.
618 WARN_ON_ONCE(blk_get_queue(disk->queue));
620 retval = sysfs_create_link(&disk_to_dev(disk)->kobj, &bdi->dev->kobj,
624 disk_add_events(disk);
626 EXPORT_SYMBOL(add_disk);
628 void del_gendisk(struct gendisk *disk)
630 struct disk_part_iter piter;
631 struct hd_struct *part;
633 disk_del_events(disk);
635 /* invalidate stuff */
636 disk_part_iter_init(&piter, disk,
637 DISK_PITER_INCL_EMPTY | DISK_PITER_REVERSE);
638 while ((part = disk_part_iter_next(&piter))) {
639 invalidate_partition(disk, part->partno);
640 delete_partition(disk, part->partno);
642 disk_part_iter_exit(&piter);
644 invalidate_partition(disk, 0);
645 blk_free_devt(disk_to_dev(disk)->devt);
646 set_capacity(disk, 0);
647 disk->flags &= ~GENHD_FL_UP;
649 sysfs_remove_link(&disk_to_dev(disk)->kobj, "bdi");
650 bdi_unregister(&disk->queue->backing_dev_info);
651 blk_unregister_queue(disk);
652 blk_unregister_region(disk_devt(disk), disk->minors);
654 part_stat_set_all(&disk->part0, 0);
655 disk->part0.stamp = 0;
657 kobject_put(disk->part0.holder_dir);
658 kobject_put(disk->slave_dir);
659 disk->driverfs_dev = NULL;
660 if (!sysfs_deprecated)
661 sysfs_remove_link(block_depr, dev_name(disk_to_dev(disk)));
662 device_del(disk_to_dev(disk));
664 EXPORT_SYMBOL(del_gendisk);
667 * get_gendisk - get partitioning information for a given device
668 * @devt: device to get partitioning information for
669 * @partno: returned partition index
671 * This function gets the structure containing partitioning
672 * information for the given device @devt.
674 struct gendisk *get_gendisk(dev_t devt, int *partno)
676 struct gendisk *disk = NULL;
678 if (MAJOR(devt) != BLOCK_EXT_MAJOR) {
679 struct kobject *kobj;
681 kobj = kobj_lookup(bdev_map, devt, partno);
683 disk = dev_to_disk(kobj_to_dev(kobj));
685 struct hd_struct *part;
687 mutex_lock(&ext_devt_mutex);
688 part = idr_find(&ext_devt_idr, blk_mangle_minor(MINOR(devt)));
689 if (part && get_disk(part_to_disk(part))) {
690 *partno = part->partno;
691 disk = part_to_disk(part);
693 mutex_unlock(&ext_devt_mutex);
698 EXPORT_SYMBOL(get_gendisk);
701 * bdget_disk - do bdget() by gendisk and partition number
702 * @disk: gendisk of interest
703 * @partno: partition number
705 * Find partition @partno from @disk, do bdget() on it.
711 * Resulting block_device on success, NULL on failure.
713 struct block_device *bdget_disk(struct gendisk *disk, int partno)
715 struct hd_struct *part;
716 struct block_device *bdev = NULL;
718 part = disk_get_part(disk, partno);
720 bdev = bdget(part_devt(part));
725 EXPORT_SYMBOL(bdget_disk);
728 * print a full list of all partitions - intended for places where the root
729 * filesystem can't be mounted and thus to give the victim some idea of what
732 void __init printk_all_partitions(void)
734 struct class_dev_iter iter;
737 class_dev_iter_init(&iter, &block_class, NULL, &disk_type);
738 while ((dev = class_dev_iter_next(&iter))) {
739 struct gendisk *disk = dev_to_disk(dev);
740 struct disk_part_iter piter;
741 struct hd_struct *part;
742 char name_buf[BDEVNAME_SIZE];
743 char devt_buf[BDEVT_SIZE];
744 u8 uuid[PARTITION_META_INFO_UUIDLTH * 2 + 1];
747 * Don't show empty devices or things that have been
750 if (get_capacity(disk) == 0 ||
751 (disk->flags & GENHD_FL_SUPPRESS_PARTITION_INFO))
755 * Note, unlike /proc/partitions, I am showing the
756 * numbers in hex - the same format as the root=
759 disk_part_iter_init(&piter, disk, DISK_PITER_INCL_PART0);
760 while ((part = disk_part_iter_next(&piter))) {
761 bool is_part0 = part == &disk->part0;
765 part_unpack_uuid(part->info->uuid, uuid);
767 printk("%s%s %10llu %s %s", is_part0 ? "" : " ",
768 bdevt_str(part_devt(part), devt_buf),
769 (unsigned long long)part->nr_sects >> 1,
770 disk_name(disk, part->partno, name_buf), uuid);
772 if (disk->driverfs_dev != NULL &&
773 disk->driverfs_dev->driver != NULL)
774 printk(" driver: %s\n",
775 disk->driverfs_dev->driver->name);
777 printk(" (driver?)\n");
781 disk_part_iter_exit(&piter);
783 class_dev_iter_exit(&iter);
786 #ifdef CONFIG_PROC_FS
788 static void *disk_seqf_start(struct seq_file *seqf, loff_t *pos)
791 struct class_dev_iter *iter;
794 iter = kmalloc(sizeof(*iter), GFP_KERNEL);
796 return ERR_PTR(-ENOMEM);
798 seqf->private = iter;
799 class_dev_iter_init(iter, &block_class, NULL, &disk_type);
801 dev = class_dev_iter_next(iter);
806 return dev_to_disk(dev);
809 static void *disk_seqf_next(struct seq_file *seqf, void *v, loff_t *pos)
814 dev = class_dev_iter_next(seqf->private);
816 return dev_to_disk(dev);
821 static void disk_seqf_stop(struct seq_file *seqf, void *v)
823 struct class_dev_iter *iter = seqf->private;
825 /* stop is called even after start failed :-( */
827 class_dev_iter_exit(iter);
832 static void *show_partition_start(struct seq_file *seqf, loff_t *pos)
836 p = disk_seqf_start(seqf, pos);
837 if (!IS_ERR_OR_NULL(p) && !*pos)
838 seq_puts(seqf, "major minor #blocks name\n\n");
842 static int show_partition(struct seq_file *seqf, void *v)
844 struct gendisk *sgp = v;
845 struct disk_part_iter piter;
846 struct hd_struct *part;
847 char buf[BDEVNAME_SIZE];
849 /* Don't show non-partitionable removeable devices or empty devices */
850 if (!get_capacity(sgp) || (!disk_max_parts(sgp) &&
851 (sgp->flags & GENHD_FL_REMOVABLE)))
853 if (sgp->flags & GENHD_FL_SUPPRESS_PARTITION_INFO)
856 /* show the full disk and all non-0 size partitions of it */
857 disk_part_iter_init(&piter, sgp, DISK_PITER_INCL_PART0);
858 while ((part = disk_part_iter_next(&piter)))
859 seq_printf(seqf, "%4d %7d %10llu %s\n",
860 MAJOR(part_devt(part)), MINOR(part_devt(part)),
861 (unsigned long long)part->nr_sects >> 1,
862 disk_name(sgp, part->partno, buf));
863 disk_part_iter_exit(&piter);
868 static const struct seq_operations partitions_op = {
869 .start = show_partition_start,
870 .next = disk_seqf_next,
871 .stop = disk_seqf_stop,
872 .show = show_partition
875 static int partitions_open(struct inode *inode, struct file *file)
877 return seq_open(file, &partitions_op);
880 static const struct file_operations proc_partitions_operations = {
881 .open = partitions_open,
884 .release = seq_release,
889 static struct kobject *base_probe(dev_t devt, int *partno, void *data)
891 if (request_module("block-major-%d-%d", MAJOR(devt), MINOR(devt)) > 0)
892 /* Make old-style 2.4 aliases work */
893 request_module("block-major-%d", MAJOR(devt));
897 static int __init genhd_device_init(void)
901 block_class.dev_kobj = sysfs_dev_block_kobj;
902 error = class_register(&block_class);
905 bdev_map = kobj_map_init(base_probe, &block_class_lock);
908 register_blkdev(BLOCK_EXT_MAJOR, "blkext");
910 /* create top-level block dir */
911 if (!sysfs_deprecated)
912 block_depr = kobject_create_and_add("block", NULL);
916 subsys_initcall(genhd_device_init);
918 static ssize_t disk_range_show(struct device *dev,
919 struct device_attribute *attr, char *buf)
921 struct gendisk *disk = dev_to_disk(dev);
923 return sprintf(buf, "%d\n", disk->minors);
926 static ssize_t disk_ext_range_show(struct device *dev,
927 struct device_attribute *attr, char *buf)
929 struct gendisk *disk = dev_to_disk(dev);
931 return sprintf(buf, "%d\n", disk_max_parts(disk));
934 static ssize_t disk_removable_show(struct device *dev,
935 struct device_attribute *attr, char *buf)
937 struct gendisk *disk = dev_to_disk(dev);
939 return sprintf(buf, "%d\n",
940 (disk->flags & GENHD_FL_REMOVABLE ? 1 : 0));
943 static ssize_t disk_ro_show(struct device *dev,
944 struct device_attribute *attr, char *buf)
946 struct gendisk *disk = dev_to_disk(dev);
948 return sprintf(buf, "%d\n", get_disk_ro(disk) ? 1 : 0);
951 static ssize_t disk_capability_show(struct device *dev,
952 struct device_attribute *attr, char *buf)
954 struct gendisk *disk = dev_to_disk(dev);
956 return sprintf(buf, "%x\n", disk->flags);
959 static ssize_t disk_alignment_offset_show(struct device *dev,
960 struct device_attribute *attr,
963 struct gendisk *disk = dev_to_disk(dev);
965 return sprintf(buf, "%d\n", queue_alignment_offset(disk->queue));
968 static ssize_t disk_discard_alignment_show(struct device *dev,
969 struct device_attribute *attr,
972 struct gendisk *disk = dev_to_disk(dev);
974 return sprintf(buf, "%d\n", queue_discard_alignment(disk->queue));
977 static DEVICE_ATTR(range, S_IRUGO, disk_range_show, NULL);
978 static DEVICE_ATTR(ext_range, S_IRUGO, disk_ext_range_show, NULL);
979 static DEVICE_ATTR(removable, S_IRUGO, disk_removable_show, NULL);
980 static DEVICE_ATTR(ro, S_IRUGO, disk_ro_show, NULL);
981 static DEVICE_ATTR(size, S_IRUGO, part_size_show, NULL);
982 static DEVICE_ATTR(alignment_offset, S_IRUGO, disk_alignment_offset_show, NULL);
983 static DEVICE_ATTR(discard_alignment, S_IRUGO, disk_discard_alignment_show,
985 static DEVICE_ATTR(capability, S_IRUGO, disk_capability_show, NULL);
986 static DEVICE_ATTR(stat, S_IRUGO, part_stat_show, NULL);
987 static DEVICE_ATTR(inflight, S_IRUGO, part_inflight_show, NULL);
988 #ifdef CONFIG_FAIL_MAKE_REQUEST
989 static struct device_attribute dev_attr_fail =
990 __ATTR(make-it-fail, S_IRUGO|S_IWUSR, part_fail_show, part_fail_store);
992 #ifdef CONFIG_FAIL_IO_TIMEOUT
993 static struct device_attribute dev_attr_fail_timeout =
994 __ATTR(io-timeout-fail, S_IRUGO|S_IWUSR, part_timeout_show,
998 static struct attribute *disk_attrs[] = {
999 &dev_attr_range.attr,
1000 &dev_attr_ext_range.attr,
1001 &dev_attr_removable.attr,
1003 &dev_attr_size.attr,
1004 &dev_attr_alignment_offset.attr,
1005 &dev_attr_discard_alignment.attr,
1006 &dev_attr_capability.attr,
1007 &dev_attr_stat.attr,
1008 &dev_attr_inflight.attr,
1009 #ifdef CONFIG_FAIL_MAKE_REQUEST
1010 &dev_attr_fail.attr,
1012 #ifdef CONFIG_FAIL_IO_TIMEOUT
1013 &dev_attr_fail_timeout.attr,
1018 static struct attribute_group disk_attr_group = {
1019 .attrs = disk_attrs,
1022 static const struct attribute_group *disk_attr_groups[] = {
1028 * disk_replace_part_tbl - replace disk->part_tbl in RCU-safe way
1029 * @disk: disk to replace part_tbl for
1030 * @new_ptbl: new part_tbl to install
1032 * Replace disk->part_tbl with @new_ptbl in RCU-safe way. The
1033 * original ptbl is freed using RCU callback.
1036 * Matching bd_mutx locked.
1038 static void disk_replace_part_tbl(struct gendisk *disk,
1039 struct disk_part_tbl *new_ptbl)
1041 struct disk_part_tbl *old_ptbl = disk->part_tbl;
1043 rcu_assign_pointer(disk->part_tbl, new_ptbl);
1046 rcu_assign_pointer(old_ptbl->last_lookup, NULL);
1047 kfree_rcu(old_ptbl, rcu_head);
1052 * disk_expand_part_tbl - expand disk->part_tbl
1053 * @disk: disk to expand part_tbl for
1054 * @partno: expand such that this partno can fit in
1056 * Expand disk->part_tbl such that @partno can fit in. disk->part_tbl
1057 * uses RCU to allow unlocked dereferencing for stats and other stuff.
1060 * Matching bd_mutex locked, might sleep.
1063 * 0 on success, -errno on failure.
1065 int disk_expand_part_tbl(struct gendisk *disk, int partno)
1067 struct disk_part_tbl *old_ptbl = disk->part_tbl;
1068 struct disk_part_tbl *new_ptbl;
1069 int len = old_ptbl ? old_ptbl->len : 0;
1070 int target = partno + 1;
1074 /* disk_max_parts() is zero during initialization, ignore if so */
1075 if (disk_max_parts(disk) && target > disk_max_parts(disk))
1081 size = sizeof(*new_ptbl) + target * sizeof(new_ptbl->part[0]);
1082 new_ptbl = kzalloc_node(size, GFP_KERNEL, disk->node_id);
1086 new_ptbl->len = target;
1088 for (i = 0; i < len; i++)
1089 rcu_assign_pointer(new_ptbl->part[i], old_ptbl->part[i]);
1091 disk_replace_part_tbl(disk, new_ptbl);
1095 static void disk_release(struct device *dev)
1097 struct gendisk *disk = dev_to_disk(dev);
1099 disk_release_events(disk);
1100 kfree(disk->random);
1101 disk_replace_part_tbl(disk, NULL);
1102 free_part_stats(&disk->part0);
1103 free_part_info(&disk->part0);
1105 blk_put_queue(disk->queue);
1108 struct class block_class = {
1112 static char *block_devnode(struct device *dev, mode_t *mode)
1114 struct gendisk *disk = dev_to_disk(dev);
1117 return disk->devnode(disk, mode);
1121 static struct device_type disk_type = {
1123 .groups = disk_attr_groups,
1124 .release = disk_release,
1125 .devnode = block_devnode,
1128 #ifdef CONFIG_PROC_FS
1130 * aggregate disk stat collector. Uses the same stats that the sysfs
1131 * entries do, above, but makes them available through one seq_file.
1133 * The output looks suspiciously like /proc/partitions with a bunch of
1136 static int diskstats_show(struct seq_file *seqf, void *v)
1138 struct gendisk *gp = v;
1139 struct disk_part_iter piter;
1140 struct hd_struct *hd;
1141 char buf[BDEVNAME_SIZE];
1145 if (&disk_to_dev(gp)->kobj.entry == block_class.devices.next)
1146 seq_puts(seqf, "major minor name"
1147 " rio rmerge rsect ruse wio wmerge "
1148 "wsect wuse running use aveq"
1152 disk_part_iter_init(&piter, gp, DISK_PITER_INCL_EMPTY_PART0);
1153 while ((hd = disk_part_iter_next(&piter))) {
1154 cpu = part_stat_lock();
1155 part_round_stats(cpu, hd);
1157 seq_printf(seqf, "%4d %7d %s %lu %lu %lu "
1158 "%u %lu %lu %lu %u %u %u %u\n",
1159 MAJOR(part_devt(hd)), MINOR(part_devt(hd)),
1160 disk_name(gp, hd->partno, buf),
1161 part_stat_read(hd, ios[READ]),
1162 part_stat_read(hd, merges[READ]),
1163 part_stat_read(hd, sectors[READ]),
1164 jiffies_to_msecs(part_stat_read(hd, ticks[READ])),
1165 part_stat_read(hd, ios[WRITE]),
1166 part_stat_read(hd, merges[WRITE]),
1167 part_stat_read(hd, sectors[WRITE]),
1168 jiffies_to_msecs(part_stat_read(hd, ticks[WRITE])),
1170 jiffies_to_msecs(part_stat_read(hd, io_ticks)),
1171 jiffies_to_msecs(part_stat_read(hd, time_in_queue))
1174 disk_part_iter_exit(&piter);
1179 static const struct seq_operations diskstats_op = {
1180 .start = disk_seqf_start,
1181 .next = disk_seqf_next,
1182 .stop = disk_seqf_stop,
1183 .show = diskstats_show
1186 static int diskstats_open(struct inode *inode, struct file *file)
1188 return seq_open(file, &diskstats_op);
1191 static const struct file_operations proc_diskstats_operations = {
1192 .open = diskstats_open,
1194 .llseek = seq_lseek,
1195 .release = seq_release,
1198 static int __init proc_genhd_init(void)
1200 proc_create("diskstats", 0, NULL, &proc_diskstats_operations);
1201 proc_create("partitions", 0, NULL, &proc_partitions_operations);
1204 module_init(proc_genhd_init);
1205 #endif /* CONFIG_PROC_FS */
1207 dev_t blk_lookup_devt(const char *name, int partno)
1209 dev_t devt = MKDEV(0, 0);
1210 struct class_dev_iter iter;
1213 class_dev_iter_init(&iter, &block_class, NULL, &disk_type);
1214 while ((dev = class_dev_iter_next(&iter))) {
1215 struct gendisk *disk = dev_to_disk(dev);
1216 struct hd_struct *part;
1218 if (strcmp(dev_name(dev), name))
1221 if (partno < disk->minors) {
1222 /* We need to return the right devno, even
1223 * if the partition doesn't exist yet.
1225 devt = MKDEV(MAJOR(dev->devt),
1226 MINOR(dev->devt) + partno);
1229 part = disk_get_part(disk, partno);
1231 devt = part_devt(part);
1232 disk_put_part(part);
1235 disk_put_part(part);
1237 class_dev_iter_exit(&iter);
1240 EXPORT_SYMBOL(blk_lookup_devt);
1242 struct gendisk *alloc_disk(int minors)
1244 return alloc_disk_node(minors, -1);
1246 EXPORT_SYMBOL(alloc_disk);
1248 struct gendisk *alloc_disk_node(int minors, int node_id)
1250 struct gendisk *disk;
1252 disk = kmalloc_node(sizeof(struct gendisk),
1253 GFP_KERNEL | __GFP_ZERO, node_id);
1255 if (!init_part_stats(&disk->part0)) {
1259 disk->node_id = node_id;
1260 if (disk_expand_part_tbl(disk, 0)) {
1261 free_part_stats(&disk->part0);
1265 disk->part_tbl->part[0] = &disk->part0;
1267 hd_ref_init(&disk->part0);
1269 disk->minors = minors;
1270 rand_initialize_disk(disk);
1271 disk_to_dev(disk)->class = &block_class;
1272 disk_to_dev(disk)->type = &disk_type;
1273 device_initialize(disk_to_dev(disk));
1277 EXPORT_SYMBOL(alloc_disk_node);
1279 struct kobject *get_disk(struct gendisk *disk)
1281 struct module *owner;
1282 struct kobject *kobj;
1286 owner = disk->fops->owner;
1287 if (owner && !try_module_get(owner))
1289 kobj = kobject_get(&disk_to_dev(disk)->kobj);
1298 EXPORT_SYMBOL(get_disk);
1300 void put_disk(struct gendisk *disk)
1303 kobject_put(&disk_to_dev(disk)->kobj);
1306 EXPORT_SYMBOL(put_disk);
1308 static void set_disk_ro_uevent(struct gendisk *gd, int ro)
1310 char event[] = "DISK_RO=1";
1311 char *envp[] = { event, NULL };
1315 kobject_uevent_env(&disk_to_dev(gd)->kobj, KOBJ_CHANGE, envp);
1318 void set_device_ro(struct block_device *bdev, int flag)
1320 bdev->bd_part->policy = flag;
1323 EXPORT_SYMBOL(set_device_ro);
1325 void set_disk_ro(struct gendisk *disk, int flag)
1327 struct disk_part_iter piter;
1328 struct hd_struct *part;
1330 if (disk->part0.policy != flag) {
1331 set_disk_ro_uevent(disk, flag);
1332 disk->part0.policy = flag;
1335 disk_part_iter_init(&piter, disk, DISK_PITER_INCL_EMPTY);
1336 while ((part = disk_part_iter_next(&piter)))
1337 part->policy = flag;
1338 disk_part_iter_exit(&piter);
1341 EXPORT_SYMBOL(set_disk_ro);
1343 int bdev_read_only(struct block_device *bdev)
1347 return bdev->bd_part->policy;
1350 EXPORT_SYMBOL(bdev_read_only);
1352 int invalidate_partition(struct gendisk *disk, int partno)
1355 struct block_device *bdev = bdget_disk(disk, partno);
1358 res = __invalidate_device(bdev, true);
1364 EXPORT_SYMBOL(invalidate_partition);
1367 * Disk events - monitor disk events like media change and eject request.
1369 struct disk_events {
1370 struct list_head node; /* all disk_event's */
1371 struct gendisk *disk; /* the associated disk */
1374 struct mutex block_mutex; /* protects blocking */
1375 int block; /* event blocking depth */
1376 unsigned int pending; /* events already sent out */
1377 unsigned int clearing; /* events being cleared */
1379 long poll_msecs; /* interval, -1 for default */
1380 struct delayed_work dwork;
1383 static const char *disk_events_strs[] = {
1384 [ilog2(DISK_EVENT_MEDIA_CHANGE)] = "media_change",
1385 [ilog2(DISK_EVENT_EJECT_REQUEST)] = "eject_request",
1388 static char *disk_uevents[] = {
1389 [ilog2(DISK_EVENT_MEDIA_CHANGE)] = "DISK_MEDIA_CHANGE=1",
1390 [ilog2(DISK_EVENT_EJECT_REQUEST)] = "DISK_EJECT_REQUEST=1",
1393 /* list of all disk_events */
1394 static DEFINE_MUTEX(disk_events_mutex);
1395 static LIST_HEAD(disk_events);
1397 /* disable in-kernel polling by default */
1398 static unsigned long disk_events_dfl_poll_msecs = 0;
1400 static unsigned long disk_events_poll_jiffies(struct gendisk *disk)
1402 struct disk_events *ev = disk->ev;
1403 long intv_msecs = 0;
1406 * If device-specific poll interval is set, always use it. If
1407 * the default is being used, poll iff there are events which
1408 * can't be monitored asynchronously.
1410 if (ev->poll_msecs >= 0)
1411 intv_msecs = ev->poll_msecs;
1412 else if (disk->events & ~disk->async_events)
1413 intv_msecs = disk_events_dfl_poll_msecs;
1415 return msecs_to_jiffies(intv_msecs);
1419 * disk_block_events - block and flush disk event checking
1420 * @disk: disk to block events for
1422 * On return from this function, it is guaranteed that event checking
1423 * isn't in progress and won't happen until unblocked by
1424 * disk_unblock_events(). Events blocking is counted and the actual
1425 * unblocking happens after the matching number of unblocks are done.
1427 * Note that this intentionally does not block event checking from
1428 * disk_clear_events().
1433 void disk_block_events(struct gendisk *disk)
1435 struct disk_events *ev = disk->ev;
1436 unsigned long flags;
1443 * Outer mutex ensures that the first blocker completes canceling
1444 * the event work before further blockers are allowed to finish.
1446 mutex_lock(&ev->block_mutex);
1448 spin_lock_irqsave(&ev->lock, flags);
1449 cancel = !ev->block++;
1450 spin_unlock_irqrestore(&ev->lock, flags);
1453 cancel_delayed_work_sync(&disk->ev->dwork);
1455 mutex_unlock(&ev->block_mutex);
1458 static void __disk_unblock_events(struct gendisk *disk, bool check_now)
1460 struct disk_events *ev = disk->ev;
1462 unsigned long flags;
1464 spin_lock_irqsave(&ev->lock, flags);
1466 if (WARN_ON_ONCE(ev->block <= 0))
1473 * Not exactly a latency critical operation, set poll timer
1474 * slack to 25% and kick event check.
1476 intv = disk_events_poll_jiffies(disk);
1477 set_timer_slack(&ev->dwork.timer, intv / 4);
1479 queue_delayed_work(system_nrt_wq, &ev->dwork, 0);
1481 queue_delayed_work(system_nrt_wq, &ev->dwork, intv);
1483 spin_unlock_irqrestore(&ev->lock, flags);
1487 * disk_unblock_events - unblock disk event checking
1488 * @disk: disk to unblock events for
1490 * Undo disk_block_events(). When the block count reaches zero, it
1491 * starts events polling if configured.
1494 * Don't care. Safe to call from irq context.
1496 void disk_unblock_events(struct gendisk *disk)
1499 __disk_unblock_events(disk, false);
1503 * disk_flush_events - schedule immediate event checking and flushing
1504 * @disk: disk to check and flush events for
1505 * @mask: events to flush
1507 * Schedule immediate event checking on @disk if not blocked. Events in
1508 * @mask are scheduled to be cleared from the driver. Note that this
1509 * doesn't clear the events from @disk->ev.
1512 * If @mask is non-zero must be called with bdev->bd_mutex held.
1514 void disk_flush_events(struct gendisk *disk, unsigned int mask)
1516 struct disk_events *ev = disk->ev;
1521 spin_lock_irq(&ev->lock);
1522 ev->clearing |= mask;
1524 cancel_delayed_work(&ev->dwork);
1525 queue_delayed_work(system_nrt_wq, &ev->dwork, 0);
1527 spin_unlock_irq(&ev->lock);
1531 * disk_clear_events - synchronously check, clear and return pending events
1532 * @disk: disk to fetch and clear events from
1533 * @mask: mask of events to be fetched and clearted
1535 * Disk events are synchronously checked and pending events in @mask
1536 * are cleared and returned. This ignores the block count.
1541 unsigned int disk_clear_events(struct gendisk *disk, unsigned int mask)
1543 const struct block_device_operations *bdops = disk->fops;
1544 struct disk_events *ev = disk->ev;
1545 unsigned int pending;
1548 /* for drivers still using the old ->media_changed method */
1549 if ((mask & DISK_EVENT_MEDIA_CHANGE) &&
1550 bdops->media_changed && bdops->media_changed(disk))
1551 return DISK_EVENT_MEDIA_CHANGE;
1555 /* tell the workfn about the events being cleared */
1556 spin_lock_irq(&ev->lock);
1557 ev->clearing |= mask;
1558 spin_unlock_irq(&ev->lock);
1560 /* uncondtionally schedule event check and wait for it to finish */
1561 disk_block_events(disk);
1562 queue_delayed_work(system_nrt_wq, &ev->dwork, 0);
1563 flush_delayed_work(&ev->dwork);
1564 __disk_unblock_events(disk, false);
1566 /* then, fetch and clear pending events */
1567 spin_lock_irq(&ev->lock);
1568 WARN_ON_ONCE(ev->clearing & mask); /* cleared by workfn */
1569 pending = ev->pending & mask;
1570 ev->pending &= ~mask;
1571 spin_unlock_irq(&ev->lock);
1576 static void disk_events_workfn(struct work_struct *work)
1578 struct delayed_work *dwork = to_delayed_work(work);
1579 struct disk_events *ev = container_of(dwork, struct disk_events, dwork);
1580 struct gendisk *disk = ev->disk;
1581 char *envp[ARRAY_SIZE(disk_uevents) + 1] = { };
1582 unsigned int clearing = ev->clearing;
1583 unsigned int events;
1585 int nr_events = 0, i;
1588 events = disk->fops->check_events(disk, clearing);
1590 /* accumulate pending events and schedule next poll if necessary */
1591 spin_lock_irq(&ev->lock);
1593 events &= ~ev->pending;
1594 ev->pending |= events;
1595 ev->clearing &= ~clearing;
1597 intv = disk_events_poll_jiffies(disk);
1598 if (!ev->block && intv)
1599 queue_delayed_work(system_nrt_wq, &ev->dwork, intv);
1601 spin_unlock_irq(&ev->lock);
1604 * Tell userland about new events. Only the events listed in
1605 * @disk->events are reported. Unlisted events are processed the
1606 * same internally but never get reported to userland.
1608 for (i = 0; i < ARRAY_SIZE(disk_uevents); i++)
1609 if (events & disk->events & (1 << i))
1610 envp[nr_events++] = disk_uevents[i];
1613 kobject_uevent_env(&disk_to_dev(disk)->kobj, KOBJ_CHANGE, envp);
1617 * A disk events enabled device has the following sysfs nodes under
1618 * its /sys/block/X/ directory.
1620 * events : list of all supported events
1621 * events_async : list of events which can be detected w/o polling
1622 * events_poll_msecs : polling interval, 0: disable, -1: system default
1624 static ssize_t __disk_events_show(unsigned int events, char *buf)
1626 const char *delim = "";
1630 for (i = 0; i < ARRAY_SIZE(disk_events_strs); i++)
1631 if (events & (1 << i)) {
1632 pos += sprintf(buf + pos, "%s%s",
1633 delim, disk_events_strs[i]);
1637 pos += sprintf(buf + pos, "\n");
1641 static ssize_t disk_events_show(struct device *dev,
1642 struct device_attribute *attr, char *buf)
1644 struct gendisk *disk = dev_to_disk(dev);
1646 return __disk_events_show(disk->events, buf);
1649 static ssize_t disk_events_async_show(struct device *dev,
1650 struct device_attribute *attr, char *buf)
1652 struct gendisk *disk = dev_to_disk(dev);
1654 return __disk_events_show(disk->async_events, buf);
1657 static ssize_t disk_events_poll_msecs_show(struct device *dev,
1658 struct device_attribute *attr,
1661 struct gendisk *disk = dev_to_disk(dev);
1663 return sprintf(buf, "%ld\n", disk->ev->poll_msecs);
1666 static ssize_t disk_events_poll_msecs_store(struct device *dev,
1667 struct device_attribute *attr,
1668 const char *buf, size_t count)
1670 struct gendisk *disk = dev_to_disk(dev);
1673 if (!count || !sscanf(buf, "%ld", &intv))
1676 if (intv < 0 && intv != -1)
1679 disk_block_events(disk);
1680 disk->ev->poll_msecs = intv;
1681 __disk_unblock_events(disk, true);
1686 static const DEVICE_ATTR(events, S_IRUGO, disk_events_show, NULL);
1687 static const DEVICE_ATTR(events_async, S_IRUGO, disk_events_async_show, NULL);
1688 static const DEVICE_ATTR(events_poll_msecs, S_IRUGO|S_IWUSR,
1689 disk_events_poll_msecs_show,
1690 disk_events_poll_msecs_store);
1692 static const struct attribute *disk_events_attrs[] = {
1693 &dev_attr_events.attr,
1694 &dev_attr_events_async.attr,
1695 &dev_attr_events_poll_msecs.attr,
1700 * The default polling interval can be specified by the kernel
1701 * parameter block.events_dfl_poll_msecs which defaults to 0
1702 * (disable). This can also be modified runtime by writing to
1703 * /sys/module/block/events_dfl_poll_msecs.
1705 static int disk_events_set_dfl_poll_msecs(const char *val,
1706 const struct kernel_param *kp)
1708 struct disk_events *ev;
1711 ret = param_set_ulong(val, kp);
1715 mutex_lock(&disk_events_mutex);
1717 list_for_each_entry(ev, &disk_events, node)
1718 disk_flush_events(ev->disk, 0);
1720 mutex_unlock(&disk_events_mutex);
1725 static const struct kernel_param_ops disk_events_dfl_poll_msecs_param_ops = {
1726 .set = disk_events_set_dfl_poll_msecs,
1727 .get = param_get_ulong,
1730 #undef MODULE_PARAM_PREFIX
1731 #define MODULE_PARAM_PREFIX "block."
1733 module_param_cb(events_dfl_poll_msecs, &disk_events_dfl_poll_msecs_param_ops,
1734 &disk_events_dfl_poll_msecs, 0644);
1737 * disk_{add|del|release}_events - initialize and destroy disk_events.
1739 static void disk_add_events(struct gendisk *disk)
1741 struct disk_events *ev;
1743 if (!disk->fops->check_events)
1746 ev = kzalloc(sizeof(*ev), GFP_KERNEL);
1748 pr_warn("%s: failed to initialize events\n", disk->disk_name);
1752 if (sysfs_create_files(&disk_to_dev(disk)->kobj,
1753 disk_events_attrs) < 0) {
1754 pr_warn("%s: failed to create sysfs files for events\n",
1762 INIT_LIST_HEAD(&ev->node);
1764 spin_lock_init(&ev->lock);
1765 mutex_init(&ev->block_mutex);
1767 ev->poll_msecs = -1;
1768 INIT_DELAYED_WORK(&ev->dwork, disk_events_workfn);
1770 mutex_lock(&disk_events_mutex);
1771 list_add_tail(&ev->node, &disk_events);
1772 mutex_unlock(&disk_events_mutex);
1775 * Block count is initialized to 1 and the following initial
1776 * unblock kicks it into action.
1778 __disk_unblock_events(disk, true);
1781 static void disk_del_events(struct gendisk *disk)
1786 disk_block_events(disk);
1788 mutex_lock(&disk_events_mutex);
1789 list_del_init(&disk->ev->node);
1790 mutex_unlock(&disk_events_mutex);
1792 sysfs_remove_files(&disk_to_dev(disk)->kobj, disk_events_attrs);
1795 static void disk_release_events(struct gendisk *disk)
1797 /* the block count should be 1 from disk_del_events() */
1798 WARN_ON_ONCE(disk->ev && disk->ev->block != 1);