1 /* BFD support for handling relocation entries.
2 Copyright 1990, 1991, 1992, 1993, 1994, 1995, 1996, 1997, 1998, 1999,
4 Free Software Foundation, Inc.
5 Written by Cygnus Support.
7 This file is part of BFD, the Binary File Descriptor library.
9 This program is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify
10 it under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by
11 the Free Software Foundation; either version 2 of the License, or
12 (at your option) any later version.
14 This program is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,
15 but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
16 MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE. See the
17 GNU General Public License for more details.
19 You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License
20 along with this program; if not, write to the Free Software
21 Foundation, Inc., 59 Temple Place - Suite 330, Boston, MA 02111-1307, USA. */
27 BFD maintains relocations in much the same way it maintains
28 symbols: they are left alone until required, then read in
29 en-masse and translated into an internal form. A common
30 routine <<bfd_perform_relocation>> acts upon the
31 canonical form to do the fixup.
33 Relocations are maintained on a per section basis,
34 while symbols are maintained on a per BFD basis.
36 All that a back end has to do to fit the BFD interface is to create
37 a <<struct reloc_cache_entry>> for each relocation
38 in a particular section, and fill in the right bits of the structures.
47 /* DO compile in the reloc_code name table from libbfd.h. */
48 #define _BFD_MAKE_TABLE_bfd_reloc_code_real
57 typedef arelent, howto manager, Relocations, Relocations
62 This is the structure of a relocation entry:
66 .typedef enum bfd_reloc_status
68 . {* No errors detected *}
71 . {* The relocation was performed, but there was an overflow. *}
74 . {* The address to relocate was not within the section supplied. *}
75 . bfd_reloc_outofrange,
77 . {* Used by special functions *}
80 . {* Unsupported relocation size requested. *}
81 . bfd_reloc_notsupported,
86 . {* The symbol to relocate against was undefined. *}
87 . bfd_reloc_undefined,
89 . {* The relocation was performed, but may not be ok - presently
90 . generated only when linking i960 coff files with i960 b.out
91 . symbols. If this type is returned, the error_message argument
92 . to bfd_perform_relocation will be set. *}
95 . bfd_reloc_status_type;
98 .typedef struct reloc_cache_entry
100 . {* A pointer into the canonical table of pointers *}
101 . struct symbol_cache_entry **sym_ptr_ptr;
103 . {* offset in section *}
104 . bfd_size_type address;
106 . {* addend for relocation value *}
109 . {* Pointer to how to perform the required relocation *}
110 . reloc_howto_type *howto;
119 Here is a description of each of the fields within an <<arelent>>:
123 The symbol table pointer points to a pointer to the symbol
124 associated with the relocation request. It is
125 the pointer into the table returned by the back end's
126 <<get_symtab>> action. @xref{Symbols}. The symbol is referenced
127 through a pointer to a pointer so that tools like the linker
128 can fix up all the symbols of the same name by modifying only
129 one pointer. The relocation routine looks in the symbol and
130 uses the base of the section the symbol is attached to and the
131 value of the symbol as the initial relocation offset. If the
132 symbol pointer is zero, then the section provided is looked up.
136 The <<address>> field gives the offset in bytes from the base of
137 the section data which owns the relocation record to the first
138 byte of relocatable information. The actual data relocated
139 will be relative to this point; for example, a relocation
140 type which modifies the bottom two bytes of a four byte word
141 would not touch the first byte pointed to in a big endian
146 The <<addend>> is a value provided by the back end to be added (!)
147 to the relocation offset. Its interpretation is dependent upon
148 the howto. For example, on the 68k the code:
153 | return foo[0x12345678];
156 Could be compiled into:
159 | moveb @@#12345678,d0
164 This could create a reloc pointing to <<foo>>, but leave the
165 offset in the data, something like:
167 |RELOCATION RECORDS FOR [.text]:
171 |00000000 4e56 fffc ; linkw fp,#-4
172 |00000004 1039 1234 5678 ; moveb @@#12345678,d0
173 |0000000a 49c0 ; extbl d0
174 |0000000c 4e5e ; unlk fp
177 Using coff and an 88k, some instructions don't have enough
178 space in them to represent the full address range, and
179 pointers have to be loaded in two parts. So you'd get something like:
181 | or.u r13,r0,hi16(_foo+0x12345678)
182 | ld.b r2,r13,lo16(_foo+0x12345678)
185 This should create two relocs, both pointing to <<_foo>>, and with
186 0x12340000 in their addend field. The data would consist of:
188 |RELOCATION RECORDS FOR [.text]:
190 |00000002 HVRT16 _foo+0x12340000
191 |00000006 LVRT16 _foo+0x12340000
193 |00000000 5da05678 ; or.u r13,r0,0x5678
194 |00000004 1c4d5678 ; ld.b r2,r13,0x5678
195 |00000008 f400c001 ; jmp r1
197 The relocation routine digs out the value from the data, adds
198 it to the addend to get the original offset, and then adds the
199 value of <<_foo>>. Note that all 32 bits have to be kept around
200 somewhere, to cope with carry from bit 15 to bit 16.
202 One further example is the sparc and the a.out format. The
203 sparc has a similar problem to the 88k, in that some
204 instructions don't have room for an entire offset, but on the
205 sparc the parts are created in odd sized lumps. The designers of
206 the a.out format chose to not use the data within the section
207 for storing part of the offset; all the offset is kept within
208 the reloc. Anything in the data should be ignored.
211 | sethi %hi(_foo+0x12345678),%g2
212 | ldsb [%g2+%lo(_foo+0x12345678)],%i0
216 Both relocs contain a pointer to <<foo>>, and the offsets
219 |RELOCATION RECORDS FOR [.text]:
221 |00000004 HI22 _foo+0x12345678
222 |00000008 LO10 _foo+0x12345678
224 |00000000 9de3bf90 ; save %sp,-112,%sp
225 |00000004 05000000 ; sethi %hi(_foo+0),%g2
226 |00000008 f048a000 ; ldsb [%g2+%lo(_foo+0)],%i0
227 |0000000c 81c7e008 ; ret
228 |00000010 81e80000 ; restore
232 The <<howto>> field can be imagined as a
233 relocation instruction. It is a pointer to a structure which
234 contains information on what to do with all of the other
235 information in the reloc record and data section. A back end
236 would normally have a relocation instruction set and turn
237 relocations into pointers to the correct structure on input -
238 but it would be possible to create each howto field on demand.
244 <<enum complain_overflow>>
246 Indicates what sort of overflow checking should be done when
247 performing a relocation.
251 .enum complain_overflow
253 . {* Do not complain on overflow. *}
254 . complain_overflow_dont,
256 . {* Complain if the bitfield overflows, whether it is considered
257 . as signed or unsigned. *}
258 . complain_overflow_bitfield,
260 . {* Complain if the value overflows when considered as signed
262 . complain_overflow_signed,
264 . {* Complain if the value overflows when considered as an
265 . unsigned number. *}
266 . complain_overflow_unsigned
275 The <<reloc_howto_type>> is a structure which contains all the
276 information that libbfd needs to know to tie up a back end's data.
279 .struct symbol_cache_entry; {* Forward declaration *}
281 .struct reloc_howto_struct
283 . {* The type field has mainly a documentary use - the back end can
284 . do what it wants with it, though normally the back end's
285 . external idea of what a reloc number is stored
286 . in this field. For example, a PC relative word relocation
287 . in a coff environment has the type 023 - because that's
288 . what the outside world calls a R_PCRWORD reloc. *}
291 . {* The value the final relocation is shifted right by. This drops
292 . unwanted data from the relocation. *}
293 . unsigned int rightshift;
295 . {* The size of the item to be relocated. This is *not* a
296 . power-of-two measure. To get the number of bytes operated
297 . on by a type of relocation, use bfd_get_reloc_size. *}
300 . {* The number of bits in the item to be relocated. This is used
301 . when doing overflow checking. *}
302 . unsigned int bitsize;
304 . {* Notes that the relocation is relative to the location in the
305 . data section of the addend. The relocation function will
306 . subtract from the relocation value the address of the location
307 . being relocated. *}
308 . boolean pc_relative;
310 . {* The bit position of the reloc value in the destination.
311 . The relocated value is left shifted by this amount. *}
312 . unsigned int bitpos;
314 . {* What type of overflow error should be checked for when
316 . enum complain_overflow complain_on_overflow;
318 . {* If this field is non null, then the supplied function is
319 . called rather than the normal function. This allows really
320 . strange relocation methods to be accomodated (e.g., i960 callj
322 . bfd_reloc_status_type (*special_function)
323 . PARAMS ((bfd *abfd,
324 . arelent *reloc_entry,
325 . struct symbol_cache_entry *symbol,
327 . asection *input_section,
329 . char **error_message));
331 . {* The textual name of the relocation type. *}
334 . {* Some formats record a relocation addend in the section contents
335 . rather than with the relocation. For ELF formats this is the
336 . distinction between USE_REL and USE_RELA (though the code checks
337 . for USE_REL == 1/0). The value of this field is TRUE if the
338 . addend is recorded with the section contents; when performing a
339 . partial link (ld -r) the section contents (the data) will be
340 . modified. The value of this field is FALSE if addends are
341 . recorded with the relocation (in arelent.addend); when performing
342 . a partial link the relocation will be modified.
343 . All relocations for all ELF USE_RELA targets should set this field
344 . to FALSE (values of TRUE should be looked on with suspicion).
345 . However, the converse is not true: not all relocations of all ELF
346 . USE_REL targets set this field to TRUE. Why this is so is peculiar
347 . to each particular target. For relocs that aren't used in partial
348 . links (e.g. GOT stuff) it doesn't matter what this is set to. *}
349 . boolean partial_inplace;
351 . {* The src_mask selects which parts of the read in data
352 . are to be used in the relocation sum. E.g., if this was an 8 bit
353 . byte of data which we read and relocated, this would be
354 . 0x000000ff. When we have relocs which have an addend, such as
355 . sun4 extended relocs, the value in the offset part of a
356 . relocating field is garbage so we never use it. In this case
357 . the mask would be 0x00000000. *}
360 . {* The dst_mask selects which parts of the instruction are replaced
361 . into the instruction. In most cases src_mask == dst_mask,
362 . except in the above special case, where dst_mask would be
363 . 0x000000ff, and src_mask would be 0x00000000. *}
366 . {* When some formats create PC relative instructions, they leave
367 . the value of the pc of the place being relocated in the offset
368 . slot of the instruction, so that a PC relative relocation can
369 . be made just by adding in an ordinary offset (e.g., sun3 a.out).
370 . Some formats leave the displacement part of an instruction
371 . empty (e.g., m88k bcs); this flag signals the fact.*}
372 . boolean pcrel_offset;
383 The HOWTO define is horrible and will go away.
385 .#define HOWTO(C, R,S,B, P, BI, O, SF, NAME, INPLACE, MASKSRC, MASKDST, PC) \
386 . {(unsigned)C,R,S,B, P, BI, O,SF,NAME,INPLACE,MASKSRC,MASKDST,PC}
389 And will be replaced with the totally magic way. But for the
390 moment, we are compatible, so do it this way.
392 .#define NEWHOWTO( FUNCTION, NAME,SIZE,REL,IN) HOWTO(0,0,SIZE,0,REL,0,complain_overflow_dont,FUNCTION, NAME,false,0,0,IN)
396 This is used to fill in an empty howto entry in an array.
398 .#define EMPTY_HOWTO(C) \
399 . HOWTO((C),0,0,0,false,0,complain_overflow_dont,NULL,NULL,false,0,0,false)
403 Helper routine to turn a symbol into a relocation value.
405 .#define HOWTO_PREPARE(relocation, symbol) \
407 . if (symbol != (asymbol *)NULL) { \
408 . if (bfd_is_com_section (symbol->section)) { \
412 . relocation = symbol->value; \
424 unsigned int bfd_get_reloc_size (reloc_howto_type *);
427 For a reloc_howto_type that operates on a fixed number of bytes,
428 this returns the number of bytes operated on.
432 bfd_get_reloc_size (howto)
433 reloc_howto_type *howto;
454 How relocs are tied together in an <<asection>>:
456 .typedef struct relent_chain {
458 . struct relent_chain *next;
463 /* N_ONES produces N one bits, without overflowing machine arithmetic. */
464 #define N_ONES(n) (((((bfd_vma) 1 << ((n) - 1)) - 1) << 1) | 1)
471 bfd_reloc_status_type
473 (enum complain_overflow how,
474 unsigned int bitsize,
475 unsigned int rightshift,
476 unsigned int addrsize,
480 Perform overflow checking on @var{relocation} which has
481 @var{bitsize} significant bits and will be shifted right by
482 @var{rightshift} bits, on a machine with addresses containing
483 @var{addrsize} significant bits. The result is either of
484 @code{bfd_reloc_ok} or @code{bfd_reloc_overflow}.
488 bfd_reloc_status_type
489 bfd_check_overflow (how, bitsize, rightshift, addrsize, relocation)
490 enum complain_overflow how;
491 unsigned int bitsize;
492 unsigned int rightshift;
493 unsigned int addrsize;
496 bfd_vma fieldmask, addrmask, signmask, ss, a;
497 bfd_reloc_status_type flag = bfd_reloc_ok;
501 /* Note: BITSIZE should always be <= ADDRSIZE, but in case it's not,
502 we'll be permissive: extra bits in the field mask will
503 automatically extend the address mask for purposes of the
505 fieldmask = N_ONES (bitsize);
506 addrmask = N_ONES (addrsize) | fieldmask;
510 case complain_overflow_dont:
513 case complain_overflow_signed:
514 /* If any sign bits are set, all sign bits must be set. That
515 is, A must be a valid negative address after shifting. */
516 a = (a & addrmask) >> rightshift;
517 signmask = ~ (fieldmask >> 1);
519 if (ss != 0 && ss != ((addrmask >> rightshift) & signmask))
520 flag = bfd_reloc_overflow;
523 case complain_overflow_unsigned:
524 /* We have an overflow if the address does not fit in the field. */
525 a = (a & addrmask) >> rightshift;
526 if ((a & ~ fieldmask) != 0)
527 flag = bfd_reloc_overflow;
530 case complain_overflow_bitfield:
531 /* Bitfields are sometimes signed, sometimes unsigned. We
532 explicitly allow an address wrap too, which means a bitfield
533 of n bits is allowed to store -2**n to 2**n-1. Thus overflow
534 if the value has some, but not all, bits set outside the
537 ss = a & ~ fieldmask;
538 if (ss != 0 && ss != (((bfd_vma) -1 >> rightshift) & ~ fieldmask))
539 flag = bfd_reloc_overflow;
551 bfd_perform_relocation
554 bfd_reloc_status_type
555 bfd_perform_relocation
557 arelent *reloc_entry,
559 asection *input_section,
561 char **error_message);
564 If @var{output_bfd} is supplied to this function, the
565 generated image will be relocatable; the relocations are
566 copied to the output file after they have been changed to
567 reflect the new state of the world. There are two ways of
568 reflecting the results of partial linkage in an output file:
569 by modifying the output data in place, and by modifying the
570 relocation record. Some native formats (e.g., basic a.out and
571 basic coff) have no way of specifying an addend in the
572 relocation type, so the addend has to go in the output data.
573 This is no big deal since in these formats the output data
574 slot will always be big enough for the addend. Complex reloc
575 types with addends were invented to solve just this problem.
576 The @var{error_message} argument is set to an error message if
577 this return @code{bfd_reloc_dangerous}.
581 bfd_reloc_status_type
582 bfd_perform_relocation (abfd, reloc_entry, data, input_section, output_bfd,
585 arelent *reloc_entry;
587 asection *input_section;
589 char **error_message;
592 bfd_reloc_status_type flag = bfd_reloc_ok;
593 bfd_size_type octets = reloc_entry->address * bfd_octets_per_byte (abfd);
594 bfd_vma output_base = 0;
595 reloc_howto_type *howto = reloc_entry->howto;
596 asection *reloc_target_output_section;
599 symbol = *(reloc_entry->sym_ptr_ptr);
600 if (bfd_is_abs_section (symbol->section)
601 && output_bfd != (bfd *) NULL)
603 reloc_entry->address += input_section->output_offset;
607 /* If we are not producing relocateable output, return an error if
608 the symbol is not defined. An undefined weak symbol is
609 considered to have a value of zero (SVR4 ABI, p. 4-27). */
610 if (bfd_is_und_section (symbol->section)
611 && (symbol->flags & BSF_WEAK) == 0
612 && output_bfd == (bfd *) NULL)
613 flag = bfd_reloc_undefined;
615 /* If there is a function supplied to handle this relocation type,
616 call it. It'll return `bfd_reloc_continue' if further processing
618 if (howto->special_function)
620 bfd_reloc_status_type cont;
621 cont = howto->special_function (abfd, reloc_entry, symbol, data,
622 input_section, output_bfd,
624 if (cont != bfd_reloc_continue)
628 /* Is the address of the relocation really within the section? */
629 if (reloc_entry->address > input_section->_cooked_size /
630 bfd_octets_per_byte (abfd))
631 return bfd_reloc_outofrange;
633 /* Work out which section the relocation is targetted at and the
634 initial relocation command value. */
636 /* Get symbol value. (Common symbols are special.) */
637 if (bfd_is_com_section (symbol->section))
640 relocation = symbol->value;
642 reloc_target_output_section = symbol->section->output_section;
644 /* Convert input-section-relative symbol value to absolute. */
645 if (output_bfd && howto->partial_inplace == false)
648 output_base = reloc_target_output_section->vma;
650 relocation += output_base + symbol->section->output_offset;
652 /* Add in supplied addend. */
653 relocation += reloc_entry->addend;
655 /* Here the variable relocation holds the final address of the
656 symbol we are relocating against, plus any addend. */
658 if (howto->pc_relative == true)
660 /* This is a PC relative relocation. We want to set RELOCATION
661 to the distance between the address of the symbol and the
662 location. RELOCATION is already the address of the symbol.
664 We start by subtracting the address of the section containing
667 If pcrel_offset is set, we must further subtract the position
668 of the location within the section. Some targets arrange for
669 the addend to be the negative of the position of the location
670 within the section; for example, i386-aout does this. For
671 i386-aout, pcrel_offset is false. Some other targets do not
672 include the position of the location; for example, m88kbcs,
673 or ELF. For those targets, pcrel_offset is true.
675 If we are producing relocateable output, then we must ensure
676 that this reloc will be correctly computed when the final
677 relocation is done. If pcrel_offset is false we want to wind
678 up with the negative of the location within the section,
679 which means we must adjust the existing addend by the change
680 in the location within the section. If pcrel_offset is true
681 we do not want to adjust the existing addend at all.
683 FIXME: This seems logical to me, but for the case of
684 producing relocateable output it is not what the code
685 actually does. I don't want to change it, because it seems
686 far too likely that something will break. */
689 input_section->output_section->vma + input_section->output_offset;
691 if (howto->pcrel_offset == true)
692 relocation -= reloc_entry->address;
695 if (output_bfd != (bfd *) NULL)
697 if (howto->partial_inplace == false)
699 /* This is a partial relocation, and we want to apply the relocation
700 to the reloc entry rather than the raw data. Modify the reloc
701 inplace to reflect what we now know. */
702 reloc_entry->addend = relocation;
703 reloc_entry->address += input_section->output_offset;
708 /* This is a partial relocation, but inplace, so modify the
711 If we've relocated with a symbol with a section, change
712 into a ref to the section belonging to the symbol. */
714 reloc_entry->address += input_section->output_offset;
717 if (abfd->xvec->flavour == bfd_target_coff_flavour
718 && strcmp (abfd->xvec->name, "coff-Intel-little") != 0
719 && strcmp (abfd->xvec->name, "coff-Intel-big") != 0)
722 /* For m68k-coff, the addend was being subtracted twice during
723 relocation with -r. Removing the line below this comment
724 fixes that problem; see PR 2953.
726 However, Ian wrote the following, regarding removing the line below,
727 which explains why it is still enabled: --djm
729 If you put a patch like that into BFD you need to check all the COFF
730 linkers. I am fairly certain that patch will break coff-i386 (e.g.,
731 SCO); see coff_i386_reloc in coff-i386.c where I worked around the
732 problem in a different way. There may very well be a reason that the
733 code works as it does.
735 Hmmm. The first obvious point is that bfd_perform_relocation should
736 not have any tests that depend upon the flavour. It's seem like
737 entirely the wrong place for such a thing. The second obvious point
738 is that the current code ignores the reloc addend when producing
739 relocateable output for COFF. That's peculiar. In fact, I really
740 have no idea what the point of the line you want to remove is.
742 A typical COFF reloc subtracts the old value of the symbol and adds in
743 the new value to the location in the object file (if it's a pc
744 relative reloc it adds the difference between the symbol value and the
745 location). When relocating we need to preserve that property.
747 BFD handles this by setting the addend to the negative of the old
748 value of the symbol. Unfortunately it handles common symbols in a
749 non-standard way (it doesn't subtract the old value) but that's a
750 different story (we can't change it without losing backward
751 compatibility with old object files) (coff-i386 does subtract the old
752 value, to be compatible with existing coff-i386 targets, like SCO).
754 So everything works fine when not producing relocateable output. When
755 we are producing relocateable output, logically we should do exactly
756 what we do when not producing relocateable output. Therefore, your
757 patch is correct. In fact, it should probably always just set
758 reloc_entry->addend to 0 for all cases, since it is, in fact, going to
759 add the value into the object file. This won't hurt the COFF code,
760 which doesn't use the addend; I'm not sure what it will do to other
761 formats (the thing to check for would be whether any formats both use
762 the addend and set partial_inplace).
764 When I wanted to make coff-i386 produce relocateable output, I ran
765 into the problem that you are running into: I wanted to remove that
766 line. Rather than risk it, I made the coff-i386 relocs use a special
767 function; it's coff_i386_reloc in coff-i386.c. The function
768 specifically adds the addend field into the object file, knowing that
769 bfd_perform_relocation is not going to. If you remove that line, then
770 coff-i386.c will wind up adding the addend field in twice. It's
771 trivial to fix; it just needs to be done.
773 The problem with removing the line is just that it may break some
774 working code. With BFD it's hard to be sure of anything. The right
775 way to deal with this is simply to build and test at least all the
776 supported COFF targets. It should be straightforward if time and disk
777 space consuming. For each target:
779 2) generate some executable, and link it using -r (I would
780 probably use paranoia.o and link against newlib/libc.a, which
781 for all the supported targets would be available in
782 /usr/cygnus/progressive/H-host/target/lib/libc.a).
783 3) make the change to reloc.c
784 4) rebuild the linker
786 6) if the resulting object files are the same, you have at least
788 7) if they are different you have to figure out which version is
791 relocation -= reloc_entry->addend;
793 reloc_entry->addend = 0;
797 reloc_entry->addend = relocation;
803 reloc_entry->addend = 0;
806 /* FIXME: This overflow checking is incomplete, because the value
807 might have overflowed before we get here. For a correct check we
808 need to compute the value in a size larger than bitsize, but we
809 can't reasonably do that for a reloc the same size as a host
811 FIXME: We should also do overflow checking on the result after
812 adding in the value contained in the object file. */
813 if (howto->complain_on_overflow != complain_overflow_dont
814 && flag == bfd_reloc_ok)
815 flag = bfd_check_overflow (howto->complain_on_overflow,
818 bfd_arch_bits_per_address (abfd),
822 Either we are relocating all the way, or we don't want to apply
823 the relocation to the reloc entry (probably because there isn't
824 any room in the output format to describe addends to relocs)
827 /* The cast to bfd_vma avoids a bug in the Alpha OSF/1 C compiler
828 (OSF version 1.3, compiler version 3.11). It miscompiles the
842 x <<= (unsigned long) s.i0;
846 printf ("succeeded (%lx)\n", x);
850 relocation >>= (bfd_vma) howto->rightshift;
852 /* Shift everything up to where it's going to be used */
854 relocation <<= (bfd_vma) howto->bitpos;
856 /* Wait for the day when all have the mask in them */
859 i instruction to be left alone
860 o offset within instruction
861 r relocation offset to apply
870 (( i i i i i o o o o o from bfd_get<size>
871 and S S S S S) to get the size offset we want
872 + r r r r r r r r r r) to get the final value to place
873 and D D D D D to chop to right size
874 -----------------------
877 ( i i i i i o o o o o from bfd_get<size>
878 and N N N N N ) get instruction
879 -----------------------
885 -----------------------
886 = R R R R R R R R R R put into bfd_put<size>
890 x = ( (x & ~howto->dst_mask) | (((x & howto->src_mask) + relocation) & howto->dst_mask))
896 char x = bfd_get_8 (abfd, (char *) data + octets);
898 bfd_put_8 (abfd, x, (unsigned char *) data + octets);
904 short x = bfd_get_16 (abfd, (bfd_byte *) data + octets);
906 bfd_put_16 (abfd, x, (unsigned char *) data + octets);
911 long x = bfd_get_32 (abfd, (bfd_byte *) data + octets);
913 bfd_put_32 (abfd, x, (bfd_byte *) data + octets);
918 long x = bfd_get_32 (abfd, (bfd_byte *) data + octets);
919 relocation = -relocation;
921 bfd_put_32 (abfd, x, (bfd_byte *) data + octets);
927 long x = bfd_get_16 (abfd, (bfd_byte *) data + octets);
928 relocation = -relocation;
930 bfd_put_16 (abfd, x, (bfd_byte *) data + octets);
941 bfd_vma x = bfd_get_64 (abfd, (bfd_byte *) data + octets);
943 bfd_put_64 (abfd, x, (bfd_byte *) data + octets);
950 return bfd_reloc_other;
958 bfd_install_relocation
961 bfd_reloc_status_type
962 bfd_install_relocation
964 arelent *reloc_entry,
965 PTR data, bfd_vma data_start,
966 asection *input_section,
967 char **error_message);
970 This looks remarkably like <<bfd_perform_relocation>>, except it
971 does not expect that the section contents have been filled in.
972 I.e., it's suitable for use when creating, rather than applying
975 For now, this function should be considered reserved for the
980 bfd_reloc_status_type
981 bfd_install_relocation (abfd, reloc_entry, data_start, data_start_offset,
982 input_section, error_message)
984 arelent *reloc_entry;
986 bfd_vma data_start_offset;
987 asection *input_section;
988 char **error_message;
991 bfd_reloc_status_type flag = bfd_reloc_ok;
992 bfd_size_type octets = reloc_entry->address * bfd_octets_per_byte (abfd);
993 bfd_vma output_base = 0;
994 reloc_howto_type *howto = reloc_entry->howto;
995 asection *reloc_target_output_section;
999 symbol = *(reloc_entry->sym_ptr_ptr);
1000 if (bfd_is_abs_section (symbol->section))
1002 reloc_entry->address += input_section->output_offset;
1003 return bfd_reloc_ok;
1006 /* If there is a function supplied to handle this relocation type,
1007 call it. It'll return `bfd_reloc_continue' if further processing
1009 if (howto->special_function)
1011 bfd_reloc_status_type cont;
1013 /* XXX - The special_function calls haven't been fixed up to deal
1014 with creating new relocations and section contents. */
1015 cont = howto->special_function (abfd, reloc_entry, symbol,
1016 /* XXX - Non-portable! */
1017 ((bfd_byte *) data_start
1018 - data_start_offset),
1019 input_section, abfd, error_message);
1020 if (cont != bfd_reloc_continue)
1024 /* Is the address of the relocation really within the section? */
1025 if (reloc_entry->address > input_section->_cooked_size)
1026 return bfd_reloc_outofrange;
1028 /* Work out which section the relocation is targetted at and the
1029 initial relocation command value. */
1031 /* Get symbol value. (Common symbols are special.) */
1032 if (bfd_is_com_section (symbol->section))
1035 relocation = symbol->value;
1037 reloc_target_output_section = symbol->section->output_section;
1039 /* Convert input-section-relative symbol value to absolute. */
1040 if (howto->partial_inplace == false)
1043 output_base = reloc_target_output_section->vma;
1045 relocation += output_base + symbol->section->output_offset;
1047 /* Add in supplied addend. */
1048 relocation += reloc_entry->addend;
1050 /* Here the variable relocation holds the final address of the
1051 symbol we are relocating against, plus any addend. */
1053 if (howto->pc_relative == true)
1055 /* This is a PC relative relocation. We want to set RELOCATION
1056 to the distance between the address of the symbol and the
1057 location. RELOCATION is already the address of the symbol.
1059 We start by subtracting the address of the section containing
1062 If pcrel_offset is set, we must further subtract the position
1063 of the location within the section. Some targets arrange for
1064 the addend to be the negative of the position of the location
1065 within the section; for example, i386-aout does this. For
1066 i386-aout, pcrel_offset is false. Some other targets do not
1067 include the position of the location; for example, m88kbcs,
1068 or ELF. For those targets, pcrel_offset is true.
1070 If we are producing relocateable output, then we must ensure
1071 that this reloc will be correctly computed when the final
1072 relocation is done. If pcrel_offset is false we want to wind
1073 up with the negative of the location within the section,
1074 which means we must adjust the existing addend by the change
1075 in the location within the section. If pcrel_offset is true
1076 we do not want to adjust the existing addend at all.
1078 FIXME: This seems logical to me, but for the case of
1079 producing relocateable output it is not what the code
1080 actually does. I don't want to change it, because it seems
1081 far too likely that something will break. */
1084 input_section->output_section->vma + input_section->output_offset;
1086 if (howto->pcrel_offset == true && howto->partial_inplace == true)
1087 relocation -= reloc_entry->address;
1090 if (howto->partial_inplace == false)
1092 /* This is a partial relocation, and we want to apply the relocation
1093 to the reloc entry rather than the raw data. Modify the reloc
1094 inplace to reflect what we now know. */
1095 reloc_entry->addend = relocation;
1096 reloc_entry->address += input_section->output_offset;
1101 /* This is a partial relocation, but inplace, so modify the
1104 If we've relocated with a symbol with a section, change
1105 into a ref to the section belonging to the symbol. */
1107 reloc_entry->address += input_section->output_offset;
1110 if (abfd->xvec->flavour == bfd_target_coff_flavour
1111 && strcmp (abfd->xvec->name, "coff-Intel-little") != 0
1112 && strcmp (abfd->xvec->name, "coff-Intel-big") != 0)
1115 /* For m68k-coff, the addend was being subtracted twice during
1116 relocation with -r. Removing the line below this comment
1117 fixes that problem; see PR 2953.
1119 However, Ian wrote the following, regarding removing the line below,
1120 which explains why it is still enabled: --djm
1122 If you put a patch like that into BFD you need to check all the COFF
1123 linkers. I am fairly certain that patch will break coff-i386 (e.g.,
1124 SCO); see coff_i386_reloc in coff-i386.c where I worked around the
1125 problem in a different way. There may very well be a reason that the
1126 code works as it does.
1128 Hmmm. The first obvious point is that bfd_install_relocation should
1129 not have any tests that depend upon the flavour. It's seem like
1130 entirely the wrong place for such a thing. The second obvious point
1131 is that the current code ignores the reloc addend when producing
1132 relocateable output for COFF. That's peculiar. In fact, I really
1133 have no idea what the point of the line you want to remove is.
1135 A typical COFF reloc subtracts the old value of the symbol and adds in
1136 the new value to the location in the object file (if it's a pc
1137 relative reloc it adds the difference between the symbol value and the
1138 location). When relocating we need to preserve that property.
1140 BFD handles this by setting the addend to the negative of the old
1141 value of the symbol. Unfortunately it handles common symbols in a
1142 non-standard way (it doesn't subtract the old value) but that's a
1143 different story (we can't change it without losing backward
1144 compatibility with old object files) (coff-i386 does subtract the old
1145 value, to be compatible with existing coff-i386 targets, like SCO).
1147 So everything works fine when not producing relocateable output. When
1148 we are producing relocateable output, logically we should do exactly
1149 what we do when not producing relocateable output. Therefore, your
1150 patch is correct. In fact, it should probably always just set
1151 reloc_entry->addend to 0 for all cases, since it is, in fact, going to
1152 add the value into the object file. This won't hurt the COFF code,
1153 which doesn't use the addend; I'm not sure what it will do to other
1154 formats (the thing to check for would be whether any formats both use
1155 the addend and set partial_inplace).
1157 When I wanted to make coff-i386 produce relocateable output, I ran
1158 into the problem that you are running into: I wanted to remove that
1159 line. Rather than risk it, I made the coff-i386 relocs use a special
1160 function; it's coff_i386_reloc in coff-i386.c. The function
1161 specifically adds the addend field into the object file, knowing that
1162 bfd_install_relocation is not going to. If you remove that line, then
1163 coff-i386.c will wind up adding the addend field in twice. It's
1164 trivial to fix; it just needs to be done.
1166 The problem with removing the line is just that it may break some
1167 working code. With BFD it's hard to be sure of anything. The right
1168 way to deal with this is simply to build and test at least all the
1169 supported COFF targets. It should be straightforward if time and disk
1170 space consuming. For each target:
1172 2) generate some executable, and link it using -r (I would
1173 probably use paranoia.o and link against newlib/libc.a, which
1174 for all the supported targets would be available in
1175 /usr/cygnus/progressive/H-host/target/lib/libc.a).
1176 3) make the change to reloc.c
1177 4) rebuild the linker
1179 6) if the resulting object files are the same, you have at least
1181 7) if they are different you have to figure out which version is
1184 relocation -= reloc_entry->addend;
1186 reloc_entry->addend = 0;
1190 reloc_entry->addend = relocation;
1194 /* FIXME: This overflow checking is incomplete, because the value
1195 might have overflowed before we get here. For a correct check we
1196 need to compute the value in a size larger than bitsize, but we
1197 can't reasonably do that for a reloc the same size as a host
1199 FIXME: We should also do overflow checking on the result after
1200 adding in the value contained in the object file. */
1201 if (howto->complain_on_overflow != complain_overflow_dont)
1202 flag = bfd_check_overflow (howto->complain_on_overflow,
1205 bfd_arch_bits_per_address (abfd),
1209 Either we are relocating all the way, or we don't want to apply
1210 the relocation to the reloc entry (probably because there isn't
1211 any room in the output format to describe addends to relocs)
1214 /* The cast to bfd_vma avoids a bug in the Alpha OSF/1 C compiler
1215 (OSF version 1.3, compiler version 3.11). It miscompiles the
1229 x <<= (unsigned long) s.i0;
1231 printf ("failed\n");
1233 printf ("succeeded (%lx)\n", x);
1237 relocation >>= (bfd_vma) howto->rightshift;
1239 /* Shift everything up to where it's going to be used */
1241 relocation <<= (bfd_vma) howto->bitpos;
1243 /* Wait for the day when all have the mask in them */
1246 i instruction to be left alone
1247 o offset within instruction
1248 r relocation offset to apply
1257 (( i i i i i o o o o o from bfd_get<size>
1258 and S S S S S) to get the size offset we want
1259 + r r r r r r r r r r) to get the final value to place
1260 and D D D D D to chop to right size
1261 -----------------------
1264 ( i i i i i o o o o o from bfd_get<size>
1265 and N N N N N ) get instruction
1266 -----------------------
1272 -----------------------
1273 = R R R R R R R R R R put into bfd_put<size>
1277 x = ( (x & ~howto->dst_mask) | (((x & howto->src_mask) + relocation) & howto->dst_mask))
1279 data = (bfd_byte *) data_start + (octets - data_start_offset);
1281 switch (howto->size)
1285 char x = bfd_get_8 (abfd, (char *) data);
1287 bfd_put_8 (abfd, x, (unsigned char *) data);
1293 short x = bfd_get_16 (abfd, (bfd_byte *) data);
1295 bfd_put_16 (abfd, x, (unsigned char *) data);
1300 long x = bfd_get_32 (abfd, (bfd_byte *) data);
1302 bfd_put_32 (abfd, x, (bfd_byte *) data);
1307 long x = bfd_get_32 (abfd, (bfd_byte *) data);
1308 relocation = -relocation;
1310 bfd_put_32 (abfd, x, (bfd_byte *) data);
1320 bfd_vma x = bfd_get_64 (abfd, (bfd_byte *) data);
1322 bfd_put_64 (abfd, x, (bfd_byte *) data);
1326 return bfd_reloc_other;
1332 /* This relocation routine is used by some of the backend linkers.
1333 They do not construct asymbol or arelent structures, so there is no
1334 reason for them to use bfd_perform_relocation. Also,
1335 bfd_perform_relocation is so hacked up it is easier to write a new
1336 function than to try to deal with it.
1338 This routine does a final relocation. Whether it is useful for a
1339 relocateable link depends upon how the object format defines
1342 FIXME: This routine ignores any special_function in the HOWTO,
1343 since the existing special_function values have been written for
1344 bfd_perform_relocation.
1346 HOWTO is the reloc howto information.
1347 INPUT_BFD is the BFD which the reloc applies to.
1348 INPUT_SECTION is the section which the reloc applies to.
1349 CONTENTS is the contents of the section.
1350 ADDRESS is the address of the reloc within INPUT_SECTION.
1351 VALUE is the value of the symbol the reloc refers to.
1352 ADDEND is the addend of the reloc. */
1354 bfd_reloc_status_type
1355 _bfd_final_link_relocate (howto, input_bfd, input_section, contents, address,
1357 reloc_howto_type *howto;
1359 asection *input_section;
1367 /* Sanity check the address. */
1368 if (address > input_section->_raw_size)
1369 return bfd_reloc_outofrange;
1371 /* This function assumes that we are dealing with a basic relocation
1372 against a symbol. We want to compute the value of the symbol to
1373 relocate to. This is just VALUE, the value of the symbol, plus
1374 ADDEND, any addend associated with the reloc. */
1375 relocation = value + addend;
1377 /* If the relocation is PC relative, we want to set RELOCATION to
1378 the distance between the symbol (currently in RELOCATION) and the
1379 location we are relocating. Some targets (e.g., i386-aout)
1380 arrange for the contents of the section to be the negative of the
1381 offset of the location within the section; for such targets
1382 pcrel_offset is false. Other targets (e.g., m88kbcs or ELF)
1383 simply leave the contents of the section as zero; for such
1384 targets pcrel_offset is true. If pcrel_offset is false we do not
1385 need to subtract out the offset of the location within the
1386 section (which is just ADDRESS). */
1387 if (howto->pc_relative)
1389 relocation -= (input_section->output_section->vma
1390 + input_section->output_offset);
1391 if (howto->pcrel_offset)
1392 relocation -= address;
1395 return _bfd_relocate_contents (howto, input_bfd, relocation,
1396 contents + address);
1399 /* Relocate a given location using a given value and howto. */
1401 bfd_reloc_status_type
1402 _bfd_relocate_contents (howto, input_bfd, relocation, location)
1403 reloc_howto_type *howto;
1410 bfd_reloc_status_type flag;
1411 unsigned int rightshift = howto->rightshift;
1412 unsigned int bitpos = howto->bitpos;
1414 /* If the size is negative, negate RELOCATION. This isn't very
1416 if (howto->size < 0)
1417 relocation = -relocation;
1419 /* Get the value we are going to relocate. */
1420 size = bfd_get_reloc_size (howto);
1427 x = bfd_get_8 (input_bfd, location);
1430 x = bfd_get_16 (input_bfd, location);
1433 x = bfd_get_32 (input_bfd, location);
1437 x = bfd_get_64 (input_bfd, location);
1444 /* Check for overflow. FIXME: We may drop bits during the addition
1445 which we don't check for. We must either check at every single
1446 operation, which would be tedious, or we must do the computations
1447 in a type larger than bfd_vma, which would be inefficient. */
1448 flag = bfd_reloc_ok;
1449 if (howto->complain_on_overflow != complain_overflow_dont)
1451 bfd_vma addrmask, fieldmask, signmask, ss;
1454 /* Get the values to be added together. For signed and unsigned
1455 relocations, we assume that all values should be truncated to
1456 the size of an address. For bitfields, all the bits matter.
1457 See also bfd_check_overflow. */
1458 fieldmask = N_ONES (howto->bitsize);
1459 addrmask = N_ONES (bfd_arch_bits_per_address (input_bfd)) | fieldmask;
1461 b = x & howto->src_mask;
1463 switch (howto->complain_on_overflow)
1465 case complain_overflow_signed:
1466 a = (a & addrmask) >> rightshift;
1468 /* If any sign bits are set, all sign bits must be set.
1469 That is, A must be a valid negative address after
1471 signmask = ~ (fieldmask >> 1);
1473 if (ss != 0 && ss != ((addrmask >> rightshift) & signmask))
1474 flag = bfd_reloc_overflow;
1476 /* We only need this next bit of code if the sign bit of B
1477 is below the sign bit of A. This would only happen if
1478 SRC_MASK had fewer bits than BITSIZE. Note that if
1479 SRC_MASK has more bits than BITSIZE, we can get into
1480 trouble; we would need to verify that B is in range, as
1481 we do for A above. */
1482 signmask = ((~ howto->src_mask) >> 1) & howto->src_mask;
1484 /* Set all the bits above the sign bit. */
1485 b = (b ^ signmask) - signmask;
1487 b = (b & addrmask) >> bitpos;
1489 /* Now we can do the addition. */
1492 /* See if the result has the correct sign. Bits above the
1493 sign bit are junk now; ignore them. If the sum is
1494 positive, make sure we did not have all negative inputs;
1495 if the sum is negative, make sure we did not have all
1496 positive inputs. The test below looks only at the sign
1497 bits, and it really just
1498 SIGN (A) == SIGN (B) && SIGN (A) != SIGN (SUM)
1500 signmask = (fieldmask >> 1) + 1;
1501 if (((~ (a ^ b)) & (a ^ sum)) & signmask)
1502 flag = bfd_reloc_overflow;
1506 case complain_overflow_unsigned:
1507 /* Checking for an unsigned overflow is relatively easy:
1508 trim the addresses and add, and trim the result as well.
1509 Overflow is normally indicated when the result does not
1510 fit in the field. However, we also need to consider the
1511 case when, e.g., fieldmask is 0x7fffffff or smaller, an
1512 input is 0x80000000, and bfd_vma is only 32 bits; then we
1513 will get sum == 0, but there is an overflow, since the
1514 inputs did not fit in the field. Instead of doing a
1515 separate test, we can check for this by or-ing in the
1516 operands when testing for the sum overflowing its final
1518 a = (a & addrmask) >> rightshift;
1519 b = (b & addrmask) >> bitpos;
1520 sum = (a + b) & addrmask;
1521 if ((a | b | sum) & ~ fieldmask)
1522 flag = bfd_reloc_overflow;
1526 case complain_overflow_bitfield:
1527 /* Much like the signed check, but for a field one bit
1528 wider, and no trimming inputs with addrmask. We allow a
1529 bitfield to represent numbers in the range -2**n to
1530 2**n-1, where n is the number of bits in the field.
1531 Note that when bfd_vma is 32 bits, a 32-bit reloc can't
1532 overflow, which is exactly what we want. */
1535 signmask = ~ fieldmask;
1537 if (ss != 0 && ss != (((bfd_vma) -1 >> rightshift) & signmask))
1538 flag = bfd_reloc_overflow;
1540 signmask = ((~ howto->src_mask) >> 1) & howto->src_mask;
1541 b = (b ^ signmask) - signmask;
1547 /* We mask with addrmask here to explicitly allow an address
1548 wrap-around. The Linux kernel relies on it, and it is
1549 the only way to write assembler code which can run when
1550 loaded at a location 0x80000000 away from the location at
1551 which it is linked. */
1552 signmask = fieldmask + 1;
1553 if (((~ (a ^ b)) & (a ^ sum)) & signmask & addrmask)
1554 flag = bfd_reloc_overflow;
1563 /* Put RELOCATION in the right bits. */
1564 relocation >>= (bfd_vma) rightshift;
1565 relocation <<= (bfd_vma) bitpos;
1567 /* Add RELOCATION to the right bits of X. */
1568 x = ((x & ~howto->dst_mask)
1569 | (((x & howto->src_mask) + relocation) & howto->dst_mask));
1571 /* Put the relocated value back in the object file. */
1578 bfd_put_8 (input_bfd, x, location);
1581 bfd_put_16 (input_bfd, x, location);
1584 bfd_put_32 (input_bfd, x, location);
1588 bfd_put_64 (input_bfd, x, location);
1601 howto manager, , typedef arelent, Relocations
1606 When an application wants to create a relocation, but doesn't
1607 know what the target machine might call it, it can find out by
1608 using this bit of code.
1617 The insides of a reloc code. The idea is that, eventually, there
1618 will be one enumerator for every type of relocation we ever do.
1619 Pass one of these values to <<bfd_reloc_type_lookup>>, and it'll
1620 return a howto pointer.
1622 This does mean that the application must determine the correct
1623 enumerator value; you can't get a howto pointer from a random set
1644 Basic absolute relocations of N bits.
1659 PC-relative relocations. Sometimes these are relative to the address
1660 of the relocation itself; sometimes they are relative to the start of
1661 the section containing the relocation. It depends on the specific target.
1663 The 24-bit relocation is used in some Intel 960 configurations.
1666 BFD_RELOC_32_GOT_PCREL
1668 BFD_RELOC_16_GOT_PCREL
1670 BFD_RELOC_8_GOT_PCREL
1676 BFD_RELOC_LO16_GOTOFF
1678 BFD_RELOC_HI16_GOTOFF
1680 BFD_RELOC_HI16_S_GOTOFF
1684 BFD_RELOC_32_PLT_PCREL
1686 BFD_RELOC_24_PLT_PCREL
1688 BFD_RELOC_16_PLT_PCREL
1690 BFD_RELOC_8_PLT_PCREL
1696 BFD_RELOC_LO16_PLTOFF
1698 BFD_RELOC_HI16_PLTOFF
1700 BFD_RELOC_HI16_S_PLTOFF
1707 BFD_RELOC_68K_GLOB_DAT
1709 BFD_RELOC_68K_JMP_SLOT
1711 BFD_RELOC_68K_RELATIVE
1713 Relocations used by 68K ELF.
1716 BFD_RELOC_32_BASEREL
1718 BFD_RELOC_16_BASEREL
1720 BFD_RELOC_LO16_BASEREL
1722 BFD_RELOC_HI16_BASEREL
1724 BFD_RELOC_HI16_S_BASEREL
1730 Linkage-table relative.
1735 Absolute 8-bit relocation, but used to form an address like 0xFFnn.
1738 BFD_RELOC_32_PCREL_S2
1740 BFD_RELOC_16_PCREL_S2
1742 BFD_RELOC_23_PCREL_S2
1744 These PC-relative relocations are stored as word displacements --
1745 i.e., byte displacements shifted right two bits. The 30-bit word
1746 displacement (<<32_PCREL_S2>> -- 32 bits, shifted 2) is used on the
1747 SPARC. (SPARC tools generally refer to this as <<WDISP30>>.) The
1748 signed 16-bit displacement is used on the MIPS, and the 23-bit
1749 displacement is used on the Alpha.
1756 High 22 bits and low 10 bits of 32-bit value, placed into lower bits of
1757 the target word. These are used on the SPARC.
1764 For systems that allocate a Global Pointer register, these are
1765 displacements off that register. These relocation types are
1766 handled specially, because the value the register will have is
1767 decided relatively late.
1770 BFD_RELOC_I960_CALLJ
1772 Reloc types used for i960/b.out.
1777 BFD_RELOC_SPARC_WDISP22
1783 BFD_RELOC_SPARC_GOT10
1785 BFD_RELOC_SPARC_GOT13
1787 BFD_RELOC_SPARC_GOT22
1789 BFD_RELOC_SPARC_PC10
1791 BFD_RELOC_SPARC_PC22
1793 BFD_RELOC_SPARC_WPLT30
1795 BFD_RELOC_SPARC_COPY
1797 BFD_RELOC_SPARC_GLOB_DAT
1799 BFD_RELOC_SPARC_JMP_SLOT
1801 BFD_RELOC_SPARC_RELATIVE
1803 BFD_RELOC_SPARC_UA32
1805 SPARC ELF relocations. There is probably some overlap with other
1806 relocation types already defined.
1809 BFD_RELOC_SPARC_BASE13
1811 BFD_RELOC_SPARC_BASE22
1813 I think these are specific to SPARC a.out (e.g., Sun 4).
1823 BFD_RELOC_SPARC_OLO10
1825 BFD_RELOC_SPARC_HH22
1827 BFD_RELOC_SPARC_HM10
1829 BFD_RELOC_SPARC_LM22
1831 BFD_RELOC_SPARC_PC_HH22
1833 BFD_RELOC_SPARC_PC_HM10
1835 BFD_RELOC_SPARC_PC_LM22
1837 BFD_RELOC_SPARC_WDISP16
1839 BFD_RELOC_SPARC_WDISP19
1847 BFD_RELOC_SPARC_DISP64
1850 BFD_RELOC_SPARC_PLT64
1852 BFD_RELOC_SPARC_HIX22
1854 BFD_RELOC_SPARC_LOX10
1862 BFD_RELOC_SPARC_REGISTER
1867 BFD_RELOC_SPARC_REV32
1869 SPARC little endian relocation
1872 BFD_RELOC_ALPHA_GPDISP_HI16
1874 Alpha ECOFF and ELF relocations. Some of these treat the symbol or
1875 "addend" in some special way.
1876 For GPDISP_HI16 ("gpdisp") relocations, the symbol is ignored when
1877 writing; when reading, it will be the absolute section symbol. The
1878 addend is the displacement in bytes of the "lda" instruction from
1879 the "ldah" instruction (which is at the address of this reloc).
1881 BFD_RELOC_ALPHA_GPDISP_LO16
1883 For GPDISP_LO16 ("ignore") relocations, the symbol is handled as
1884 with GPDISP_HI16 relocs. The addend is ignored when writing the
1885 relocations out, and is filled in with the file's GP value on
1886 reading, for convenience.
1889 BFD_RELOC_ALPHA_GPDISP
1891 The ELF GPDISP relocation is exactly the same as the GPDISP_HI16
1892 relocation except that there is no accompanying GPDISP_LO16
1896 BFD_RELOC_ALPHA_LITERAL
1898 BFD_RELOC_ALPHA_ELF_LITERAL
1900 BFD_RELOC_ALPHA_LITUSE
1902 The Alpha LITERAL/LITUSE relocs are produced by a symbol reference;
1903 the assembler turns it into a LDQ instruction to load the address of
1904 the symbol, and then fills in a register in the real instruction.
1906 The LITERAL reloc, at the LDQ instruction, refers to the .lita
1907 section symbol. The addend is ignored when writing, but is filled
1908 in with the file's GP value on reading, for convenience, as with the
1911 The ELF_LITERAL reloc is somewhere between 16_GOTOFF and GPDISP_LO16.
1912 It should refer to the symbol to be referenced, as with 16_GOTOFF,
1913 but it generates output not based on the position within the .got
1914 section, but relative to the GP value chosen for the file during the
1917 The LITUSE reloc, on the instruction using the loaded address, gives
1918 information to the linker that it might be able to use to optimize
1919 away some literal section references. The symbol is ignored (read
1920 as the absolute section symbol), and the "addend" indicates the type
1921 of instruction using the register:
1922 1 - "memory" fmt insn
1923 2 - byte-manipulation (byte offset reg)
1924 3 - jsr (target of branch)
1926 The GNU linker currently doesn't do any of this optimizing.
1929 BFD_RELOC_ALPHA_USER_LITERAL
1931 BFD_RELOC_ALPHA_USER_LITUSE_BASE
1933 BFD_RELOC_ALPHA_USER_LITUSE_BYTOFF
1935 BFD_RELOC_ALPHA_USER_LITUSE_JSR
1937 BFD_RELOC_ALPHA_USER_GPDISP
1939 BFD_RELOC_ALPHA_USER_GPRELHIGH
1941 BFD_RELOC_ALPHA_USER_GPRELLOW
1943 The BFD_RELOC_ALPHA_USER_* relocations are used by the assembler to
1944 process the explicit !<reloc>!sequence relocations, and are mapped
1945 into the normal relocations at the end of processing.
1948 BFD_RELOC_ALPHA_HINT
1950 The HINT relocation indicates a value that should be filled into the
1951 "hint" field of a jmp/jsr/ret instruction, for possible branch-
1952 prediction logic which may be provided on some processors.
1955 BFD_RELOC_ALPHA_LINKAGE
1957 The LINKAGE relocation outputs a linkage pair in the object file,
1958 which is filled by the linker.
1961 BFD_RELOC_ALPHA_CODEADDR
1963 The CODEADDR relocation outputs a STO_CA in the object file,
1964 which is filled by the linker.
1969 Bits 27..2 of the relocation address shifted right 2 bits;
1970 simple reloc otherwise.
1973 BFD_RELOC_MIPS16_JMP
1975 The MIPS16 jump instruction.
1978 BFD_RELOC_MIPS16_GPREL
1980 MIPS16 GP relative reloc.
1985 High 16 bits of 32-bit value; simple reloc.
1989 High 16 bits of 32-bit value but the low 16 bits will be sign
1990 extended and added to form the final result. If the low 16
1991 bits form a negative number, we need to add one to the high value
1992 to compensate for the borrow when the low bits are added.
1998 BFD_RELOC_PCREL_HI16_S
2000 Like BFD_RELOC_HI16_S, but PC relative.
2002 BFD_RELOC_PCREL_LO16
2004 Like BFD_RELOC_LO16, but PC relative.
2007 BFD_RELOC_MIPS_GPREL
2010 Relocation relative to the global pointer.
2013 BFD_RELOC_MIPS_LITERAL
2015 Relocation against a MIPS literal section.
2018 BFD_RELOC_MIPS_GOT16
2020 BFD_RELOC_MIPS_CALL16
2022 BFD_RELOC_MIPS_GPREL32
2025 BFD_RELOC_MIPS_GOT_HI16
2027 BFD_RELOC_MIPS_GOT_LO16
2029 BFD_RELOC_MIPS_CALL_HI16
2031 BFD_RELOC_MIPS_CALL_LO16
2035 BFD_RELOC_MIPS_GOT_PAGE
2037 BFD_RELOC_MIPS_GOT_OFST
2039 BFD_RELOC_MIPS_GOT_DISP
2042 MIPS ELF relocations.
2053 BFD_RELOC_386_GLOB_DAT
2055 BFD_RELOC_386_JUMP_SLOT
2057 BFD_RELOC_386_RELATIVE
2059 BFD_RELOC_386_GOTOFF
2063 i386/elf relocations
2066 BFD_RELOC_X86_64_GOT32
2068 BFD_RELOC_X86_64_PLT32
2070 BFD_RELOC_X86_64_COPY
2072 BFD_RELOC_X86_64_GLOB_DAT
2074 BFD_RELOC_X86_64_JUMP_SLOT
2076 BFD_RELOC_X86_64_RELATIVE
2078 BFD_RELOC_X86_64_GOTPCREL
2080 BFD_RELOC_X86_64_32S
2082 x86-64/elf relocations
2085 BFD_RELOC_NS32K_IMM_8
2087 BFD_RELOC_NS32K_IMM_16
2089 BFD_RELOC_NS32K_IMM_32
2091 BFD_RELOC_NS32K_IMM_8_PCREL
2093 BFD_RELOC_NS32K_IMM_16_PCREL
2095 BFD_RELOC_NS32K_IMM_32_PCREL
2097 BFD_RELOC_NS32K_DISP_8
2099 BFD_RELOC_NS32K_DISP_16
2101 BFD_RELOC_NS32K_DISP_32
2103 BFD_RELOC_NS32K_DISP_8_PCREL
2105 BFD_RELOC_NS32K_DISP_16_PCREL
2107 BFD_RELOC_NS32K_DISP_32_PCREL
2112 BFD_RELOC_PDP11_DISP_8_PCREL
2114 BFD_RELOC_PDP11_DISP_6_PCREL
2119 BFD_RELOC_PJ_CODE_HI16
2121 BFD_RELOC_PJ_CODE_LO16
2123 BFD_RELOC_PJ_CODE_DIR16
2125 BFD_RELOC_PJ_CODE_DIR32
2127 BFD_RELOC_PJ_CODE_REL16
2129 BFD_RELOC_PJ_CODE_REL32
2131 Picojava relocs. Not all of these appear in object files.
2142 BFD_RELOC_PPC_B16_BRTAKEN
2144 BFD_RELOC_PPC_B16_BRNTAKEN
2148 BFD_RELOC_PPC_BA16_BRTAKEN
2150 BFD_RELOC_PPC_BA16_BRNTAKEN
2154 BFD_RELOC_PPC_GLOB_DAT
2156 BFD_RELOC_PPC_JMP_SLOT
2158 BFD_RELOC_PPC_RELATIVE
2160 BFD_RELOC_PPC_LOCAL24PC
2162 BFD_RELOC_PPC_EMB_NADDR32
2164 BFD_RELOC_PPC_EMB_NADDR16
2166 BFD_RELOC_PPC_EMB_NADDR16_LO
2168 BFD_RELOC_PPC_EMB_NADDR16_HI
2170 BFD_RELOC_PPC_EMB_NADDR16_HA
2172 BFD_RELOC_PPC_EMB_SDAI16
2174 BFD_RELOC_PPC_EMB_SDA2I16
2176 BFD_RELOC_PPC_EMB_SDA2REL
2178 BFD_RELOC_PPC_EMB_SDA21
2180 BFD_RELOC_PPC_EMB_MRKREF
2182 BFD_RELOC_PPC_EMB_RELSEC16
2184 BFD_RELOC_PPC_EMB_RELST_LO
2186 BFD_RELOC_PPC_EMB_RELST_HI
2188 BFD_RELOC_PPC_EMB_RELST_HA
2190 BFD_RELOC_PPC_EMB_BIT_FLD
2192 BFD_RELOC_PPC_EMB_RELSDA
2194 Power(rs6000) and PowerPC relocations.
2199 IBM 370/390 relocations
2204 The type of reloc used to build a contructor table - at the moment
2205 probably a 32 bit wide absolute relocation, but the target can choose.
2206 It generally does map to one of the other relocation types.
2209 BFD_RELOC_ARM_PCREL_BRANCH
2211 ARM 26 bit pc-relative branch. The lowest two bits must be zero and are
2212 not stored in the instruction.
2214 BFD_RELOC_ARM_PCREL_BLX
2216 ARM 26 bit pc-relative branch. The lowest bit must be zero and is
2217 not stored in the instruction. The 2nd lowest bit comes from a 1 bit
2218 field in the instruction.
2220 BFD_RELOC_THUMB_PCREL_BLX
2222 Thumb 22 bit pc-relative branch. The lowest bit must be zero and is
2223 not stored in the instruction. The 2nd lowest bit comes from a 1 bit
2224 field in the instruction.
2226 BFD_RELOC_ARM_IMMEDIATE
2228 BFD_RELOC_ARM_ADRL_IMMEDIATE
2230 BFD_RELOC_ARM_OFFSET_IMM
2232 BFD_RELOC_ARM_SHIFT_IMM
2238 BFD_RELOC_ARM_CP_OFF_IMM
2240 BFD_RELOC_ARM_ADR_IMM
2242 BFD_RELOC_ARM_LDR_IMM
2244 BFD_RELOC_ARM_LITERAL
2246 BFD_RELOC_ARM_IN_POOL
2248 BFD_RELOC_ARM_OFFSET_IMM8
2250 BFD_RELOC_ARM_HWLITERAL
2252 BFD_RELOC_ARM_THUMB_ADD
2254 BFD_RELOC_ARM_THUMB_IMM
2256 BFD_RELOC_ARM_THUMB_SHIFT
2258 BFD_RELOC_ARM_THUMB_OFFSET
2264 BFD_RELOC_ARM_JUMP_SLOT
2268 BFD_RELOC_ARM_GLOB_DAT
2272 BFD_RELOC_ARM_RELATIVE
2274 BFD_RELOC_ARM_GOTOFF
2278 These relocs are only used within the ARM assembler. They are not
2279 (at present) written to any object files.
2282 BFD_RELOC_SH_PCDISP8BY2
2284 BFD_RELOC_SH_PCDISP12BY2
2288 BFD_RELOC_SH_IMM4BY2
2290 BFD_RELOC_SH_IMM4BY4
2294 BFD_RELOC_SH_IMM8BY2
2296 BFD_RELOC_SH_IMM8BY4
2298 BFD_RELOC_SH_PCRELIMM8BY2
2300 BFD_RELOC_SH_PCRELIMM8BY4
2302 BFD_RELOC_SH_SWITCH16
2304 BFD_RELOC_SH_SWITCH32
2318 BFD_RELOC_SH_LOOP_START
2320 BFD_RELOC_SH_LOOP_END
2324 BFD_RELOC_SH_GLOB_DAT
2326 BFD_RELOC_SH_JMP_SLOT
2328 BFD_RELOC_SH_RELATIVE
2332 Hitachi SH relocs. Not all of these appear in object files.
2335 BFD_RELOC_THUMB_PCREL_BRANCH9
2337 BFD_RELOC_THUMB_PCREL_BRANCH12
2339 BFD_RELOC_THUMB_PCREL_BRANCH23
2341 Thumb 23-, 12- and 9-bit pc-relative branches. The lowest bit must
2342 be zero and is not stored in the instruction.
2345 BFD_RELOC_ARC_B22_PCREL
2348 ARC 22 bit pc-relative branch. The lowest two bits must be zero and are
2349 not stored in the instruction. The high 20 bits are installed in bits 26
2350 through 7 of the instruction.
2354 ARC 26 bit absolute branch. The lowest two bits must be zero and are not
2355 stored in the instruction. The high 24 bits are installed in bits 23
2359 BFD_RELOC_D10V_10_PCREL_R
2361 Mitsubishi D10V relocs.
2362 This is a 10-bit reloc with the right 2 bits
2365 BFD_RELOC_D10V_10_PCREL_L
2367 Mitsubishi D10V relocs.
2368 This is a 10-bit reloc with the right 2 bits
2369 assumed to be 0. This is the same as the previous reloc
2370 except it is in the left container, i.e.,
2371 shifted left 15 bits.
2375 This is an 18-bit reloc with the right 2 bits
2378 BFD_RELOC_D10V_18_PCREL
2380 This is an 18-bit reloc with the right 2 bits
2386 Mitsubishi D30V relocs.
2387 This is a 6-bit absolute reloc.
2389 BFD_RELOC_D30V_9_PCREL
2391 This is a 6-bit pc-relative reloc with
2392 the right 3 bits assumed to be 0.
2394 BFD_RELOC_D30V_9_PCREL_R
2396 This is a 6-bit pc-relative reloc with
2397 the right 3 bits assumed to be 0. Same
2398 as the previous reloc but on the right side
2403 This is a 12-bit absolute reloc with the
2404 right 3 bitsassumed to be 0.
2406 BFD_RELOC_D30V_15_PCREL
2408 This is a 12-bit pc-relative reloc with
2409 the right 3 bits assumed to be 0.
2411 BFD_RELOC_D30V_15_PCREL_R
2413 This is a 12-bit pc-relative reloc with
2414 the right 3 bits assumed to be 0. Same
2415 as the previous reloc but on the right side
2420 This is an 18-bit absolute reloc with
2421 the right 3 bits assumed to be 0.
2423 BFD_RELOC_D30V_21_PCREL
2425 This is an 18-bit pc-relative reloc with
2426 the right 3 bits assumed to be 0.
2428 BFD_RELOC_D30V_21_PCREL_R
2430 This is an 18-bit pc-relative reloc with
2431 the right 3 bits assumed to be 0. Same
2432 as the previous reloc but on the right side
2437 This is a 32-bit absolute reloc.
2439 BFD_RELOC_D30V_32_PCREL
2441 This is a 32-bit pc-relative reloc.
2446 Mitsubishi M32R relocs.
2447 This is a 24 bit absolute address.
2449 BFD_RELOC_M32R_10_PCREL
2451 This is a 10-bit pc-relative reloc with the right 2 bits assumed to be 0.
2453 BFD_RELOC_M32R_18_PCREL
2455 This is an 18-bit reloc with the right 2 bits assumed to be 0.
2457 BFD_RELOC_M32R_26_PCREL
2459 This is a 26-bit reloc with the right 2 bits assumed to be 0.
2461 BFD_RELOC_M32R_HI16_ULO
2463 This is a 16-bit reloc containing the high 16 bits of an address
2464 used when the lower 16 bits are treated as unsigned.
2466 BFD_RELOC_M32R_HI16_SLO
2468 This is a 16-bit reloc containing the high 16 bits of an address
2469 used when the lower 16 bits are treated as signed.
2473 This is a 16-bit reloc containing the lower 16 bits of an address.
2475 BFD_RELOC_M32R_SDA16
2477 This is a 16-bit reloc containing the small data area offset for use in
2478 add3, load, and store instructions.
2481 BFD_RELOC_V850_9_PCREL
2483 This is a 9-bit reloc
2485 BFD_RELOC_V850_22_PCREL
2487 This is a 22-bit reloc
2490 BFD_RELOC_V850_SDA_16_16_OFFSET
2492 This is a 16 bit offset from the short data area pointer.
2494 BFD_RELOC_V850_SDA_15_16_OFFSET
2496 This is a 16 bit offset (of which only 15 bits are used) from the
2497 short data area pointer.
2499 BFD_RELOC_V850_ZDA_16_16_OFFSET
2501 This is a 16 bit offset from the zero data area pointer.
2503 BFD_RELOC_V850_ZDA_15_16_OFFSET
2505 This is a 16 bit offset (of which only 15 bits are used) from the
2506 zero data area pointer.
2508 BFD_RELOC_V850_TDA_6_8_OFFSET
2510 This is an 8 bit offset (of which only 6 bits are used) from the
2511 tiny data area pointer.
2513 BFD_RELOC_V850_TDA_7_8_OFFSET
2515 This is an 8bit offset (of which only 7 bits are used) from the tiny
2518 BFD_RELOC_V850_TDA_7_7_OFFSET
2520 This is a 7 bit offset from the tiny data area pointer.
2522 BFD_RELOC_V850_TDA_16_16_OFFSET
2524 This is a 16 bit offset from the tiny data area pointer.
2527 BFD_RELOC_V850_TDA_4_5_OFFSET
2529 This is a 5 bit offset (of which only 4 bits are used) from the tiny
2532 BFD_RELOC_V850_TDA_4_4_OFFSET
2534 This is a 4 bit offset from the tiny data area pointer.
2536 BFD_RELOC_V850_SDA_16_16_SPLIT_OFFSET
2538 This is a 16 bit offset from the short data area pointer, with the
2539 bits placed non-contigously in the instruction.
2541 BFD_RELOC_V850_ZDA_16_16_SPLIT_OFFSET
2543 This is a 16 bit offset from the zero data area pointer, with the
2544 bits placed non-contigously in the instruction.
2546 BFD_RELOC_V850_CALLT_6_7_OFFSET
2548 This is a 6 bit offset from the call table base pointer.
2550 BFD_RELOC_V850_CALLT_16_16_OFFSET
2552 This is a 16 bit offset from the call table base pointer.
2556 BFD_RELOC_MN10300_32_PCREL
2558 This is a 32bit pcrel reloc for the mn10300, offset by two bytes in the
2561 BFD_RELOC_MN10300_16_PCREL
2563 This is a 16bit pcrel reloc for the mn10300, offset by two bytes in the
2569 This is a 8bit DP reloc for the tms320c30, where the most
2570 significant 8 bits of a 24 bit word are placed into the least
2571 significant 8 bits of the opcode.
2574 BFD_RELOC_TIC54X_PARTLS7
2576 This is a 7bit reloc for the tms320c54x, where the least
2577 significant 7 bits of a 16 bit word are placed into the least
2578 significant 7 bits of the opcode.
2581 BFD_RELOC_TIC54X_PARTMS9
2583 This is a 9bit DP reloc for the tms320c54x, where the most
2584 significant 9 bits of a 16 bit word are placed into the least
2585 significant 9 bits of the opcode.
2590 This is an extended address 23-bit reloc for the tms320c54x.
2593 BFD_RELOC_TIC54X_16_OF_23
2595 This is a 16-bit reloc for the tms320c54x, where the least
2596 significant 16 bits of a 23-bit extended address are placed into
2600 BFD_RELOC_TIC54X_MS7_OF_23
2602 This is a reloc for the tms320c54x, where the most
2603 significant 7 bits of a 23-bit extended address are placed into
2609 This is a 48 bit reloc for the FR30 that stores 32 bits.
2613 This is a 32 bit reloc for the FR30 that stores 20 bits split up into
2616 BFD_RELOC_FR30_6_IN_4
2618 This is a 16 bit reloc for the FR30 that stores a 6 bit word offset in
2621 BFD_RELOC_FR30_8_IN_8
2623 This is a 16 bit reloc for the FR30 that stores an 8 bit byte offset
2626 BFD_RELOC_FR30_9_IN_8
2628 This is a 16 bit reloc for the FR30 that stores a 9 bit short offset
2631 BFD_RELOC_FR30_10_IN_8
2633 This is a 16 bit reloc for the FR30 that stores a 10 bit word offset
2636 BFD_RELOC_FR30_9_PCREL
2638 This is a 16 bit reloc for the FR30 that stores a 9 bit pc relative
2639 short offset into 8 bits.
2641 BFD_RELOC_FR30_12_PCREL
2643 This is a 16 bit reloc for the FR30 that stores a 12 bit pc relative
2644 short offset into 11 bits.
2647 BFD_RELOC_MCORE_PCREL_IMM8BY4
2649 BFD_RELOC_MCORE_PCREL_IMM11BY2
2651 BFD_RELOC_MCORE_PCREL_IMM4BY2
2653 BFD_RELOC_MCORE_PCREL_32
2655 BFD_RELOC_MCORE_PCREL_JSR_IMM11BY2
2659 Motorola Mcore relocations.
2662 BFD_RELOC_AVR_7_PCREL
2664 This is a 16 bit reloc for the AVR that stores 8 bit pc relative
2665 short offset into 7 bits.
2667 BFD_RELOC_AVR_13_PCREL
2669 This is a 16 bit reloc for the AVR that stores 13 bit pc relative
2670 short offset into 12 bits.
2674 This is a 16 bit reloc for the AVR that stores 17 bit value (usually
2675 program memory address) into 16 bits.
2677 BFD_RELOC_AVR_LO8_LDI
2679 This is a 16 bit reloc for the AVR that stores 8 bit value (usually
2680 data memory address) into 8 bit immediate value of LDI insn.
2682 BFD_RELOC_AVR_HI8_LDI
2684 This is a 16 bit reloc for the AVR that stores 8 bit value (high 8 bit
2685 of data memory address) into 8 bit immediate value of LDI insn.
2687 BFD_RELOC_AVR_HH8_LDI
2689 This is a 16 bit reloc for the AVR that stores 8 bit value (most high 8 bit
2690 of program memory address) into 8 bit immediate value of LDI insn.
2692 BFD_RELOC_AVR_LO8_LDI_NEG
2694 This is a 16 bit reloc for the AVR that stores negated 8 bit value
2695 (usually data memory address) into 8 bit immediate value of SUBI insn.
2697 BFD_RELOC_AVR_HI8_LDI_NEG
2699 This is a 16 bit reloc for the AVR that stores negated 8 bit value
2700 (high 8 bit of data memory address) into 8 bit immediate value of
2703 BFD_RELOC_AVR_HH8_LDI_NEG
2705 This is a 16 bit reloc for the AVR that stores negated 8 bit value
2706 (most high 8 bit of program memory address) into 8 bit immediate value
2707 of LDI or SUBI insn.
2709 BFD_RELOC_AVR_LO8_LDI_PM
2711 This is a 16 bit reloc for the AVR that stores 8 bit value (usually
2712 command address) into 8 bit immediate value of LDI insn.
2714 BFD_RELOC_AVR_HI8_LDI_PM
2716 This is a 16 bit reloc for the AVR that stores 8 bit value (high 8 bit
2717 of command address) into 8 bit immediate value of LDI insn.
2719 BFD_RELOC_AVR_HH8_LDI_PM
2721 This is a 16 bit reloc for the AVR that stores 8 bit value (most high 8 bit
2722 of command address) into 8 bit immediate value of LDI insn.
2724 BFD_RELOC_AVR_LO8_LDI_PM_NEG
2726 This is a 16 bit reloc for the AVR that stores negated 8 bit value
2727 (usually command address) into 8 bit immediate value of SUBI insn.
2729 BFD_RELOC_AVR_HI8_LDI_PM_NEG
2731 This is a 16 bit reloc for the AVR that stores negated 8 bit value
2732 (high 8 bit of 16 bit command address) into 8 bit immediate value
2735 BFD_RELOC_AVR_HH8_LDI_PM_NEG
2737 This is a 16 bit reloc for the AVR that stores negated 8 bit value
2738 (high 6 bit of 22 bit command address) into 8 bit immediate
2743 This is a 32 bit reloc for the AVR that stores 23 bit value
2757 32 bit PC relative PLT address.
2761 Copy symbol at runtime.
2763 BFD_RELOC_390_GLOB_DAT
2767 BFD_RELOC_390_JMP_SLOT
2771 BFD_RELOC_390_RELATIVE
2773 Adjust by program base.
2777 32 bit PC relative offset to GOT.
2783 BFD_RELOC_390_PC16DBL
2785 PC relative 16 bit shifted by 1.
2787 BFD_RELOC_390_PLT16DBL
2789 16 bit PC rel. PLT shifted by 1.
2791 BFD_RELOC_390_PC32DBL
2793 PC relative 32 bit shifted by 1.
2795 BFD_RELOC_390_PLT32DBL
2797 32 bit PC rel. PLT shifted by 1.
2799 BFD_RELOC_390_GOTPCDBL
2801 32 bit PC rel. GOT shifted by 1.
2809 64 bit PC relative PLT address.
2811 BFD_RELOC_390_GOTENT
2813 32 bit rel. offset to GOT entry.
2816 BFD_RELOC_VTABLE_INHERIT
2818 BFD_RELOC_VTABLE_ENTRY
2820 These two relocations are used by the linker to determine which of
2821 the entries in a C++ virtual function table are actually used. When
2822 the --gc-sections option is given, the linker will zero out the entries
2823 that are not used, so that the code for those functions need not be
2824 included in the output.
2826 VTABLE_INHERIT is a zero-space relocation used to describe to the
2827 linker the inheritence tree of a C++ virtual function table. The
2828 relocation's symbol should be the parent class' vtable, and the
2829 relocation should be located at the child vtable.
2831 VTABLE_ENTRY is a zero-space relocation that describes the use of a
2832 virtual function table entry. The reloc's symbol should refer to the
2833 table of the class mentioned in the code. Off of that base, an offset
2834 describes the entry that is being used. For Rela hosts, this offset
2835 is stored in the reloc's addend. For Rel hosts, we are forced to put
2836 this offset in the reloc's section offset.
2839 BFD_RELOC_IA64_IMM14
2841 BFD_RELOC_IA64_IMM22
2843 BFD_RELOC_IA64_IMM64
2845 BFD_RELOC_IA64_DIR32MSB
2847 BFD_RELOC_IA64_DIR32LSB
2849 BFD_RELOC_IA64_DIR64MSB
2851 BFD_RELOC_IA64_DIR64LSB
2853 BFD_RELOC_IA64_GPREL22
2855 BFD_RELOC_IA64_GPREL64I
2857 BFD_RELOC_IA64_GPREL32MSB
2859 BFD_RELOC_IA64_GPREL32LSB
2861 BFD_RELOC_IA64_GPREL64MSB
2863 BFD_RELOC_IA64_GPREL64LSB
2865 BFD_RELOC_IA64_LTOFF22
2867 BFD_RELOC_IA64_LTOFF64I
2869 BFD_RELOC_IA64_PLTOFF22
2871 BFD_RELOC_IA64_PLTOFF64I
2873 BFD_RELOC_IA64_PLTOFF64MSB
2875 BFD_RELOC_IA64_PLTOFF64LSB
2877 BFD_RELOC_IA64_FPTR64I
2879 BFD_RELOC_IA64_FPTR32MSB
2881 BFD_RELOC_IA64_FPTR32LSB
2883 BFD_RELOC_IA64_FPTR64MSB
2885 BFD_RELOC_IA64_FPTR64LSB
2887 BFD_RELOC_IA64_PCREL21B
2889 BFD_RELOC_IA64_PCREL21BI
2891 BFD_RELOC_IA64_PCREL21M
2893 BFD_RELOC_IA64_PCREL21F
2895 BFD_RELOC_IA64_PCREL22
2897 BFD_RELOC_IA64_PCREL60B
2899 BFD_RELOC_IA64_PCREL64I
2901 BFD_RELOC_IA64_PCREL32MSB
2903 BFD_RELOC_IA64_PCREL32LSB
2905 BFD_RELOC_IA64_PCREL64MSB
2907 BFD_RELOC_IA64_PCREL64LSB
2909 BFD_RELOC_IA64_LTOFF_FPTR22
2911 BFD_RELOC_IA64_LTOFF_FPTR64I
2913 BFD_RELOC_IA64_LTOFF_FPTR64MSB
2915 BFD_RELOC_IA64_LTOFF_FPTR64LSB
2917 BFD_RELOC_IA64_SEGREL32MSB
2919 BFD_RELOC_IA64_SEGREL32LSB
2921 BFD_RELOC_IA64_SEGREL64MSB
2923 BFD_RELOC_IA64_SEGREL64LSB
2925 BFD_RELOC_IA64_SECREL32MSB
2927 BFD_RELOC_IA64_SECREL32LSB
2929 BFD_RELOC_IA64_SECREL64MSB
2931 BFD_RELOC_IA64_SECREL64LSB
2933 BFD_RELOC_IA64_REL32MSB
2935 BFD_RELOC_IA64_REL32LSB
2937 BFD_RELOC_IA64_REL64MSB
2939 BFD_RELOC_IA64_REL64LSB
2941 BFD_RELOC_IA64_LTV32MSB
2943 BFD_RELOC_IA64_LTV32LSB
2945 BFD_RELOC_IA64_LTV64MSB
2947 BFD_RELOC_IA64_LTV64LSB
2949 BFD_RELOC_IA64_IPLTMSB
2951 BFD_RELOC_IA64_IPLTLSB
2955 BFD_RELOC_IA64_TPREL22
2957 BFD_RELOC_IA64_TPREL64MSB
2959 BFD_RELOC_IA64_TPREL64LSB
2961 BFD_RELOC_IA64_LTOFF_TP22
2963 BFD_RELOC_IA64_LTOFF22X
2965 BFD_RELOC_IA64_LDXMOV
2967 Intel IA64 Relocations.
2970 BFD_RELOC_M68HC11_HI8
2972 Motorola 68HC11 reloc.
2973 This is the 8 bits high part of an absolute address.
2975 BFD_RELOC_M68HC11_LO8
2977 Motorola 68HC11 reloc.
2978 This is the 8 bits low part of an absolute address.
2980 BFD_RELOC_M68HC11_3B
2982 Motorola 68HC11 reloc.
2983 This is the 3 bits of a value.
2986 BFD_RELOC_CRIS_BDISP8
2988 BFD_RELOC_CRIS_UNSIGNED_5
2990 BFD_RELOC_CRIS_SIGNED_6
2992 BFD_RELOC_CRIS_UNSIGNED_6
2994 BFD_RELOC_CRIS_UNSIGNED_4
2996 These relocs are only used within the CRIS assembler. They are not
2997 (at present) written to any object files.
3001 BFD_RELOC_CRIS_GLOB_DAT
3003 BFD_RELOC_CRIS_JUMP_SLOT
3005 BFD_RELOC_CRIS_RELATIVE
3007 Relocs used in ELF shared libraries for CRIS.
3009 BFD_RELOC_CRIS_32_GOT
3011 32-bit offset to symbol-entry within GOT.
3013 BFD_RELOC_CRIS_16_GOT
3015 16-bit offset to symbol-entry within GOT.
3017 BFD_RELOC_CRIS_32_GOTPLT
3019 32-bit offset to symbol-entry within GOT, with PLT handling.
3021 BFD_RELOC_CRIS_16_GOTPLT
3023 16-bit offset to symbol-entry within GOT, with PLT handling.
3025 BFD_RELOC_CRIS_32_GOTREL
3027 32-bit offset to symbol, relative to GOT.
3029 BFD_RELOC_CRIS_32_PLT_GOTREL
3031 32-bit offset to symbol with PLT entry, relative to GOT.
3033 BFD_RELOC_CRIS_32_PLT_PCREL
3035 32-bit offset to symbol with PLT entry, relative to this relocation.
3040 BFD_RELOC_860_GLOB_DAT
3042 BFD_RELOC_860_JUMP_SLOT
3044 BFD_RELOC_860_RELATIVE
3054 BFD_RELOC_860_SPLIT0
3058 BFD_RELOC_860_SPLIT1
3062 BFD_RELOC_860_SPLIT2
3066 BFD_RELOC_860_LOGOT0
3068 BFD_RELOC_860_SPGOT0
3070 BFD_RELOC_860_LOGOT1
3072 BFD_RELOC_860_SPGOT1
3074 BFD_RELOC_860_LOGOTOFF0
3076 BFD_RELOC_860_SPGOTOFF0
3078 BFD_RELOC_860_LOGOTOFF1
3080 BFD_RELOC_860_SPGOTOFF1
3082 BFD_RELOC_860_LOGOTOFF2
3084 BFD_RELOC_860_LOGOTOFF3
3088 BFD_RELOC_860_HIGHADJ
3092 BFD_RELOC_860_HAGOTOFF
3100 BFD_RELOC_860_HIGOTOFF
3102 Intel i860 Relocations.
3108 .typedef enum bfd_reloc_code_real bfd_reloc_code_real_type;
3113 bfd_reloc_type_lookup
3117 bfd_reloc_type_lookup (bfd *abfd, bfd_reloc_code_real_type code);
3120 Return a pointer to a howto structure which, when
3121 invoked, will perform the relocation @var{code} on data from the
3127 bfd_reloc_type_lookup (abfd, code)
3129 bfd_reloc_code_real_type code;
3131 return BFD_SEND (abfd, reloc_type_lookup, (abfd, code));
3134 static reloc_howto_type bfd_howto_32 =
3135 HOWTO (0, 00, 2, 32, false, 0, complain_overflow_bitfield, 0, "VRT32", false, 0xffffffff, 0xffffffff, true);
3139 bfd_default_reloc_type_lookup
3142 reloc_howto_type *bfd_default_reloc_type_lookup
3143 (bfd *abfd, bfd_reloc_code_real_type code);
3146 Provides a default relocation lookup routine for any architecture.
3151 bfd_default_reloc_type_lookup (abfd, code)
3153 bfd_reloc_code_real_type code;
3157 case BFD_RELOC_CTOR:
3158 /* The type of reloc used in a ctor, which will be as wide as the
3159 address - so either a 64, 32, or 16 bitter. */
3160 switch (bfd_get_arch_info (abfd)->bits_per_address)
3165 return &bfd_howto_32;
3174 return (reloc_howto_type *) NULL;
3179 bfd_get_reloc_code_name
3182 const char *bfd_get_reloc_code_name (bfd_reloc_code_real_type code);
3185 Provides a printable name for the supplied relocation code.
3186 Useful mainly for printing error messages.
3190 bfd_get_reloc_code_name (code)
3191 bfd_reloc_code_real_type code;
3193 if (code > BFD_RELOC_UNUSED)
3195 return bfd_reloc_code_real_names[(int)code];
3200 bfd_generic_relax_section
3203 boolean bfd_generic_relax_section
3206 struct bfd_link_info *,
3210 Provides default handling for relaxing for back ends which
3211 don't do relaxing -- i.e., does nothing.
3216 bfd_generic_relax_section (abfd, section, link_info, again)
3217 bfd *abfd ATTRIBUTE_UNUSED;
3218 asection *section ATTRIBUTE_UNUSED;
3219 struct bfd_link_info *link_info ATTRIBUTE_UNUSED;
3228 bfd_generic_gc_sections
3231 boolean bfd_generic_gc_sections
3232 (bfd *, struct bfd_link_info *);
3235 Provides default handling for relaxing for back ends which
3236 don't do section gc -- i.e., does nothing.
3241 bfd_generic_gc_sections (abfd, link_info)
3242 bfd *abfd ATTRIBUTE_UNUSED;
3243 struct bfd_link_info *link_info ATTRIBUTE_UNUSED;
3250 bfd_generic_get_relocated_section_contents
3254 bfd_generic_get_relocated_section_contents (bfd *abfd,
3255 struct bfd_link_info *link_info,
3256 struct bfd_link_order *link_order,
3258 boolean relocateable,
3262 Provides default handling of relocation effort for back ends
3263 which can't be bothered to do it efficiently.
3268 bfd_generic_get_relocated_section_contents (abfd, link_info, link_order, data,
3269 relocateable, symbols)
3271 struct bfd_link_info *link_info;
3272 struct bfd_link_order *link_order;
3274 boolean relocateable;
3277 /* Get enough memory to hold the stuff */
3278 bfd *input_bfd = link_order->u.indirect.section->owner;
3279 asection *input_section = link_order->u.indirect.section;
3281 long reloc_size = bfd_get_reloc_upper_bound (input_bfd, input_section);
3282 arelent **reloc_vector = NULL;
3288 reloc_vector = (arelent **) bfd_malloc ((size_t) reloc_size);
3289 if (reloc_vector == NULL && reloc_size != 0)
3292 /* read in the section */
3293 if (!bfd_get_section_contents (input_bfd,
3297 input_section->_raw_size))
3300 /* We're not relaxing the section, so just copy the size info */
3301 input_section->_cooked_size = input_section->_raw_size;
3302 input_section->reloc_done = true;
3304 reloc_count = bfd_canonicalize_reloc (input_bfd,
3308 if (reloc_count < 0)
3311 if (reloc_count > 0)
3314 for (parent = reloc_vector; *parent != (arelent *) NULL;
3317 char *error_message = (char *) NULL;
3318 bfd_reloc_status_type r =
3319 bfd_perform_relocation (input_bfd,
3323 relocateable ? abfd : (bfd *) NULL,
3328 asection *os = input_section->output_section;
3330 /* A partial link, so keep the relocs */
3331 os->orelocation[os->reloc_count] = *parent;
3335 if (r != bfd_reloc_ok)
3339 case bfd_reloc_undefined:
3340 if (!((*link_info->callbacks->undefined_symbol)
3341 (link_info, bfd_asymbol_name (*(*parent)->sym_ptr_ptr),
3342 input_bfd, input_section, (*parent)->address,
3346 case bfd_reloc_dangerous:
3347 BFD_ASSERT (error_message != (char *) NULL);
3348 if (!((*link_info->callbacks->reloc_dangerous)
3349 (link_info, error_message, input_bfd, input_section,
3350 (*parent)->address)))
3353 case bfd_reloc_overflow:
3354 if (!((*link_info->callbacks->reloc_overflow)
3355 (link_info, bfd_asymbol_name (*(*parent)->sym_ptr_ptr),
3356 (*parent)->howto->name, (*parent)->addend,
3357 input_bfd, input_section, (*parent)->address)))
3360 case bfd_reloc_outofrange:
3369 if (reloc_vector != NULL)
3370 free (reloc_vector);
3374 if (reloc_vector != NULL)
3375 free (reloc_vector);