1 /* Generic BFD support for file formats.
2 Copyright (C) 1990-2018 Free Software Foundation, Inc.
3 Written by Cygnus Support.
5 This file is part of BFD, the Binary File Descriptor library.
7 This program is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify
8 it under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by
9 the Free Software Foundation; either version 3 of the License, or
10 (at your option) any later version.
12 This program is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,
13 but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
14 MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE. See the
15 GNU General Public License for more details.
17 You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License
18 along with this program; if not, write to the Free Software
19 Foundation, Inc., 51 Franklin Street - Fifth Floor, Boston,
20 MA 02110-1301, USA. */
27 A format is a BFD concept of high level file contents type. The
28 formats supported by BFD are:
32 The BFD may contain data, symbols, relocations and debug info.
36 The BFD contains other BFDs and an optional index.
40 The BFD contains the result of an executable core dump.
50 /* IMPORT from targets.c. */
51 extern const size_t _bfd_target_vector_entries;
58 bfd_boolean bfd_check_format (bfd *abfd, bfd_format format);
61 Verify if the file attached to the BFD @var{abfd} is compatible
62 with the format @var{format} (i.e., one of <<bfd_object>>,
63 <<bfd_archive>> or <<bfd_core>>).
65 If the BFD has been set to a specific target before the
66 call, only the named target and format combination is
67 checked. If the target has not been set, or has been set to
68 <<default>>, then all the known target backends is
69 interrogated to determine a match. If the default target
70 matches, it is used. If not, exactly one target must recognize
71 the file, or an error results.
73 The function returns <<TRUE>> on success, otherwise <<FALSE>>
74 with one of the following error codes:
76 o <<bfd_error_invalid_operation>> -
77 if <<format>> is not one of <<bfd_object>>, <<bfd_archive>> or
80 o <<bfd_error_system_call>> -
81 if an error occured during a read - even some file mismatches
82 can cause bfd_error_system_calls.
84 o <<file_not_recognised>> -
85 none of the backends recognised the file format.
87 o <<bfd_error_file_ambiguously_recognized>> -
88 more than one backend recognised the file format.
92 bfd_check_format (bfd *abfd, bfd_format format)
94 return bfd_check_format_matches (abfd, format, NULL);
102 const struct bfd_arch_info *arch_info;
103 struct bfd_section *sections;
104 struct bfd_section *section_last;
105 unsigned int section_count;
106 unsigned int section_id;
107 struct bfd_hash_table section_htab;
108 const struct bfd_build_id *build_id;
111 /* When testing an object for compatibility with a particular target
112 back-end, the back-end object_p function needs to set up certain
113 fields in the bfd on successfully recognizing the object. This
114 typically happens in a piecemeal fashion, with failures possible at
115 many points. On failure, the bfd is supposed to be restored to its
116 initial state, which is virtually impossible. However, restoring a
117 subset of the bfd state works in practice. This function stores
121 bfd_preserve_save (bfd *abfd, struct bfd_preserve *preserve)
123 preserve->tdata = abfd->tdata.any;
124 preserve->arch_info = abfd->arch_info;
125 preserve->flags = abfd->flags;
126 preserve->sections = abfd->sections;
127 preserve->section_last = abfd->section_last;
128 preserve->section_count = abfd->section_count;
129 preserve->section_id = _bfd_section_id;
130 preserve->section_htab = abfd->section_htab;
131 preserve->marker = bfd_alloc (abfd, 1);
132 preserve->build_id = abfd->build_id;
133 if (preserve->marker == NULL)
136 return bfd_hash_table_init (&abfd->section_htab, bfd_section_hash_newfunc,
137 sizeof (struct section_hash_entry));
140 /* Clear out a subset of BFD state. */
143 bfd_reinit (bfd *abfd, unsigned int section_id)
145 abfd->tdata.any = NULL;
146 abfd->arch_info = &bfd_default_arch_struct;
147 abfd->flags &= BFD_FLAGS_SAVED;
148 bfd_section_list_clear (abfd);
149 _bfd_section_id = section_id;
152 /* Restores bfd state saved by bfd_preserve_save. */
155 bfd_preserve_restore (bfd *abfd, struct bfd_preserve *preserve)
157 bfd_hash_table_free (&abfd->section_htab);
159 abfd->tdata.any = preserve->tdata;
160 abfd->arch_info = preserve->arch_info;
161 abfd->flags = preserve->flags;
162 abfd->section_htab = preserve->section_htab;
163 abfd->sections = preserve->sections;
164 abfd->section_last = preserve->section_last;
165 abfd->section_count = preserve->section_count;
166 _bfd_section_id = preserve->section_id;
167 abfd->build_id = preserve->build_id;
169 /* bfd_release frees all memory more recently bfd_alloc'd than
170 its arg, as well as its arg. */
171 bfd_release (abfd, preserve->marker);
172 preserve->marker = NULL;
175 /* Called when the bfd state saved by bfd_preserve_save is no longer
179 bfd_preserve_finish (bfd *abfd ATTRIBUTE_UNUSED, struct bfd_preserve *preserve)
181 /* It would be nice to be able to free more memory here, eg. old
182 tdata, but that's not possible since these blocks are sitting
183 inside bfd_alloc'd memory. The section hash is on a separate
185 bfd_hash_table_free (&preserve->section_htab);
186 preserve->marker = NULL;
191 bfd_check_format_matches
194 bfd_boolean bfd_check_format_matches
195 (bfd *abfd, bfd_format format, char ***matching);
198 Like <<bfd_check_format>>, except when it returns FALSE with
199 <<bfd_errno>> set to <<bfd_error_file_ambiguously_recognized>>. In that
200 case, if @var{matching} is not NULL, it will be filled in with
201 a NULL-terminated list of the names of the formats that matched,
202 allocated with <<malloc>>.
203 Then the user may choose a format and try again.
205 When done with the list that @var{matching} points to, the caller
210 bfd_check_format_matches (bfd *abfd, bfd_format format, char ***matching)
212 extern const bfd_target binary_vec;
213 #if BFD_SUPPORTS_PLUGINS
214 extern const bfd_target plugin_vec;
216 const bfd_target * const *target;
217 const bfd_target **matching_vector = NULL;
218 const bfd_target *save_targ, *right_targ, *ar_right_targ, *match_targ;
219 int match_count, best_count, best_match;
221 unsigned int initial_section_id = _bfd_section_id;
222 struct bfd_preserve preserve;
224 if (matching != NULL)
227 if (!bfd_read_p (abfd)
228 || (unsigned int) abfd->format >= (unsigned int) bfd_type_end)
230 bfd_set_error (bfd_error_invalid_operation);
234 if (abfd->format != bfd_unknown)
235 return abfd->format == format;
237 if (matching != NULL || *bfd_associated_vector != NULL)
241 amt = sizeof (*matching_vector) * 2 * _bfd_target_vector_entries;
242 matching_vector = (const bfd_target **) bfd_malloc (amt);
243 if (!matching_vector)
247 /* Presume the answer is yes. */
248 abfd->format = format;
249 save_targ = abfd->xvec;
250 preserve.marker = NULL;
252 /* If the target type was explicitly specified, just check that target. */
253 if (!abfd->target_defaulted)
255 if (bfd_seek (abfd, (file_ptr) 0, SEEK_SET) != 0) /* rewind! */
258 right_targ = BFD_SEND_FMT (abfd, _bfd_check_format, (abfd));
263 /* For a long time the code has dropped through to check all
264 targets if the specified target was wrong. I don't know why,
265 and I'm reluctant to change it. However, in the case of an
266 archive, it can cause problems. If the specified target does
267 not permit archives (e.g., the binary target), then we should
268 not allow some other target to recognize it as an archive, but
269 should instead allow the specified target to recognize it as an
270 object. When I first made this change, it broke the PE target,
271 because the specified pei-i386 target did not recognize the
272 actual pe-i386 archive. Since there may be other problems of
273 this sort, I changed this test to check only for the binary
275 if (format == bfd_archive && save_targ == &binary_vec)
279 /* Since the target type was defaulted, check them all in the hope
280 that one will be uniquely recognized. */
282 ar_right_targ = NULL;
287 ar_match_index = _bfd_target_vector_entries;
289 for (target = bfd_target_vector; *target != NULL; target++)
291 const bfd_target *temp;
293 /* Don't check the default target twice. */
294 if (*target == &binary_vec
295 || (!abfd->target_defaulted && *target == save_targ))
298 /* If we already tried a match, the bfd is modified and may
299 have sections attached, which will confuse the next
300 _bfd_check_format call. */
301 bfd_reinit (abfd, initial_section_id);
303 /* Change BFD's target temporarily. */
304 abfd->xvec = *target;
306 if (bfd_seek (abfd, (file_ptr) 0, SEEK_SET) != 0)
309 /* If _bfd_check_format neglects to set bfd_error, assume
310 bfd_error_wrong_format. We didn't used to even pay any
311 attention to bfd_error, so I suspect that some
312 _bfd_check_format might have this problem. */
313 bfd_set_error (bfd_error_wrong_format);
315 temp = BFD_SEND_FMT (abfd, _bfd_check_format, (abfd));
318 int match_priority = temp->match_priority;
319 #if BFD_SUPPORTS_PLUGINS
320 /* If this object can be handled by a plugin, give that the
321 lowest priority; objects both handled by a plugin and
322 with an underlying object format will be claimed
323 separately by the plugin. */
324 if (*target == &plugin_vec)
325 match_priority = (*target)->match_priority;
329 if (preserve.marker != NULL)
330 bfd_preserve_finish (abfd, &preserve);
332 if (abfd->format != bfd_archive
333 || (bfd_has_map (abfd)
334 && bfd_get_error () != bfd_error_wrong_object_format))
336 /* If this is the default target, accept it, even if
337 other targets might match. People who want those
338 other targets have to set the GNUTARGET variable. */
339 if (temp == bfd_default_vector[0])
343 matching_vector[match_count] = temp;
346 if (match_priority < best_match)
348 best_match = match_priority;
351 if (match_priority <= best_match)
353 /* This format checks out as ok! */
360 /* An archive with no armap or objects of the wrong
361 type. We want this target to match if we get no
363 if (ar_right_targ != bfd_default_vector[0])
364 ar_right_targ = *target;
366 matching_vector[ar_match_index] = *target;
370 if (!bfd_preserve_save (abfd, &preserve))
373 else if (bfd_get_error () != bfd_error_wrong_format)
380 if (match_count == 0)
382 /* Try partial matches. */
383 right_targ = ar_right_targ;
385 if (right_targ == bfd_default_vector[0])
391 match_count = ar_match_index - _bfd_target_vector_entries;
393 if (matching_vector && match_count > 1)
394 memcpy (matching_vector,
395 matching_vector + _bfd_target_vector_entries,
396 sizeof (*matching_vector) * match_count);
400 /* We have more than one equally good match. If any of the best
401 matches is a target in config.bfd targ_defvec or targ_selvecs,
405 const bfd_target * const *assoc = bfd_associated_vector;
407 while ((right_targ = *assoc++) != NULL)
412 if (matching_vector[i] == right_targ
413 && right_targ->match_priority <= best_match)
424 /* We still have more than one equally good match, and at least some
425 of the targets support match priority. Choose the first of the
427 if (matching_vector && match_count > 1 && best_count != match_count)
431 for (i = 0; i < match_count; i++)
433 right_targ = matching_vector[i];
434 if (right_targ->match_priority <= best_match)
440 /* There is way too much undoing of half-known state here. We
441 really shouldn't iterate on live bfd's. Note that saving the
442 whole bfd and restoring it would be even worse; the first thing
443 you notice is that the cached bfd file position gets out of sync. */
444 if (preserve.marker != NULL)
445 bfd_preserve_restore (abfd, &preserve);
447 if (match_count == 1)
449 abfd->xvec = right_targ;
450 /* If we come out of the loop knowing that the last target that
451 matched is the one we want, then ABFD should still be in a usable
452 state (except possibly for XVEC). */
453 if (match_targ != right_targ)
455 bfd_reinit (abfd, initial_section_id);
456 if (bfd_seek (abfd, (file_ptr) 0, SEEK_SET) != 0)
458 match_targ = BFD_SEND_FMT (abfd, _bfd_check_format, (abfd));
459 BFD_ASSERT (match_targ != NULL);
463 /* If the file was opened for update, then `output_has_begun'
464 some time ago when the file was created. Do not recompute
465 sections sizes or alignments in _bfd_set_section_contents.
466 We can not set this flag until after checking the format,
467 because it will interfere with creation of BFD sections. */
468 if (abfd->direction == both_direction)
469 abfd->output_has_begun = TRUE;
472 free (matching_vector);
474 /* File position has moved, BTW. */
478 if (match_count == 0)
481 bfd_set_error (bfd_error_file_not_recognized);
483 abfd->xvec = save_targ;
484 abfd->format = bfd_unknown;
486 free (matching_vector);
487 if (preserve.marker != NULL)
488 bfd_preserve_restore (abfd, &preserve);
492 /* Restore original target type and format. */
493 abfd->xvec = save_targ;
494 abfd->format = bfd_unknown;
495 bfd_set_error (bfd_error_file_ambiguously_recognized);
499 *matching = (char **) matching_vector;
500 matching_vector[match_count] = NULL;
501 /* Return target names. This is a little nasty. Maybe we
502 should do another bfd_malloc? */
503 while (--match_count >= 0)
505 const char *name = matching_vector[match_count]->name;
506 *(const char **) &matching_vector[match_count] = name;
517 bfd_boolean bfd_set_format (bfd *abfd, bfd_format format);
520 This function sets the file format of the BFD @var{abfd} to the
521 format @var{format}. If the target set in the BFD does not
522 support the format requested, the format is invalid, or the BFD
523 is not open for writing, then an error occurs.
527 bfd_set_format (bfd *abfd, bfd_format format)
529 if (bfd_read_p (abfd)
530 || (unsigned int) abfd->format >= (unsigned int) bfd_type_end)
532 bfd_set_error (bfd_error_invalid_operation);
536 if (abfd->format != bfd_unknown)
537 return abfd->format == format;
539 /* Presume the answer is yes. */
540 abfd->format = format;
542 if (!BFD_SEND_FMT (abfd, _bfd_set_format, (abfd)))
544 abfd->format = bfd_unknown;
556 const char *bfd_format_string (bfd_format format);
559 Return a pointer to a const string
560 <<invalid>>, <<object>>, <<archive>>, <<core>>, or <<unknown>>,
561 depending upon the value of @var{format}.
565 bfd_format_string (bfd_format format)
567 if (((int) format < (int) bfd_unknown)
568 || ((int) format >= (int) bfd_type_end))
574 return "object"; /* Linker/assembler/compiler output. */
576 return "archive"; /* Object archive file. */
578 return "core"; /* Core dump. */