1 /* BFD support for handling relocation entries.
2 Copyright 1990, 1991, 1992, 1993, 1994, 1995, 1996, 1997, 1998, 1999,
4 Free Software Foundation, Inc.
5 Written by Cygnus Support.
7 This file is part of BFD, the Binary File Descriptor library.
9 This program is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify
10 it under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by
11 the Free Software Foundation; either version 2 of the License, or
12 (at your option) any later version.
14 This program is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,
15 but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
16 MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE. See the
17 GNU General Public License for more details.
19 You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License
20 along with this program; if not, write to the Free Software
21 Foundation, Inc., 59 Temple Place - Suite 330, Boston, MA 02111-1307, USA. */
27 BFD maintains relocations in much the same way it maintains
28 symbols: they are left alone until required, then read in
29 en-masse and translated into an internal form. A common
30 routine <<bfd_perform_relocation>> acts upon the
31 canonical form to do the fixup.
33 Relocations are maintained on a per section basis,
34 while symbols are maintained on a per BFD basis.
36 All that a back end has to do to fit the BFD interface is to create
37 a <<struct reloc_cache_entry>> for each relocation
38 in a particular section, and fill in the right bits of the structures.
47 /* DO compile in the reloc_code name table from libbfd.h. */
48 #define _BFD_MAKE_TABLE_bfd_reloc_code_real
57 typedef arelent, howto manager, Relocations, Relocations
62 This is the structure of a relocation entry:
66 .typedef enum bfd_reloc_status
68 . {* No errors detected *}
71 . {* The relocation was performed, but there was an overflow. *}
74 . {* The address to relocate was not within the section supplied. *}
75 . bfd_reloc_outofrange,
77 . {* Used by special functions *}
80 . {* Unsupported relocation size requested. *}
81 . bfd_reloc_notsupported,
86 . {* The symbol to relocate against was undefined. *}
87 . bfd_reloc_undefined,
89 . {* The relocation was performed, but may not be ok - presently
90 . generated only when linking i960 coff files with i960 b.out
91 . symbols. If this type is returned, the error_message argument
92 . to bfd_perform_relocation will be set. *}
95 . bfd_reloc_status_type;
98 .typedef struct reloc_cache_entry
100 . {* A pointer into the canonical table of pointers *}
101 . struct symbol_cache_entry **sym_ptr_ptr;
103 . {* offset in section *}
104 . bfd_size_type address;
106 . {* addend for relocation value *}
109 . {* Pointer to how to perform the required relocation *}
110 . reloc_howto_type *howto;
119 Here is a description of each of the fields within an <<arelent>>:
123 The symbol table pointer points to a pointer to the symbol
124 associated with the relocation request. It is
125 the pointer into the table returned by the back end's
126 <<get_symtab>> action. @xref{Symbols}. The symbol is referenced
127 through a pointer to a pointer so that tools like the linker
128 can fix up all the symbols of the same name by modifying only
129 one pointer. The relocation routine looks in the symbol and
130 uses the base of the section the symbol is attached to and the
131 value of the symbol as the initial relocation offset. If the
132 symbol pointer is zero, then the section provided is looked up.
136 The <<address>> field gives the offset in bytes from the base of
137 the section data which owns the relocation record to the first
138 byte of relocatable information. The actual data relocated
139 will be relative to this point; for example, a relocation
140 type which modifies the bottom two bytes of a four byte word
141 would not touch the first byte pointed to in a big endian
146 The <<addend>> is a value provided by the back end to be added (!)
147 to the relocation offset. Its interpretation is dependent upon
148 the howto. For example, on the 68k the code:
153 | return foo[0x12345678];
156 Could be compiled into:
159 | moveb @@#12345678,d0
164 This could create a reloc pointing to <<foo>>, but leave the
165 offset in the data, something like:
167 |RELOCATION RECORDS FOR [.text]:
171 |00000000 4e56 fffc ; linkw fp,#-4
172 |00000004 1039 1234 5678 ; moveb @@#12345678,d0
173 |0000000a 49c0 ; extbl d0
174 |0000000c 4e5e ; unlk fp
177 Using coff and an 88k, some instructions don't have enough
178 space in them to represent the full address range, and
179 pointers have to be loaded in two parts. So you'd get something like:
181 | or.u r13,r0,hi16(_foo+0x12345678)
182 | ld.b r2,r13,lo16(_foo+0x12345678)
185 This should create two relocs, both pointing to <<_foo>>, and with
186 0x12340000 in their addend field. The data would consist of:
188 |RELOCATION RECORDS FOR [.text]:
190 |00000002 HVRT16 _foo+0x12340000
191 |00000006 LVRT16 _foo+0x12340000
193 |00000000 5da05678 ; or.u r13,r0,0x5678
194 |00000004 1c4d5678 ; ld.b r2,r13,0x5678
195 |00000008 f400c001 ; jmp r1
197 The relocation routine digs out the value from the data, adds
198 it to the addend to get the original offset, and then adds the
199 value of <<_foo>>. Note that all 32 bits have to be kept around
200 somewhere, to cope with carry from bit 15 to bit 16.
202 One further example is the sparc and the a.out format. The
203 sparc has a similar problem to the 88k, in that some
204 instructions don't have room for an entire offset, but on the
205 sparc the parts are created in odd sized lumps. The designers of
206 the a.out format chose to not use the data within the section
207 for storing part of the offset; all the offset is kept within
208 the reloc. Anything in the data should be ignored.
211 | sethi %hi(_foo+0x12345678),%g2
212 | ldsb [%g2+%lo(_foo+0x12345678)],%i0
216 Both relocs contain a pointer to <<foo>>, and the offsets
219 |RELOCATION RECORDS FOR [.text]:
221 |00000004 HI22 _foo+0x12345678
222 |00000008 LO10 _foo+0x12345678
224 |00000000 9de3bf90 ; save %sp,-112,%sp
225 |00000004 05000000 ; sethi %hi(_foo+0),%g2
226 |00000008 f048a000 ; ldsb [%g2+%lo(_foo+0)],%i0
227 |0000000c 81c7e008 ; ret
228 |00000010 81e80000 ; restore
232 The <<howto>> field can be imagined as a
233 relocation instruction. It is a pointer to a structure which
234 contains information on what to do with all of the other
235 information in the reloc record and data section. A back end
236 would normally have a relocation instruction set and turn
237 relocations into pointers to the correct structure on input -
238 but it would be possible to create each howto field on demand.
244 <<enum complain_overflow>>
246 Indicates what sort of overflow checking should be done when
247 performing a relocation.
251 .enum complain_overflow
253 . {* Do not complain on overflow. *}
254 . complain_overflow_dont,
256 . {* Complain if the bitfield overflows, whether it is considered
257 . as signed or unsigned. *}
258 . complain_overflow_bitfield,
260 . {* Complain if the value overflows when considered as signed
262 . complain_overflow_signed,
264 . {* Complain if the value overflows when considered as an
265 . unsigned number. *}
266 . complain_overflow_unsigned
275 The <<reloc_howto_type>> is a structure which contains all the
276 information that libbfd needs to know to tie up a back end's data.
279 .struct symbol_cache_entry; {* Forward declaration *}
281 .struct reloc_howto_struct
283 . {* The type field has mainly a documentary use - the back end can
284 . do what it wants with it, though normally the back end's
285 . external idea of what a reloc number is stored
286 . in this field. For example, a PC relative word relocation
287 . in a coff environment has the type 023 - because that's
288 . what the outside world calls a R_PCRWORD reloc. *}
291 . {* The value the final relocation is shifted right by. This drops
292 . unwanted data from the relocation. *}
293 . unsigned int rightshift;
295 . {* The size of the item to be relocated. This is *not* a
296 . power-of-two measure. To get the number of bytes operated
297 . on by a type of relocation, use bfd_get_reloc_size. *}
300 . {* The number of bits in the item to be relocated. This is used
301 . when doing overflow checking. *}
302 . unsigned int bitsize;
304 . {* Notes that the relocation is relative to the location in the
305 . data section of the addend. The relocation function will
306 . subtract from the relocation value the address of the location
307 . being relocated. *}
308 . boolean pc_relative;
310 . {* The bit position of the reloc value in the destination.
311 . The relocated value is left shifted by this amount. *}
312 . unsigned int bitpos;
314 . {* What type of overflow error should be checked for when
316 . enum complain_overflow complain_on_overflow;
318 . {* If this field is non null, then the supplied function is
319 . called rather than the normal function. This allows really
320 . strange relocation methods to be accomodated (e.g., i960 callj
322 . bfd_reloc_status_type (*special_function)
323 . PARAMS ((bfd *, arelent *, struct symbol_cache_entry *, PTR, asection *,
326 . {* The textual name of the relocation type. *}
329 . {* Some formats record a relocation addend in the section contents
330 . rather than with the relocation. For ELF formats this is the
331 . distinction between USE_REL and USE_RELA (though the code checks
332 . for USE_REL == 1/0). The value of this field is TRUE if the
333 . addend is recorded with the section contents; when performing a
334 . partial link (ld -r) the section contents (the data) will be
335 . modified. The value of this field is FALSE if addends are
336 . recorded with the relocation (in arelent.addend); when performing
337 . a partial link the relocation will be modified.
338 . All relocations for all ELF USE_RELA targets should set this field
339 . to FALSE (values of TRUE should be looked on with suspicion).
340 . However, the converse is not true: not all relocations of all ELF
341 . USE_REL targets set this field to TRUE. Why this is so is peculiar
342 . to each particular target. For relocs that aren't used in partial
343 . links (e.g. GOT stuff) it doesn't matter what this is set to. *}
344 . boolean partial_inplace;
346 . {* The src_mask selects which parts of the read in data
347 . are to be used in the relocation sum. E.g., if this was an 8 bit
348 . byte of data which we read and relocated, this would be
349 . 0x000000ff. When we have relocs which have an addend, such as
350 . sun4 extended relocs, the value in the offset part of a
351 . relocating field is garbage so we never use it. In this case
352 . the mask would be 0x00000000. *}
355 . {* The dst_mask selects which parts of the instruction are replaced
356 . into the instruction. In most cases src_mask == dst_mask,
357 . except in the above special case, where dst_mask would be
358 . 0x000000ff, and src_mask would be 0x00000000. *}
361 . {* When some formats create PC relative instructions, they leave
362 . the value of the pc of the place being relocated in the offset
363 . slot of the instruction, so that a PC relative relocation can
364 . be made just by adding in an ordinary offset (e.g., sun3 a.out).
365 . Some formats leave the displacement part of an instruction
366 . empty (e.g., m88k bcs); this flag signals the fact. *}
367 . boolean pcrel_offset;
377 The HOWTO define is horrible and will go away.
379 .#define HOWTO(C, R, S, B, P, BI, O, SF, NAME, INPLACE, MASKSRC, MASKDST, PC) \
380 . { (unsigned) C, R, S, B, P, BI, O, SF, NAME, INPLACE, MASKSRC, MASKDST, PC }
383 And will be replaced with the totally magic way. But for the
384 moment, we are compatible, so do it this way.
386 .#define NEWHOWTO(FUNCTION, NAME, SIZE, REL, IN) \
387 . HOWTO (0, 0, SIZE, 0, REL, 0, complain_overflow_dont, FUNCTION, \
388 . NAME, false, 0, 0, IN)
392 This is used to fill in an empty howto entry in an array.
394 .#define EMPTY_HOWTO(C) \
395 . HOWTO ((C), 0, 0, 0, false, 0, complain_overflow_dont, NULL, \
396 . NULL, false, 0, 0, false)
400 Helper routine to turn a symbol into a relocation value.
402 .#define HOWTO_PREPARE(relocation, symbol) \
404 . if (symbol != (asymbol *) NULL) \
406 . if (bfd_is_com_section (symbol->section)) \
412 . relocation = symbol->value; \
424 unsigned int bfd_get_reloc_size (reloc_howto_type *);
427 For a reloc_howto_type that operates on a fixed number of bytes,
428 this returns the number of bytes operated on.
432 bfd_get_reloc_size (howto)
433 reloc_howto_type *howto;
454 How relocs are tied together in an <<asection>>:
456 .typedef struct relent_chain
459 . struct relent_chain *next;
464 /* N_ONES produces N one bits, without overflowing machine arithmetic. */
465 #define N_ONES(n) (((((bfd_vma) 1 << ((n) - 1)) - 1) << 1) | 1)
472 bfd_reloc_status_type
474 (enum complain_overflow how,
475 unsigned int bitsize,
476 unsigned int rightshift,
477 unsigned int addrsize,
481 Perform overflow checking on @var{relocation} which has
482 @var{bitsize} significant bits and will be shifted right by
483 @var{rightshift} bits, on a machine with addresses containing
484 @var{addrsize} significant bits. The result is either of
485 @code{bfd_reloc_ok} or @code{bfd_reloc_overflow}.
489 bfd_reloc_status_type
490 bfd_check_overflow (how, bitsize, rightshift, addrsize, relocation)
491 enum complain_overflow how;
492 unsigned int bitsize;
493 unsigned int rightshift;
494 unsigned int addrsize;
497 bfd_vma fieldmask, addrmask, signmask, ss, a;
498 bfd_reloc_status_type flag = bfd_reloc_ok;
502 /* Note: BITSIZE should always be <= ADDRSIZE, but in case it's not,
503 we'll be permissive: extra bits in the field mask will
504 automatically extend the address mask for purposes of the
506 fieldmask = N_ONES (bitsize);
507 addrmask = N_ONES (addrsize) | fieldmask;
511 case complain_overflow_dont:
514 case complain_overflow_signed:
515 /* If any sign bits are set, all sign bits must be set. That
516 is, A must be a valid negative address after shifting. */
517 a = (a & addrmask) >> rightshift;
518 signmask = ~ (fieldmask >> 1);
520 if (ss != 0 && ss != ((addrmask >> rightshift) & signmask))
521 flag = bfd_reloc_overflow;
524 case complain_overflow_unsigned:
525 /* We have an overflow if the address does not fit in the field. */
526 a = (a & addrmask) >> rightshift;
527 if ((a & ~ fieldmask) != 0)
528 flag = bfd_reloc_overflow;
531 case complain_overflow_bitfield:
532 /* Bitfields are sometimes signed, sometimes unsigned. We
533 explicitly allow an address wrap too, which means a bitfield
534 of n bits is allowed to store -2**n to 2**n-1. Thus overflow
535 if the value has some, but not all, bits set outside the
538 ss = a & ~ fieldmask;
539 if (ss != 0 && ss != (((bfd_vma) -1 >> rightshift) & ~ fieldmask))
540 flag = bfd_reloc_overflow;
552 bfd_perform_relocation
555 bfd_reloc_status_type
556 bfd_perform_relocation
558 arelent *reloc_entry,
560 asection *input_section,
562 char **error_message);
565 If @var{output_bfd} is supplied to this function, the
566 generated image will be relocatable; the relocations are
567 copied to the output file after they have been changed to
568 reflect the new state of the world. There are two ways of
569 reflecting the results of partial linkage in an output file:
570 by modifying the output data in place, and by modifying the
571 relocation record. Some native formats (e.g., basic a.out and
572 basic coff) have no way of specifying an addend in the
573 relocation type, so the addend has to go in the output data.
574 This is no big deal since in these formats the output data
575 slot will always be big enough for the addend. Complex reloc
576 types with addends were invented to solve just this problem.
577 The @var{error_message} argument is set to an error message if
578 this return @code{bfd_reloc_dangerous}.
582 bfd_reloc_status_type
583 bfd_perform_relocation (abfd, reloc_entry, data, input_section, output_bfd,
586 arelent *reloc_entry;
588 asection *input_section;
590 char **error_message;
593 bfd_reloc_status_type flag = bfd_reloc_ok;
594 bfd_size_type octets = reloc_entry->address * bfd_octets_per_byte (abfd);
595 bfd_vma output_base = 0;
596 reloc_howto_type *howto = reloc_entry->howto;
597 asection *reloc_target_output_section;
600 symbol = *(reloc_entry->sym_ptr_ptr);
601 if (bfd_is_abs_section (symbol->section)
602 && output_bfd != (bfd *) NULL)
604 reloc_entry->address += input_section->output_offset;
608 /* If we are not producing relocateable output, return an error if
609 the symbol is not defined. An undefined weak symbol is
610 considered to have a value of zero (SVR4 ABI, p. 4-27). */
611 if (bfd_is_und_section (symbol->section)
612 && (symbol->flags & BSF_WEAK) == 0
613 && output_bfd == (bfd *) NULL)
614 flag = bfd_reloc_undefined;
616 /* If there is a function supplied to handle this relocation type,
617 call it. It'll return `bfd_reloc_continue' if further processing
619 if (howto->special_function)
621 bfd_reloc_status_type cont;
622 cont = howto->special_function (abfd, reloc_entry, symbol, data,
623 input_section, output_bfd,
625 if (cont != bfd_reloc_continue)
629 /* Is the address of the relocation really within the section? */
630 if (reloc_entry->address > input_section->_cooked_size /
631 bfd_octets_per_byte (abfd))
632 return bfd_reloc_outofrange;
634 /* Work out which section the relocation is targetted at and the
635 initial relocation command value. */
637 /* Get symbol value. (Common symbols are special.) */
638 if (bfd_is_com_section (symbol->section))
641 relocation = symbol->value;
643 reloc_target_output_section = symbol->section->output_section;
645 /* Convert input-section-relative symbol value to absolute. */
646 if (output_bfd && howto->partial_inplace == false)
649 output_base = reloc_target_output_section->vma;
651 relocation += output_base + symbol->section->output_offset;
653 /* Add in supplied addend. */
654 relocation += reloc_entry->addend;
656 /* Here the variable relocation holds the final address of the
657 symbol we are relocating against, plus any addend. */
659 if (howto->pc_relative == true)
661 /* This is a PC relative relocation. We want to set RELOCATION
662 to the distance between the address of the symbol and the
663 location. RELOCATION is already the address of the symbol.
665 We start by subtracting the address of the section containing
668 If pcrel_offset is set, we must further subtract the position
669 of the location within the section. Some targets arrange for
670 the addend to be the negative of the position of the location
671 within the section; for example, i386-aout does this. For
672 i386-aout, pcrel_offset is false. Some other targets do not
673 include the position of the location; for example, m88kbcs,
674 or ELF. For those targets, pcrel_offset is true.
676 If we are producing relocateable output, then we must ensure
677 that this reloc will be correctly computed when the final
678 relocation is done. If pcrel_offset is false we want to wind
679 up with the negative of the location within the section,
680 which means we must adjust the existing addend by the change
681 in the location within the section. If pcrel_offset is true
682 we do not want to adjust the existing addend at all.
684 FIXME: This seems logical to me, but for the case of
685 producing relocateable output it is not what the code
686 actually does. I don't want to change it, because it seems
687 far too likely that something will break. */
690 input_section->output_section->vma + input_section->output_offset;
692 if (howto->pcrel_offset == true)
693 relocation -= reloc_entry->address;
696 if (output_bfd != (bfd *) NULL)
698 if (howto->partial_inplace == false)
700 /* This is a partial relocation, and we want to apply the relocation
701 to the reloc entry rather than the raw data. Modify the reloc
702 inplace to reflect what we now know. */
703 reloc_entry->addend = relocation;
704 reloc_entry->address += input_section->output_offset;
709 /* This is a partial relocation, but inplace, so modify the
712 If we've relocated with a symbol with a section, change
713 into a ref to the section belonging to the symbol. */
715 reloc_entry->address += input_section->output_offset;
718 if (abfd->xvec->flavour == bfd_target_coff_flavour
719 && strcmp (abfd->xvec->name, "coff-Intel-little") != 0
720 && strcmp (abfd->xvec->name, "coff-Intel-big") != 0)
723 /* For m68k-coff, the addend was being subtracted twice during
724 relocation with -r. Removing the line below this comment
725 fixes that problem; see PR 2953.
727 However, Ian wrote the following, regarding removing the line below,
728 which explains why it is still enabled: --djm
730 If you put a patch like that into BFD you need to check all the COFF
731 linkers. I am fairly certain that patch will break coff-i386 (e.g.,
732 SCO); see coff_i386_reloc in coff-i386.c where I worked around the
733 problem in a different way. There may very well be a reason that the
734 code works as it does.
736 Hmmm. The first obvious point is that bfd_perform_relocation should
737 not have any tests that depend upon the flavour. It's seem like
738 entirely the wrong place for such a thing. The second obvious point
739 is that the current code ignores the reloc addend when producing
740 relocateable output for COFF. That's peculiar. In fact, I really
741 have no idea what the point of the line you want to remove is.
743 A typical COFF reloc subtracts the old value of the symbol and adds in
744 the new value to the location in the object file (if it's a pc
745 relative reloc it adds the difference between the symbol value and the
746 location). When relocating we need to preserve that property.
748 BFD handles this by setting the addend to the negative of the old
749 value of the symbol. Unfortunately it handles common symbols in a
750 non-standard way (it doesn't subtract the old value) but that's a
751 different story (we can't change it without losing backward
752 compatibility with old object files) (coff-i386 does subtract the old
753 value, to be compatible with existing coff-i386 targets, like SCO).
755 So everything works fine when not producing relocateable output. When
756 we are producing relocateable output, logically we should do exactly
757 what we do when not producing relocateable output. Therefore, your
758 patch is correct. In fact, it should probably always just set
759 reloc_entry->addend to 0 for all cases, since it is, in fact, going to
760 add the value into the object file. This won't hurt the COFF code,
761 which doesn't use the addend; I'm not sure what it will do to other
762 formats (the thing to check for would be whether any formats both use
763 the addend and set partial_inplace).
765 When I wanted to make coff-i386 produce relocateable output, I ran
766 into the problem that you are running into: I wanted to remove that
767 line. Rather than risk it, I made the coff-i386 relocs use a special
768 function; it's coff_i386_reloc in coff-i386.c. The function
769 specifically adds the addend field into the object file, knowing that
770 bfd_perform_relocation is not going to. If you remove that line, then
771 coff-i386.c will wind up adding the addend field in twice. It's
772 trivial to fix; it just needs to be done.
774 The problem with removing the line is just that it may break some
775 working code. With BFD it's hard to be sure of anything. The right
776 way to deal with this is simply to build and test at least all the
777 supported COFF targets. It should be straightforward if time and disk
778 space consuming. For each target:
780 2) generate some executable, and link it using -r (I would
781 probably use paranoia.o and link against newlib/libc.a, which
782 for all the supported targets would be available in
783 /usr/cygnus/progressive/H-host/target/lib/libc.a).
784 3) make the change to reloc.c
785 4) rebuild the linker
787 6) if the resulting object files are the same, you have at least
789 7) if they are different you have to figure out which version is
792 relocation -= reloc_entry->addend;
794 reloc_entry->addend = 0;
798 reloc_entry->addend = relocation;
804 reloc_entry->addend = 0;
807 /* FIXME: This overflow checking is incomplete, because the value
808 might have overflowed before we get here. For a correct check we
809 need to compute the value in a size larger than bitsize, but we
810 can't reasonably do that for a reloc the same size as a host
812 FIXME: We should also do overflow checking on the result after
813 adding in the value contained in the object file. */
814 if (howto->complain_on_overflow != complain_overflow_dont
815 && flag == bfd_reloc_ok)
816 flag = bfd_check_overflow (howto->complain_on_overflow,
819 bfd_arch_bits_per_address (abfd),
823 Either we are relocating all the way, or we don't want to apply
824 the relocation to the reloc entry (probably because there isn't
825 any room in the output format to describe addends to relocs)
828 /* The cast to bfd_vma avoids a bug in the Alpha OSF/1 C compiler
829 (OSF version 1.3, compiler version 3.11). It miscompiles the
843 x <<= (unsigned long) s.i0;
847 printf ("succeeded (%lx)\n", x);
851 relocation >>= (bfd_vma) howto->rightshift;
853 /* Shift everything up to where it's going to be used */
855 relocation <<= (bfd_vma) howto->bitpos;
857 /* Wait for the day when all have the mask in them */
860 i instruction to be left alone
861 o offset within instruction
862 r relocation offset to apply
871 (( i i i i i o o o o o from bfd_get<size>
872 and S S S S S) to get the size offset we want
873 + r r r r r r r r r r) to get the final value to place
874 and D D D D D to chop to right size
875 -----------------------
878 ( i i i i i o o o o o from bfd_get<size>
879 and N N N N N ) get instruction
880 -----------------------
886 -----------------------
887 = R R R R R R R R R R put into bfd_put<size>
891 x = ( (x & ~howto->dst_mask) | (((x & howto->src_mask) + relocation) & howto->dst_mask))
897 char x = bfd_get_8 (abfd, (char *) data + octets);
899 bfd_put_8 (abfd, x, (unsigned char *) data + octets);
905 short x = bfd_get_16 (abfd, (bfd_byte *) data + octets);
907 bfd_put_16 (abfd, (bfd_vma) x, (unsigned char *) data + octets);
912 long x = bfd_get_32 (abfd, (bfd_byte *) data + octets);
914 bfd_put_32 (abfd, (bfd_vma) x, (bfd_byte *) data + octets);
919 long x = bfd_get_32 (abfd, (bfd_byte *) data + octets);
920 relocation = -relocation;
922 bfd_put_32 (abfd, (bfd_vma) x, (bfd_byte *) data + octets);
928 long x = bfd_get_16 (abfd, (bfd_byte *) data + octets);
929 relocation = -relocation;
931 bfd_put_16 (abfd, (bfd_vma) x, (bfd_byte *) data + octets);
942 bfd_vma x = bfd_get_64 (abfd, (bfd_byte *) data + octets);
944 bfd_put_64 (abfd, x, (bfd_byte *) data + octets);
951 return bfd_reloc_other;
959 bfd_install_relocation
962 bfd_reloc_status_type
963 bfd_install_relocation
965 arelent *reloc_entry,
966 PTR data, bfd_vma data_start,
967 asection *input_section,
968 char **error_message);
971 This looks remarkably like <<bfd_perform_relocation>>, except it
972 does not expect that the section contents have been filled in.
973 I.e., it's suitable for use when creating, rather than applying
976 For now, this function should be considered reserved for the
981 bfd_reloc_status_type
982 bfd_install_relocation (abfd, reloc_entry, data_start, data_start_offset,
983 input_section, error_message)
985 arelent *reloc_entry;
987 bfd_vma data_start_offset;
988 asection *input_section;
989 char **error_message;
992 bfd_reloc_status_type flag = bfd_reloc_ok;
993 bfd_size_type octets = reloc_entry->address * bfd_octets_per_byte (abfd);
994 bfd_vma output_base = 0;
995 reloc_howto_type *howto = reloc_entry->howto;
996 asection *reloc_target_output_section;
1000 symbol = *(reloc_entry->sym_ptr_ptr);
1001 if (bfd_is_abs_section (symbol->section))
1003 reloc_entry->address += input_section->output_offset;
1004 return bfd_reloc_ok;
1007 /* If there is a function supplied to handle this relocation type,
1008 call it. It'll return `bfd_reloc_continue' if further processing
1010 if (howto->special_function)
1012 bfd_reloc_status_type cont;
1014 /* XXX - The special_function calls haven't been fixed up to deal
1015 with creating new relocations and section contents. */
1016 cont = howto->special_function (abfd, reloc_entry, symbol,
1017 /* XXX - Non-portable! */
1018 ((bfd_byte *) data_start
1019 - data_start_offset),
1020 input_section, abfd, error_message);
1021 if (cont != bfd_reloc_continue)
1025 /* Is the address of the relocation really within the section? */
1026 if (reloc_entry->address > input_section->_cooked_size)
1027 return bfd_reloc_outofrange;
1029 /* Work out which section the relocation is targetted at and the
1030 initial relocation command value. */
1032 /* Get symbol value. (Common symbols are special.) */
1033 if (bfd_is_com_section (symbol->section))
1036 relocation = symbol->value;
1038 reloc_target_output_section = symbol->section->output_section;
1040 /* Convert input-section-relative symbol value to absolute. */
1041 if (howto->partial_inplace == false)
1044 output_base = reloc_target_output_section->vma;
1046 relocation += output_base + symbol->section->output_offset;
1048 /* Add in supplied addend. */
1049 relocation += reloc_entry->addend;
1051 /* Here the variable relocation holds the final address of the
1052 symbol we are relocating against, plus any addend. */
1054 if (howto->pc_relative == true)
1056 /* This is a PC relative relocation. We want to set RELOCATION
1057 to the distance between the address of the symbol and the
1058 location. RELOCATION is already the address of the symbol.
1060 We start by subtracting the address of the section containing
1063 If pcrel_offset is set, we must further subtract the position
1064 of the location within the section. Some targets arrange for
1065 the addend to be the negative of the position of the location
1066 within the section; for example, i386-aout does this. For
1067 i386-aout, pcrel_offset is false. Some other targets do not
1068 include the position of the location; for example, m88kbcs,
1069 or ELF. For those targets, pcrel_offset is true.
1071 If we are producing relocateable output, then we must ensure
1072 that this reloc will be correctly computed when the final
1073 relocation is done. If pcrel_offset is false we want to wind
1074 up with the negative of the location within the section,
1075 which means we must adjust the existing addend by the change
1076 in the location within the section. If pcrel_offset is true
1077 we do not want to adjust the existing addend at all.
1079 FIXME: This seems logical to me, but for the case of
1080 producing relocateable output it is not what the code
1081 actually does. I don't want to change it, because it seems
1082 far too likely that something will break. */
1085 input_section->output_section->vma + input_section->output_offset;
1087 if (howto->pcrel_offset == true && howto->partial_inplace == true)
1088 relocation -= reloc_entry->address;
1091 if (howto->partial_inplace == false)
1093 /* This is a partial relocation, and we want to apply the relocation
1094 to the reloc entry rather than the raw data. Modify the reloc
1095 inplace to reflect what we now know. */
1096 reloc_entry->addend = relocation;
1097 reloc_entry->address += input_section->output_offset;
1102 /* This is a partial relocation, but inplace, so modify the
1105 If we've relocated with a symbol with a section, change
1106 into a ref to the section belonging to the symbol. */
1108 reloc_entry->address += input_section->output_offset;
1111 if (abfd->xvec->flavour == bfd_target_coff_flavour
1112 && strcmp (abfd->xvec->name, "coff-Intel-little") != 0
1113 && strcmp (abfd->xvec->name, "coff-Intel-big") != 0)
1116 /* For m68k-coff, the addend was being subtracted twice during
1117 relocation with -r. Removing the line below this comment
1118 fixes that problem; see PR 2953.
1120 However, Ian wrote the following, regarding removing the line below,
1121 which explains why it is still enabled: --djm
1123 If you put a patch like that into BFD you need to check all the COFF
1124 linkers. I am fairly certain that patch will break coff-i386 (e.g.,
1125 SCO); see coff_i386_reloc in coff-i386.c where I worked around the
1126 problem in a different way. There may very well be a reason that the
1127 code works as it does.
1129 Hmmm. The first obvious point is that bfd_install_relocation should
1130 not have any tests that depend upon the flavour. It's seem like
1131 entirely the wrong place for such a thing. The second obvious point
1132 is that the current code ignores the reloc addend when producing
1133 relocateable output for COFF. That's peculiar. In fact, I really
1134 have no idea what the point of the line you want to remove is.
1136 A typical COFF reloc subtracts the old value of the symbol and adds in
1137 the new value to the location in the object file (if it's a pc
1138 relative reloc it adds the difference between the symbol value and the
1139 location). When relocating we need to preserve that property.
1141 BFD handles this by setting the addend to the negative of the old
1142 value of the symbol. Unfortunately it handles common symbols in a
1143 non-standard way (it doesn't subtract the old value) but that's a
1144 different story (we can't change it without losing backward
1145 compatibility with old object files) (coff-i386 does subtract the old
1146 value, to be compatible with existing coff-i386 targets, like SCO).
1148 So everything works fine when not producing relocateable output. When
1149 we are producing relocateable output, logically we should do exactly
1150 what we do when not producing relocateable output. Therefore, your
1151 patch is correct. In fact, it should probably always just set
1152 reloc_entry->addend to 0 for all cases, since it is, in fact, going to
1153 add the value into the object file. This won't hurt the COFF code,
1154 which doesn't use the addend; I'm not sure what it will do to other
1155 formats (the thing to check for would be whether any formats both use
1156 the addend and set partial_inplace).
1158 When I wanted to make coff-i386 produce relocateable output, I ran
1159 into the problem that you are running into: I wanted to remove that
1160 line. Rather than risk it, I made the coff-i386 relocs use a special
1161 function; it's coff_i386_reloc in coff-i386.c. The function
1162 specifically adds the addend field into the object file, knowing that
1163 bfd_install_relocation is not going to. If you remove that line, then
1164 coff-i386.c will wind up adding the addend field in twice. It's
1165 trivial to fix; it just needs to be done.
1167 The problem with removing the line is just that it may break some
1168 working code. With BFD it's hard to be sure of anything. The right
1169 way to deal with this is simply to build and test at least all the
1170 supported COFF targets. It should be straightforward if time and disk
1171 space consuming. For each target:
1173 2) generate some executable, and link it using -r (I would
1174 probably use paranoia.o and link against newlib/libc.a, which
1175 for all the supported targets would be available in
1176 /usr/cygnus/progressive/H-host/target/lib/libc.a).
1177 3) make the change to reloc.c
1178 4) rebuild the linker
1180 6) if the resulting object files are the same, you have at least
1182 7) if they are different you have to figure out which version is
1185 relocation -= reloc_entry->addend;
1187 reloc_entry->addend = 0;
1191 reloc_entry->addend = relocation;
1195 /* FIXME: This overflow checking is incomplete, because the value
1196 might have overflowed before we get here. For a correct check we
1197 need to compute the value in a size larger than bitsize, but we
1198 can't reasonably do that for a reloc the same size as a host
1200 FIXME: We should also do overflow checking on the result after
1201 adding in the value contained in the object file. */
1202 if (howto->complain_on_overflow != complain_overflow_dont)
1203 flag = bfd_check_overflow (howto->complain_on_overflow,
1206 bfd_arch_bits_per_address (abfd),
1210 Either we are relocating all the way, or we don't want to apply
1211 the relocation to the reloc entry (probably because there isn't
1212 any room in the output format to describe addends to relocs)
1215 /* The cast to bfd_vma avoids a bug in the Alpha OSF/1 C compiler
1216 (OSF version 1.3, compiler version 3.11). It miscompiles the
1230 x <<= (unsigned long) s.i0;
1232 printf ("failed\n");
1234 printf ("succeeded (%lx)\n", x);
1238 relocation >>= (bfd_vma) howto->rightshift;
1240 /* Shift everything up to where it's going to be used */
1242 relocation <<= (bfd_vma) howto->bitpos;
1244 /* Wait for the day when all have the mask in them */
1247 i instruction to be left alone
1248 o offset within instruction
1249 r relocation offset to apply
1258 (( i i i i i o o o o o from bfd_get<size>
1259 and S S S S S) to get the size offset we want
1260 + r r r r r r r r r r) to get the final value to place
1261 and D D D D D to chop to right size
1262 -----------------------
1265 ( i i i i i o o o o o from bfd_get<size>
1266 and N N N N N ) get instruction
1267 -----------------------
1273 -----------------------
1274 = R R R R R R R R R R put into bfd_put<size>
1278 x = ( (x & ~howto->dst_mask) | (((x & howto->src_mask) + relocation) & howto->dst_mask))
1280 data = (bfd_byte *) data_start + (octets - data_start_offset);
1282 switch (howto->size)
1286 char x = bfd_get_8 (abfd, (char *) data);
1288 bfd_put_8 (abfd, x, (unsigned char *) data);
1294 short x = bfd_get_16 (abfd, (bfd_byte *) data);
1296 bfd_put_16 (abfd, (bfd_vma) x, (unsigned char *) data);
1301 long x = bfd_get_32 (abfd, (bfd_byte *) data);
1303 bfd_put_32 (abfd, (bfd_vma) x, (bfd_byte *) data);
1308 long x = bfd_get_32 (abfd, (bfd_byte *) data);
1309 relocation = -relocation;
1311 bfd_put_32 (abfd, (bfd_vma) x, (bfd_byte *) data);
1321 bfd_vma x = bfd_get_64 (abfd, (bfd_byte *) data);
1323 bfd_put_64 (abfd, x, (bfd_byte *) data);
1327 return bfd_reloc_other;
1333 /* This relocation routine is used by some of the backend linkers.
1334 They do not construct asymbol or arelent structures, so there is no
1335 reason for them to use bfd_perform_relocation. Also,
1336 bfd_perform_relocation is so hacked up it is easier to write a new
1337 function than to try to deal with it.
1339 This routine does a final relocation. Whether it is useful for a
1340 relocateable link depends upon how the object format defines
1343 FIXME: This routine ignores any special_function in the HOWTO,
1344 since the existing special_function values have been written for
1345 bfd_perform_relocation.
1347 HOWTO is the reloc howto information.
1348 INPUT_BFD is the BFD which the reloc applies to.
1349 INPUT_SECTION is the section which the reloc applies to.
1350 CONTENTS is the contents of the section.
1351 ADDRESS is the address of the reloc within INPUT_SECTION.
1352 VALUE is the value of the symbol the reloc refers to.
1353 ADDEND is the addend of the reloc. */
1355 bfd_reloc_status_type
1356 _bfd_final_link_relocate (howto, input_bfd, input_section, contents, address,
1358 reloc_howto_type *howto;
1360 asection *input_section;
1368 /* Sanity check the address. */
1369 if (address > input_section->_raw_size)
1370 return bfd_reloc_outofrange;
1372 /* This function assumes that we are dealing with a basic relocation
1373 against a symbol. We want to compute the value of the symbol to
1374 relocate to. This is just VALUE, the value of the symbol, plus
1375 ADDEND, any addend associated with the reloc. */
1376 relocation = value + addend;
1378 /* If the relocation is PC relative, we want to set RELOCATION to
1379 the distance between the symbol (currently in RELOCATION) and the
1380 location we are relocating. Some targets (e.g., i386-aout)
1381 arrange for the contents of the section to be the negative of the
1382 offset of the location within the section; for such targets
1383 pcrel_offset is false. Other targets (e.g., m88kbcs or ELF)
1384 simply leave the contents of the section as zero; for such
1385 targets pcrel_offset is true. If pcrel_offset is false we do not
1386 need to subtract out the offset of the location within the
1387 section (which is just ADDRESS). */
1388 if (howto->pc_relative)
1390 relocation -= (input_section->output_section->vma
1391 + input_section->output_offset);
1392 if (howto->pcrel_offset)
1393 relocation -= address;
1396 return _bfd_relocate_contents (howto, input_bfd, relocation,
1397 contents + address);
1400 /* Relocate a given location using a given value and howto. */
1402 bfd_reloc_status_type
1403 _bfd_relocate_contents (howto, input_bfd, relocation, location)
1404 reloc_howto_type *howto;
1411 bfd_reloc_status_type flag;
1412 unsigned int rightshift = howto->rightshift;
1413 unsigned int bitpos = howto->bitpos;
1415 /* If the size is negative, negate RELOCATION. This isn't very
1417 if (howto->size < 0)
1418 relocation = -relocation;
1420 /* Get the value we are going to relocate. */
1421 size = bfd_get_reloc_size (howto);
1428 x = bfd_get_8 (input_bfd, location);
1431 x = bfd_get_16 (input_bfd, location);
1434 x = bfd_get_32 (input_bfd, location);
1438 x = bfd_get_64 (input_bfd, location);
1445 /* Check for overflow. FIXME: We may drop bits during the addition
1446 which we don't check for. We must either check at every single
1447 operation, which would be tedious, or we must do the computations
1448 in a type larger than bfd_vma, which would be inefficient. */
1449 flag = bfd_reloc_ok;
1450 if (howto->complain_on_overflow != complain_overflow_dont)
1452 bfd_vma addrmask, fieldmask, signmask, ss;
1455 /* Get the values to be added together. For signed and unsigned
1456 relocations, we assume that all values should be truncated to
1457 the size of an address. For bitfields, all the bits matter.
1458 See also bfd_check_overflow. */
1459 fieldmask = N_ONES (howto->bitsize);
1460 addrmask = N_ONES (bfd_arch_bits_per_address (input_bfd)) | fieldmask;
1462 b = x & howto->src_mask;
1464 switch (howto->complain_on_overflow)
1466 case complain_overflow_signed:
1467 a = (a & addrmask) >> rightshift;
1469 /* If any sign bits are set, all sign bits must be set.
1470 That is, A must be a valid negative address after
1472 signmask = ~ (fieldmask >> 1);
1474 if (ss != 0 && ss != ((addrmask >> rightshift) & signmask))
1475 flag = bfd_reloc_overflow;
1477 /* We only need this next bit of code if the sign bit of B
1478 is below the sign bit of A. This would only happen if
1479 SRC_MASK had fewer bits than BITSIZE. Note that if
1480 SRC_MASK has more bits than BITSIZE, we can get into
1481 trouble; we would need to verify that B is in range, as
1482 we do for A above. */
1483 signmask = ((~ howto->src_mask) >> 1) & howto->src_mask;
1485 /* Set all the bits above the sign bit. */
1486 b = (b ^ signmask) - signmask;
1488 b = (b & addrmask) >> bitpos;
1490 /* Now we can do the addition. */
1493 /* See if the result has the correct sign. Bits above the
1494 sign bit are junk now; ignore them. If the sum is
1495 positive, make sure we did not have all negative inputs;
1496 if the sum is negative, make sure we did not have all
1497 positive inputs. The test below looks only at the sign
1498 bits, and it really just
1499 SIGN (A) == SIGN (B) && SIGN (A) != SIGN (SUM)
1501 signmask = (fieldmask >> 1) + 1;
1502 if (((~ (a ^ b)) & (a ^ sum)) & signmask)
1503 flag = bfd_reloc_overflow;
1507 case complain_overflow_unsigned:
1508 /* Checking for an unsigned overflow is relatively easy:
1509 trim the addresses and add, and trim the result as well.
1510 Overflow is normally indicated when the result does not
1511 fit in the field. However, we also need to consider the
1512 case when, e.g., fieldmask is 0x7fffffff or smaller, an
1513 input is 0x80000000, and bfd_vma is only 32 bits; then we
1514 will get sum == 0, but there is an overflow, since the
1515 inputs did not fit in the field. Instead of doing a
1516 separate test, we can check for this by or-ing in the
1517 operands when testing for the sum overflowing its final
1519 a = (a & addrmask) >> rightshift;
1520 b = (b & addrmask) >> bitpos;
1521 sum = (a + b) & addrmask;
1522 if ((a | b | sum) & ~ fieldmask)
1523 flag = bfd_reloc_overflow;
1527 case complain_overflow_bitfield:
1528 /* Much like the signed check, but for a field one bit
1529 wider, and no trimming inputs with addrmask. We allow a
1530 bitfield to represent numbers in the range -2**n to
1531 2**n-1, where n is the number of bits in the field.
1532 Note that when bfd_vma is 32 bits, a 32-bit reloc can't
1533 overflow, which is exactly what we want. */
1536 signmask = ~ fieldmask;
1538 if (ss != 0 && ss != (((bfd_vma) -1 >> rightshift) & signmask))
1539 flag = bfd_reloc_overflow;
1541 signmask = ((~ howto->src_mask) >> 1) & howto->src_mask;
1542 b = (b ^ signmask) - signmask;
1548 /* We mask with addrmask here to explicitly allow an address
1549 wrap-around. The Linux kernel relies on it, and it is
1550 the only way to write assembler code which can run when
1551 loaded at a location 0x80000000 away from the location at
1552 which it is linked. */
1553 signmask = fieldmask + 1;
1554 if (((~ (a ^ b)) & (a ^ sum)) & signmask & addrmask)
1555 flag = bfd_reloc_overflow;
1564 /* Put RELOCATION in the right bits. */
1565 relocation >>= (bfd_vma) rightshift;
1566 relocation <<= (bfd_vma) bitpos;
1568 /* Add RELOCATION to the right bits of X. */
1569 x = ((x & ~howto->dst_mask)
1570 | (((x & howto->src_mask) + relocation) & howto->dst_mask));
1572 /* Put the relocated value back in the object file. */
1579 bfd_put_8 (input_bfd, x, location);
1582 bfd_put_16 (input_bfd, x, location);
1585 bfd_put_32 (input_bfd, x, location);
1589 bfd_put_64 (input_bfd, x, location);
1602 howto manager, , typedef arelent, Relocations
1607 When an application wants to create a relocation, but doesn't
1608 know what the target machine might call it, it can find out by
1609 using this bit of code.
1618 The insides of a reloc code. The idea is that, eventually, there
1619 will be one enumerator for every type of relocation we ever do.
1620 Pass one of these values to <<bfd_reloc_type_lookup>>, and it'll
1621 return a howto pointer.
1623 This does mean that the application must determine the correct
1624 enumerator value; you can't get a howto pointer from a random set
1645 Basic absolute relocations of N bits.
1660 PC-relative relocations. Sometimes these are relative to the address
1661 of the relocation itself; sometimes they are relative to the start of
1662 the section containing the relocation. It depends on the specific target.
1664 The 24-bit relocation is used in some Intel 960 configurations.
1667 BFD_RELOC_32_GOT_PCREL
1669 BFD_RELOC_16_GOT_PCREL
1671 BFD_RELOC_8_GOT_PCREL
1677 BFD_RELOC_LO16_GOTOFF
1679 BFD_RELOC_HI16_GOTOFF
1681 BFD_RELOC_HI16_S_GOTOFF
1685 BFD_RELOC_64_PLT_PCREL
1687 BFD_RELOC_32_PLT_PCREL
1689 BFD_RELOC_24_PLT_PCREL
1691 BFD_RELOC_16_PLT_PCREL
1693 BFD_RELOC_8_PLT_PCREL
1701 BFD_RELOC_LO16_PLTOFF
1703 BFD_RELOC_HI16_PLTOFF
1705 BFD_RELOC_HI16_S_PLTOFF
1712 BFD_RELOC_68K_GLOB_DAT
1714 BFD_RELOC_68K_JMP_SLOT
1716 BFD_RELOC_68K_RELATIVE
1718 Relocations used by 68K ELF.
1721 BFD_RELOC_32_BASEREL
1723 BFD_RELOC_16_BASEREL
1725 BFD_RELOC_LO16_BASEREL
1727 BFD_RELOC_HI16_BASEREL
1729 BFD_RELOC_HI16_S_BASEREL
1735 Linkage-table relative.
1740 Absolute 8-bit relocation, but used to form an address like 0xFFnn.
1743 BFD_RELOC_32_PCREL_S2
1745 BFD_RELOC_16_PCREL_S2
1747 BFD_RELOC_23_PCREL_S2
1749 These PC-relative relocations are stored as word displacements --
1750 i.e., byte displacements shifted right two bits. The 30-bit word
1751 displacement (<<32_PCREL_S2>> -- 32 bits, shifted 2) is used on the
1752 SPARC. (SPARC tools generally refer to this as <<WDISP30>>.) The
1753 signed 16-bit displacement is used on the MIPS, and the 23-bit
1754 displacement is used on the Alpha.
1761 High 22 bits and low 10 bits of 32-bit value, placed into lower bits of
1762 the target word. These are used on the SPARC.
1769 For systems that allocate a Global Pointer register, these are
1770 displacements off that register. These relocation types are
1771 handled specially, because the value the register will have is
1772 decided relatively late.
1775 BFD_RELOC_I960_CALLJ
1777 Reloc types used for i960/b.out.
1782 BFD_RELOC_SPARC_WDISP22
1788 BFD_RELOC_SPARC_GOT10
1790 BFD_RELOC_SPARC_GOT13
1792 BFD_RELOC_SPARC_GOT22
1794 BFD_RELOC_SPARC_PC10
1796 BFD_RELOC_SPARC_PC22
1798 BFD_RELOC_SPARC_WPLT30
1800 BFD_RELOC_SPARC_COPY
1802 BFD_RELOC_SPARC_GLOB_DAT
1804 BFD_RELOC_SPARC_JMP_SLOT
1806 BFD_RELOC_SPARC_RELATIVE
1808 BFD_RELOC_SPARC_UA16
1810 BFD_RELOC_SPARC_UA32
1812 BFD_RELOC_SPARC_UA64
1814 SPARC ELF relocations. There is probably some overlap with other
1815 relocation types already defined.
1818 BFD_RELOC_SPARC_BASE13
1820 BFD_RELOC_SPARC_BASE22
1822 I think these are specific to SPARC a.out (e.g., Sun 4).
1832 BFD_RELOC_SPARC_OLO10
1834 BFD_RELOC_SPARC_HH22
1836 BFD_RELOC_SPARC_HM10
1838 BFD_RELOC_SPARC_LM22
1840 BFD_RELOC_SPARC_PC_HH22
1842 BFD_RELOC_SPARC_PC_HM10
1844 BFD_RELOC_SPARC_PC_LM22
1846 BFD_RELOC_SPARC_WDISP16
1848 BFD_RELOC_SPARC_WDISP19
1856 BFD_RELOC_SPARC_DISP64
1859 BFD_RELOC_SPARC_PLT64
1861 BFD_RELOC_SPARC_HIX22
1863 BFD_RELOC_SPARC_LOX10
1871 BFD_RELOC_SPARC_REGISTER
1876 BFD_RELOC_SPARC_REV32
1878 SPARC little endian relocation
1881 BFD_RELOC_ALPHA_GPDISP_HI16
1883 Alpha ECOFF and ELF relocations. Some of these treat the symbol or
1884 "addend" in some special way.
1885 For GPDISP_HI16 ("gpdisp") relocations, the symbol is ignored when
1886 writing; when reading, it will be the absolute section symbol. The
1887 addend is the displacement in bytes of the "lda" instruction from
1888 the "ldah" instruction (which is at the address of this reloc).
1890 BFD_RELOC_ALPHA_GPDISP_LO16
1892 For GPDISP_LO16 ("ignore") relocations, the symbol is handled as
1893 with GPDISP_HI16 relocs. The addend is ignored when writing the
1894 relocations out, and is filled in with the file's GP value on
1895 reading, for convenience.
1898 BFD_RELOC_ALPHA_GPDISP
1900 The ELF GPDISP relocation is exactly the same as the GPDISP_HI16
1901 relocation except that there is no accompanying GPDISP_LO16
1905 BFD_RELOC_ALPHA_LITERAL
1907 BFD_RELOC_ALPHA_ELF_LITERAL
1909 BFD_RELOC_ALPHA_LITUSE
1911 The Alpha LITERAL/LITUSE relocs are produced by a symbol reference;
1912 the assembler turns it into a LDQ instruction to load the address of
1913 the symbol, and then fills in a register in the real instruction.
1915 The LITERAL reloc, at the LDQ instruction, refers to the .lita
1916 section symbol. The addend is ignored when writing, but is filled
1917 in with the file's GP value on reading, for convenience, as with the
1920 The ELF_LITERAL reloc is somewhere between 16_GOTOFF and GPDISP_LO16.
1921 It should refer to the symbol to be referenced, as with 16_GOTOFF,
1922 but it generates output not based on the position within the .got
1923 section, but relative to the GP value chosen for the file during the
1926 The LITUSE reloc, on the instruction using the loaded address, gives
1927 information to the linker that it might be able to use to optimize
1928 away some literal section references. The symbol is ignored (read
1929 as the absolute section symbol), and the "addend" indicates the type
1930 of instruction using the register:
1931 1 - "memory" fmt insn
1932 2 - byte-manipulation (byte offset reg)
1933 3 - jsr (target of branch)
1936 BFD_RELOC_ALPHA_HINT
1938 The HINT relocation indicates a value that should be filled into the
1939 "hint" field of a jmp/jsr/ret instruction, for possible branch-
1940 prediction logic which may be provided on some processors.
1943 BFD_RELOC_ALPHA_LINKAGE
1945 The LINKAGE relocation outputs a linkage pair in the object file,
1946 which is filled by the linker.
1949 BFD_RELOC_ALPHA_CODEADDR
1951 The CODEADDR relocation outputs a STO_CA in the object file,
1952 which is filled by the linker.
1955 BFD_RELOC_ALPHA_GPREL_HI16
1957 BFD_RELOC_ALPHA_GPREL_LO16
1959 The GPREL_HI/LO relocations together form a 32-bit offset from the
1965 Bits 27..2 of the relocation address shifted right 2 bits;
1966 simple reloc otherwise.
1969 BFD_RELOC_MIPS16_JMP
1971 The MIPS16 jump instruction.
1974 BFD_RELOC_MIPS16_GPREL
1976 MIPS16 GP relative reloc.
1981 High 16 bits of 32-bit value; simple reloc.
1985 High 16 bits of 32-bit value but the low 16 bits will be sign
1986 extended and added to form the final result. If the low 16
1987 bits form a negative number, we need to add one to the high value
1988 to compensate for the borrow when the low bits are added.
1994 BFD_RELOC_PCREL_HI16_S
1996 Like BFD_RELOC_HI16_S, but PC relative.
1998 BFD_RELOC_PCREL_LO16
2000 Like BFD_RELOC_LO16, but PC relative.
2003 BFD_RELOC_MIPS_LITERAL
2005 Relocation against a MIPS literal section.
2008 BFD_RELOC_MIPS_GOT16
2010 BFD_RELOC_MIPS_CALL16
2012 BFD_RELOC_MIPS_GOT_HI16
2014 BFD_RELOC_MIPS_GOT_LO16
2016 BFD_RELOC_MIPS_CALL_HI16
2018 BFD_RELOC_MIPS_CALL_LO16
2022 BFD_RELOC_MIPS_GOT_PAGE
2024 BFD_RELOC_MIPS_GOT_OFST
2026 BFD_RELOC_MIPS_GOT_DISP
2028 BFD_RELOC_MIPS_SHIFT5
2030 BFD_RELOC_MIPS_SHIFT6
2032 BFD_RELOC_MIPS_INSERT_A
2034 BFD_RELOC_MIPS_INSERT_B
2036 BFD_RELOC_MIPS_DELETE
2038 BFD_RELOC_MIPS_HIGHEST
2040 BFD_RELOC_MIPS_HIGHER
2042 BFD_RELOC_MIPS_SCN_DISP
2044 BFD_RELOC_MIPS_REL16
2046 BFD_RELOC_MIPS_RELGOT
2051 MIPS ELF relocations.
2062 BFD_RELOC_386_GLOB_DAT
2064 BFD_RELOC_386_JUMP_SLOT
2066 BFD_RELOC_386_RELATIVE
2068 BFD_RELOC_386_GOTOFF
2072 i386/elf relocations
2075 BFD_RELOC_X86_64_GOT32
2077 BFD_RELOC_X86_64_PLT32
2079 BFD_RELOC_X86_64_COPY
2081 BFD_RELOC_X86_64_GLOB_DAT
2083 BFD_RELOC_X86_64_JUMP_SLOT
2085 BFD_RELOC_X86_64_RELATIVE
2087 BFD_RELOC_X86_64_GOTPCREL
2089 BFD_RELOC_X86_64_32S
2091 x86-64/elf relocations
2094 BFD_RELOC_NS32K_IMM_8
2096 BFD_RELOC_NS32K_IMM_16
2098 BFD_RELOC_NS32K_IMM_32
2100 BFD_RELOC_NS32K_IMM_8_PCREL
2102 BFD_RELOC_NS32K_IMM_16_PCREL
2104 BFD_RELOC_NS32K_IMM_32_PCREL
2106 BFD_RELOC_NS32K_DISP_8
2108 BFD_RELOC_NS32K_DISP_16
2110 BFD_RELOC_NS32K_DISP_32
2112 BFD_RELOC_NS32K_DISP_8_PCREL
2114 BFD_RELOC_NS32K_DISP_16_PCREL
2116 BFD_RELOC_NS32K_DISP_32_PCREL
2121 BFD_RELOC_PDP11_DISP_8_PCREL
2123 BFD_RELOC_PDP11_DISP_6_PCREL
2128 BFD_RELOC_PJ_CODE_HI16
2130 BFD_RELOC_PJ_CODE_LO16
2132 BFD_RELOC_PJ_CODE_DIR16
2134 BFD_RELOC_PJ_CODE_DIR32
2136 BFD_RELOC_PJ_CODE_REL16
2138 BFD_RELOC_PJ_CODE_REL32
2140 Picojava relocs. Not all of these appear in object files.
2151 BFD_RELOC_PPC_B16_BRTAKEN
2153 BFD_RELOC_PPC_B16_BRNTAKEN
2157 BFD_RELOC_PPC_BA16_BRTAKEN
2159 BFD_RELOC_PPC_BA16_BRNTAKEN
2163 BFD_RELOC_PPC_GLOB_DAT
2165 BFD_RELOC_PPC_JMP_SLOT
2167 BFD_RELOC_PPC_RELATIVE
2169 BFD_RELOC_PPC_LOCAL24PC
2171 BFD_RELOC_PPC_EMB_NADDR32
2173 BFD_RELOC_PPC_EMB_NADDR16
2175 BFD_RELOC_PPC_EMB_NADDR16_LO
2177 BFD_RELOC_PPC_EMB_NADDR16_HI
2179 BFD_RELOC_PPC_EMB_NADDR16_HA
2181 BFD_RELOC_PPC_EMB_SDAI16
2183 BFD_RELOC_PPC_EMB_SDA2I16
2185 BFD_RELOC_PPC_EMB_SDA2REL
2187 BFD_RELOC_PPC_EMB_SDA21
2189 BFD_RELOC_PPC_EMB_MRKREF
2191 BFD_RELOC_PPC_EMB_RELSEC16
2193 BFD_RELOC_PPC_EMB_RELST_LO
2195 BFD_RELOC_PPC_EMB_RELST_HI
2197 BFD_RELOC_PPC_EMB_RELST_HA
2199 BFD_RELOC_PPC_EMB_BIT_FLD
2201 BFD_RELOC_PPC_EMB_RELSDA
2203 BFD_RELOC_PPC64_HIGHER
2205 BFD_RELOC_PPC64_HIGHER_S
2207 BFD_RELOC_PPC64_HIGHEST
2209 BFD_RELOC_PPC64_HIGHEST_S
2211 BFD_RELOC_PPC64_TOC16_LO
2213 BFD_RELOC_PPC64_TOC16_HI
2215 BFD_RELOC_PPC64_TOC16_HA
2219 BFD_RELOC_PPC64_PLTGOT16
2221 BFD_RELOC_PPC64_PLTGOT16_LO
2223 BFD_RELOC_PPC64_PLTGOT16_HI
2225 BFD_RELOC_PPC64_PLTGOT16_HA
2227 BFD_RELOC_PPC64_ADDR16_DS
2229 BFD_RELOC_PPC64_ADDR16_LO_DS
2231 BFD_RELOC_PPC64_GOT16_DS
2233 BFD_RELOC_PPC64_GOT16_LO_DS
2235 BFD_RELOC_PPC64_PLT16_LO_DS
2237 BFD_RELOC_PPC64_SECTOFF_DS
2239 BFD_RELOC_PPC64_SECTOFF_LO_DS
2241 BFD_RELOC_PPC64_TOC16_DS
2243 BFD_RELOC_PPC64_TOC16_LO_DS
2245 BFD_RELOC_PPC64_PLTGOT16_DS
2247 BFD_RELOC_PPC64_PLTGOT16_LO_DS
2249 Power(rs6000) and PowerPC relocations.
2254 IBM 370/390 relocations
2259 The type of reloc used to build a contructor table - at the moment
2260 probably a 32 bit wide absolute relocation, but the target can choose.
2261 It generally does map to one of the other relocation types.
2264 BFD_RELOC_ARM_PCREL_BRANCH
2266 ARM 26 bit pc-relative branch. The lowest two bits must be zero and are
2267 not stored in the instruction.
2269 BFD_RELOC_ARM_PCREL_BLX
2271 ARM 26 bit pc-relative branch. The lowest bit must be zero and is
2272 not stored in the instruction. The 2nd lowest bit comes from a 1 bit
2273 field in the instruction.
2275 BFD_RELOC_THUMB_PCREL_BLX
2277 Thumb 22 bit pc-relative branch. The lowest bit must be zero and is
2278 not stored in the instruction. The 2nd lowest bit comes from a 1 bit
2279 field in the instruction.
2281 BFD_RELOC_ARM_IMMEDIATE
2283 BFD_RELOC_ARM_ADRL_IMMEDIATE
2285 BFD_RELOC_ARM_OFFSET_IMM
2287 BFD_RELOC_ARM_SHIFT_IMM
2293 BFD_RELOC_ARM_CP_OFF_IMM
2295 BFD_RELOC_ARM_ADR_IMM
2297 BFD_RELOC_ARM_LDR_IMM
2299 BFD_RELOC_ARM_LITERAL
2301 BFD_RELOC_ARM_IN_POOL
2303 BFD_RELOC_ARM_OFFSET_IMM8
2305 BFD_RELOC_ARM_HWLITERAL
2307 BFD_RELOC_ARM_THUMB_ADD
2309 BFD_RELOC_ARM_THUMB_IMM
2311 BFD_RELOC_ARM_THUMB_SHIFT
2313 BFD_RELOC_ARM_THUMB_OFFSET
2319 BFD_RELOC_ARM_JUMP_SLOT
2323 BFD_RELOC_ARM_GLOB_DAT
2327 BFD_RELOC_ARM_RELATIVE
2329 BFD_RELOC_ARM_GOTOFF
2333 These relocs are only used within the ARM assembler. They are not
2334 (at present) written to any object files.
2337 BFD_RELOC_SH_PCDISP8BY2
2339 BFD_RELOC_SH_PCDISP12BY2
2343 BFD_RELOC_SH_IMM4BY2
2345 BFD_RELOC_SH_IMM4BY4
2349 BFD_RELOC_SH_IMM8BY2
2351 BFD_RELOC_SH_IMM8BY4
2353 BFD_RELOC_SH_PCRELIMM8BY2
2355 BFD_RELOC_SH_PCRELIMM8BY4
2357 BFD_RELOC_SH_SWITCH16
2359 BFD_RELOC_SH_SWITCH32
2373 BFD_RELOC_SH_LOOP_START
2375 BFD_RELOC_SH_LOOP_END
2379 BFD_RELOC_SH_GLOB_DAT
2381 BFD_RELOC_SH_JMP_SLOT
2383 BFD_RELOC_SH_RELATIVE
2387 Hitachi SH relocs. Not all of these appear in object files.
2390 BFD_RELOC_THUMB_PCREL_BRANCH9
2392 BFD_RELOC_THUMB_PCREL_BRANCH12
2394 BFD_RELOC_THUMB_PCREL_BRANCH23
2396 Thumb 23-, 12- and 9-bit pc-relative branches. The lowest bit must
2397 be zero and is not stored in the instruction.
2400 BFD_RELOC_ARC_B22_PCREL
2403 ARC 22 bit pc-relative branch. The lowest two bits must be zero and are
2404 not stored in the instruction. The high 20 bits are installed in bits 26
2405 through 7 of the instruction.
2409 ARC 26 bit absolute branch. The lowest two bits must be zero and are not
2410 stored in the instruction. The high 24 bits are installed in bits 23
2414 BFD_RELOC_D10V_10_PCREL_R
2416 Mitsubishi D10V relocs.
2417 This is a 10-bit reloc with the right 2 bits
2420 BFD_RELOC_D10V_10_PCREL_L
2422 Mitsubishi D10V relocs.
2423 This is a 10-bit reloc with the right 2 bits
2424 assumed to be 0. This is the same as the previous reloc
2425 except it is in the left container, i.e.,
2426 shifted left 15 bits.
2430 This is an 18-bit reloc with the right 2 bits
2433 BFD_RELOC_D10V_18_PCREL
2435 This is an 18-bit reloc with the right 2 bits
2441 Mitsubishi D30V relocs.
2442 This is a 6-bit absolute reloc.
2444 BFD_RELOC_D30V_9_PCREL
2446 This is a 6-bit pc-relative reloc with
2447 the right 3 bits assumed to be 0.
2449 BFD_RELOC_D30V_9_PCREL_R
2451 This is a 6-bit pc-relative reloc with
2452 the right 3 bits assumed to be 0. Same
2453 as the previous reloc but on the right side
2458 This is a 12-bit absolute reloc with the
2459 right 3 bitsassumed to be 0.
2461 BFD_RELOC_D30V_15_PCREL
2463 This is a 12-bit pc-relative reloc with
2464 the right 3 bits assumed to be 0.
2466 BFD_RELOC_D30V_15_PCREL_R
2468 This is a 12-bit pc-relative reloc with
2469 the right 3 bits assumed to be 0. Same
2470 as the previous reloc but on the right side
2475 This is an 18-bit absolute reloc with
2476 the right 3 bits assumed to be 0.
2478 BFD_RELOC_D30V_21_PCREL
2480 This is an 18-bit pc-relative reloc with
2481 the right 3 bits assumed to be 0.
2483 BFD_RELOC_D30V_21_PCREL_R
2485 This is an 18-bit pc-relative reloc with
2486 the right 3 bits assumed to be 0. Same
2487 as the previous reloc but on the right side
2492 This is a 32-bit absolute reloc.
2494 BFD_RELOC_D30V_32_PCREL
2496 This is a 32-bit pc-relative reloc.
2501 Mitsubishi M32R relocs.
2502 This is a 24 bit absolute address.
2504 BFD_RELOC_M32R_10_PCREL
2506 This is a 10-bit pc-relative reloc with the right 2 bits assumed to be 0.
2508 BFD_RELOC_M32R_18_PCREL
2510 This is an 18-bit reloc with the right 2 bits assumed to be 0.
2512 BFD_RELOC_M32R_26_PCREL
2514 This is a 26-bit reloc with the right 2 bits assumed to be 0.
2516 BFD_RELOC_M32R_HI16_ULO
2518 This is a 16-bit reloc containing the high 16 bits of an address
2519 used when the lower 16 bits are treated as unsigned.
2521 BFD_RELOC_M32R_HI16_SLO
2523 This is a 16-bit reloc containing the high 16 bits of an address
2524 used when the lower 16 bits are treated as signed.
2528 This is a 16-bit reloc containing the lower 16 bits of an address.
2530 BFD_RELOC_M32R_SDA16
2532 This is a 16-bit reloc containing the small data area offset for use in
2533 add3, load, and store instructions.
2536 BFD_RELOC_V850_9_PCREL
2538 This is a 9-bit reloc
2540 BFD_RELOC_V850_22_PCREL
2542 This is a 22-bit reloc
2545 BFD_RELOC_V850_SDA_16_16_OFFSET
2547 This is a 16 bit offset from the short data area pointer.
2549 BFD_RELOC_V850_SDA_15_16_OFFSET
2551 This is a 16 bit offset (of which only 15 bits are used) from the
2552 short data area pointer.
2554 BFD_RELOC_V850_ZDA_16_16_OFFSET
2556 This is a 16 bit offset from the zero data area pointer.
2558 BFD_RELOC_V850_ZDA_15_16_OFFSET
2560 This is a 16 bit offset (of which only 15 bits are used) from the
2561 zero data area pointer.
2563 BFD_RELOC_V850_TDA_6_8_OFFSET
2565 This is an 8 bit offset (of which only 6 bits are used) from the
2566 tiny data area pointer.
2568 BFD_RELOC_V850_TDA_7_8_OFFSET
2570 This is an 8bit offset (of which only 7 bits are used) from the tiny
2573 BFD_RELOC_V850_TDA_7_7_OFFSET
2575 This is a 7 bit offset from the tiny data area pointer.
2577 BFD_RELOC_V850_TDA_16_16_OFFSET
2579 This is a 16 bit offset from the tiny data area pointer.
2582 BFD_RELOC_V850_TDA_4_5_OFFSET
2584 This is a 5 bit offset (of which only 4 bits are used) from the tiny
2587 BFD_RELOC_V850_TDA_4_4_OFFSET
2589 This is a 4 bit offset from the tiny data area pointer.
2591 BFD_RELOC_V850_SDA_16_16_SPLIT_OFFSET
2593 This is a 16 bit offset from the short data area pointer, with the
2594 bits placed non-contigously in the instruction.
2596 BFD_RELOC_V850_ZDA_16_16_SPLIT_OFFSET
2598 This is a 16 bit offset from the zero data area pointer, with the
2599 bits placed non-contigously in the instruction.
2601 BFD_RELOC_V850_CALLT_6_7_OFFSET
2603 This is a 6 bit offset from the call table base pointer.
2605 BFD_RELOC_V850_CALLT_16_16_OFFSET
2607 This is a 16 bit offset from the call table base pointer.
2611 BFD_RELOC_MN10300_32_PCREL
2613 This is a 32bit pcrel reloc for the mn10300, offset by two bytes in the
2616 BFD_RELOC_MN10300_16_PCREL
2618 This is a 16bit pcrel reloc for the mn10300, offset by two bytes in the
2624 This is a 8bit DP reloc for the tms320c30, where the most
2625 significant 8 bits of a 24 bit word are placed into the least
2626 significant 8 bits of the opcode.
2629 BFD_RELOC_TIC54X_PARTLS7
2631 This is a 7bit reloc for the tms320c54x, where the least
2632 significant 7 bits of a 16 bit word are placed into the least
2633 significant 7 bits of the opcode.
2636 BFD_RELOC_TIC54X_PARTMS9
2638 This is a 9bit DP reloc for the tms320c54x, where the most
2639 significant 9 bits of a 16 bit word are placed into the least
2640 significant 9 bits of the opcode.
2645 This is an extended address 23-bit reloc for the tms320c54x.
2648 BFD_RELOC_TIC54X_16_OF_23
2650 This is a 16-bit reloc for the tms320c54x, where the least
2651 significant 16 bits of a 23-bit extended address are placed into
2655 BFD_RELOC_TIC54X_MS7_OF_23
2657 This is a reloc for the tms320c54x, where the most
2658 significant 7 bits of a 23-bit extended address are placed into
2664 This is a 48 bit reloc for the FR30 that stores 32 bits.
2668 This is a 32 bit reloc for the FR30 that stores 20 bits split up into
2671 BFD_RELOC_FR30_6_IN_4
2673 This is a 16 bit reloc for the FR30 that stores a 6 bit word offset in
2676 BFD_RELOC_FR30_8_IN_8
2678 This is a 16 bit reloc for the FR30 that stores an 8 bit byte offset
2681 BFD_RELOC_FR30_9_IN_8
2683 This is a 16 bit reloc for the FR30 that stores a 9 bit short offset
2686 BFD_RELOC_FR30_10_IN_8
2688 This is a 16 bit reloc for the FR30 that stores a 10 bit word offset
2691 BFD_RELOC_FR30_9_PCREL
2693 This is a 16 bit reloc for the FR30 that stores a 9 bit pc relative
2694 short offset into 8 bits.
2696 BFD_RELOC_FR30_12_PCREL
2698 This is a 16 bit reloc for the FR30 that stores a 12 bit pc relative
2699 short offset into 11 bits.
2702 BFD_RELOC_MCORE_PCREL_IMM8BY4
2704 BFD_RELOC_MCORE_PCREL_IMM11BY2
2706 BFD_RELOC_MCORE_PCREL_IMM4BY2
2708 BFD_RELOC_MCORE_PCREL_32
2710 BFD_RELOC_MCORE_PCREL_JSR_IMM11BY2
2714 Motorola Mcore relocations.
2719 BFD_RELOC_MMIX_GETA_1
2721 BFD_RELOC_MMIX_GETA_2
2723 BFD_RELOC_MMIX_GETA_3
2725 These are relocations for the GETA instruction.
2727 BFD_RELOC_MMIX_CBRANCH
2729 BFD_RELOC_MMIX_CBRANCH_J
2731 BFD_RELOC_MMIX_CBRANCH_1
2733 BFD_RELOC_MMIX_CBRANCH_2
2735 BFD_RELOC_MMIX_CBRANCH_3
2737 These are relocations for a conditional branch instruction.
2739 BFD_RELOC_MMIX_PUSHJ
2741 BFD_RELOC_MMIX_PUSHJ_1
2743 BFD_RELOC_MMIX_PUSHJ_2
2745 BFD_RELOC_MMIX_PUSHJ_3
2747 These are relocations for the PUSHJ instruction.
2751 BFD_RELOC_MMIX_JMP_1
2753 BFD_RELOC_MMIX_JMP_2
2755 BFD_RELOC_MMIX_JMP_3
2757 These are relocations for the JMP instruction.
2759 BFD_RELOC_MMIX_ADDR19
2761 This is a relocation for a relative address as in a GETA instruction or
2764 BFD_RELOC_MMIX_ADDR27
2766 This is a relocation for a relative address as in a JMP instruction.
2768 BFD_RELOC_MMIX_REG_OR_BYTE
2770 This is a relocation for an instruction field that may be a general
2771 register or a value 0..255.
2775 This is a relocation for an instruction field that may be a general
2778 BFD_RELOC_MMIX_BASE_PLUS_OFFSET
2780 This is a relocation for two instruction fields holding a register and
2781 an offset, the equivalent of the relocation.
2783 BFD_RELOC_MMIX_LOCAL
2785 This relocation is an assertion that the expression is not allocated as
2786 a global register. It does not modify contents.
2789 BFD_RELOC_AVR_7_PCREL
2791 This is a 16 bit reloc for the AVR that stores 8 bit pc relative
2792 short offset into 7 bits.
2794 BFD_RELOC_AVR_13_PCREL
2796 This is a 16 bit reloc for the AVR that stores 13 bit pc relative
2797 short offset into 12 bits.
2801 This is a 16 bit reloc for the AVR that stores 17 bit value (usually
2802 program memory address) into 16 bits.
2804 BFD_RELOC_AVR_LO8_LDI
2806 This is a 16 bit reloc for the AVR that stores 8 bit value (usually
2807 data memory address) into 8 bit immediate value of LDI insn.
2809 BFD_RELOC_AVR_HI8_LDI
2811 This is a 16 bit reloc for the AVR that stores 8 bit value (high 8 bit
2812 of data memory address) into 8 bit immediate value of LDI insn.
2814 BFD_RELOC_AVR_HH8_LDI
2816 This is a 16 bit reloc for the AVR that stores 8 bit value (most high 8 bit
2817 of program memory address) into 8 bit immediate value of LDI insn.
2819 BFD_RELOC_AVR_LO8_LDI_NEG
2821 This is a 16 bit reloc for the AVR that stores negated 8 bit value
2822 (usually data memory address) into 8 bit immediate value of SUBI insn.
2824 BFD_RELOC_AVR_HI8_LDI_NEG
2826 This is a 16 bit reloc for the AVR that stores negated 8 bit value
2827 (high 8 bit of data memory address) into 8 bit immediate value of
2830 BFD_RELOC_AVR_HH8_LDI_NEG
2832 This is a 16 bit reloc for the AVR that stores negated 8 bit value
2833 (most high 8 bit of program memory address) into 8 bit immediate value
2834 of LDI or SUBI insn.
2836 BFD_RELOC_AVR_LO8_LDI_PM
2838 This is a 16 bit reloc for the AVR that stores 8 bit value (usually
2839 command address) into 8 bit immediate value of LDI insn.
2841 BFD_RELOC_AVR_HI8_LDI_PM
2843 This is a 16 bit reloc for the AVR that stores 8 bit value (high 8 bit
2844 of command address) into 8 bit immediate value of LDI insn.
2846 BFD_RELOC_AVR_HH8_LDI_PM
2848 This is a 16 bit reloc for the AVR that stores 8 bit value (most high 8 bit
2849 of command address) into 8 bit immediate value of LDI insn.
2851 BFD_RELOC_AVR_LO8_LDI_PM_NEG
2853 This is a 16 bit reloc for the AVR that stores negated 8 bit value
2854 (usually command address) into 8 bit immediate value of SUBI insn.
2856 BFD_RELOC_AVR_HI8_LDI_PM_NEG
2858 This is a 16 bit reloc for the AVR that stores negated 8 bit value
2859 (high 8 bit of 16 bit command address) into 8 bit immediate value
2862 BFD_RELOC_AVR_HH8_LDI_PM_NEG
2864 This is a 16 bit reloc for the AVR that stores negated 8 bit value
2865 (high 6 bit of 22 bit command address) into 8 bit immediate
2870 This is a 32 bit reloc for the AVR that stores 23 bit value
2884 32 bit PC relative PLT address.
2888 Copy symbol at runtime.
2890 BFD_RELOC_390_GLOB_DAT
2894 BFD_RELOC_390_JMP_SLOT
2898 BFD_RELOC_390_RELATIVE
2900 Adjust by program base.
2904 32 bit PC relative offset to GOT.
2910 BFD_RELOC_390_PC16DBL
2912 PC relative 16 bit shifted by 1.
2914 BFD_RELOC_390_PLT16DBL
2916 16 bit PC rel. PLT shifted by 1.
2918 BFD_RELOC_390_PC32DBL
2920 PC relative 32 bit shifted by 1.
2922 BFD_RELOC_390_PLT32DBL
2924 32 bit PC rel. PLT shifted by 1.
2926 BFD_RELOC_390_GOTPCDBL
2928 32 bit PC rel. GOT shifted by 1.
2936 64 bit PC relative PLT address.
2938 BFD_RELOC_390_GOTENT
2940 32 bit rel. offset to GOT entry.
2943 BFD_RELOC_VTABLE_INHERIT
2945 BFD_RELOC_VTABLE_ENTRY
2947 These two relocations are used by the linker to determine which of
2948 the entries in a C++ virtual function table are actually used. When
2949 the --gc-sections option is given, the linker will zero out the entries
2950 that are not used, so that the code for those functions need not be
2951 included in the output.
2953 VTABLE_INHERIT is a zero-space relocation used to describe to the
2954 linker the inheritence tree of a C++ virtual function table. The
2955 relocation's symbol should be the parent class' vtable, and the
2956 relocation should be located at the child vtable.
2958 VTABLE_ENTRY is a zero-space relocation that describes the use of a
2959 virtual function table entry. The reloc's symbol should refer to the
2960 table of the class mentioned in the code. Off of that base, an offset
2961 describes the entry that is being used. For Rela hosts, this offset
2962 is stored in the reloc's addend. For Rel hosts, we are forced to put
2963 this offset in the reloc's section offset.
2966 BFD_RELOC_IA64_IMM14
2968 BFD_RELOC_IA64_IMM22
2970 BFD_RELOC_IA64_IMM64
2972 BFD_RELOC_IA64_DIR32MSB
2974 BFD_RELOC_IA64_DIR32LSB
2976 BFD_RELOC_IA64_DIR64MSB
2978 BFD_RELOC_IA64_DIR64LSB
2980 BFD_RELOC_IA64_GPREL22
2982 BFD_RELOC_IA64_GPREL64I
2984 BFD_RELOC_IA64_GPREL32MSB
2986 BFD_RELOC_IA64_GPREL32LSB
2988 BFD_RELOC_IA64_GPREL64MSB
2990 BFD_RELOC_IA64_GPREL64LSB
2992 BFD_RELOC_IA64_LTOFF22
2994 BFD_RELOC_IA64_LTOFF64I
2996 BFD_RELOC_IA64_PLTOFF22
2998 BFD_RELOC_IA64_PLTOFF64I
3000 BFD_RELOC_IA64_PLTOFF64MSB
3002 BFD_RELOC_IA64_PLTOFF64LSB
3004 BFD_RELOC_IA64_FPTR64I
3006 BFD_RELOC_IA64_FPTR32MSB
3008 BFD_RELOC_IA64_FPTR32LSB
3010 BFD_RELOC_IA64_FPTR64MSB
3012 BFD_RELOC_IA64_FPTR64LSB
3014 BFD_RELOC_IA64_PCREL21B
3016 BFD_RELOC_IA64_PCREL21BI
3018 BFD_RELOC_IA64_PCREL21M
3020 BFD_RELOC_IA64_PCREL21F
3022 BFD_RELOC_IA64_PCREL22
3024 BFD_RELOC_IA64_PCREL60B
3026 BFD_RELOC_IA64_PCREL64I
3028 BFD_RELOC_IA64_PCREL32MSB
3030 BFD_RELOC_IA64_PCREL32LSB
3032 BFD_RELOC_IA64_PCREL64MSB
3034 BFD_RELOC_IA64_PCREL64LSB
3036 BFD_RELOC_IA64_LTOFF_FPTR22
3038 BFD_RELOC_IA64_LTOFF_FPTR64I
3040 BFD_RELOC_IA64_LTOFF_FPTR32MSB
3042 BFD_RELOC_IA64_LTOFF_FPTR32LSB
3044 BFD_RELOC_IA64_LTOFF_FPTR64MSB
3046 BFD_RELOC_IA64_LTOFF_FPTR64LSB
3048 BFD_RELOC_IA64_SEGREL32MSB
3050 BFD_RELOC_IA64_SEGREL32LSB
3052 BFD_RELOC_IA64_SEGREL64MSB
3054 BFD_RELOC_IA64_SEGREL64LSB
3056 BFD_RELOC_IA64_SECREL32MSB
3058 BFD_RELOC_IA64_SECREL32LSB
3060 BFD_RELOC_IA64_SECREL64MSB
3062 BFD_RELOC_IA64_SECREL64LSB
3064 BFD_RELOC_IA64_REL32MSB
3066 BFD_RELOC_IA64_REL32LSB
3068 BFD_RELOC_IA64_REL64MSB
3070 BFD_RELOC_IA64_REL64LSB
3072 BFD_RELOC_IA64_LTV32MSB
3074 BFD_RELOC_IA64_LTV32LSB
3076 BFD_RELOC_IA64_LTV64MSB
3078 BFD_RELOC_IA64_LTV64LSB
3080 BFD_RELOC_IA64_IPLTMSB
3082 BFD_RELOC_IA64_IPLTLSB
3086 BFD_RELOC_IA64_TPREL22
3088 BFD_RELOC_IA64_TPREL64MSB
3090 BFD_RELOC_IA64_TPREL64LSB
3092 BFD_RELOC_IA64_LTOFF_TP22
3094 BFD_RELOC_IA64_LTOFF22X
3096 BFD_RELOC_IA64_LDXMOV
3098 Intel IA64 Relocations.
3101 BFD_RELOC_M68HC11_HI8
3103 Motorola 68HC11 reloc.
3104 This is the 8 bits high part of an absolute address.
3106 BFD_RELOC_M68HC11_LO8
3108 Motorola 68HC11 reloc.
3109 This is the 8 bits low part of an absolute address.
3111 BFD_RELOC_M68HC11_3B
3113 Motorola 68HC11 reloc.
3114 This is the 3 bits of a value.
3117 BFD_RELOC_CRIS_BDISP8
3119 BFD_RELOC_CRIS_UNSIGNED_5
3121 BFD_RELOC_CRIS_SIGNED_6
3123 BFD_RELOC_CRIS_UNSIGNED_6
3125 BFD_RELOC_CRIS_UNSIGNED_4
3127 These relocs are only used within the CRIS assembler. They are not
3128 (at present) written to any object files.
3132 BFD_RELOC_CRIS_GLOB_DAT
3134 BFD_RELOC_CRIS_JUMP_SLOT
3136 BFD_RELOC_CRIS_RELATIVE
3138 Relocs used in ELF shared libraries for CRIS.
3140 BFD_RELOC_CRIS_32_GOT
3142 32-bit offset to symbol-entry within GOT.
3144 BFD_RELOC_CRIS_16_GOT
3146 16-bit offset to symbol-entry within GOT.
3148 BFD_RELOC_CRIS_32_GOTPLT
3150 32-bit offset to symbol-entry within GOT, with PLT handling.
3152 BFD_RELOC_CRIS_16_GOTPLT
3154 16-bit offset to symbol-entry within GOT, with PLT handling.
3156 BFD_RELOC_CRIS_32_GOTREL
3158 32-bit offset to symbol, relative to GOT.
3160 BFD_RELOC_CRIS_32_PLT_GOTREL
3162 32-bit offset to symbol with PLT entry, relative to GOT.
3164 BFD_RELOC_CRIS_32_PLT_PCREL
3166 32-bit offset to symbol with PLT entry, relative to this relocation.
3171 BFD_RELOC_860_GLOB_DAT
3173 BFD_RELOC_860_JUMP_SLOT
3175 BFD_RELOC_860_RELATIVE
3185 BFD_RELOC_860_SPLIT0
3189 BFD_RELOC_860_SPLIT1
3193 BFD_RELOC_860_SPLIT2
3197 BFD_RELOC_860_LOGOT0
3199 BFD_RELOC_860_SPGOT0
3201 BFD_RELOC_860_LOGOT1
3203 BFD_RELOC_860_SPGOT1
3205 BFD_RELOC_860_LOGOTOFF0
3207 BFD_RELOC_860_SPGOTOFF0
3209 BFD_RELOC_860_LOGOTOFF1
3211 BFD_RELOC_860_SPGOTOFF1
3213 BFD_RELOC_860_LOGOTOFF2
3215 BFD_RELOC_860_LOGOTOFF3
3219 BFD_RELOC_860_HIGHADJ
3223 BFD_RELOC_860_HAGOTOFF
3231 BFD_RELOC_860_HIGOTOFF
3233 Intel i860 Relocations.
3236 BFD_RELOC_OPENRISC_ABS_26
3238 BFD_RELOC_OPENRISC_REL_26
3240 OpenRISC Relocations.
3243 BFD_RELOC_H8_DIR16A8
3245 BFD_RELOC_H8_DIR16R8
3247 BFD_RELOC_H8_DIR24A8
3249 BFD_RELOC_H8_DIR24R8
3251 BFD_RELOC_H8_DIR32A16
3259 .typedef enum bfd_reloc_code_real bfd_reloc_code_real_type;
3264 bfd_reloc_type_lookup
3268 bfd_reloc_type_lookup (bfd *abfd, bfd_reloc_code_real_type code);
3271 Return a pointer to a howto structure which, when
3272 invoked, will perform the relocation @var{code} on data from the
3278 bfd_reloc_type_lookup (abfd, code)
3280 bfd_reloc_code_real_type code;
3282 return BFD_SEND (abfd, reloc_type_lookup, (abfd, code));
3285 static reloc_howto_type bfd_howto_32 =
3286 HOWTO (0, 00, 2, 32, false, 0, complain_overflow_bitfield, 0, "VRT32", false, 0xffffffff, 0xffffffff, true);
3290 bfd_default_reloc_type_lookup
3293 reloc_howto_type *bfd_default_reloc_type_lookup
3294 (bfd *abfd, bfd_reloc_code_real_type code);
3297 Provides a default relocation lookup routine for any architecture.
3302 bfd_default_reloc_type_lookup (abfd, code)
3304 bfd_reloc_code_real_type code;
3308 case BFD_RELOC_CTOR:
3309 /* The type of reloc used in a ctor, which will be as wide as the
3310 address - so either a 64, 32, or 16 bitter. */
3311 switch (bfd_get_arch_info (abfd)->bits_per_address)
3316 return &bfd_howto_32;
3325 return (reloc_howto_type *) NULL;
3330 bfd_get_reloc_code_name
3333 const char *bfd_get_reloc_code_name (bfd_reloc_code_real_type code);
3336 Provides a printable name for the supplied relocation code.
3337 Useful mainly for printing error messages.
3341 bfd_get_reloc_code_name (code)
3342 bfd_reloc_code_real_type code;
3344 if (code > BFD_RELOC_UNUSED)
3346 return bfd_reloc_code_real_names[(int)code];
3351 bfd_generic_relax_section
3354 boolean bfd_generic_relax_section
3357 struct bfd_link_info *,
3361 Provides default handling for relaxing for back ends which
3362 don't do relaxing -- i.e., does nothing.
3367 bfd_generic_relax_section (abfd, section, link_info, again)
3368 bfd *abfd ATTRIBUTE_UNUSED;
3369 asection *section ATTRIBUTE_UNUSED;
3370 struct bfd_link_info *link_info ATTRIBUTE_UNUSED;
3379 bfd_generic_gc_sections
3382 boolean bfd_generic_gc_sections
3383 (bfd *, struct bfd_link_info *);
3386 Provides default handling for relaxing for back ends which
3387 don't do section gc -- i.e., does nothing.
3392 bfd_generic_gc_sections (abfd, link_info)
3393 bfd *abfd ATTRIBUTE_UNUSED;
3394 struct bfd_link_info *link_info ATTRIBUTE_UNUSED;
3401 bfd_generic_merge_sections
3404 boolean bfd_generic_merge_sections
3405 (bfd *, struct bfd_link_info *);
3408 Provides default handling for SEC_MERGE section merging for back ends
3409 which don't have SEC_MERGE support -- i.e., does nothing.
3414 bfd_generic_merge_sections (abfd, link_info)
3415 bfd *abfd ATTRIBUTE_UNUSED;
3416 struct bfd_link_info *link_info ATTRIBUTE_UNUSED;
3423 bfd_generic_get_relocated_section_contents
3427 bfd_generic_get_relocated_section_contents (bfd *abfd,
3428 struct bfd_link_info *link_info,
3429 struct bfd_link_order *link_order,
3431 boolean relocateable,
3435 Provides default handling of relocation effort for back ends
3436 which can't be bothered to do it efficiently.
3441 bfd_generic_get_relocated_section_contents (abfd, link_info, link_order, data,
3442 relocateable, symbols)
3444 struct bfd_link_info *link_info;
3445 struct bfd_link_order *link_order;
3447 boolean relocateable;
3450 /* Get enough memory to hold the stuff */
3451 bfd *input_bfd = link_order->u.indirect.section->owner;
3452 asection *input_section = link_order->u.indirect.section;
3454 long reloc_size = bfd_get_reloc_upper_bound (input_bfd, input_section);
3455 arelent **reloc_vector = NULL;
3461 reloc_vector = (arelent **) bfd_malloc ((bfd_size_type) reloc_size);
3462 if (reloc_vector == NULL && reloc_size != 0)
3465 /* read in the section */
3466 if (!bfd_get_section_contents (input_bfd,
3470 input_section->_raw_size))
3473 /* We're not relaxing the section, so just copy the size info */
3474 input_section->_cooked_size = input_section->_raw_size;
3475 input_section->reloc_done = true;
3477 reloc_count = bfd_canonicalize_reloc (input_bfd,
3481 if (reloc_count < 0)
3484 if (reloc_count > 0)
3487 for (parent = reloc_vector; *parent != (arelent *) NULL;
3490 char *error_message = (char *) NULL;
3491 bfd_reloc_status_type r =
3492 bfd_perform_relocation (input_bfd,
3496 relocateable ? abfd : (bfd *) NULL,
3501 asection *os = input_section->output_section;
3503 /* A partial link, so keep the relocs */
3504 os->orelocation[os->reloc_count] = *parent;
3508 if (r != bfd_reloc_ok)
3512 case bfd_reloc_undefined:
3513 if (!((*link_info->callbacks->undefined_symbol)
3514 (link_info, bfd_asymbol_name (*(*parent)->sym_ptr_ptr),
3515 input_bfd, input_section, (*parent)->address,
3519 case bfd_reloc_dangerous:
3520 BFD_ASSERT (error_message != (char *) NULL);
3521 if (!((*link_info->callbacks->reloc_dangerous)
3522 (link_info, error_message, input_bfd, input_section,
3523 (*parent)->address)))
3526 case bfd_reloc_overflow:
3527 if (!((*link_info->callbacks->reloc_overflow)
3528 (link_info, bfd_asymbol_name (*(*parent)->sym_ptr_ptr),
3529 (*parent)->howto->name, (*parent)->addend,
3530 input_bfd, input_section, (*parent)->address)))
3533 case bfd_reloc_outofrange:
3542 if (reloc_vector != NULL)
3543 free (reloc_vector);
3547 if (reloc_vector != NULL)
3548 free (reloc_vector);