1 // SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0
5 * - Heavily based on MD badblocks code from Neil Brown
7 * Copyright (c) 2015, Intel Corporation.
10 #include <linux/badblocks.h>
11 #include <linux/seqlock.h>
12 #include <linux/device.h>
13 #include <linux/kernel.h>
14 #include <linux/module.h>
15 #include <linux/stddef.h>
16 #include <linux/types.h>
17 #include <linux/slab.h>
20 * badblocks_check() - check a given range for bad sectors
21 * @bb: the badblocks structure that holds all badblock information
22 * @s: sector (start) at which to check for badblocks
23 * @sectors: number of sectors to check for badblocks
24 * @first_bad: pointer to store location of the first badblock
25 * @bad_sectors: pointer to store number of badblocks after @first_bad
27 * We can record which blocks on each device are 'bad' and so just
28 * fail those blocks, or that stripe, rather than the whole device.
29 * Entries in the bad-block table are 64bits wide. This comprises:
30 * Length of bad-range, in sectors: 0-511 for lengths 1-512
31 * Start of bad-range, sector offset, 54 bits (allows 8 exbibytes)
32 * A 'shift' can be set so that larger blocks are tracked and
33 * consequently larger devices can be covered.
34 * 'Acknowledged' flag - 1 bit. - the most significant bit.
36 * Locking of the bad-block table uses a seqlock so badblocks_check
37 * might need to retry if it is very unlucky.
38 * We will sometimes want to check for bad blocks in a bi_end_io function,
39 * so we use the write_seqlock_irq variant.
41 * When looking for a bad block we specify a range and want to
42 * know if any block in the range is bad. So we binary-search
43 * to the last range that starts at-or-before the given endpoint,
44 * (or "before the sector after the target range")
45 * then see if it ends after the given start.
48 * 0: there are no known bad blocks in the range
49 * 1: there are known bad block which are all acknowledged
50 * -1: there are bad blocks which have not yet been acknowledged in metadata.
51 * plus the start/length of the first bad section we overlap.
53 int badblocks_check(struct badblocks *bb, sector_t s, int sectors,
54 sector_t *first_bad, int *bad_sectors)
60 sector_t target = s + sectors;
64 /* round the start down, and the end up */
66 target += (1<<bb->shift) - 1;
70 /* 'target' is now the first block after the bad range */
73 seq = read_seqbegin(&bb->lock);
78 /* Binary search between lo and hi for 'target'
79 * i.e. for the last range that starts before 'target'
81 /* INVARIANT: ranges before 'lo' and at-or-after 'hi'
82 * are known not to be the last range before target.
83 * VARIANT: hi-lo is the number of possible
84 * ranges, and decreases until it reaches 1
87 int mid = (lo + hi) / 2;
88 sector_t a = BB_OFFSET(p[mid]);
91 /* This could still be the one, earlier ranges
96 /* This and later ranges are definitely out. */
99 /* 'lo' might be the last that started before target, but 'hi' isn't */
101 /* need to check all range that end after 's' to see if
102 * any are unacknowledged.
105 BB_OFFSET(p[lo]) + BB_LEN(p[lo]) > s) {
106 if (BB_OFFSET(p[lo]) < target) {
107 /* starts before the end, and finishes after
108 * the start, so they must overlap
110 if (rv != -1 && BB_ACK(p[lo]))
114 *first_bad = BB_OFFSET(p[lo]);
115 *bad_sectors = BB_LEN(p[lo]);
121 if (read_seqretry(&bb->lock, seq))
126 EXPORT_SYMBOL_GPL(badblocks_check);
128 static void badblocks_update_acked(struct badblocks *bb)
132 bool unacked = false;
134 if (!bb->unacked_exist)
137 for (i = 0; i < bb->count ; i++) {
145 bb->unacked_exist = 0;
149 * badblocks_set() - Add a range of bad blocks to the table.
150 * @bb: the badblocks structure that holds all badblock information
151 * @s: first sector to mark as bad
152 * @sectors: number of sectors to mark as bad
153 * @acknowledged: weather to mark the bad sectors as acknowledged
155 * This might extend the table, or might contract it if two adjacent ranges
156 * can be merged. We binary-search to find the 'insertion' point, then
157 * decide how best to handle it.
161 * 1: failed to set badblocks (out of space)
163 int badblocks_set(struct badblocks *bb, sector_t s, int sectors,
172 /* badblocks are disabled */
176 /* round the start down, and the end up */
177 sector_t next = s + sectors;
180 next += (1<<bb->shift) - 1;
185 write_seqlock_irqsave(&bb->lock, flags);
190 /* Find the last range that starts at-or-before 's' */
191 while (hi - lo > 1) {
192 int mid = (lo + hi) / 2;
193 sector_t a = BB_OFFSET(p[mid]);
200 if (hi > lo && BB_OFFSET(p[lo]) > s)
204 /* we found a range that might merge with the start
207 sector_t a = BB_OFFSET(p[lo]);
208 sector_t e = a + BB_LEN(p[lo]);
209 int ack = BB_ACK(p[lo]);
212 /* Yes, we can merge with a previous range */
213 if (s == a && s + sectors >= e)
214 /* new range covers old */
217 ack = ack && acknowledged;
221 if (e - a <= BB_MAX_LEN) {
222 p[lo] = BB_MAKE(a, e-a, ack);
225 /* does not all fit in one range,
228 if (BB_LEN(p[lo]) != BB_MAX_LEN)
229 p[lo] = BB_MAKE(a, BB_MAX_LEN, ack);
235 if (sectors && hi < bb->count) {
236 /* 'hi' points to the first range that starts after 's'.
237 * Maybe we can merge with the start of that range
239 sector_t a = BB_OFFSET(p[hi]);
240 sector_t e = a + BB_LEN(p[hi]);
241 int ack = BB_ACK(p[hi]);
243 if (a <= s + sectors) {
244 /* merging is possible */
245 if (e <= s + sectors) {
250 ack = ack && acknowledged;
253 if (e - a <= BB_MAX_LEN) {
254 p[hi] = BB_MAKE(a, e-a, ack);
257 p[hi] = BB_MAKE(a, BB_MAX_LEN, ack);
265 if (sectors == 0 && hi < bb->count) {
266 /* we might be able to combine lo and hi */
267 /* Note: 's' is at the end of 'lo' */
268 sector_t a = BB_OFFSET(p[hi]);
269 int lolen = BB_LEN(p[lo]);
270 int hilen = BB_LEN(p[hi]);
271 int newlen = lolen + hilen - (s - a);
273 if (s >= a && newlen < BB_MAX_LEN) {
274 /* yes, we can combine them */
275 int ack = BB_ACK(p[lo]) && BB_ACK(p[hi]);
277 p[lo] = BB_MAKE(BB_OFFSET(p[lo]), newlen, ack);
278 memmove(p + hi, p + hi + 1,
279 (bb->count - hi - 1) * 8);
284 /* didn't merge (it all).
285 * Need to add a range just before 'hi'
287 if (bb->count >= MAX_BADBLOCKS) {
288 /* No room for more */
292 int this_sectors = sectors;
294 memmove(p + hi + 1, p + hi,
295 (bb->count - hi) * 8);
298 if (this_sectors > BB_MAX_LEN)
299 this_sectors = BB_MAX_LEN;
300 p[hi] = BB_MAKE(s, this_sectors, acknowledged);
301 sectors -= this_sectors;
308 bb->unacked_exist = 1;
310 badblocks_update_acked(bb);
311 write_sequnlock_irqrestore(&bb->lock, flags);
315 EXPORT_SYMBOL_GPL(badblocks_set);
318 * badblocks_clear() - Remove a range of bad blocks to the table.
319 * @bb: the badblocks structure that holds all badblock information
320 * @s: first sector to mark as bad
321 * @sectors: number of sectors to mark as bad
323 * This may involve extending the table if we spilt a region,
324 * but it must not fail. So if the table becomes full, we just
325 * drop the remove request.
329 * 1: failed to clear badblocks
331 int badblocks_clear(struct badblocks *bb, sector_t s, int sectors)
335 sector_t target = s + sectors;
339 /* When clearing we round the start up and the end down.
340 * This should not matter as the shift should align with
341 * the block size and no rounding should ever be needed.
342 * However it is better the think a block is bad when it
343 * isn't than to think a block is not bad when it is.
345 s += (1<<bb->shift) - 1;
347 target >>= bb->shift;
348 sectors = target - s;
351 write_seqlock_irq(&bb->lock);
356 /* Find the last range that starts before 'target' */
357 while (hi - lo > 1) {
358 int mid = (lo + hi) / 2;
359 sector_t a = BB_OFFSET(p[mid]);
367 /* p[lo] is the last range that could overlap the
368 * current range. Earlier ranges could also overlap,
369 * but only this one can overlap the end of the range.
371 if ((BB_OFFSET(p[lo]) + BB_LEN(p[lo]) > target) &&
372 (BB_OFFSET(p[lo]) < target)) {
373 /* Partial overlap, leave the tail of this range */
374 int ack = BB_ACK(p[lo]);
375 sector_t a = BB_OFFSET(p[lo]);
376 sector_t end = a + BB_LEN(p[lo]);
379 /* we need to split this range */
380 if (bb->count >= MAX_BADBLOCKS) {
384 memmove(p+lo+1, p+lo, (bb->count - lo) * 8);
386 p[lo] = BB_MAKE(a, s-a, ack);
389 p[lo] = BB_MAKE(target, end - target, ack);
390 /* there is no longer an overlap */
395 (BB_OFFSET(p[lo]) + BB_LEN(p[lo]) > s) &&
396 (BB_OFFSET(p[lo]) < target)) {
397 /* This range does overlap */
398 if (BB_OFFSET(p[lo]) < s) {
399 /* Keep the early parts of this range. */
400 int ack = BB_ACK(p[lo]);
401 sector_t start = BB_OFFSET(p[lo]);
403 p[lo] = BB_MAKE(start, s - start, ack);
404 /* now low doesn't overlap, so.. */
409 /* 'lo' is strictly before, 'hi' is strictly after,
410 * anything between needs to be discarded
413 memmove(p+lo+1, p+hi, (bb->count - hi) * 8);
414 bb->count -= (hi - lo - 1);
418 badblocks_update_acked(bb);
421 write_sequnlock_irq(&bb->lock);
424 EXPORT_SYMBOL_GPL(badblocks_clear);
427 * ack_all_badblocks() - Acknowledge all bad blocks in a list.
428 * @bb: the badblocks structure that holds all badblock information
430 * This only succeeds if ->changed is clear. It is used by
431 * in-kernel metadata updates
433 void ack_all_badblocks(struct badblocks *bb)
435 if (bb->page == NULL || bb->changed)
436 /* no point even trying */
438 write_seqlock_irq(&bb->lock);
440 if (bb->changed == 0 && bb->unacked_exist) {
444 for (i = 0; i < bb->count ; i++) {
446 sector_t start = BB_OFFSET(p[i]);
447 int len = BB_LEN(p[i]);
449 p[i] = BB_MAKE(start, len, 1);
452 bb->unacked_exist = 0;
454 write_sequnlock_irq(&bb->lock);
456 EXPORT_SYMBOL_GPL(ack_all_badblocks);
459 * badblocks_show() - sysfs access to bad-blocks list
460 * @bb: the badblocks structure that holds all badblock information
461 * @page: buffer received from sysfs
462 * @unack: weather to show unacknowledged badblocks
465 * Length of returned data
467 ssize_t badblocks_show(struct badblocks *bb, char *page, int unack)
478 seq = read_seqbegin(&bb->lock);
483 while (len < PAGE_SIZE && i < bb->count) {
484 sector_t s = BB_OFFSET(p[i]);
485 unsigned int length = BB_LEN(p[i]);
486 int ack = BB_ACK(p[i]);
493 len += snprintf(page+len, PAGE_SIZE-len, "%llu %u\n",
494 (unsigned long long)s << bb->shift,
495 length << bb->shift);
497 if (unack && len == 0)
498 bb->unacked_exist = 0;
500 if (read_seqretry(&bb->lock, seq))
505 EXPORT_SYMBOL_GPL(badblocks_show);
508 * badblocks_store() - sysfs access to bad-blocks list
509 * @bb: the badblocks structure that holds all badblock information
510 * @page: buffer received from sysfs
511 * @len: length of data received from sysfs
512 * @unack: weather to show unacknowledged badblocks
515 * Length of the buffer processed or -ve error.
517 ssize_t badblocks_store(struct badblocks *bb, const char *page, size_t len,
520 unsigned long long sector;
524 switch (sscanf(page, "%llu %d%c", §or, &length, &newline)) {
537 if (badblocks_set(bb, sector, length, !unack))
542 EXPORT_SYMBOL_GPL(badblocks_store);
544 static int __badblocks_init(struct device *dev, struct badblocks *bb,
554 bb->page = devm_kzalloc(dev, PAGE_SIZE, GFP_KERNEL);
556 bb->page = kzalloc(PAGE_SIZE, GFP_KERNEL);
561 seqlock_init(&bb->lock);
567 * badblocks_init() - initialize the badblocks structure
568 * @bb: the badblocks structure that holds all badblock information
569 * @enable: weather to enable badblocks accounting
573 * -ve errno: on error
575 int badblocks_init(struct badblocks *bb, int enable)
577 return __badblocks_init(NULL, bb, enable);
579 EXPORT_SYMBOL_GPL(badblocks_init);
581 int devm_init_badblocks(struct device *dev, struct badblocks *bb)
585 return __badblocks_init(dev, bb, 1);
587 EXPORT_SYMBOL_GPL(devm_init_badblocks);
590 * badblocks_exit() - free the badblocks structure
591 * @bb: the badblocks structure that holds all badblock information
593 void badblocks_exit(struct badblocks *bb)
598 devm_kfree(bb->dev, bb->page);
603 EXPORT_SYMBOL_GPL(badblocks_exit);