1 /* Generic BFD support for file formats.
2 Copyright (C) 1990-2016 Free Software Foundation, Inc.
3 Written by Cygnus Support.
5 This file is part of BFD, the Binary File Descriptor library.
7 This program is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify
8 it under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by
9 the Free Software Foundation; either version 3 of the License, or
10 (at your option) any later version.
12 This program is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,
13 but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
14 MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE. See the
15 GNU General Public License for more details.
17 You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License
18 along with this program; if not, write to the Free Software
19 Foundation, Inc., 51 Franklin Street - Fifth Floor, Boston,
20 MA 02110-1301, USA. */
27 A format is a BFD concept of high level file contents type. The
28 formats supported by BFD are:
32 The BFD may contain data, symbols, relocations and debug info.
36 The BFD contains other BFDs and an optional index.
40 The BFD contains the result of an executable core dump.
50 /* IMPORT from targets.c. */
51 extern const size_t _bfd_target_vector_entries;
58 bfd_boolean bfd_check_format (bfd *abfd, bfd_format format);
61 Verify if the file attached to the BFD @var{abfd} is compatible
62 with the format @var{format} (i.e., one of <<bfd_object>>,
63 <<bfd_archive>> or <<bfd_core>>).
65 If the BFD has been set to a specific target before the
66 call, only the named target and format combination is
67 checked. If the target has not been set, or has been set to
68 <<default>>, then all the known target backends is
69 interrogated to determine a match. If the default target
70 matches, it is used. If not, exactly one target must recognize
71 the file, or an error results.
73 The function returns <<TRUE>> on success, otherwise <<FALSE>>
74 with one of the following error codes:
76 o <<bfd_error_invalid_operation>> -
77 if <<format>> is not one of <<bfd_object>>, <<bfd_archive>> or
80 o <<bfd_error_system_call>> -
81 if an error occured during a read - even some file mismatches
82 can cause bfd_error_system_calls.
84 o <<file_not_recognised>> -
85 none of the backends recognised the file format.
87 o <<bfd_error_file_ambiguously_recognized>> -
88 more than one backend recognised the file format.
92 bfd_check_format (bfd *abfd, bfd_format format)
94 return bfd_check_format_matches (abfd, format, NULL);
102 const struct bfd_arch_info *arch_info;
103 struct bfd_section *sections;
104 struct bfd_section *section_last;
105 unsigned int section_count;
106 struct bfd_hash_table section_htab;
109 /* When testing an object for compatibility with a particular target
110 back-end, the back-end object_p function needs to set up certain
111 fields in the bfd on successfully recognizing the object. This
112 typically happens in a piecemeal fashion, with failures possible at
113 many points. On failure, the bfd is supposed to be restored to its
114 initial state, which is virtually impossible. However, restoring a
115 subset of the bfd state works in practice. This function stores
119 bfd_preserve_save (bfd *abfd, struct bfd_preserve *preserve)
121 preserve->tdata = abfd->tdata.any;
122 preserve->arch_info = abfd->arch_info;
123 preserve->flags = abfd->flags;
124 preserve->sections = abfd->sections;
125 preserve->section_last = abfd->section_last;
126 preserve->section_count = abfd->section_count;
127 preserve->section_htab = abfd->section_htab;
128 preserve->marker = bfd_alloc (abfd, 1);
129 if (preserve->marker == NULL)
132 return bfd_hash_table_init (&abfd->section_htab, bfd_section_hash_newfunc,
133 sizeof (struct section_hash_entry));
136 /* Clear out a subset of BFD state. */
139 bfd_reinit (bfd *abfd)
141 abfd->tdata.any = NULL;
142 abfd->arch_info = &bfd_default_arch_struct;
143 abfd->flags &= BFD_FLAGS_SAVED;
144 bfd_section_list_clear (abfd);
147 /* Restores bfd state saved by bfd_preserve_save. */
150 bfd_preserve_restore (bfd *abfd, struct bfd_preserve *preserve)
152 bfd_hash_table_free (&abfd->section_htab);
154 abfd->tdata.any = preserve->tdata;
155 abfd->arch_info = preserve->arch_info;
156 abfd->flags = preserve->flags;
157 abfd->section_htab = preserve->section_htab;
158 abfd->sections = preserve->sections;
159 abfd->section_last = preserve->section_last;
160 abfd->section_count = preserve->section_count;
162 /* bfd_release frees all memory more recently bfd_alloc'd than
163 its arg, as well as its arg. */
164 bfd_release (abfd, preserve->marker);
165 preserve->marker = NULL;
168 /* Called when the bfd state saved by bfd_preserve_save is no longer
172 bfd_preserve_finish (bfd *abfd ATTRIBUTE_UNUSED, struct bfd_preserve *preserve)
174 /* It would be nice to be able to free more memory here, eg. old
175 tdata, but that's not possible since these blocks are sitting
176 inside bfd_alloc'd memory. The section hash is on a separate
178 bfd_hash_table_free (&preserve->section_htab);
179 preserve->marker = NULL;
184 bfd_check_format_matches
187 bfd_boolean bfd_check_format_matches
188 (bfd *abfd, bfd_format format, char ***matching);
191 Like <<bfd_check_format>>, except when it returns FALSE with
192 <<bfd_errno>> set to <<bfd_error_file_ambiguously_recognized>>. In that
193 case, if @var{matching} is not NULL, it will be filled in with
194 a NULL-terminated list of the names of the formats that matched,
195 allocated with <<malloc>>.
196 Then the user may choose a format and try again.
198 When done with the list that @var{matching} points to, the caller
203 bfd_check_format_matches (bfd *abfd, bfd_format format, char ***matching)
205 extern const bfd_target binary_vec;
206 #if BFD_SUPPORTS_PLUGINS
207 extern const bfd_target plugin_vec;
209 const bfd_target * const *target;
210 const bfd_target **matching_vector = NULL;
211 const bfd_target *save_targ, *right_targ, *ar_right_targ, *match_targ;
212 int match_count, best_count, best_match;
214 struct bfd_preserve preserve;
216 if (matching != NULL)
219 if (!bfd_read_p (abfd)
220 || (unsigned int) abfd->format >= (unsigned int) bfd_type_end)
222 bfd_set_error (bfd_error_invalid_operation);
226 if (abfd->format != bfd_unknown)
227 return abfd->format == format;
229 if (matching != NULL || *bfd_associated_vector != NULL)
233 amt = sizeof (*matching_vector) * 2 * _bfd_target_vector_entries;
234 matching_vector = (const bfd_target **) bfd_malloc (amt);
235 if (!matching_vector)
239 /* Presume the answer is yes. */
240 abfd->format = format;
241 save_targ = abfd->xvec;
242 preserve.marker = NULL;
244 /* If the target type was explicitly specified, just check that target. */
245 if (!abfd->target_defaulted)
247 if (bfd_seek (abfd, (file_ptr) 0, SEEK_SET) != 0) /* rewind! */
250 right_targ = BFD_SEND_FMT (abfd, _bfd_check_format, (abfd));
255 /* For a long time the code has dropped through to check all
256 targets if the specified target was wrong. I don't know why,
257 and I'm reluctant to change it. However, in the case of an
258 archive, it can cause problems. If the specified target does
259 not permit archives (e.g., the binary target), then we should
260 not allow some other target to recognize it as an archive, but
261 should instead allow the specified target to recognize it as an
262 object. When I first made this change, it broke the PE target,
263 because the specified pei-i386 target did not recognize the
264 actual pe-i386 archive. Since there may be other problems of
265 this sort, I changed this test to check only for the binary
267 if (format == bfd_archive && save_targ == &binary_vec)
271 /* Since the target type was defaulted, check them all in the hope
272 that one will be uniquely recognized. */
274 ar_right_targ = NULL;
279 ar_match_index = _bfd_target_vector_entries;
281 for (target = bfd_target_vector; *target != NULL; target++)
283 const bfd_target *temp;
285 /* Don't check the default target twice. */
286 if (*target == &binary_vec
287 || (!abfd->target_defaulted && *target == save_targ)
288 || (*target)->match_priority > best_match)
291 /* If we already tried a match, the bfd is modified and may
292 have sections attached, which will confuse the next
293 _bfd_check_format call. */
296 /* Change BFD's target temporarily. */
297 abfd->xvec = *target;
299 if (bfd_seek (abfd, (file_ptr) 0, SEEK_SET) != 0)
302 /* If _bfd_check_format neglects to set bfd_error, assume
303 bfd_error_wrong_format. We didn't used to even pay any
304 attention to bfd_error, so I suspect that some
305 _bfd_check_format might have this problem. */
306 bfd_set_error (bfd_error_wrong_format);
308 temp = BFD_SEND_FMT (abfd, _bfd_check_format, (abfd));
311 int match_priority = temp->match_priority;
312 #if BFD_SUPPORTS_PLUGINS
313 /* If this object can be handled by a plugin, give that the
314 lowest priority; objects both handled by a plugin and
315 with an underlying object format will be claimed
316 separately by the plugin. */
317 if (*target == &plugin_vec)
318 match_priority = (*target)->match_priority;
322 if (preserve.marker != NULL)
323 bfd_preserve_finish (abfd, &preserve);
325 if (abfd->format != bfd_archive
326 || (bfd_has_map (abfd)
327 && bfd_get_error () != bfd_error_wrong_object_format))
329 /* This format checks out as ok! */
332 /* If this is the default target, accept it, even if
333 other targets might match. People who want those
334 other targets have to set the GNUTARGET variable. */
335 if (temp == bfd_default_vector[0])
339 matching_vector[match_count] = temp;
342 if (match_priority < best_match)
344 best_match = match_priority;
351 /* An archive with no armap or objects of the wrong
352 type. We want this target to match if we get no
354 if (ar_right_targ != bfd_default_vector[0])
355 ar_right_targ = *target;
357 matching_vector[ar_match_index] = *target;
361 if (!bfd_preserve_save (abfd, &preserve))
364 else if (bfd_get_error () != bfd_error_wrong_format)
371 if (match_count == 0)
373 /* Try partial matches. */
374 right_targ = ar_right_targ;
376 if (right_targ == bfd_default_vector[0])
382 match_count = ar_match_index - _bfd_target_vector_entries;
384 if (matching_vector && match_count > 1)
385 memcpy (matching_vector,
386 matching_vector + _bfd_target_vector_entries,
387 sizeof (*matching_vector) * match_count);
391 /* We have more than one equally good match. If any of the best
392 matches is a target in config.bfd targ_defvec or targ_selvecs,
396 const bfd_target * const *assoc = bfd_associated_vector;
398 while ((right_targ = *assoc++) != NULL)
403 if (matching_vector[i] == right_targ
404 && right_targ->match_priority <= best_match)
415 /* We still have more than one equally good match, and at least some
416 of the targets support match priority. Choose the first of the
418 if (matching_vector && match_count > 1 && best_count != match_count)
422 for (i = 0; i < match_count; i++)
424 right_targ = matching_vector[i];
425 if (right_targ->match_priority <= best_match)
431 /* There is way too much undoing of half-known state here. We
432 really shouldn't iterate on live bfd's. Note that saving the
433 whole bfd and restoring it would be even worse; the first thing
434 you notice is that the cached bfd file position gets out of sync. */
435 if (preserve.marker != NULL)
436 bfd_preserve_restore (abfd, &preserve);
438 if (match_count == 1)
440 abfd->xvec = right_targ;
441 /* If we come out of the loop knowing that the last target that
442 matched is the one we want, then ABFD should still be in a usable
443 state (except possibly for XVEC). */
444 if (match_targ != right_targ)
447 if (bfd_seek (abfd, (file_ptr) 0, SEEK_SET) != 0)
449 match_targ = BFD_SEND_FMT (abfd, _bfd_check_format, (abfd));
450 BFD_ASSERT (match_targ != NULL);
454 /* If the file was opened for update, then `output_has_begun'
455 some time ago when the file was created. Do not recompute
456 sections sizes or alignments in _bfd_set_section_contents.
457 We can not set this flag until after checking the format,
458 because it will interfere with creation of BFD sections. */
459 if (abfd->direction == both_direction)
460 abfd->output_has_begun = TRUE;
463 free (matching_vector);
465 /* File position has moved, BTW. */
469 if (match_count == 0)
472 bfd_set_error (bfd_error_file_not_recognized);
474 abfd->xvec = save_targ;
475 abfd->format = bfd_unknown;
477 free (matching_vector);
478 if (preserve.marker != NULL)
479 bfd_preserve_restore (abfd, &preserve);
483 /* Restore original target type and format. */
484 abfd->xvec = save_targ;
485 abfd->format = bfd_unknown;
486 bfd_set_error (bfd_error_file_ambiguously_recognized);
490 *matching = (char **) matching_vector;
491 matching_vector[match_count] = NULL;
492 /* Return target names. This is a little nasty. Maybe we
493 should do another bfd_malloc? */
494 while (--match_count >= 0)
496 const char *name = matching_vector[match_count]->name;
497 *(const char **) &matching_vector[match_count] = name;
508 bfd_boolean bfd_set_format (bfd *abfd, bfd_format format);
511 This function sets the file format of the BFD @var{abfd} to the
512 format @var{format}. If the target set in the BFD does not
513 support the format requested, the format is invalid, or the BFD
514 is not open for writing, then an error occurs.
518 bfd_set_format (bfd *abfd, bfd_format format)
520 if (bfd_read_p (abfd)
521 || (unsigned int) abfd->format >= (unsigned int) bfd_type_end)
523 bfd_set_error (bfd_error_invalid_operation);
527 if (abfd->format != bfd_unknown)
528 return abfd->format == format;
530 /* Presume the answer is yes. */
531 abfd->format = format;
533 if (!BFD_SEND_FMT (abfd, _bfd_set_format, (abfd)))
535 abfd->format = bfd_unknown;
547 const char *bfd_format_string (bfd_format format);
550 Return a pointer to a const string
551 <<invalid>>, <<object>>, <<archive>>, <<core>>, or <<unknown>>,
552 depending upon the value of @var{format}.
556 bfd_format_string (bfd_format format)
558 if (((int) format < (int) bfd_unknown)
559 || ((int) format >= (int) bfd_type_end))
565 return "object"; /* Linker/assembler/compiler output. */
567 return "archive"; /* Object archive file. */
569 return "core"; /* Core dump. */