1 /* BFD support for handling relocation entries.
2 Copyright 1990, 1991, 1992, 1993, 1994, 1995, 1996, 1997, 1998, 1999,
4 Free Software Foundation, Inc.
5 Written by Cygnus Support.
7 This file is part of BFD, the Binary File Descriptor library.
9 This program is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify
10 it under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by
11 the Free Software Foundation; either version 2 of the License, or
12 (at your option) any later version.
14 This program is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,
15 but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
16 MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE. See the
17 GNU General Public License for more details.
19 You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License
20 along with this program; if not, write to the Free Software
21 Foundation, Inc., 59 Temple Place - Suite 330, Boston, MA 02111-1307, USA. */
27 BFD maintains relocations in much the same way it maintains
28 symbols: they are left alone until required, then read in
29 en-masse and translated into an internal form. A common
30 routine <<bfd_perform_relocation>> acts upon the
31 canonical form to do the fixup.
33 Relocations are maintained on a per section basis,
34 while symbols are maintained on a per BFD basis.
36 All that a back end has to do to fit the BFD interface is to create
37 a <<struct reloc_cache_entry>> for each relocation
38 in a particular section, and fill in the right bits of the structures.
47 /* DO compile in the reloc_code name table from libbfd.h. */
48 #define _BFD_MAKE_TABLE_bfd_reloc_code_real
57 typedef arelent, howto manager, Relocations, Relocations
62 This is the structure of a relocation entry:
66 .typedef enum bfd_reloc_status
68 . {* No errors detected. *}
71 . {* The relocation was performed, but there was an overflow. *}
74 . {* The address to relocate was not within the section supplied. *}
75 . bfd_reloc_outofrange,
77 . {* Used by special functions. *}
80 . {* Unsupported relocation size requested. *}
81 . bfd_reloc_notsupported,
86 . {* The symbol to relocate against was undefined. *}
87 . bfd_reloc_undefined,
89 . {* The relocation was performed, but may not be ok - presently
90 . generated only when linking i960 coff files with i960 b.out
91 . symbols. If this type is returned, the error_message argument
92 . to bfd_perform_relocation will be set. *}
95 . bfd_reloc_status_type;
98 .typedef struct reloc_cache_entry
100 . {* A pointer into the canonical table of pointers. *}
101 . struct symbol_cache_entry **sym_ptr_ptr;
103 . {* offset in section. *}
104 . bfd_size_type address;
106 . {* addend for relocation value. *}
109 . {* Pointer to how to perform the required relocation. *}
110 . reloc_howto_type *howto;
120 Here is a description of each of the fields within an <<arelent>>:
124 The symbol table pointer points to a pointer to the symbol
125 associated with the relocation request. It is
126 the pointer into the table returned by the back end's
127 <<get_symtab>> action. @xref{Symbols}. The symbol is referenced
128 through a pointer to a pointer so that tools like the linker
129 can fix up all the symbols of the same name by modifying only
130 one pointer. The relocation routine looks in the symbol and
131 uses the base of the section the symbol is attached to and the
132 value of the symbol as the initial relocation offset. If the
133 symbol pointer is zero, then the section provided is looked up.
137 The <<address>> field gives the offset in bytes from the base of
138 the section data which owns the relocation record to the first
139 byte of relocatable information. The actual data relocated
140 will be relative to this point; for example, a relocation
141 type which modifies the bottom two bytes of a four byte word
142 would not touch the first byte pointed to in a big endian
147 The <<addend>> is a value provided by the back end to be added (!)
148 to the relocation offset. Its interpretation is dependent upon
149 the howto. For example, on the 68k the code:
154 | return foo[0x12345678];
157 Could be compiled into:
160 | moveb @@#12345678,d0
165 This could create a reloc pointing to <<foo>>, but leave the
166 offset in the data, something like:
168 |RELOCATION RECORDS FOR [.text]:
172 |00000000 4e56 fffc ; linkw fp,#-4
173 |00000004 1039 1234 5678 ; moveb @@#12345678,d0
174 |0000000a 49c0 ; extbl d0
175 |0000000c 4e5e ; unlk fp
178 Using coff and an 88k, some instructions don't have enough
179 space in them to represent the full address range, and
180 pointers have to be loaded in two parts. So you'd get something like:
182 | or.u r13,r0,hi16(_foo+0x12345678)
183 | ld.b r2,r13,lo16(_foo+0x12345678)
186 This should create two relocs, both pointing to <<_foo>>, and with
187 0x12340000 in their addend field. The data would consist of:
189 |RELOCATION RECORDS FOR [.text]:
191 |00000002 HVRT16 _foo+0x12340000
192 |00000006 LVRT16 _foo+0x12340000
194 |00000000 5da05678 ; or.u r13,r0,0x5678
195 |00000004 1c4d5678 ; ld.b r2,r13,0x5678
196 |00000008 f400c001 ; jmp r1
198 The relocation routine digs out the value from the data, adds
199 it to the addend to get the original offset, and then adds the
200 value of <<_foo>>. Note that all 32 bits have to be kept around
201 somewhere, to cope with carry from bit 15 to bit 16.
203 One further example is the sparc and the a.out format. The
204 sparc has a similar problem to the 88k, in that some
205 instructions don't have room for an entire offset, but on the
206 sparc the parts are created in odd sized lumps. The designers of
207 the a.out format chose to not use the data within the section
208 for storing part of the offset; all the offset is kept within
209 the reloc. Anything in the data should be ignored.
212 | sethi %hi(_foo+0x12345678),%g2
213 | ldsb [%g2+%lo(_foo+0x12345678)],%i0
217 Both relocs contain a pointer to <<foo>>, and the offsets
220 |RELOCATION RECORDS FOR [.text]:
222 |00000004 HI22 _foo+0x12345678
223 |00000008 LO10 _foo+0x12345678
225 |00000000 9de3bf90 ; save %sp,-112,%sp
226 |00000004 05000000 ; sethi %hi(_foo+0),%g2
227 |00000008 f048a000 ; ldsb [%g2+%lo(_foo+0)],%i0
228 |0000000c 81c7e008 ; ret
229 |00000010 81e80000 ; restore
233 The <<howto>> field can be imagined as a
234 relocation instruction. It is a pointer to a structure which
235 contains information on what to do with all of the other
236 information in the reloc record and data section. A back end
237 would normally have a relocation instruction set and turn
238 relocations into pointers to the correct structure on input -
239 but it would be possible to create each howto field on demand.
245 <<enum complain_overflow>>
247 Indicates what sort of overflow checking should be done when
248 performing a relocation.
252 .enum complain_overflow
254 . {* Do not complain on overflow. *}
255 . complain_overflow_dont,
257 . {* Complain if the bitfield overflows, whether it is considered
258 . as signed or unsigned. *}
259 . complain_overflow_bitfield,
261 . {* Complain if the value overflows when considered as signed
263 . complain_overflow_signed,
265 . {* Complain if the value overflows when considered as an
266 . unsigned number. *}
267 . complain_overflow_unsigned
276 The <<reloc_howto_type>> is a structure which contains all the
277 information that libbfd needs to know to tie up a back end's data.
280 .struct symbol_cache_entry; {* Forward declaration. *}
282 .struct reloc_howto_struct
284 . {* The type field has mainly a documentary use - the back end can
285 . do what it wants with it, though normally the back end's
286 . external idea of what a reloc number is stored
287 . in this field. For example, a PC relative word relocation
288 . in a coff environment has the type 023 - because that's
289 . what the outside world calls a R_PCRWORD reloc. *}
292 . {* The value the final relocation is shifted right by. This drops
293 . unwanted data from the relocation. *}
294 . unsigned int rightshift;
296 . {* The size of the item to be relocated. This is *not* a
297 . power-of-two measure. To get the number of bytes operated
298 . on by a type of relocation, use bfd_get_reloc_size. *}
301 . {* The number of bits in the item to be relocated. This is used
302 . when doing overflow checking. *}
303 . unsigned int bitsize;
305 . {* Notes that the relocation is relative to the location in the
306 . data section of the addend. The relocation function will
307 . subtract from the relocation value the address of the location
308 . being relocated. *}
309 . boolean pc_relative;
311 . {* The bit position of the reloc value in the destination.
312 . The relocated value is left shifted by this amount. *}
313 . unsigned int bitpos;
315 . {* What type of overflow error should be checked for when
317 . enum complain_overflow complain_on_overflow;
319 . {* If this field is non null, then the supplied function is
320 . called rather than the normal function. This allows really
321 . strange relocation methods to be accomodated (e.g., i960 callj
323 . bfd_reloc_status_type (*special_function)
324 . PARAMS ((bfd *, arelent *, struct symbol_cache_entry *, PTR, asection *,
327 . {* The textual name of the relocation type. *}
330 . {* Some formats record a relocation addend in the section contents
331 . rather than with the relocation. For ELF formats this is the
332 . distinction between USE_REL and USE_RELA (though the code checks
333 . for USE_REL == 1/0). The value of this field is TRUE if the
334 . addend is recorded with the section contents; when performing a
335 . partial link (ld -r) the section contents (the data) will be
336 . modified. The value of this field is FALSE if addends are
337 . recorded with the relocation (in arelent.addend); when performing
338 . a partial link the relocation will be modified.
339 . All relocations for all ELF USE_RELA targets should set this field
340 . to FALSE (values of TRUE should be looked on with suspicion).
341 . However, the converse is not true: not all relocations of all ELF
342 . USE_REL targets set this field to TRUE. Why this is so is peculiar
343 . to each particular target. For relocs that aren't used in partial
344 . links (e.g. GOT stuff) it doesn't matter what this is set to. *}
345 . boolean partial_inplace;
347 . {* The src_mask selects which parts of the read in data
348 . are to be used in the relocation sum. E.g., if this was an 8 bit
349 . byte of data which we read and relocated, this would be
350 . 0x000000ff. When we have relocs which have an addend, such as
351 . sun4 extended relocs, the value in the offset part of a
352 . relocating field is garbage so we never use it. In this case
353 . the mask would be 0x00000000. *}
356 . {* The dst_mask selects which parts of the instruction are replaced
357 . into the instruction. In most cases src_mask == dst_mask,
358 . except in the above special case, where dst_mask would be
359 . 0x000000ff, and src_mask would be 0x00000000. *}
362 . {* When some formats create PC relative instructions, they leave
363 . the value of the pc of the place being relocated in the offset
364 . slot of the instruction, so that a PC relative relocation can
365 . be made just by adding in an ordinary offset (e.g., sun3 a.out).
366 . Some formats leave the displacement part of an instruction
367 . empty (e.g., m88k bcs); this flag signals the fact. *}
368 . boolean pcrel_offset;
378 The HOWTO define is horrible and will go away.
380 .#define HOWTO(C, R, S, B, P, BI, O, SF, NAME, INPLACE, MASKSRC, MASKDST, PC) \
381 . { (unsigned) C, R, S, B, P, BI, O, SF, NAME, INPLACE, MASKSRC, MASKDST, PC }
384 And will be replaced with the totally magic way. But for the
385 moment, we are compatible, so do it this way.
387 .#define NEWHOWTO(FUNCTION, NAME, SIZE, REL, IN) \
388 . HOWTO (0, 0, SIZE, 0, REL, 0, complain_overflow_dont, FUNCTION, \
389 . NAME, false, 0, 0, IN)
393 This is used to fill in an empty howto entry in an array.
395 .#define EMPTY_HOWTO(C) \
396 . HOWTO ((C), 0, 0, 0, false, 0, complain_overflow_dont, NULL, \
397 . NULL, false, 0, 0, false)
401 Helper routine to turn a symbol into a relocation value.
403 .#define HOWTO_PREPARE(relocation, symbol) \
405 . if (symbol != (asymbol *) NULL) \
407 . if (bfd_is_com_section (symbol->section)) \
413 . relocation = symbol->value; \
425 unsigned int bfd_get_reloc_size (reloc_howto_type *);
428 For a reloc_howto_type that operates on a fixed number of bytes,
429 this returns the number of bytes operated on.
433 bfd_get_reloc_size (howto)
434 reloc_howto_type *howto;
455 How relocs are tied together in an <<asection>>:
457 .typedef struct relent_chain
460 . struct relent_chain *next;
466 /* N_ONES produces N one bits, without overflowing machine arithmetic. */
467 #define N_ONES(n) (((((bfd_vma) 1 << ((n) - 1)) - 1) << 1) | 1)
474 bfd_reloc_status_type
476 (enum complain_overflow how,
477 unsigned int bitsize,
478 unsigned int rightshift,
479 unsigned int addrsize,
483 Perform overflow checking on @var{relocation} which has
484 @var{bitsize} significant bits and will be shifted right by
485 @var{rightshift} bits, on a machine with addresses containing
486 @var{addrsize} significant bits. The result is either of
487 @code{bfd_reloc_ok} or @code{bfd_reloc_overflow}.
491 bfd_reloc_status_type
492 bfd_check_overflow (how, bitsize, rightshift, addrsize, relocation)
493 enum complain_overflow how;
494 unsigned int bitsize;
495 unsigned int rightshift;
496 unsigned int addrsize;
499 bfd_vma fieldmask, addrmask, signmask, ss, a;
500 bfd_reloc_status_type flag = bfd_reloc_ok;
504 /* Note: BITSIZE should always be <= ADDRSIZE, but in case it's not,
505 we'll be permissive: extra bits in the field mask will
506 automatically extend the address mask for purposes of the
508 fieldmask = N_ONES (bitsize);
509 addrmask = N_ONES (addrsize) | fieldmask;
513 case complain_overflow_dont:
516 case complain_overflow_signed:
517 /* If any sign bits are set, all sign bits must be set. That
518 is, A must be a valid negative address after shifting. */
519 a = (a & addrmask) >> rightshift;
520 signmask = ~ (fieldmask >> 1);
522 if (ss != 0 && ss != ((addrmask >> rightshift) & signmask))
523 flag = bfd_reloc_overflow;
526 case complain_overflow_unsigned:
527 /* We have an overflow if the address does not fit in the field. */
528 a = (a & addrmask) >> rightshift;
529 if ((a & ~ fieldmask) != 0)
530 flag = bfd_reloc_overflow;
533 case complain_overflow_bitfield:
534 /* Bitfields are sometimes signed, sometimes unsigned. We
535 explicitly allow an address wrap too, which means a bitfield
536 of n bits is allowed to store -2**n to 2**n-1. Thus overflow
537 if the value has some, but not all, bits set outside the
540 ss = a & ~ fieldmask;
541 if (ss != 0 && ss != (((bfd_vma) -1 >> rightshift) & ~ fieldmask))
542 flag = bfd_reloc_overflow;
554 bfd_perform_relocation
557 bfd_reloc_status_type
558 bfd_perform_relocation
560 arelent *reloc_entry,
562 asection *input_section,
564 char **error_message);
567 If @var{output_bfd} is supplied to this function, the
568 generated image will be relocatable; the relocations are
569 copied to the output file after they have been changed to
570 reflect the new state of the world. There are two ways of
571 reflecting the results of partial linkage in an output file:
572 by modifying the output data in place, and by modifying the
573 relocation record. Some native formats (e.g., basic a.out and
574 basic coff) have no way of specifying an addend in the
575 relocation type, so the addend has to go in the output data.
576 This is no big deal since in these formats the output data
577 slot will always be big enough for the addend. Complex reloc
578 types with addends were invented to solve just this problem.
579 The @var{error_message} argument is set to an error message if
580 this return @code{bfd_reloc_dangerous}.
584 bfd_reloc_status_type
585 bfd_perform_relocation (abfd, reloc_entry, data, input_section, output_bfd,
588 arelent *reloc_entry;
590 asection *input_section;
592 char **error_message;
595 bfd_reloc_status_type flag = bfd_reloc_ok;
596 bfd_size_type octets = reloc_entry->address * bfd_octets_per_byte (abfd);
597 bfd_vma output_base = 0;
598 reloc_howto_type *howto = reloc_entry->howto;
599 asection *reloc_target_output_section;
602 symbol = *(reloc_entry->sym_ptr_ptr);
603 if (bfd_is_abs_section (symbol->section)
604 && output_bfd != (bfd *) NULL)
606 reloc_entry->address += input_section->output_offset;
610 /* If we are not producing relocateable output, return an error if
611 the symbol is not defined. An undefined weak symbol is
612 considered to have a value of zero (SVR4 ABI, p. 4-27). */
613 if (bfd_is_und_section (symbol->section)
614 && (symbol->flags & BSF_WEAK) == 0
615 && output_bfd == (bfd *) NULL)
616 flag = bfd_reloc_undefined;
618 /* If there is a function supplied to handle this relocation type,
619 call it. It'll return `bfd_reloc_continue' if further processing
621 if (howto->special_function)
623 bfd_reloc_status_type cont;
624 cont = howto->special_function (abfd, reloc_entry, symbol, data,
625 input_section, output_bfd,
627 if (cont != bfd_reloc_continue)
631 /* Is the address of the relocation really within the section? */
632 if (reloc_entry->address > (input_section->_cooked_size
633 / bfd_octets_per_byte (abfd)))
634 return bfd_reloc_outofrange;
636 /* Work out which section the relocation is targetted at and the
637 initial relocation command value. */
639 /* Get symbol value. (Common symbols are special.) */
640 if (bfd_is_com_section (symbol->section))
643 relocation = symbol->value;
645 reloc_target_output_section = symbol->section->output_section;
647 /* Convert input-section-relative symbol value to absolute. */
648 if (output_bfd && howto->partial_inplace == false)
651 output_base = reloc_target_output_section->vma;
653 relocation += output_base + symbol->section->output_offset;
655 /* Add in supplied addend. */
656 relocation += reloc_entry->addend;
658 /* Here the variable relocation holds the final address of the
659 symbol we are relocating against, plus any addend. */
661 if (howto->pc_relative == true)
663 /* This is a PC relative relocation. We want to set RELOCATION
664 to the distance between the address of the symbol and the
665 location. RELOCATION is already the address of the symbol.
667 We start by subtracting the address of the section containing
670 If pcrel_offset is set, we must further subtract the position
671 of the location within the section. Some targets arrange for
672 the addend to be the negative of the position of the location
673 within the section; for example, i386-aout does this. For
674 i386-aout, pcrel_offset is false. Some other targets do not
675 include the position of the location; for example, m88kbcs,
676 or ELF. For those targets, pcrel_offset is true.
678 If we are producing relocateable output, then we must ensure
679 that this reloc will be correctly computed when the final
680 relocation is done. If pcrel_offset is false we want to wind
681 up with the negative of the location within the section,
682 which means we must adjust the existing addend by the change
683 in the location within the section. If pcrel_offset is true
684 we do not want to adjust the existing addend at all.
686 FIXME: This seems logical to me, but for the case of
687 producing relocateable output it is not what the code
688 actually does. I don't want to change it, because it seems
689 far too likely that something will break. */
692 input_section->output_section->vma + input_section->output_offset;
694 if (howto->pcrel_offset == true)
695 relocation -= reloc_entry->address;
698 if (output_bfd != (bfd *) NULL)
700 if (howto->partial_inplace == false)
702 /* This is a partial relocation, and we want to apply the relocation
703 to the reloc entry rather than the raw data. Modify the reloc
704 inplace to reflect what we now know. */
705 reloc_entry->addend = relocation;
706 reloc_entry->address += input_section->output_offset;
711 /* This is a partial relocation, but inplace, so modify the
714 If we've relocated with a symbol with a section, change
715 into a ref to the section belonging to the symbol. */
717 reloc_entry->address += input_section->output_offset;
720 if (abfd->xvec->flavour == bfd_target_coff_flavour
721 && strcmp (abfd->xvec->name, "coff-Intel-little") != 0
722 && strcmp (abfd->xvec->name, "coff-Intel-big") != 0)
725 /* For m68k-coff, the addend was being subtracted twice during
726 relocation with -r. Removing the line below this comment
727 fixes that problem; see PR 2953.
729 However, Ian wrote the following, regarding removing the line below,
730 which explains why it is still enabled: --djm
732 If you put a patch like that into BFD you need to check all the COFF
733 linkers. I am fairly certain that patch will break coff-i386 (e.g.,
734 SCO); see coff_i386_reloc in coff-i386.c where I worked around the
735 problem in a different way. There may very well be a reason that the
736 code works as it does.
738 Hmmm. The first obvious point is that bfd_perform_relocation should
739 not have any tests that depend upon the flavour. It's seem like
740 entirely the wrong place for such a thing. The second obvious point
741 is that the current code ignores the reloc addend when producing
742 relocateable output for COFF. That's peculiar. In fact, I really
743 have no idea what the point of the line you want to remove is.
745 A typical COFF reloc subtracts the old value of the symbol and adds in
746 the new value to the location in the object file (if it's a pc
747 relative reloc it adds the difference between the symbol value and the
748 location). When relocating we need to preserve that property.
750 BFD handles this by setting the addend to the negative of the old
751 value of the symbol. Unfortunately it handles common symbols in a
752 non-standard way (it doesn't subtract the old value) but that's a
753 different story (we can't change it without losing backward
754 compatibility with old object files) (coff-i386 does subtract the old
755 value, to be compatible with existing coff-i386 targets, like SCO).
757 So everything works fine when not producing relocateable output. When
758 we are producing relocateable output, logically we should do exactly
759 what we do when not producing relocateable output. Therefore, your
760 patch is correct. In fact, it should probably always just set
761 reloc_entry->addend to 0 for all cases, since it is, in fact, going to
762 add the value into the object file. This won't hurt the COFF code,
763 which doesn't use the addend; I'm not sure what it will do to other
764 formats (the thing to check for would be whether any formats both use
765 the addend and set partial_inplace).
767 When I wanted to make coff-i386 produce relocateable output, I ran
768 into the problem that you are running into: I wanted to remove that
769 line. Rather than risk it, I made the coff-i386 relocs use a special
770 function; it's coff_i386_reloc in coff-i386.c. The function
771 specifically adds the addend field into the object file, knowing that
772 bfd_perform_relocation is not going to. If you remove that line, then
773 coff-i386.c will wind up adding the addend field in twice. It's
774 trivial to fix; it just needs to be done.
776 The problem with removing the line is just that it may break some
777 working code. With BFD it's hard to be sure of anything. The right
778 way to deal with this is simply to build and test at least all the
779 supported COFF targets. It should be straightforward if time and disk
780 space consuming. For each target:
782 2) generate some executable, and link it using -r (I would
783 probably use paranoia.o and link against newlib/libc.a, which
784 for all the supported targets would be available in
785 /usr/cygnus/progressive/H-host/target/lib/libc.a).
786 3) make the change to reloc.c
787 4) rebuild the linker
789 6) if the resulting object files are the same, you have at least
791 7) if they are different you have to figure out which version is
794 relocation -= reloc_entry->addend;
796 reloc_entry->addend = 0;
800 reloc_entry->addend = relocation;
806 reloc_entry->addend = 0;
809 /* FIXME: This overflow checking is incomplete, because the value
810 might have overflowed before we get here. For a correct check we
811 need to compute the value in a size larger than bitsize, but we
812 can't reasonably do that for a reloc the same size as a host
814 FIXME: We should also do overflow checking on the result after
815 adding in the value contained in the object file. */
816 if (howto->complain_on_overflow != complain_overflow_dont
817 && flag == bfd_reloc_ok)
818 flag = bfd_check_overflow (howto->complain_on_overflow,
821 bfd_arch_bits_per_address (abfd),
824 /* Either we are relocating all the way, or we don't want to apply
825 the relocation to the reloc entry (probably because there isn't
826 any room in the output format to describe addends to relocs). */
828 /* The cast to bfd_vma avoids a bug in the Alpha OSF/1 C compiler
829 (OSF version 1.3, compiler version 3.11). It miscompiles the
843 x <<= (unsigned long) s.i0;
847 printf ("succeeded (%lx)\n", x);
851 relocation >>= (bfd_vma) howto->rightshift;
853 /* Shift everything up to where it's going to be used. */
854 relocation <<= (bfd_vma) howto->bitpos;
856 /* Wait for the day when all have the mask in them. */
859 i instruction to be left alone
860 o offset within instruction
861 r relocation offset to apply
870 (( i i i i i o o o o o from bfd_get<size>
871 and S S S S S) to get the size offset we want
872 + r r r r r r r r r r) to get the final value to place
873 and D D D D D to chop to right size
874 -----------------------
877 ( i i i i i o o o o o from bfd_get<size>
878 and N N N N N ) get instruction
879 -----------------------
885 -----------------------
886 = R R R R R R R R R R put into bfd_put<size>
890 x = ( (x & ~howto->dst_mask) | (((x & howto->src_mask) + relocation) & howto->dst_mask))
896 char x = bfd_get_8 (abfd, (char *) data + octets);
898 bfd_put_8 (abfd, x, (unsigned char *) data + octets);
904 short x = bfd_get_16 (abfd, (bfd_byte *) data + octets);
906 bfd_put_16 (abfd, (bfd_vma) x, (unsigned char *) data + octets);
911 long x = bfd_get_32 (abfd, (bfd_byte *) data + octets);
913 bfd_put_32 (abfd, (bfd_vma) x, (bfd_byte *) data + octets);
918 long x = bfd_get_32 (abfd, (bfd_byte *) data + octets);
919 relocation = -relocation;
921 bfd_put_32 (abfd, (bfd_vma) x, (bfd_byte *) data + octets);
927 long x = bfd_get_16 (abfd, (bfd_byte *) data + octets);
928 relocation = -relocation;
930 bfd_put_16 (abfd, (bfd_vma) x, (bfd_byte *) data + octets);
941 bfd_vma x = bfd_get_64 (abfd, (bfd_byte *) data + octets);
943 bfd_put_64 (abfd, x, (bfd_byte *) data + octets);
950 return bfd_reloc_other;
958 bfd_install_relocation
961 bfd_reloc_status_type
962 bfd_install_relocation
964 arelent *reloc_entry,
965 PTR data, bfd_vma data_start,
966 asection *input_section,
967 char **error_message);
970 This looks remarkably like <<bfd_perform_relocation>>, except it
971 does not expect that the section contents have been filled in.
972 I.e., it's suitable for use when creating, rather than applying
975 For now, this function should be considered reserved for the
979 bfd_reloc_status_type
980 bfd_install_relocation (abfd, reloc_entry, data_start, data_start_offset,
981 input_section, error_message)
983 arelent *reloc_entry;
985 bfd_vma data_start_offset;
986 asection *input_section;
987 char **error_message;
990 bfd_reloc_status_type flag = bfd_reloc_ok;
991 bfd_size_type octets = reloc_entry->address * bfd_octets_per_byte (abfd);
992 bfd_vma output_base = 0;
993 reloc_howto_type *howto = reloc_entry->howto;
994 asection *reloc_target_output_section;
998 symbol = *(reloc_entry->sym_ptr_ptr);
999 if (bfd_is_abs_section (symbol->section))
1001 reloc_entry->address += input_section->output_offset;
1002 return bfd_reloc_ok;
1005 /* If there is a function supplied to handle this relocation type,
1006 call it. It'll return `bfd_reloc_continue' if further processing
1008 if (howto->special_function)
1010 bfd_reloc_status_type cont;
1012 /* XXX - The special_function calls haven't been fixed up to deal
1013 with creating new relocations and section contents. */
1014 cont = howto->special_function (abfd, reloc_entry, symbol,
1015 /* XXX - Non-portable! */
1016 ((bfd_byte *) data_start
1017 - data_start_offset),
1018 input_section, abfd, error_message);
1019 if (cont != bfd_reloc_continue)
1023 /* Is the address of the relocation really within the section? */
1024 if (reloc_entry->address > (input_section->_cooked_size
1025 / bfd_octets_per_byte (abfd)))
1026 return bfd_reloc_outofrange;
1028 /* Work out which section the relocation is targetted at and the
1029 initial relocation command value. */
1031 /* Get symbol value. (Common symbols are special.) */
1032 if (bfd_is_com_section (symbol->section))
1035 relocation = symbol->value;
1037 reloc_target_output_section = symbol->section->output_section;
1039 /* Convert input-section-relative symbol value to absolute. */
1040 if (howto->partial_inplace == false)
1043 output_base = reloc_target_output_section->vma;
1045 relocation += output_base + symbol->section->output_offset;
1047 /* Add in supplied addend. */
1048 relocation += reloc_entry->addend;
1050 /* Here the variable relocation holds the final address of the
1051 symbol we are relocating against, plus any addend. */
1053 if (howto->pc_relative == true)
1055 /* This is a PC relative relocation. We want to set RELOCATION
1056 to the distance between the address of the symbol and the
1057 location. RELOCATION is already the address of the symbol.
1059 We start by subtracting the address of the section containing
1062 If pcrel_offset is set, we must further subtract the position
1063 of the location within the section. Some targets arrange for
1064 the addend to be the negative of the position of the location
1065 within the section; for example, i386-aout does this. For
1066 i386-aout, pcrel_offset is false. Some other targets do not
1067 include the position of the location; for example, m88kbcs,
1068 or ELF. For those targets, pcrel_offset is true.
1070 If we are producing relocateable output, then we must ensure
1071 that this reloc will be correctly computed when the final
1072 relocation is done. If pcrel_offset is false we want to wind
1073 up with the negative of the location within the section,
1074 which means we must adjust the existing addend by the change
1075 in the location within the section. If pcrel_offset is true
1076 we do not want to adjust the existing addend at all.
1078 FIXME: This seems logical to me, but for the case of
1079 producing relocateable output it is not what the code
1080 actually does. I don't want to change it, because it seems
1081 far too likely that something will break. */
1084 input_section->output_section->vma + input_section->output_offset;
1086 if (howto->pcrel_offset == true && howto->partial_inplace == true)
1087 relocation -= reloc_entry->address;
1090 if (howto->partial_inplace == false)
1092 /* This is a partial relocation, and we want to apply the relocation
1093 to the reloc entry rather than the raw data. Modify the reloc
1094 inplace to reflect what we now know. */
1095 reloc_entry->addend = relocation;
1096 reloc_entry->address += input_section->output_offset;
1101 /* This is a partial relocation, but inplace, so modify the
1104 If we've relocated with a symbol with a section, change
1105 into a ref to the section belonging to the symbol. */
1106 reloc_entry->address += input_section->output_offset;
1109 if (abfd->xvec->flavour == bfd_target_coff_flavour
1110 && strcmp (abfd->xvec->name, "coff-Intel-little") != 0
1111 && strcmp (abfd->xvec->name, "coff-Intel-big") != 0)
1114 /* For m68k-coff, the addend was being subtracted twice during
1115 relocation with -r. Removing the line below this comment
1116 fixes that problem; see PR 2953.
1118 However, Ian wrote the following, regarding removing the line below,
1119 which explains why it is still enabled: --djm
1121 If you put a patch like that into BFD you need to check all the COFF
1122 linkers. I am fairly certain that patch will break coff-i386 (e.g.,
1123 SCO); see coff_i386_reloc in coff-i386.c where I worked around the
1124 problem in a different way. There may very well be a reason that the
1125 code works as it does.
1127 Hmmm. The first obvious point is that bfd_install_relocation should
1128 not have any tests that depend upon the flavour. It's seem like
1129 entirely the wrong place for such a thing. The second obvious point
1130 is that the current code ignores the reloc addend when producing
1131 relocateable output for COFF. That's peculiar. In fact, I really
1132 have no idea what the point of the line you want to remove is.
1134 A typical COFF reloc subtracts the old value of the symbol and adds in
1135 the new value to the location in the object file (if it's a pc
1136 relative reloc it adds the difference between the symbol value and the
1137 location). When relocating we need to preserve that property.
1139 BFD handles this by setting the addend to the negative of the old
1140 value of the symbol. Unfortunately it handles common symbols in a
1141 non-standard way (it doesn't subtract the old value) but that's a
1142 different story (we can't change it without losing backward
1143 compatibility with old object files) (coff-i386 does subtract the old
1144 value, to be compatible with existing coff-i386 targets, like SCO).
1146 So everything works fine when not producing relocateable output. When
1147 we are producing relocateable output, logically we should do exactly
1148 what we do when not producing relocateable output. Therefore, your
1149 patch is correct. In fact, it should probably always just set
1150 reloc_entry->addend to 0 for all cases, since it is, in fact, going to
1151 add the value into the object file. This won't hurt the COFF code,
1152 which doesn't use the addend; I'm not sure what it will do to other
1153 formats (the thing to check for would be whether any formats both use
1154 the addend and set partial_inplace).
1156 When I wanted to make coff-i386 produce relocateable output, I ran
1157 into the problem that you are running into: I wanted to remove that
1158 line. Rather than risk it, I made the coff-i386 relocs use a special
1159 function; it's coff_i386_reloc in coff-i386.c. The function
1160 specifically adds the addend field into the object file, knowing that
1161 bfd_install_relocation is not going to. If you remove that line, then
1162 coff-i386.c will wind up adding the addend field in twice. It's
1163 trivial to fix; it just needs to be done.
1165 The problem with removing the line is just that it may break some
1166 working code. With BFD it's hard to be sure of anything. The right
1167 way to deal with this is simply to build and test at least all the
1168 supported COFF targets. It should be straightforward if time and disk
1169 space consuming. For each target:
1171 2) generate some executable, and link it using -r (I would
1172 probably use paranoia.o and link against newlib/libc.a, which
1173 for all the supported targets would be available in
1174 /usr/cygnus/progressive/H-host/target/lib/libc.a).
1175 3) make the change to reloc.c
1176 4) rebuild the linker
1178 6) if the resulting object files are the same, you have at least
1180 7) if they are different you have to figure out which version is
1182 relocation -= reloc_entry->addend;
1184 reloc_entry->addend = 0;
1188 reloc_entry->addend = relocation;
1192 /* FIXME: This overflow checking is incomplete, because the value
1193 might have overflowed before we get here. For a correct check we
1194 need to compute the value in a size larger than bitsize, but we
1195 can't reasonably do that for a reloc the same size as a host
1197 FIXME: We should also do overflow checking on the result after
1198 adding in the value contained in the object file. */
1199 if (howto->complain_on_overflow != complain_overflow_dont)
1200 flag = bfd_check_overflow (howto->complain_on_overflow,
1203 bfd_arch_bits_per_address (abfd),
1206 /* Either we are relocating all the way, or we don't want to apply
1207 the relocation to the reloc entry (probably because there isn't
1208 any room in the output format to describe addends to relocs). */
1210 /* The cast to bfd_vma avoids a bug in the Alpha OSF/1 C compiler
1211 (OSF version 1.3, compiler version 3.11). It miscompiles the
1225 x <<= (unsigned long) s.i0;
1227 printf ("failed\n");
1229 printf ("succeeded (%lx)\n", x);
1233 relocation >>= (bfd_vma) howto->rightshift;
1235 /* Shift everything up to where it's going to be used. */
1236 relocation <<= (bfd_vma) howto->bitpos;
1238 /* Wait for the day when all have the mask in them. */
1241 i instruction to be left alone
1242 o offset within instruction
1243 r relocation offset to apply
1252 (( i i i i i o o o o o from bfd_get<size>
1253 and S S S S S) to get the size offset we want
1254 + r r r r r r r r r r) to get the final value to place
1255 and D D D D D to chop to right size
1256 -----------------------
1259 ( i i i i i o o o o o from bfd_get<size>
1260 and N N N N N ) get instruction
1261 -----------------------
1267 -----------------------
1268 = R R R R R R R R R R put into bfd_put<size>
1272 x = ( (x & ~howto->dst_mask) | (((x & howto->src_mask) + relocation) & howto->dst_mask))
1274 data = (bfd_byte *) data_start + (octets - data_start_offset);
1276 switch (howto->size)
1280 char x = bfd_get_8 (abfd, (char *) data);
1282 bfd_put_8 (abfd, x, (unsigned char *) data);
1288 short x = bfd_get_16 (abfd, (bfd_byte *) data);
1290 bfd_put_16 (abfd, (bfd_vma) x, (unsigned char *) data);
1295 long x = bfd_get_32 (abfd, (bfd_byte *) data);
1297 bfd_put_32 (abfd, (bfd_vma) x, (bfd_byte *) data);
1302 long x = bfd_get_32 (abfd, (bfd_byte *) data);
1303 relocation = -relocation;
1305 bfd_put_32 (abfd, (bfd_vma) x, (bfd_byte *) data);
1315 bfd_vma x = bfd_get_64 (abfd, (bfd_byte *) data);
1317 bfd_put_64 (abfd, x, (bfd_byte *) data);
1321 return bfd_reloc_other;
1327 /* This relocation routine is used by some of the backend linkers.
1328 They do not construct asymbol or arelent structures, so there is no
1329 reason for them to use bfd_perform_relocation. Also,
1330 bfd_perform_relocation is so hacked up it is easier to write a new
1331 function than to try to deal with it.
1333 This routine does a final relocation. Whether it is useful for a
1334 relocateable link depends upon how the object format defines
1337 FIXME: This routine ignores any special_function in the HOWTO,
1338 since the existing special_function values have been written for
1339 bfd_perform_relocation.
1341 HOWTO is the reloc howto information.
1342 INPUT_BFD is the BFD which the reloc applies to.
1343 INPUT_SECTION is the section which the reloc applies to.
1344 CONTENTS is the contents of the section.
1345 ADDRESS is the address of the reloc within INPUT_SECTION.
1346 VALUE is the value of the symbol the reloc refers to.
1347 ADDEND is the addend of the reloc. */
1349 bfd_reloc_status_type
1350 _bfd_final_link_relocate (howto, input_bfd, input_section, contents, address,
1352 reloc_howto_type *howto;
1354 asection *input_section;
1362 /* Sanity check the address. */
1363 if (address > input_section->_raw_size)
1364 return bfd_reloc_outofrange;
1366 /* This function assumes that we are dealing with a basic relocation
1367 against a symbol. We want to compute the value of the symbol to
1368 relocate to. This is just VALUE, the value of the symbol, plus
1369 ADDEND, any addend associated with the reloc. */
1370 relocation = value + addend;
1372 /* If the relocation is PC relative, we want to set RELOCATION to
1373 the distance between the symbol (currently in RELOCATION) and the
1374 location we are relocating. Some targets (e.g., i386-aout)
1375 arrange for the contents of the section to be the negative of the
1376 offset of the location within the section; for such targets
1377 pcrel_offset is false. Other targets (e.g., m88kbcs or ELF)
1378 simply leave the contents of the section as zero; for such
1379 targets pcrel_offset is true. If pcrel_offset is false we do not
1380 need to subtract out the offset of the location within the
1381 section (which is just ADDRESS). */
1382 if (howto->pc_relative)
1384 relocation -= (input_section->output_section->vma
1385 + input_section->output_offset);
1386 if (howto->pcrel_offset)
1387 relocation -= address;
1390 return _bfd_relocate_contents (howto, input_bfd, relocation,
1391 contents + address);
1394 /* Relocate a given location using a given value and howto. */
1396 bfd_reloc_status_type
1397 _bfd_relocate_contents (howto, input_bfd, relocation, location)
1398 reloc_howto_type *howto;
1405 bfd_reloc_status_type flag;
1406 unsigned int rightshift = howto->rightshift;
1407 unsigned int bitpos = howto->bitpos;
1409 /* If the size is negative, negate RELOCATION. This isn't very
1411 if (howto->size < 0)
1412 relocation = -relocation;
1414 /* Get the value we are going to relocate. */
1415 size = bfd_get_reloc_size (howto);
1422 x = bfd_get_8 (input_bfd, location);
1425 x = bfd_get_16 (input_bfd, location);
1428 x = bfd_get_32 (input_bfd, location);
1432 x = bfd_get_64 (input_bfd, location);
1439 /* Check for overflow. FIXME: We may drop bits during the addition
1440 which we don't check for. We must either check at every single
1441 operation, which would be tedious, or we must do the computations
1442 in a type larger than bfd_vma, which would be inefficient. */
1443 flag = bfd_reloc_ok;
1444 if (howto->complain_on_overflow != complain_overflow_dont)
1446 bfd_vma addrmask, fieldmask, signmask, ss;
1449 /* Get the values to be added together. For signed and unsigned
1450 relocations, we assume that all values should be truncated to
1451 the size of an address. For bitfields, all the bits matter.
1452 See also bfd_check_overflow. */
1453 fieldmask = N_ONES (howto->bitsize);
1454 addrmask = N_ONES (bfd_arch_bits_per_address (input_bfd)) | fieldmask;
1456 b = x & howto->src_mask;
1458 switch (howto->complain_on_overflow)
1460 case complain_overflow_signed:
1461 a = (a & addrmask) >> rightshift;
1463 /* If any sign bits are set, all sign bits must be set.
1464 That is, A must be a valid negative address after
1466 signmask = ~ (fieldmask >> 1);
1468 if (ss != 0 && ss != ((addrmask >> rightshift) & signmask))
1469 flag = bfd_reloc_overflow;
1471 /* We only need this next bit of code if the sign bit of B
1472 is below the sign bit of A. This would only happen if
1473 SRC_MASK had fewer bits than BITSIZE. Note that if
1474 SRC_MASK has more bits than BITSIZE, we can get into
1475 trouble; we would need to verify that B is in range, as
1476 we do for A above. */
1477 signmask = ((~ howto->src_mask) >> 1) & howto->src_mask;
1479 /* Set all the bits above the sign bit. */
1480 b = (b ^ signmask) - signmask;
1482 b = (b & addrmask) >> bitpos;
1484 /* Now we can do the addition. */
1487 /* See if the result has the correct sign. Bits above the
1488 sign bit are junk now; ignore them. If the sum is
1489 positive, make sure we did not have all negative inputs;
1490 if the sum is negative, make sure we did not have all
1491 positive inputs. The test below looks only at the sign
1492 bits, and it really just
1493 SIGN (A) == SIGN (B) && SIGN (A) != SIGN (SUM)
1495 signmask = (fieldmask >> 1) + 1;
1496 if (((~ (a ^ b)) & (a ^ sum)) & signmask)
1497 flag = bfd_reloc_overflow;
1501 case complain_overflow_unsigned:
1502 /* Checking for an unsigned overflow is relatively easy:
1503 trim the addresses and add, and trim the result as well.
1504 Overflow is normally indicated when the result does not
1505 fit in the field. However, we also need to consider the
1506 case when, e.g., fieldmask is 0x7fffffff or smaller, an
1507 input is 0x80000000, and bfd_vma is only 32 bits; then we
1508 will get sum == 0, but there is an overflow, since the
1509 inputs did not fit in the field. Instead of doing a
1510 separate test, we can check for this by or-ing in the
1511 operands when testing for the sum overflowing its final
1513 a = (a & addrmask) >> rightshift;
1514 b = (b & addrmask) >> bitpos;
1515 sum = (a + b) & addrmask;
1516 if ((a | b | sum) & ~ fieldmask)
1517 flag = bfd_reloc_overflow;
1521 case complain_overflow_bitfield:
1522 /* Much like the signed check, but for a field one bit
1523 wider, and no trimming inputs with addrmask. We allow a
1524 bitfield to represent numbers in the range -2**n to
1525 2**n-1, where n is the number of bits in the field.
1526 Note that when bfd_vma is 32 bits, a 32-bit reloc can't
1527 overflow, which is exactly what we want. */
1530 signmask = ~ fieldmask;
1532 if (ss != 0 && ss != (((bfd_vma) -1 >> rightshift) & signmask))
1533 flag = bfd_reloc_overflow;
1535 signmask = ((~ howto->src_mask) >> 1) & howto->src_mask;
1536 b = (b ^ signmask) - signmask;
1542 /* We mask with addrmask here to explicitly allow an address
1543 wrap-around. The Linux kernel relies on it, and it is
1544 the only way to write assembler code which can run when
1545 loaded at a location 0x80000000 away from the location at
1546 which it is linked. */
1547 signmask = fieldmask + 1;
1548 if (((~ (a ^ b)) & (a ^ sum)) & signmask & addrmask)
1549 flag = bfd_reloc_overflow;
1558 /* Put RELOCATION in the right bits. */
1559 relocation >>= (bfd_vma) rightshift;
1560 relocation <<= (bfd_vma) bitpos;
1562 /* Add RELOCATION to the right bits of X. */
1563 x = ((x & ~howto->dst_mask)
1564 | (((x & howto->src_mask) + relocation) & howto->dst_mask));
1566 /* Put the relocated value back in the object file. */
1573 bfd_put_8 (input_bfd, x, location);
1576 bfd_put_16 (input_bfd, x, location);
1579 bfd_put_32 (input_bfd, x, location);
1583 bfd_put_64 (input_bfd, x, location);
1596 howto manager, , typedef arelent, Relocations
1601 When an application wants to create a relocation, but doesn't
1602 know what the target machine might call it, it can find out by
1603 using this bit of code.
1612 The insides of a reloc code. The idea is that, eventually, there
1613 will be one enumerator for every type of relocation we ever do.
1614 Pass one of these values to <<bfd_reloc_type_lookup>>, and it'll
1615 return a howto pointer.
1617 This does mean that the application must determine the correct
1618 enumerator value; you can't get a howto pointer from a random set
1639 Basic absolute relocations of N bits.
1654 PC-relative relocations. Sometimes these are relative to the address
1655 of the relocation itself; sometimes they are relative to the start of
1656 the section containing the relocation. It depends on the specific target.
1658 The 24-bit relocation is used in some Intel 960 configurations.
1661 BFD_RELOC_32_GOT_PCREL
1663 BFD_RELOC_16_GOT_PCREL
1665 BFD_RELOC_8_GOT_PCREL
1671 BFD_RELOC_LO16_GOTOFF
1673 BFD_RELOC_HI16_GOTOFF
1675 BFD_RELOC_HI16_S_GOTOFF
1679 BFD_RELOC_64_PLT_PCREL
1681 BFD_RELOC_32_PLT_PCREL
1683 BFD_RELOC_24_PLT_PCREL
1685 BFD_RELOC_16_PLT_PCREL
1687 BFD_RELOC_8_PLT_PCREL
1695 BFD_RELOC_LO16_PLTOFF
1697 BFD_RELOC_HI16_PLTOFF
1699 BFD_RELOC_HI16_S_PLTOFF
1706 BFD_RELOC_68K_GLOB_DAT
1708 BFD_RELOC_68K_JMP_SLOT
1710 BFD_RELOC_68K_RELATIVE
1712 Relocations used by 68K ELF.
1715 BFD_RELOC_32_BASEREL
1717 BFD_RELOC_16_BASEREL
1719 BFD_RELOC_LO16_BASEREL
1721 BFD_RELOC_HI16_BASEREL
1723 BFD_RELOC_HI16_S_BASEREL
1729 Linkage-table relative.
1734 Absolute 8-bit relocation, but used to form an address like 0xFFnn.
1737 BFD_RELOC_32_PCREL_S2
1739 BFD_RELOC_16_PCREL_S2
1741 BFD_RELOC_23_PCREL_S2
1743 These PC-relative relocations are stored as word displacements --
1744 i.e., byte displacements shifted right two bits. The 30-bit word
1745 displacement (<<32_PCREL_S2>> -- 32 bits, shifted 2) is used on the
1746 SPARC. (SPARC tools generally refer to this as <<WDISP30>>.) The
1747 signed 16-bit displacement is used on the MIPS, and the 23-bit
1748 displacement is used on the Alpha.
1755 High 22 bits and low 10 bits of 32-bit value, placed into lower bits of
1756 the target word. These are used on the SPARC.
1763 For systems that allocate a Global Pointer register, these are
1764 displacements off that register. These relocation types are
1765 handled specially, because the value the register will have is
1766 decided relatively late.
1769 BFD_RELOC_I960_CALLJ
1771 Reloc types used for i960/b.out.
1776 BFD_RELOC_SPARC_WDISP22
1782 BFD_RELOC_SPARC_GOT10
1784 BFD_RELOC_SPARC_GOT13
1786 BFD_RELOC_SPARC_GOT22
1788 BFD_RELOC_SPARC_PC10
1790 BFD_RELOC_SPARC_PC22
1792 BFD_RELOC_SPARC_WPLT30
1794 BFD_RELOC_SPARC_COPY
1796 BFD_RELOC_SPARC_GLOB_DAT
1798 BFD_RELOC_SPARC_JMP_SLOT
1800 BFD_RELOC_SPARC_RELATIVE
1802 BFD_RELOC_SPARC_UA16
1804 BFD_RELOC_SPARC_UA32
1806 BFD_RELOC_SPARC_UA64
1808 SPARC ELF relocations. There is probably some overlap with other
1809 relocation types already defined.
1812 BFD_RELOC_SPARC_BASE13
1814 BFD_RELOC_SPARC_BASE22
1816 I think these are specific to SPARC a.out (e.g., Sun 4).
1826 BFD_RELOC_SPARC_OLO10
1828 BFD_RELOC_SPARC_HH22
1830 BFD_RELOC_SPARC_HM10
1832 BFD_RELOC_SPARC_LM22
1834 BFD_RELOC_SPARC_PC_HH22
1836 BFD_RELOC_SPARC_PC_HM10
1838 BFD_RELOC_SPARC_PC_LM22
1840 BFD_RELOC_SPARC_WDISP16
1842 BFD_RELOC_SPARC_WDISP19
1850 BFD_RELOC_SPARC_DISP64
1853 BFD_RELOC_SPARC_PLT32
1855 BFD_RELOC_SPARC_PLT64
1857 BFD_RELOC_SPARC_HIX22
1859 BFD_RELOC_SPARC_LOX10
1867 BFD_RELOC_SPARC_REGISTER
1872 BFD_RELOC_SPARC_REV32
1874 SPARC little endian relocation
1877 BFD_RELOC_ALPHA_GPDISP_HI16
1879 Alpha ECOFF and ELF relocations. Some of these treat the symbol or
1880 "addend" in some special way.
1881 For GPDISP_HI16 ("gpdisp") relocations, the symbol is ignored when
1882 writing; when reading, it will be the absolute section symbol. The
1883 addend is the displacement in bytes of the "lda" instruction from
1884 the "ldah" instruction (which is at the address of this reloc).
1886 BFD_RELOC_ALPHA_GPDISP_LO16
1888 For GPDISP_LO16 ("ignore") relocations, the symbol is handled as
1889 with GPDISP_HI16 relocs. The addend is ignored when writing the
1890 relocations out, and is filled in with the file's GP value on
1891 reading, for convenience.
1894 BFD_RELOC_ALPHA_GPDISP
1896 The ELF GPDISP relocation is exactly the same as the GPDISP_HI16
1897 relocation except that there is no accompanying GPDISP_LO16
1901 BFD_RELOC_ALPHA_LITERAL
1903 BFD_RELOC_ALPHA_ELF_LITERAL
1905 BFD_RELOC_ALPHA_LITUSE
1907 The Alpha LITERAL/LITUSE relocs are produced by a symbol reference;
1908 the assembler turns it into a LDQ instruction to load the address of
1909 the symbol, and then fills in a register in the real instruction.
1911 The LITERAL reloc, at the LDQ instruction, refers to the .lita
1912 section symbol. The addend is ignored when writing, but is filled
1913 in with the file's GP value on reading, for convenience, as with the
1916 The ELF_LITERAL reloc is somewhere between 16_GOTOFF and GPDISP_LO16.
1917 It should refer to the symbol to be referenced, as with 16_GOTOFF,
1918 but it generates output not based on the position within the .got
1919 section, but relative to the GP value chosen for the file during the
1922 The LITUSE reloc, on the instruction using the loaded address, gives
1923 information to the linker that it might be able to use to optimize
1924 away some literal section references. The symbol is ignored (read
1925 as the absolute section symbol), and the "addend" indicates the type
1926 of instruction using the register:
1927 1 - "memory" fmt insn
1928 2 - byte-manipulation (byte offset reg)
1929 3 - jsr (target of branch)
1932 BFD_RELOC_ALPHA_HINT
1934 The HINT relocation indicates a value that should be filled into the
1935 "hint" field of a jmp/jsr/ret instruction, for possible branch-
1936 prediction logic which may be provided on some processors.
1939 BFD_RELOC_ALPHA_LINKAGE
1941 The LINKAGE relocation outputs a linkage pair in the object file,
1942 which is filled by the linker.
1945 BFD_RELOC_ALPHA_CODEADDR
1947 The CODEADDR relocation outputs a STO_CA in the object file,
1948 which is filled by the linker.
1951 BFD_RELOC_ALPHA_GPREL_HI16
1953 BFD_RELOC_ALPHA_GPREL_LO16
1955 The GPREL_HI/LO relocations together form a 32-bit offset from the
1959 BFD_RELOC_ALPHA_BRSGP
1961 Like BFD_RELOC_23_PCREL_S2, except that the source and target must
1962 share a common GP, and the target address is adjusted for
1963 STO_ALPHA_STD_GPLOAD.
1968 Bits 27..2 of the relocation address shifted right 2 bits;
1969 simple reloc otherwise.
1972 BFD_RELOC_MIPS16_JMP
1974 The MIPS16 jump instruction.
1977 BFD_RELOC_MIPS16_GPREL
1979 MIPS16 GP relative reloc.
1984 High 16 bits of 32-bit value; simple reloc.
1988 High 16 bits of 32-bit value but the low 16 bits will be sign
1989 extended and added to form the final result. If the low 16
1990 bits form a negative number, we need to add one to the high value
1991 to compensate for the borrow when the low bits are added.
1997 BFD_RELOC_PCREL_HI16_S
1999 Like BFD_RELOC_HI16_S, but PC relative.
2001 BFD_RELOC_PCREL_LO16
2003 Like BFD_RELOC_LO16, but PC relative.
2006 BFD_RELOC_MIPS_LITERAL
2008 Relocation against a MIPS literal section.
2011 BFD_RELOC_MIPS_GOT16
2013 BFD_RELOC_MIPS_CALL16
2015 BFD_RELOC_MIPS_GOT_HI16
2017 BFD_RELOC_MIPS_GOT_LO16
2019 BFD_RELOC_MIPS_CALL_HI16
2021 BFD_RELOC_MIPS_CALL_LO16
2025 BFD_RELOC_MIPS_GOT_PAGE
2027 BFD_RELOC_MIPS_GOT_OFST
2029 BFD_RELOC_MIPS_GOT_DISP
2031 BFD_RELOC_MIPS_SHIFT5
2033 BFD_RELOC_MIPS_SHIFT6
2035 BFD_RELOC_MIPS_INSERT_A
2037 BFD_RELOC_MIPS_INSERT_B
2039 BFD_RELOC_MIPS_DELETE
2041 BFD_RELOC_MIPS_HIGHEST
2043 BFD_RELOC_MIPS_HIGHER
2045 BFD_RELOC_MIPS_SCN_DISP
2047 BFD_RELOC_MIPS_REL16
2049 BFD_RELOC_MIPS_RELGOT
2055 MIPS ELF relocations.
2066 BFD_RELOC_386_GLOB_DAT
2068 BFD_RELOC_386_JUMP_SLOT
2070 BFD_RELOC_386_RELATIVE
2072 BFD_RELOC_386_GOTOFF
2076 BFD_RELOC_386_TLS_LE
2078 BFD_RELOC_386_TLS_GD
2080 BFD_RELOC_386_TLS_LDM
2082 BFD_RELOC_386_TLS_LDO_32
2084 BFD_RELOC_386_TLS_IE_32
2086 BFD_RELOC_386_TLS_LE_32
2088 BFD_RELOC_386_TLS_DTPMOD32
2090 BFD_RELOC_386_TLS_DTPOFF32
2092 BFD_RELOC_386_TLS_TPOFF32
2094 i386/elf relocations
2097 BFD_RELOC_X86_64_GOT32
2099 BFD_RELOC_X86_64_PLT32
2101 BFD_RELOC_X86_64_COPY
2103 BFD_RELOC_X86_64_GLOB_DAT
2105 BFD_RELOC_X86_64_JUMP_SLOT
2107 BFD_RELOC_X86_64_RELATIVE
2109 BFD_RELOC_X86_64_GOTPCREL
2111 BFD_RELOC_X86_64_32S
2113 x86-64/elf relocations
2116 BFD_RELOC_NS32K_IMM_8
2118 BFD_RELOC_NS32K_IMM_16
2120 BFD_RELOC_NS32K_IMM_32
2122 BFD_RELOC_NS32K_IMM_8_PCREL
2124 BFD_RELOC_NS32K_IMM_16_PCREL
2126 BFD_RELOC_NS32K_IMM_32_PCREL
2128 BFD_RELOC_NS32K_DISP_8
2130 BFD_RELOC_NS32K_DISP_16
2132 BFD_RELOC_NS32K_DISP_32
2134 BFD_RELOC_NS32K_DISP_8_PCREL
2136 BFD_RELOC_NS32K_DISP_16_PCREL
2138 BFD_RELOC_NS32K_DISP_32_PCREL
2143 BFD_RELOC_PDP11_DISP_8_PCREL
2145 BFD_RELOC_PDP11_DISP_6_PCREL
2150 BFD_RELOC_PJ_CODE_HI16
2152 BFD_RELOC_PJ_CODE_LO16
2154 BFD_RELOC_PJ_CODE_DIR16
2156 BFD_RELOC_PJ_CODE_DIR32
2158 BFD_RELOC_PJ_CODE_REL16
2160 BFD_RELOC_PJ_CODE_REL32
2162 Picojava relocs. Not all of these appear in object files.
2173 BFD_RELOC_PPC_B16_BRTAKEN
2175 BFD_RELOC_PPC_B16_BRNTAKEN
2179 BFD_RELOC_PPC_BA16_BRTAKEN
2181 BFD_RELOC_PPC_BA16_BRNTAKEN
2185 BFD_RELOC_PPC_GLOB_DAT
2187 BFD_RELOC_PPC_JMP_SLOT
2189 BFD_RELOC_PPC_RELATIVE
2191 BFD_RELOC_PPC_LOCAL24PC
2193 BFD_RELOC_PPC_EMB_NADDR32
2195 BFD_RELOC_PPC_EMB_NADDR16
2197 BFD_RELOC_PPC_EMB_NADDR16_LO
2199 BFD_RELOC_PPC_EMB_NADDR16_HI
2201 BFD_RELOC_PPC_EMB_NADDR16_HA
2203 BFD_RELOC_PPC_EMB_SDAI16
2205 BFD_RELOC_PPC_EMB_SDA2I16
2207 BFD_RELOC_PPC_EMB_SDA2REL
2209 BFD_RELOC_PPC_EMB_SDA21
2211 BFD_RELOC_PPC_EMB_MRKREF
2213 BFD_RELOC_PPC_EMB_RELSEC16
2215 BFD_RELOC_PPC_EMB_RELST_LO
2217 BFD_RELOC_PPC_EMB_RELST_HI
2219 BFD_RELOC_PPC_EMB_RELST_HA
2221 BFD_RELOC_PPC_EMB_BIT_FLD
2223 BFD_RELOC_PPC_EMB_RELSDA
2225 BFD_RELOC_PPC64_HIGHER
2227 BFD_RELOC_PPC64_HIGHER_S
2229 BFD_RELOC_PPC64_HIGHEST
2231 BFD_RELOC_PPC64_HIGHEST_S
2233 BFD_RELOC_PPC64_TOC16_LO
2235 BFD_RELOC_PPC64_TOC16_HI
2237 BFD_RELOC_PPC64_TOC16_HA
2241 BFD_RELOC_PPC64_PLTGOT16
2243 BFD_RELOC_PPC64_PLTGOT16_LO
2245 BFD_RELOC_PPC64_PLTGOT16_HI
2247 BFD_RELOC_PPC64_PLTGOT16_HA
2249 BFD_RELOC_PPC64_ADDR16_DS
2251 BFD_RELOC_PPC64_ADDR16_LO_DS
2253 BFD_RELOC_PPC64_GOT16_DS
2255 BFD_RELOC_PPC64_GOT16_LO_DS
2257 BFD_RELOC_PPC64_PLT16_LO_DS
2259 BFD_RELOC_PPC64_SECTOFF_DS
2261 BFD_RELOC_PPC64_SECTOFF_LO_DS
2263 BFD_RELOC_PPC64_TOC16_DS
2265 BFD_RELOC_PPC64_TOC16_LO_DS
2267 BFD_RELOC_PPC64_PLTGOT16_DS
2269 BFD_RELOC_PPC64_PLTGOT16_LO_DS
2271 Power(rs6000) and PowerPC relocations.
2276 IBM 370/390 relocations
2281 The type of reloc used to build a contructor table - at the moment
2282 probably a 32 bit wide absolute relocation, but the target can choose.
2283 It generally does map to one of the other relocation types.
2286 BFD_RELOC_ARM_PCREL_BRANCH
2288 ARM 26 bit pc-relative branch. The lowest two bits must be zero and are
2289 not stored in the instruction.
2291 BFD_RELOC_ARM_PCREL_BLX
2293 ARM 26 bit pc-relative branch. The lowest bit must be zero and is
2294 not stored in the instruction. The 2nd lowest bit comes from a 1 bit
2295 field in the instruction.
2297 BFD_RELOC_THUMB_PCREL_BLX
2299 Thumb 22 bit pc-relative branch. The lowest bit must be zero and is
2300 not stored in the instruction. The 2nd lowest bit comes from a 1 bit
2301 field in the instruction.
2303 BFD_RELOC_ARM_IMMEDIATE
2305 BFD_RELOC_ARM_ADRL_IMMEDIATE
2307 BFD_RELOC_ARM_OFFSET_IMM
2309 BFD_RELOC_ARM_SHIFT_IMM
2315 BFD_RELOC_ARM_CP_OFF_IMM
2317 BFD_RELOC_ARM_ADR_IMM
2319 BFD_RELOC_ARM_LDR_IMM
2321 BFD_RELOC_ARM_LITERAL
2323 BFD_RELOC_ARM_IN_POOL
2325 BFD_RELOC_ARM_OFFSET_IMM8
2327 BFD_RELOC_ARM_HWLITERAL
2329 BFD_RELOC_ARM_THUMB_ADD
2331 BFD_RELOC_ARM_THUMB_IMM
2333 BFD_RELOC_ARM_THUMB_SHIFT
2335 BFD_RELOC_ARM_THUMB_OFFSET
2341 BFD_RELOC_ARM_JUMP_SLOT
2345 BFD_RELOC_ARM_GLOB_DAT
2349 BFD_RELOC_ARM_RELATIVE
2351 BFD_RELOC_ARM_GOTOFF
2355 These relocs are only used within the ARM assembler. They are not
2356 (at present) written to any object files.
2359 BFD_RELOC_SH_PCDISP8BY2
2361 BFD_RELOC_SH_PCDISP12BY2
2365 BFD_RELOC_SH_IMM4BY2
2367 BFD_RELOC_SH_IMM4BY4
2371 BFD_RELOC_SH_IMM8BY2
2373 BFD_RELOC_SH_IMM8BY4
2375 BFD_RELOC_SH_PCRELIMM8BY2
2377 BFD_RELOC_SH_PCRELIMM8BY4
2379 BFD_RELOC_SH_SWITCH16
2381 BFD_RELOC_SH_SWITCH32
2395 BFD_RELOC_SH_LOOP_START
2397 BFD_RELOC_SH_LOOP_END
2401 BFD_RELOC_SH_GLOB_DAT
2403 BFD_RELOC_SH_JMP_SLOT
2405 BFD_RELOC_SH_RELATIVE
2409 BFD_RELOC_SH_GOT_LOW16
2411 BFD_RELOC_SH_GOT_MEDLOW16
2413 BFD_RELOC_SH_GOT_MEDHI16
2415 BFD_RELOC_SH_GOT_HI16
2417 BFD_RELOC_SH_GOTPLT_LOW16
2419 BFD_RELOC_SH_GOTPLT_MEDLOW16
2421 BFD_RELOC_SH_GOTPLT_MEDHI16
2423 BFD_RELOC_SH_GOTPLT_HI16
2425 BFD_RELOC_SH_PLT_LOW16
2427 BFD_RELOC_SH_PLT_MEDLOW16
2429 BFD_RELOC_SH_PLT_MEDHI16
2431 BFD_RELOC_SH_PLT_HI16
2433 BFD_RELOC_SH_GOTOFF_LOW16
2435 BFD_RELOC_SH_GOTOFF_MEDLOW16
2437 BFD_RELOC_SH_GOTOFF_MEDHI16
2439 BFD_RELOC_SH_GOTOFF_HI16
2441 BFD_RELOC_SH_GOTPC_LOW16
2443 BFD_RELOC_SH_GOTPC_MEDLOW16
2445 BFD_RELOC_SH_GOTPC_MEDHI16
2447 BFD_RELOC_SH_GOTPC_HI16
2451 BFD_RELOC_SH_GLOB_DAT64
2453 BFD_RELOC_SH_JMP_SLOT64
2455 BFD_RELOC_SH_RELATIVE64
2457 BFD_RELOC_SH_GOT10BY4
2459 BFD_RELOC_SH_GOT10BY8
2461 BFD_RELOC_SH_GOTPLT10BY4
2463 BFD_RELOC_SH_GOTPLT10BY8
2465 BFD_RELOC_SH_GOTPLT32
2467 BFD_RELOC_SH_SHMEDIA_CODE
2473 BFD_RELOC_SH_IMMS6BY32
2479 BFD_RELOC_SH_IMMS10BY2
2481 BFD_RELOC_SH_IMMS10BY4
2483 BFD_RELOC_SH_IMMS10BY8
2489 BFD_RELOC_SH_IMM_LOW16
2491 BFD_RELOC_SH_IMM_LOW16_PCREL
2493 BFD_RELOC_SH_IMM_MEDLOW16
2495 BFD_RELOC_SH_IMM_MEDLOW16_PCREL
2497 BFD_RELOC_SH_IMM_MEDHI16
2499 BFD_RELOC_SH_IMM_MEDHI16_PCREL
2501 BFD_RELOC_SH_IMM_HI16
2503 BFD_RELOC_SH_IMM_HI16_PCREL
2507 Hitachi SH relocs. Not all of these appear in object files.
2510 BFD_RELOC_THUMB_PCREL_BRANCH9
2512 BFD_RELOC_THUMB_PCREL_BRANCH12
2514 BFD_RELOC_THUMB_PCREL_BRANCH23
2516 Thumb 23-, 12- and 9-bit pc-relative branches. The lowest bit must
2517 be zero and is not stored in the instruction.
2520 BFD_RELOC_ARC_B22_PCREL
2523 ARC 22 bit pc-relative branch. The lowest two bits must be zero and are
2524 not stored in the instruction. The high 20 bits are installed in bits 26
2525 through 7 of the instruction.
2529 ARC 26 bit absolute branch. The lowest two bits must be zero and are not
2530 stored in the instruction. The high 24 bits are installed in bits 23
2534 BFD_RELOC_D10V_10_PCREL_R
2536 Mitsubishi D10V relocs.
2537 This is a 10-bit reloc with the right 2 bits
2540 BFD_RELOC_D10V_10_PCREL_L
2542 Mitsubishi D10V relocs.
2543 This is a 10-bit reloc with the right 2 bits
2544 assumed to be 0. This is the same as the previous reloc
2545 except it is in the left container, i.e.,
2546 shifted left 15 bits.
2550 This is an 18-bit reloc with the right 2 bits
2553 BFD_RELOC_D10V_18_PCREL
2555 This is an 18-bit reloc with the right 2 bits
2561 Mitsubishi D30V relocs.
2562 This is a 6-bit absolute reloc.
2564 BFD_RELOC_D30V_9_PCREL
2566 This is a 6-bit pc-relative reloc with
2567 the right 3 bits assumed to be 0.
2569 BFD_RELOC_D30V_9_PCREL_R
2571 This is a 6-bit pc-relative reloc with
2572 the right 3 bits assumed to be 0. Same
2573 as the previous reloc but on the right side
2578 This is a 12-bit absolute reloc with the
2579 right 3 bitsassumed to be 0.
2581 BFD_RELOC_D30V_15_PCREL
2583 This is a 12-bit pc-relative reloc with
2584 the right 3 bits assumed to be 0.
2586 BFD_RELOC_D30V_15_PCREL_R
2588 This is a 12-bit pc-relative reloc with
2589 the right 3 bits assumed to be 0. Same
2590 as the previous reloc but on the right side
2595 This is an 18-bit absolute reloc with
2596 the right 3 bits assumed to be 0.
2598 BFD_RELOC_D30V_21_PCREL
2600 This is an 18-bit pc-relative reloc with
2601 the right 3 bits assumed to be 0.
2603 BFD_RELOC_D30V_21_PCREL_R
2605 This is an 18-bit pc-relative reloc with
2606 the right 3 bits assumed to be 0. Same
2607 as the previous reloc but on the right side
2612 This is a 32-bit absolute reloc.
2614 BFD_RELOC_D30V_32_PCREL
2616 This is a 32-bit pc-relative reloc.
2621 Mitsubishi M32R relocs.
2622 This is a 24 bit absolute address.
2624 BFD_RELOC_M32R_10_PCREL
2626 This is a 10-bit pc-relative reloc with the right 2 bits assumed to be 0.
2628 BFD_RELOC_M32R_18_PCREL
2630 This is an 18-bit reloc with the right 2 bits assumed to be 0.
2632 BFD_RELOC_M32R_26_PCREL
2634 This is a 26-bit reloc with the right 2 bits assumed to be 0.
2636 BFD_RELOC_M32R_HI16_ULO
2638 This is a 16-bit reloc containing the high 16 bits of an address
2639 used when the lower 16 bits are treated as unsigned.
2641 BFD_RELOC_M32R_HI16_SLO
2643 This is a 16-bit reloc containing the high 16 bits of an address
2644 used when the lower 16 bits are treated as signed.
2648 This is a 16-bit reloc containing the lower 16 bits of an address.
2650 BFD_RELOC_M32R_SDA16
2652 This is a 16-bit reloc containing the small data area offset for use in
2653 add3, load, and store instructions.
2656 BFD_RELOC_V850_9_PCREL
2658 This is a 9-bit reloc
2660 BFD_RELOC_V850_22_PCREL
2662 This is a 22-bit reloc
2665 BFD_RELOC_V850_SDA_16_16_OFFSET
2667 This is a 16 bit offset from the short data area pointer.
2669 BFD_RELOC_V850_SDA_15_16_OFFSET
2671 This is a 16 bit offset (of which only 15 bits are used) from the
2672 short data area pointer.
2674 BFD_RELOC_V850_ZDA_16_16_OFFSET
2676 This is a 16 bit offset from the zero data area pointer.
2678 BFD_RELOC_V850_ZDA_15_16_OFFSET
2680 This is a 16 bit offset (of which only 15 bits are used) from the
2681 zero data area pointer.
2683 BFD_RELOC_V850_TDA_6_8_OFFSET
2685 This is an 8 bit offset (of which only 6 bits are used) from the
2686 tiny data area pointer.
2688 BFD_RELOC_V850_TDA_7_8_OFFSET
2690 This is an 8bit offset (of which only 7 bits are used) from the tiny
2693 BFD_RELOC_V850_TDA_7_7_OFFSET
2695 This is a 7 bit offset from the tiny data area pointer.
2697 BFD_RELOC_V850_TDA_16_16_OFFSET
2699 This is a 16 bit offset from the tiny data area pointer.
2702 BFD_RELOC_V850_TDA_4_5_OFFSET
2704 This is a 5 bit offset (of which only 4 bits are used) from the tiny
2707 BFD_RELOC_V850_TDA_4_4_OFFSET
2709 This is a 4 bit offset from the tiny data area pointer.
2711 BFD_RELOC_V850_SDA_16_16_SPLIT_OFFSET
2713 This is a 16 bit offset from the short data area pointer, with the
2714 bits placed non-contigously in the instruction.
2716 BFD_RELOC_V850_ZDA_16_16_SPLIT_OFFSET
2718 This is a 16 bit offset from the zero data area pointer, with the
2719 bits placed non-contigously in the instruction.
2721 BFD_RELOC_V850_CALLT_6_7_OFFSET
2723 This is a 6 bit offset from the call table base pointer.
2725 BFD_RELOC_V850_CALLT_16_16_OFFSET
2727 This is a 16 bit offset from the call table base pointer.
2731 BFD_RELOC_MN10300_32_PCREL
2733 This is a 32bit pcrel reloc for the mn10300, offset by two bytes in the
2736 BFD_RELOC_MN10300_16_PCREL
2738 This is a 16bit pcrel reloc for the mn10300, offset by two bytes in the
2744 This is a 8bit DP reloc for the tms320c30, where the most
2745 significant 8 bits of a 24 bit word are placed into the least
2746 significant 8 bits of the opcode.
2749 BFD_RELOC_TIC54X_PARTLS7
2751 This is a 7bit reloc for the tms320c54x, where the least
2752 significant 7 bits of a 16 bit word are placed into the least
2753 significant 7 bits of the opcode.
2756 BFD_RELOC_TIC54X_PARTMS9
2758 This is a 9bit DP reloc for the tms320c54x, where the most
2759 significant 9 bits of a 16 bit word are placed into the least
2760 significant 9 bits of the opcode.
2765 This is an extended address 23-bit reloc for the tms320c54x.
2768 BFD_RELOC_TIC54X_16_OF_23
2770 This is a 16-bit reloc for the tms320c54x, where the least
2771 significant 16 bits of a 23-bit extended address are placed into
2775 BFD_RELOC_TIC54X_MS7_OF_23
2777 This is a reloc for the tms320c54x, where the most
2778 significant 7 bits of a 23-bit extended address are placed into
2784 This is a 48 bit reloc for the FR30 that stores 32 bits.
2788 This is a 32 bit reloc for the FR30 that stores 20 bits split up into
2791 BFD_RELOC_FR30_6_IN_4
2793 This is a 16 bit reloc for the FR30 that stores a 6 bit word offset in
2796 BFD_RELOC_FR30_8_IN_8
2798 This is a 16 bit reloc for the FR30 that stores an 8 bit byte offset
2801 BFD_RELOC_FR30_9_IN_8
2803 This is a 16 bit reloc for the FR30 that stores a 9 bit short offset
2806 BFD_RELOC_FR30_10_IN_8
2808 This is a 16 bit reloc for the FR30 that stores a 10 bit word offset
2811 BFD_RELOC_FR30_9_PCREL
2813 This is a 16 bit reloc for the FR30 that stores a 9 bit pc relative
2814 short offset into 8 bits.
2816 BFD_RELOC_FR30_12_PCREL
2818 This is a 16 bit reloc for the FR30 that stores a 12 bit pc relative
2819 short offset into 11 bits.
2822 BFD_RELOC_MCORE_PCREL_IMM8BY4
2824 BFD_RELOC_MCORE_PCREL_IMM11BY2
2826 BFD_RELOC_MCORE_PCREL_IMM4BY2
2828 BFD_RELOC_MCORE_PCREL_32
2830 BFD_RELOC_MCORE_PCREL_JSR_IMM11BY2
2834 Motorola Mcore relocations.
2839 BFD_RELOC_MMIX_GETA_1
2841 BFD_RELOC_MMIX_GETA_2
2843 BFD_RELOC_MMIX_GETA_3
2845 These are relocations for the GETA instruction.
2847 BFD_RELOC_MMIX_CBRANCH
2849 BFD_RELOC_MMIX_CBRANCH_J
2851 BFD_RELOC_MMIX_CBRANCH_1
2853 BFD_RELOC_MMIX_CBRANCH_2
2855 BFD_RELOC_MMIX_CBRANCH_3
2857 These are relocations for a conditional branch instruction.
2859 BFD_RELOC_MMIX_PUSHJ
2861 BFD_RELOC_MMIX_PUSHJ_1
2863 BFD_RELOC_MMIX_PUSHJ_2
2865 BFD_RELOC_MMIX_PUSHJ_3
2867 These are relocations for the PUSHJ instruction.
2871 BFD_RELOC_MMIX_JMP_1
2873 BFD_RELOC_MMIX_JMP_2
2875 BFD_RELOC_MMIX_JMP_3
2877 These are relocations for the JMP instruction.
2879 BFD_RELOC_MMIX_ADDR19
2881 This is a relocation for a relative address as in a GETA instruction or
2884 BFD_RELOC_MMIX_ADDR27
2886 This is a relocation for a relative address as in a JMP instruction.
2888 BFD_RELOC_MMIX_REG_OR_BYTE
2890 This is a relocation for an instruction field that may be a general
2891 register or a value 0..255.
2895 This is a relocation for an instruction field that may be a general
2898 BFD_RELOC_MMIX_BASE_PLUS_OFFSET
2900 This is a relocation for two instruction fields holding a register and
2901 an offset, the equivalent of the relocation.
2903 BFD_RELOC_MMIX_LOCAL
2905 This relocation is an assertion that the expression is not allocated as
2906 a global register. It does not modify contents.
2909 BFD_RELOC_AVR_7_PCREL
2911 This is a 16 bit reloc for the AVR that stores 8 bit pc relative
2912 short offset into 7 bits.
2914 BFD_RELOC_AVR_13_PCREL
2916 This is a 16 bit reloc for the AVR that stores 13 bit pc relative
2917 short offset into 12 bits.
2921 This is a 16 bit reloc for the AVR that stores 17 bit value (usually
2922 program memory address) into 16 bits.
2924 BFD_RELOC_AVR_LO8_LDI
2926 This is a 16 bit reloc for the AVR that stores 8 bit value (usually
2927 data memory address) into 8 bit immediate value of LDI insn.
2929 BFD_RELOC_AVR_HI8_LDI
2931 This is a 16 bit reloc for the AVR that stores 8 bit value (high 8 bit
2932 of data memory address) into 8 bit immediate value of LDI insn.
2934 BFD_RELOC_AVR_HH8_LDI
2936 This is a 16 bit reloc for the AVR that stores 8 bit value (most high 8 bit
2937 of program memory address) into 8 bit immediate value of LDI insn.
2939 BFD_RELOC_AVR_LO8_LDI_NEG
2941 This is a 16 bit reloc for the AVR that stores negated 8 bit value
2942 (usually data memory address) into 8 bit immediate value of SUBI insn.
2944 BFD_RELOC_AVR_HI8_LDI_NEG
2946 This is a 16 bit reloc for the AVR that stores negated 8 bit value
2947 (high 8 bit of data memory address) into 8 bit immediate value of
2950 BFD_RELOC_AVR_HH8_LDI_NEG
2952 This is a 16 bit reloc for the AVR that stores negated 8 bit value
2953 (most high 8 bit of program memory address) into 8 bit immediate value
2954 of LDI or SUBI insn.
2956 BFD_RELOC_AVR_LO8_LDI_PM
2958 This is a 16 bit reloc for the AVR that stores 8 bit value (usually
2959 command address) into 8 bit immediate value of LDI insn.
2961 BFD_RELOC_AVR_HI8_LDI_PM
2963 This is a 16 bit reloc for the AVR that stores 8 bit value (high 8 bit
2964 of command address) into 8 bit immediate value of LDI insn.
2966 BFD_RELOC_AVR_HH8_LDI_PM
2968 This is a 16 bit reloc for the AVR that stores 8 bit value (most high 8 bit
2969 of command address) into 8 bit immediate value of LDI insn.
2971 BFD_RELOC_AVR_LO8_LDI_PM_NEG
2973 This is a 16 bit reloc for the AVR that stores negated 8 bit value
2974 (usually command address) into 8 bit immediate value of SUBI insn.
2976 BFD_RELOC_AVR_HI8_LDI_PM_NEG
2978 This is a 16 bit reloc for the AVR that stores negated 8 bit value
2979 (high 8 bit of 16 bit command address) into 8 bit immediate value
2982 BFD_RELOC_AVR_HH8_LDI_PM_NEG
2984 This is a 16 bit reloc for the AVR that stores negated 8 bit value
2985 (high 6 bit of 22 bit command address) into 8 bit immediate
2990 This is a 32 bit reloc for the AVR that stores 23 bit value
3004 32 bit PC relative PLT address.
3008 Copy symbol at runtime.
3010 BFD_RELOC_390_GLOB_DAT
3014 BFD_RELOC_390_JMP_SLOT
3018 BFD_RELOC_390_RELATIVE
3020 Adjust by program base.
3024 32 bit PC relative offset to GOT.
3030 BFD_RELOC_390_PC16DBL
3032 PC relative 16 bit shifted by 1.
3034 BFD_RELOC_390_PLT16DBL
3036 16 bit PC rel. PLT shifted by 1.
3038 BFD_RELOC_390_PC32DBL
3040 PC relative 32 bit shifted by 1.
3042 BFD_RELOC_390_PLT32DBL
3044 32 bit PC rel. PLT shifted by 1.
3046 BFD_RELOC_390_GOTPCDBL
3048 32 bit PC rel. GOT shifted by 1.
3056 64 bit PC relative PLT address.
3058 BFD_RELOC_390_GOTENT
3060 32 bit rel. offset to GOT entry.
3063 BFD_RELOC_VTABLE_INHERIT
3065 BFD_RELOC_VTABLE_ENTRY
3067 These two relocations are used by the linker to determine which of
3068 the entries in a C++ virtual function table are actually used. When
3069 the --gc-sections option is given, the linker will zero out the entries
3070 that are not used, so that the code for those functions need not be
3071 included in the output.
3073 VTABLE_INHERIT is a zero-space relocation used to describe to the
3074 linker the inheritence tree of a C++ virtual function table. The
3075 relocation's symbol should be the parent class' vtable, and the
3076 relocation should be located at the child vtable.
3078 VTABLE_ENTRY is a zero-space relocation that describes the use of a
3079 virtual function table entry. The reloc's symbol should refer to the
3080 table of the class mentioned in the code. Off of that base, an offset
3081 describes the entry that is being used. For Rela hosts, this offset
3082 is stored in the reloc's addend. For Rel hosts, we are forced to put
3083 this offset in the reloc's section offset.
3086 BFD_RELOC_IA64_IMM14
3088 BFD_RELOC_IA64_IMM22
3090 BFD_RELOC_IA64_IMM64
3092 BFD_RELOC_IA64_DIR32MSB
3094 BFD_RELOC_IA64_DIR32LSB
3096 BFD_RELOC_IA64_DIR64MSB
3098 BFD_RELOC_IA64_DIR64LSB
3100 BFD_RELOC_IA64_GPREL22
3102 BFD_RELOC_IA64_GPREL64I
3104 BFD_RELOC_IA64_GPREL32MSB
3106 BFD_RELOC_IA64_GPREL32LSB
3108 BFD_RELOC_IA64_GPREL64MSB
3110 BFD_RELOC_IA64_GPREL64LSB
3112 BFD_RELOC_IA64_LTOFF22
3114 BFD_RELOC_IA64_LTOFF64I
3116 BFD_RELOC_IA64_PLTOFF22
3118 BFD_RELOC_IA64_PLTOFF64I
3120 BFD_RELOC_IA64_PLTOFF64MSB
3122 BFD_RELOC_IA64_PLTOFF64LSB
3124 BFD_RELOC_IA64_FPTR64I
3126 BFD_RELOC_IA64_FPTR32MSB
3128 BFD_RELOC_IA64_FPTR32LSB
3130 BFD_RELOC_IA64_FPTR64MSB
3132 BFD_RELOC_IA64_FPTR64LSB
3134 BFD_RELOC_IA64_PCREL21B
3136 BFD_RELOC_IA64_PCREL21BI
3138 BFD_RELOC_IA64_PCREL21M
3140 BFD_RELOC_IA64_PCREL21F
3142 BFD_RELOC_IA64_PCREL22
3144 BFD_RELOC_IA64_PCREL60B
3146 BFD_RELOC_IA64_PCREL64I
3148 BFD_RELOC_IA64_PCREL32MSB
3150 BFD_RELOC_IA64_PCREL32LSB
3152 BFD_RELOC_IA64_PCREL64MSB
3154 BFD_RELOC_IA64_PCREL64LSB
3156 BFD_RELOC_IA64_LTOFF_FPTR22
3158 BFD_RELOC_IA64_LTOFF_FPTR64I
3160 BFD_RELOC_IA64_LTOFF_FPTR32MSB
3162 BFD_RELOC_IA64_LTOFF_FPTR32LSB
3164 BFD_RELOC_IA64_LTOFF_FPTR64MSB
3166 BFD_RELOC_IA64_LTOFF_FPTR64LSB
3168 BFD_RELOC_IA64_SEGREL32MSB
3170 BFD_RELOC_IA64_SEGREL32LSB
3172 BFD_RELOC_IA64_SEGREL64MSB
3174 BFD_RELOC_IA64_SEGREL64LSB
3176 BFD_RELOC_IA64_SECREL32MSB
3178 BFD_RELOC_IA64_SECREL32LSB
3180 BFD_RELOC_IA64_SECREL64MSB
3182 BFD_RELOC_IA64_SECREL64LSB
3184 BFD_RELOC_IA64_REL32MSB
3186 BFD_RELOC_IA64_REL32LSB
3188 BFD_RELOC_IA64_REL64MSB
3190 BFD_RELOC_IA64_REL64LSB
3192 BFD_RELOC_IA64_LTV32MSB
3194 BFD_RELOC_IA64_LTV32LSB
3196 BFD_RELOC_IA64_LTV64MSB
3198 BFD_RELOC_IA64_LTV64LSB
3200 BFD_RELOC_IA64_IPLTMSB
3202 BFD_RELOC_IA64_IPLTLSB
3206 BFD_RELOC_IA64_LTOFF22X
3208 BFD_RELOC_IA64_LDXMOV
3210 BFD_RELOC_IA64_TPREL14
3212 BFD_RELOC_IA64_TPREL22
3214 BFD_RELOC_IA64_TPREL64I
3216 BFD_RELOC_IA64_TPREL64MSB
3218 BFD_RELOC_IA64_TPREL64LSB
3220 BFD_RELOC_IA64_LTOFF_TPREL22
3222 BFD_RELOC_IA64_DTPMOD64MSB
3224 BFD_RELOC_IA64_DTPMOD64LSB
3226 BFD_RELOC_IA64_LTOFF_DTPMOD22
3228 BFD_RELOC_IA64_DTPREL14
3230 BFD_RELOC_IA64_DTPREL22
3232 BFD_RELOC_IA64_DTPREL64I
3234 BFD_RELOC_IA64_DTPREL32MSB
3236 BFD_RELOC_IA64_DTPREL32LSB
3238 BFD_RELOC_IA64_DTPREL64MSB
3240 BFD_RELOC_IA64_DTPREL64LSB
3242 BFD_RELOC_IA64_LTOFF_DTPREL22
3244 Intel IA64 Relocations.
3247 BFD_RELOC_M68HC11_HI8
3249 Motorola 68HC11 reloc.
3250 This is the 8 bits high part of an absolute address.
3252 BFD_RELOC_M68HC11_LO8
3254 Motorola 68HC11 reloc.
3255 This is the 8 bits low part of an absolute address.
3257 BFD_RELOC_M68HC11_3B
3259 Motorola 68HC11 reloc.
3260 This is the 3 bits of a value.
3263 BFD_RELOC_CRIS_BDISP8
3265 BFD_RELOC_CRIS_UNSIGNED_5
3267 BFD_RELOC_CRIS_SIGNED_6
3269 BFD_RELOC_CRIS_UNSIGNED_6
3271 BFD_RELOC_CRIS_UNSIGNED_4
3273 These relocs are only used within the CRIS assembler. They are not
3274 (at present) written to any object files.
3278 BFD_RELOC_CRIS_GLOB_DAT
3280 BFD_RELOC_CRIS_JUMP_SLOT
3282 BFD_RELOC_CRIS_RELATIVE
3284 Relocs used in ELF shared libraries for CRIS.
3286 BFD_RELOC_CRIS_32_GOT
3288 32-bit offset to symbol-entry within GOT.
3290 BFD_RELOC_CRIS_16_GOT
3292 16-bit offset to symbol-entry within GOT.
3294 BFD_RELOC_CRIS_32_GOTPLT
3296 32-bit offset to symbol-entry within GOT, with PLT handling.
3298 BFD_RELOC_CRIS_16_GOTPLT
3300 16-bit offset to symbol-entry within GOT, with PLT handling.
3302 BFD_RELOC_CRIS_32_GOTREL
3304 32-bit offset to symbol, relative to GOT.
3306 BFD_RELOC_CRIS_32_PLT_GOTREL
3308 32-bit offset to symbol with PLT entry, relative to GOT.
3310 BFD_RELOC_CRIS_32_PLT_PCREL
3312 32-bit offset to symbol with PLT entry, relative to this relocation.
3317 BFD_RELOC_860_GLOB_DAT
3319 BFD_RELOC_860_JUMP_SLOT
3321 BFD_RELOC_860_RELATIVE
3331 BFD_RELOC_860_SPLIT0
3335 BFD_RELOC_860_SPLIT1
3339 BFD_RELOC_860_SPLIT2
3343 BFD_RELOC_860_LOGOT0
3345 BFD_RELOC_860_SPGOT0
3347 BFD_RELOC_860_LOGOT1
3349 BFD_RELOC_860_SPGOT1
3351 BFD_RELOC_860_LOGOTOFF0
3353 BFD_RELOC_860_SPGOTOFF0
3355 BFD_RELOC_860_LOGOTOFF1
3357 BFD_RELOC_860_SPGOTOFF1
3359 BFD_RELOC_860_LOGOTOFF2
3361 BFD_RELOC_860_LOGOTOFF3
3365 BFD_RELOC_860_HIGHADJ
3369 BFD_RELOC_860_HAGOTOFF
3377 BFD_RELOC_860_HIGOTOFF
3379 Intel i860 Relocations.
3382 BFD_RELOC_OPENRISC_ABS_26
3384 BFD_RELOC_OPENRISC_REL_26
3386 OpenRISC Relocations.
3389 BFD_RELOC_H8_DIR16A8
3391 BFD_RELOC_H8_DIR16R8
3393 BFD_RELOC_H8_DIR24A8
3395 BFD_RELOC_H8_DIR24R8
3397 BFD_RELOC_H8_DIR32A16
3402 BFD_RELOC_XSTORMY16_REL_12
3404 BFD_RELOC_XSTORMY16_24
3406 BFD_RELOC_XSTORMY16_FPTR16
3408 Sony Xstormy16 Relocations.
3414 .typedef enum bfd_reloc_code_real bfd_reloc_code_real_type;
3419 bfd_reloc_type_lookup
3423 bfd_reloc_type_lookup (bfd *abfd, bfd_reloc_code_real_type code);
3426 Return a pointer to a howto structure which, when
3427 invoked, will perform the relocation @var{code} on data from the
3433 bfd_reloc_type_lookup (abfd, code)
3435 bfd_reloc_code_real_type code;
3437 return BFD_SEND (abfd, reloc_type_lookup, (abfd, code));
3440 static reloc_howto_type bfd_howto_32 =
3441 HOWTO (0, 00, 2, 32, false, 0, complain_overflow_bitfield, 0, "VRT32", false, 0xffffffff, 0xffffffff, true);
3445 bfd_default_reloc_type_lookup
3448 reloc_howto_type *bfd_default_reloc_type_lookup
3449 (bfd *abfd, bfd_reloc_code_real_type code);
3452 Provides a default relocation lookup routine for any architecture.
3457 bfd_default_reloc_type_lookup (abfd, code)
3459 bfd_reloc_code_real_type code;
3463 case BFD_RELOC_CTOR:
3464 /* The type of reloc used in a ctor, which will be as wide as the
3465 address - so either a 64, 32, or 16 bitter. */
3466 switch (bfd_get_arch_info (abfd)->bits_per_address)
3471 return &bfd_howto_32;
3480 return (reloc_howto_type *) NULL;
3485 bfd_get_reloc_code_name
3488 const char *bfd_get_reloc_code_name (bfd_reloc_code_real_type code);
3491 Provides a printable name for the supplied relocation code.
3492 Useful mainly for printing error messages.
3496 bfd_get_reloc_code_name (code)
3497 bfd_reloc_code_real_type code;
3499 if (code > BFD_RELOC_UNUSED)
3501 return bfd_reloc_code_real_names[(int)code];
3506 bfd_generic_relax_section
3509 boolean bfd_generic_relax_section
3512 struct bfd_link_info *,
3516 Provides default handling for relaxing for back ends which
3517 don't do relaxing -- i.e., does nothing.
3521 bfd_generic_relax_section (abfd, section, link_info, again)
3522 bfd *abfd ATTRIBUTE_UNUSED;
3523 asection *section ATTRIBUTE_UNUSED;
3524 struct bfd_link_info *link_info ATTRIBUTE_UNUSED;
3533 bfd_generic_gc_sections
3536 boolean bfd_generic_gc_sections
3537 (bfd *, struct bfd_link_info *);
3540 Provides default handling for relaxing for back ends which
3541 don't do section gc -- i.e., does nothing.
3545 bfd_generic_gc_sections (abfd, link_info)
3546 bfd *abfd ATTRIBUTE_UNUSED;
3547 struct bfd_link_info *link_info ATTRIBUTE_UNUSED;
3554 bfd_generic_merge_sections
3557 boolean bfd_generic_merge_sections
3558 (bfd *, struct bfd_link_info *);
3561 Provides default handling for SEC_MERGE section merging for back ends
3562 which don't have SEC_MERGE support -- i.e., does nothing.
3566 bfd_generic_merge_sections (abfd, link_info)
3567 bfd *abfd ATTRIBUTE_UNUSED;
3568 struct bfd_link_info *link_info ATTRIBUTE_UNUSED;
3575 bfd_generic_get_relocated_section_contents
3579 bfd_generic_get_relocated_section_contents (bfd *abfd,
3580 struct bfd_link_info *link_info,
3581 struct bfd_link_order *link_order,
3583 boolean relocateable,
3587 Provides default handling of relocation effort for back ends
3588 which can't be bothered to do it efficiently.
3593 bfd_generic_get_relocated_section_contents (abfd, link_info, link_order, data,
3594 relocateable, symbols)
3596 struct bfd_link_info *link_info;
3597 struct bfd_link_order *link_order;
3599 boolean relocateable;
3602 /* Get enough memory to hold the stuff. */
3603 bfd *input_bfd = link_order->u.indirect.section->owner;
3604 asection *input_section = link_order->u.indirect.section;
3606 long reloc_size = bfd_get_reloc_upper_bound (input_bfd, input_section);
3607 arelent **reloc_vector = NULL;
3613 reloc_vector = (arelent **) bfd_malloc ((bfd_size_type) reloc_size);
3614 if (reloc_vector == NULL && reloc_size != 0)
3617 /* Read in the section. */
3618 if (!bfd_get_section_contents (input_bfd,
3622 input_section->_raw_size))
3625 /* We're not relaxing the section, so just copy the size info. */
3626 input_section->_cooked_size = input_section->_raw_size;
3627 input_section->reloc_done = true;
3629 reloc_count = bfd_canonicalize_reloc (input_bfd,
3633 if (reloc_count < 0)
3636 if (reloc_count > 0)
3639 for (parent = reloc_vector; *parent != (arelent *) NULL;
3642 char *error_message = (char *) NULL;
3643 bfd_reloc_status_type r =
3644 bfd_perform_relocation (input_bfd,
3648 relocateable ? abfd : (bfd *) NULL,
3653 asection *os = input_section->output_section;
3655 /* A partial link, so keep the relocs. */
3656 os->orelocation[os->reloc_count] = *parent;
3660 if (r != bfd_reloc_ok)
3664 case bfd_reloc_undefined:
3665 if (!((*link_info->callbacks->undefined_symbol)
3666 (link_info, bfd_asymbol_name (*(*parent)->sym_ptr_ptr),
3667 input_bfd, input_section, (*parent)->address,
3671 case bfd_reloc_dangerous:
3672 BFD_ASSERT (error_message != (char *) NULL);
3673 if (!((*link_info->callbacks->reloc_dangerous)
3674 (link_info, error_message, input_bfd, input_section,
3675 (*parent)->address)))
3678 case bfd_reloc_overflow:
3679 if (!((*link_info->callbacks->reloc_overflow)
3680 (link_info, bfd_asymbol_name (*(*parent)->sym_ptr_ptr),
3681 (*parent)->howto->name, (*parent)->addend,
3682 input_bfd, input_section, (*parent)->address)))
3685 case bfd_reloc_outofrange:
3694 if (reloc_vector != NULL)
3695 free (reloc_vector);
3699 if (reloc_vector != NULL)
3700 free (reloc_vector);