1 // SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0
3 * Block device elevator/IO-scheduler.
5 * Copyright (C) 2000 Andrea Arcangeli <andrea@suse.de> SuSE
7 * 30042000 Jens Axboe <axboe@kernel.dk> :
9 * Split the elevator a bit so that it is possible to choose a different
10 * one or even write a new "plug in". There are three pieces:
11 * - elevator_fn, inserts a new request in the queue list
12 * - elevator_merge_fn, decides whether a new buffer can be merged with
14 * - elevator_dequeue_fn, called when a request is taken off the active list
16 * 20082000 Dave Jones <davej@suse.de> :
17 * Removed tests for max-bomb-segments, which was breaking elvtune
18 * when run without -bN
21 * - Rework again to work with bio instead of buffer_heads
22 * - loose bi_dev comparisons, partition handling is right now
23 * - completely modularize elevator setup and teardown
26 #include <linux/kernel.h>
28 #include <linux/blkdev.h>
29 #include <linux/bio.h>
30 #include <linux/module.h>
31 #include <linux/slab.h>
32 #include <linux/init.h>
33 #include <linux/compiler.h>
34 #include <linux/blktrace_api.h>
35 #include <linux/hash.h>
36 #include <linux/uaccess.h>
37 #include <linux/pm_runtime.h>
39 #include <trace/events/block.h>
43 #include "blk-mq-sched.h"
46 #include "blk-cgroup.h"
48 static DEFINE_SPINLOCK(elv_list_lock);
49 static LIST_HEAD(elv_list);
54 #define rq_hash_key(rq) (blk_rq_pos(rq) + blk_rq_sectors(rq))
57 * Query io scheduler to see if the current process issuing bio may be
60 static bool elv_iosched_allow_bio_merge(struct request *rq, struct bio *bio)
62 struct request_queue *q = rq->q;
63 struct elevator_queue *e = q->elevator;
65 if (e->type->ops.allow_merge)
66 return e->type->ops.allow_merge(q, rq, bio);
72 * can we safely merge with this request?
74 bool elv_bio_merge_ok(struct request *rq, struct bio *bio)
76 if (!blk_rq_merge_ok(rq, bio))
79 if (!elv_iosched_allow_bio_merge(rq, bio))
84 EXPORT_SYMBOL(elv_bio_merge_ok);
86 static inline bool elv_support_features(struct request_queue *q,
87 const struct elevator_type *e)
89 return (q->required_elevator_features & e->elevator_features) ==
90 q->required_elevator_features;
94 * elevator_match - Check whether @e's name or alias matches @name
95 * @e: Scheduler to test
96 * @name: Elevator name to test
98 * Return true if the elevator @e's name or alias matches @name.
100 static bool elevator_match(const struct elevator_type *e, const char *name)
102 return !strcmp(e->elevator_name, name) ||
103 (e->elevator_alias && !strcmp(e->elevator_alias, name));
106 static struct elevator_type *__elevator_find(const char *name)
108 struct elevator_type *e;
110 list_for_each_entry(e, &elv_list, list)
111 if (elevator_match(e, name))
116 static struct elevator_type *elevator_find_get(struct request_queue *q,
119 struct elevator_type *e;
121 spin_lock(&elv_list_lock);
122 e = __elevator_find(name);
123 if (e && (!elv_support_features(q, e) || !elevator_tryget(e)))
125 spin_unlock(&elv_list_lock);
129 static const struct kobj_type elv_ktype;
131 struct elevator_queue *elevator_alloc(struct request_queue *q,
132 struct elevator_type *e)
134 struct elevator_queue *eq;
136 eq = kzalloc_node(sizeof(*eq), GFP_KERNEL, q->node);
142 kobject_init(&eq->kobj, &elv_ktype);
143 mutex_init(&eq->sysfs_lock);
148 EXPORT_SYMBOL(elevator_alloc);
150 static void elevator_release(struct kobject *kobj)
152 struct elevator_queue *e;
154 e = container_of(kobj, struct elevator_queue, kobj);
155 elevator_put(e->type);
159 void elevator_exit(struct request_queue *q)
161 struct elevator_queue *e = q->elevator;
164 blk_mq_sched_free_rqs(q);
166 mutex_lock(&e->sysfs_lock);
167 blk_mq_exit_sched(q, e);
168 mutex_unlock(&e->sysfs_lock);
170 kobject_put(&e->kobj);
173 static inline void __elv_rqhash_del(struct request *rq)
176 rq->rq_flags &= ~RQF_HASHED;
179 void elv_rqhash_del(struct request_queue *q, struct request *rq)
182 __elv_rqhash_del(rq);
184 EXPORT_SYMBOL_GPL(elv_rqhash_del);
186 void elv_rqhash_add(struct request_queue *q, struct request *rq)
188 struct elevator_queue *e = q->elevator;
190 BUG_ON(ELV_ON_HASH(rq));
191 hash_add(e->hash, &rq->hash, rq_hash_key(rq));
192 rq->rq_flags |= RQF_HASHED;
194 EXPORT_SYMBOL_GPL(elv_rqhash_add);
196 void elv_rqhash_reposition(struct request_queue *q, struct request *rq)
198 __elv_rqhash_del(rq);
199 elv_rqhash_add(q, rq);
202 struct request *elv_rqhash_find(struct request_queue *q, sector_t offset)
204 struct elevator_queue *e = q->elevator;
205 struct hlist_node *next;
208 hash_for_each_possible_safe(e->hash, rq, next, hash, offset) {
209 BUG_ON(!ELV_ON_HASH(rq));
211 if (unlikely(!rq_mergeable(rq))) {
212 __elv_rqhash_del(rq);
216 if (rq_hash_key(rq) == offset)
224 * RB-tree support functions for inserting/lookup/removal of requests
225 * in a sorted RB tree.
227 void elv_rb_add(struct rb_root *root, struct request *rq)
229 struct rb_node **p = &root->rb_node;
230 struct rb_node *parent = NULL;
231 struct request *__rq;
235 __rq = rb_entry(parent, struct request, rb_node);
237 if (blk_rq_pos(rq) < blk_rq_pos(__rq))
239 else if (blk_rq_pos(rq) >= blk_rq_pos(__rq))
243 rb_link_node(&rq->rb_node, parent, p);
244 rb_insert_color(&rq->rb_node, root);
246 EXPORT_SYMBOL(elv_rb_add);
248 void elv_rb_del(struct rb_root *root, struct request *rq)
250 BUG_ON(RB_EMPTY_NODE(&rq->rb_node));
251 rb_erase(&rq->rb_node, root);
252 RB_CLEAR_NODE(&rq->rb_node);
254 EXPORT_SYMBOL(elv_rb_del);
256 struct request *elv_rb_find(struct rb_root *root, sector_t sector)
258 struct rb_node *n = root->rb_node;
262 rq = rb_entry(n, struct request, rb_node);
264 if (sector < blk_rq_pos(rq))
266 else if (sector > blk_rq_pos(rq))
274 EXPORT_SYMBOL(elv_rb_find);
276 enum elv_merge elv_merge(struct request_queue *q, struct request **req,
279 struct elevator_queue *e = q->elevator;
280 struct request *__rq;
284 * nomerges: No merges at all attempted
285 * noxmerges: Only simple one-hit cache try
286 * merges: All merge tries attempted
288 if (blk_queue_nomerges(q) || !bio_mergeable(bio))
289 return ELEVATOR_NO_MERGE;
292 * First try one-hit cache.
294 if (q->last_merge && elv_bio_merge_ok(q->last_merge, bio)) {
295 enum elv_merge ret = blk_try_merge(q->last_merge, bio);
297 if (ret != ELEVATOR_NO_MERGE) {
298 *req = q->last_merge;
303 if (blk_queue_noxmerges(q))
304 return ELEVATOR_NO_MERGE;
307 * See if our hash lookup can find a potential backmerge.
309 __rq = elv_rqhash_find(q, bio->bi_iter.bi_sector);
310 if (__rq && elv_bio_merge_ok(__rq, bio)) {
313 if (blk_discard_mergable(__rq))
314 return ELEVATOR_DISCARD_MERGE;
315 return ELEVATOR_BACK_MERGE;
318 if (e->type->ops.request_merge)
319 return e->type->ops.request_merge(q, req, bio);
321 return ELEVATOR_NO_MERGE;
325 * Attempt to do an insertion back merge. Only check for the case where
326 * we can append 'rq' to an existing request, so we can throw 'rq' away
329 * Returns true if we merged, false otherwise. 'free' will contain all
330 * requests that need to be freed.
332 bool elv_attempt_insert_merge(struct request_queue *q, struct request *rq,
333 struct list_head *free)
335 struct request *__rq;
338 if (blk_queue_nomerges(q))
342 * First try one-hit cache.
344 if (q->last_merge && blk_attempt_req_merge(q, q->last_merge, rq)) {
345 list_add(&rq->queuelist, free);
349 if (blk_queue_noxmerges(q))
354 * See if our hash lookup can find a potential backmerge.
357 __rq = elv_rqhash_find(q, blk_rq_pos(rq));
358 if (!__rq || !blk_attempt_req_merge(q, __rq, rq))
361 list_add(&rq->queuelist, free);
362 /* The merged request could be merged with others, try again */
370 void elv_merged_request(struct request_queue *q, struct request *rq,
373 struct elevator_queue *e = q->elevator;
375 if (e->type->ops.request_merged)
376 e->type->ops.request_merged(q, rq, type);
378 if (type == ELEVATOR_BACK_MERGE)
379 elv_rqhash_reposition(q, rq);
384 void elv_merge_requests(struct request_queue *q, struct request *rq,
385 struct request *next)
387 struct elevator_queue *e = q->elevator;
389 if (e->type->ops.requests_merged)
390 e->type->ops.requests_merged(q, rq, next);
392 elv_rqhash_reposition(q, rq);
396 struct request *elv_latter_request(struct request_queue *q, struct request *rq)
398 struct elevator_queue *e = q->elevator;
400 if (e->type->ops.next_request)
401 return e->type->ops.next_request(q, rq);
406 struct request *elv_former_request(struct request_queue *q, struct request *rq)
408 struct elevator_queue *e = q->elevator;
410 if (e->type->ops.former_request)
411 return e->type->ops.former_request(q, rq);
416 #define to_elv(atr) container_of((atr), struct elv_fs_entry, attr)
419 elv_attr_show(struct kobject *kobj, struct attribute *attr, char *page)
421 struct elv_fs_entry *entry = to_elv(attr);
422 struct elevator_queue *e;
428 e = container_of(kobj, struct elevator_queue, kobj);
429 mutex_lock(&e->sysfs_lock);
430 error = e->type ? entry->show(e, page) : -ENOENT;
431 mutex_unlock(&e->sysfs_lock);
436 elv_attr_store(struct kobject *kobj, struct attribute *attr,
437 const char *page, size_t length)
439 struct elv_fs_entry *entry = to_elv(attr);
440 struct elevator_queue *e;
446 e = container_of(kobj, struct elevator_queue, kobj);
447 mutex_lock(&e->sysfs_lock);
448 error = e->type ? entry->store(e, page, length) : -ENOENT;
449 mutex_unlock(&e->sysfs_lock);
453 static const struct sysfs_ops elv_sysfs_ops = {
454 .show = elv_attr_show,
455 .store = elv_attr_store,
458 static const struct kobj_type elv_ktype = {
459 .sysfs_ops = &elv_sysfs_ops,
460 .release = elevator_release,
463 int elv_register_queue(struct request_queue *q, bool uevent)
465 struct elevator_queue *e = q->elevator;
468 lockdep_assert_held(&q->sysfs_lock);
470 error = kobject_add(&e->kobj, &q->disk->queue_kobj, "iosched");
472 struct elv_fs_entry *attr = e->type->elevator_attrs;
474 while (attr->attr.name) {
475 if (sysfs_create_file(&e->kobj, &attr->attr))
481 kobject_uevent(&e->kobj, KOBJ_ADD);
483 set_bit(ELEVATOR_FLAG_REGISTERED, &e->flags);
488 void elv_unregister_queue(struct request_queue *q)
490 struct elevator_queue *e = q->elevator;
492 lockdep_assert_held(&q->sysfs_lock);
494 if (e && test_and_clear_bit(ELEVATOR_FLAG_REGISTERED, &e->flags)) {
495 kobject_uevent(&e->kobj, KOBJ_REMOVE);
496 kobject_del(&e->kobj);
500 int elv_register(struct elevator_type *e)
502 /* insert_requests and dispatch_request are mandatory */
503 if (WARN_ON_ONCE(!e->ops.insert_requests || !e->ops.dispatch_request))
506 /* create icq_cache if requested */
508 if (WARN_ON(e->icq_size < sizeof(struct io_cq)) ||
509 WARN_ON(e->icq_align < __alignof__(struct io_cq)))
512 snprintf(e->icq_cache_name, sizeof(e->icq_cache_name),
513 "%s_io_cq", e->elevator_name);
514 e->icq_cache = kmem_cache_create(e->icq_cache_name, e->icq_size,
515 e->icq_align, 0, NULL);
520 /* register, don't allow duplicate names */
521 spin_lock(&elv_list_lock);
522 if (__elevator_find(e->elevator_name)) {
523 spin_unlock(&elv_list_lock);
524 kmem_cache_destroy(e->icq_cache);
527 list_add_tail(&e->list, &elv_list);
528 spin_unlock(&elv_list_lock);
530 printk(KERN_INFO "io scheduler %s registered\n", e->elevator_name);
534 EXPORT_SYMBOL_GPL(elv_register);
536 void elv_unregister(struct elevator_type *e)
539 spin_lock(&elv_list_lock);
540 list_del_init(&e->list);
541 spin_unlock(&elv_list_lock);
544 * Destroy icq_cache if it exists. icq's are RCU managed. Make
545 * sure all RCU operations are complete before proceeding.
549 kmem_cache_destroy(e->icq_cache);
553 EXPORT_SYMBOL_GPL(elv_unregister);
555 static inline bool elv_support_iosched(struct request_queue *q)
557 if (!queue_is_mq(q) ||
558 (q->tag_set && (q->tag_set->flags & BLK_MQ_F_NO_SCHED)))
564 * For single queue devices, default to using mq-deadline. If we have multiple
565 * queues or mq-deadline is not available, default to "none".
567 static struct elevator_type *elevator_get_default(struct request_queue *q)
569 if (q->tag_set && q->tag_set->flags & BLK_MQ_F_NO_SCHED_BY_DEFAULT)
572 if (q->nr_hw_queues != 1 &&
573 !blk_mq_is_shared_tags(q->tag_set->flags))
576 return elevator_find_get(q, "mq-deadline");
580 * Get the first elevator providing the features required by the request queue.
581 * Default to "none" if no matching elevator is found.
583 static struct elevator_type *elevator_get_by_features(struct request_queue *q)
585 struct elevator_type *e, *found = NULL;
587 spin_lock(&elv_list_lock);
589 list_for_each_entry(e, &elv_list, list) {
590 if (elv_support_features(q, e)) {
596 if (found && !elevator_tryget(found))
599 spin_unlock(&elv_list_lock);
604 * For a device queue that has no required features, use the default elevator
605 * settings. Otherwise, use the first elevator available matching the required
606 * features. If no suitable elevator is find or if the chosen elevator
607 * initialization fails, fall back to the "none" elevator (no elevator).
609 void elevator_init_mq(struct request_queue *q)
611 struct elevator_type *e;
614 if (!elv_support_iosched(q))
617 WARN_ON_ONCE(blk_queue_registered(q));
619 if (unlikely(q->elevator))
622 if (!q->required_elevator_features)
623 e = elevator_get_default(q);
625 e = elevator_get_by_features(q);
630 * We are called before adding disk, when there isn't any FS I/O,
631 * so freezing queue plus canceling dispatch work is enough to
632 * drain any dispatch activities originated from passthrough
633 * requests, then no need to quiesce queue which may add long boot
634 * latency, especially when lots of disks are involved.
636 blk_mq_freeze_queue(q);
637 blk_mq_cancel_work_sync(q);
639 err = blk_mq_init_sched(q, e);
641 blk_mq_unfreeze_queue(q);
644 pr_warn("\"%s\" elevator initialization failed, "
645 "falling back to \"none\"\n", e->elevator_name);
652 * Switch to new_e io scheduler.
654 * If switching fails, we are most likely running out of memory and not able
655 * to restore the old io scheduler, so leaving the io scheduler being none.
657 int elevator_switch(struct request_queue *q, struct elevator_type *new_e)
661 lockdep_assert_held(&q->sysfs_lock);
663 blk_mq_freeze_queue(q);
664 blk_mq_quiesce_queue(q);
667 elv_unregister_queue(q);
671 ret = blk_mq_init_sched(q, new_e);
675 ret = elv_register_queue(q, true);
680 blk_add_trace_msg(q, "elv switch: %s", new_e->elevator_name);
683 blk_mq_unquiesce_queue(q);
684 blk_mq_unfreeze_queue(q);
687 pr_warn("elv: switch to \"%s\" failed, falling back to \"none\"\n",
688 new_e->elevator_name);
694 void elevator_disable(struct request_queue *q)
696 lockdep_assert_held(&q->sysfs_lock);
698 blk_mq_freeze_queue(q);
699 blk_mq_quiesce_queue(q);
701 elv_unregister_queue(q);
703 blk_queue_flag_clear(QUEUE_FLAG_SQ_SCHED, q);
705 q->nr_requests = q->tag_set->queue_depth;
706 blk_add_trace_msg(q, "elv switch: none");
708 blk_mq_unquiesce_queue(q);
709 blk_mq_unfreeze_queue(q);
713 * Switch this queue to the given IO scheduler.
715 static int elevator_change(struct request_queue *q, const char *elevator_name)
717 struct elevator_type *e;
720 /* Make sure queue is not in the middle of being removed */
721 if (!blk_queue_registered(q))
724 if (!strncmp(elevator_name, "none", 4)) {
730 if (q->elevator && elevator_match(q->elevator->type, elevator_name))
733 e = elevator_find_get(q, elevator_name);
735 request_module("%s-iosched", elevator_name);
736 e = elevator_find_get(q, elevator_name);
740 ret = elevator_switch(q, e);
745 ssize_t elv_iosched_store(struct request_queue *q, const char *buf,
748 char elevator_name[ELV_NAME_MAX];
751 if (!elv_support_iosched(q))
754 strlcpy(elevator_name, buf, sizeof(elevator_name));
755 ret = elevator_change(q, strstrip(elevator_name));
761 ssize_t elv_iosched_show(struct request_queue *q, char *name)
763 struct elevator_queue *eq = q->elevator;
764 struct elevator_type *cur = NULL, *e;
767 if (!elv_support_iosched(q))
768 return sprintf(name, "none\n");
771 len += sprintf(name+len, "[none] ");
773 len += sprintf(name+len, "none ");
777 spin_lock(&elv_list_lock);
778 list_for_each_entry(e, &elv_list, list) {
780 len += sprintf(name+len, "[%s] ", e->elevator_name);
781 else if (elv_support_features(q, e))
782 len += sprintf(name+len, "%s ", e->elevator_name);
784 spin_unlock(&elv_list_lock);
786 len += sprintf(name+len, "\n");
790 struct request *elv_rb_former_request(struct request_queue *q,
793 struct rb_node *rbprev = rb_prev(&rq->rb_node);
796 return rb_entry_rq(rbprev);
800 EXPORT_SYMBOL(elv_rb_former_request);
802 struct request *elv_rb_latter_request(struct request_queue *q,
805 struct rb_node *rbnext = rb_next(&rq->rb_node);
808 return rb_entry_rq(rbnext);
812 EXPORT_SYMBOL(elv_rb_latter_request);
814 static int __init elevator_setup(char *str)
816 pr_warn("Kernel parameter elevator= does not have any effect anymore.\n"
817 "Please use sysfs to set IO scheduler for individual devices.\n");
821 __setup("elevator=", elevator_setup);