1 /* BFD back-end for binary objects.
2 Copyright 1994, 1995, 1996, 1997, 1998, 1999, 2000, 2001, 2002,
4 Free Software Foundation, Inc.
5 Written by Ian Lance Taylor, Cygnus Support, <ian@cygnus.com>
7 This file is part of BFD, the Binary File Descriptor library.
9 This program is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify
10 it under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by
11 the Free Software Foundation; either version 2 of the License, or
12 (at your option) any later version.
14 This program is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,
15 but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
16 MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE. See the
17 GNU General Public License for more details.
19 You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License
20 along with this program; if not, write to the Free Software
21 Foundation, Inc., 59 Temple Place - Suite 330, Boston, MA 02111-1307, USA. */
23 /* This is a BFD backend which may be used to write binary objects.
24 It may only be used for output, not input. The intention is that
25 this may be used as an output format for objcopy in order to
26 generate raw binary data.
28 This is very simple. The only complication is that the real data
29 will start at some address X, and in some cases we will not want to
30 include X zeroes just to get to that point. Since the start
31 address is not meaningful for this object file format, we use it
32 instead to indicate the number of zeroes to skip at the start of
33 the file. objcopy cooperates by specially setting the start
34 address to zero by default. */
38 #include "safe-ctype.h"
41 /* Any bfd we create by reading a binary file has three symbols:
42 a start symbol, an end symbol, and an absolute length symbol. */
45 static bfd_boolean binary_mkobject PARAMS ((bfd *));
46 static const bfd_target *binary_object_p PARAMS ((bfd *));
47 static bfd_boolean binary_get_section_contents
48 PARAMS ((bfd *, asection *, PTR, file_ptr, bfd_size_type));
49 static long binary_get_symtab_upper_bound PARAMS ((bfd *));
50 static char *mangle_name PARAMS ((bfd *, char *));
51 static long binary_canonicalize_symtab PARAMS ((bfd *, asymbol **));
52 static void binary_get_symbol_info PARAMS ((bfd *, asymbol *, symbol_info *));
53 static bfd_boolean binary_set_section_contents
54 PARAMS ((bfd *, asection *, PTR, file_ptr, bfd_size_type));
55 static int binary_sizeof_headers PARAMS ((bfd *, bfd_boolean));
57 /* Set by external programs - specifies the BFD architecture and
58 machine number to be uses when creating binary BFDs. */
59 enum bfd_architecture bfd_external_binary_architecture = bfd_arch_unknown;
60 unsigned long bfd_external_machine = 0;
62 /* Create a binary object. Invoked via bfd_set_format. */
65 binary_mkobject (abfd)
66 bfd *abfd ATTRIBUTE_UNUSED;
71 /* Any file may be considered to be a binary file, provided the target
72 was not defaulted. That is, it must be explicitly specified as
75 static const bfd_target *
76 binary_object_p (abfd)
82 if (abfd->target_defaulted)
84 bfd_set_error (bfd_error_wrong_format);
88 abfd->symcount = BIN_SYMS;
90 /* Find the file size. */
91 if (bfd_stat (abfd, &statbuf) < 0)
93 bfd_set_error (bfd_error_system_call);
97 /* One data section. */
98 sec = bfd_make_section (abfd, ".data");
101 sec->flags = SEC_ALLOC | SEC_LOAD | SEC_DATA | SEC_HAS_CONTENTS;
103 sec->_raw_size = statbuf.st_size;
106 abfd->tdata.any = (PTR) sec;
108 if (bfd_get_arch_info (abfd) != NULL)
110 if ((bfd_get_arch_info (abfd)->arch == bfd_arch_unknown)
111 && (bfd_external_binary_architecture != bfd_arch_unknown))
112 bfd_set_arch_info (abfd, bfd_lookup_arch
113 (bfd_external_binary_architecture, bfd_external_machine));
119 #define binary_close_and_cleanup _bfd_generic_close_and_cleanup
120 #define binary_bfd_free_cached_info _bfd_generic_bfd_free_cached_info
121 #define binary_new_section_hook _bfd_generic_new_section_hook
123 /* Get contents of the only section. */
126 binary_get_section_contents (abfd, section, location, offset, count)
128 asection *section ATTRIBUTE_UNUSED;
133 if (bfd_seek (abfd, offset, SEEK_SET) != 0
134 || bfd_bread (location, count, abfd) != count)
139 /* Return the amount of memory needed to read the symbol table. */
142 binary_get_symtab_upper_bound (abfd)
143 bfd *abfd ATTRIBUTE_UNUSED;
145 return (BIN_SYMS + 1) * sizeof (asymbol *);
148 /* Create a symbol name based on the bfd's filename. */
151 mangle_name (abfd, suffix)
159 size = (strlen (bfd_get_filename (abfd))
161 + sizeof "_binary__");
163 buf = (char *) bfd_alloc (abfd, size);
167 sprintf (buf, "_binary_%s_%s", bfd_get_filename (abfd), suffix);
169 /* Change any non-alphanumeric characters to underscores. */
170 for (p = buf; *p; p++)
177 /* Return the symbol table. */
180 binary_canonicalize_symtab (abfd, alocation)
184 asection *sec = (asection *) abfd->tdata.any;
187 bfd_size_type amt = BIN_SYMS * sizeof (asymbol);
189 syms = (asymbol *) bfd_alloc (abfd, amt);
194 syms[0].the_bfd = abfd;
195 syms[0].name = mangle_name (abfd, "start");
197 syms[0].flags = BSF_GLOBAL;
198 syms[0].section = sec;
199 syms[0].udata.p = NULL;
202 syms[1].the_bfd = abfd;
203 syms[1].name = mangle_name (abfd, "end");
204 syms[1].value = sec->_raw_size;
205 syms[1].flags = BSF_GLOBAL;
206 syms[1].section = sec;
207 syms[1].udata.p = NULL;
210 syms[2].the_bfd = abfd;
211 syms[2].name = mangle_name (abfd, "size");
212 syms[2].value = sec->_raw_size;
213 syms[2].flags = BSF_GLOBAL;
214 syms[2].section = bfd_abs_section_ptr;
215 syms[2].udata.p = NULL;
217 for (i = 0; i < BIN_SYMS; i++)
218 *alocation++ = syms++;
224 #define binary_make_empty_symbol _bfd_generic_make_empty_symbol
225 #define binary_print_symbol _bfd_nosymbols_print_symbol
227 /* Get information about a symbol. */
230 binary_get_symbol_info (ignore_abfd, symbol, ret)
231 bfd *ignore_abfd ATTRIBUTE_UNUSED;
235 bfd_symbol_info (symbol, ret);
238 #define binary_bfd_is_local_label_name bfd_generic_is_local_label_name
239 #define binary_get_lineno _bfd_nosymbols_get_lineno
240 #define binary_find_nearest_line _bfd_nosymbols_find_nearest_line
241 #define binary_bfd_make_debug_symbol _bfd_nosymbols_bfd_make_debug_symbol
242 #define binary_read_minisymbols _bfd_generic_read_minisymbols
243 #define binary_minisymbol_to_symbol _bfd_generic_minisymbol_to_symbol
245 #define binary_get_reloc_upper_bound \
246 ((long (*) PARAMS ((bfd *, asection *))) bfd_0l)
247 #define binary_canonicalize_reloc \
248 ((long (*) PARAMS ((bfd *, asection *, arelent **, asymbol **))) bfd_0l)
249 #define binary_bfd_reloc_type_lookup _bfd_norelocs_bfd_reloc_type_lookup
251 /* Set the architecture of a binary file. */
252 #define binary_set_arch_mach _bfd_generic_set_arch_mach
254 /* Write section contents of a binary file. */
257 binary_set_section_contents (abfd, sec, data, offset, size)
267 if (! abfd->output_has_begun)
269 bfd_boolean found_low;
273 /* The lowest section LMA sets the virtual address of the start
274 of the file. We use this to set the file position of all the
278 for (s = abfd->sections; s != NULL; s = s->next)
280 & (SEC_HAS_CONTENTS | SEC_LOAD | SEC_ALLOC | SEC_NEVER_LOAD))
281 == (SEC_HAS_CONTENTS | SEC_LOAD | SEC_ALLOC))
282 && (s->_raw_size > 0)
283 && (! found_low || s->lma < low))
289 for (s = abfd->sections; s != NULL; s = s->next)
291 s->filepos = s->lma - low;
293 /* Skip following warning check for sections that will not
294 occupy file space. */
296 & (SEC_HAS_CONTENTS | SEC_ALLOC | SEC_NEVER_LOAD))
297 != (SEC_HAS_CONTENTS | SEC_ALLOC)
298 || (s->_raw_size == 0))
301 /* If attempting to generate a binary file from a bfd with
302 LMA's all over the place, huge (sparse?) binary files may
303 result. This condition attempts to detect this situation
304 and print a warning. Better heuristics would be nice to
308 (*_bfd_error_handler)
309 (_("Warning: Writing section `%s' to huge (ie negative) file offset 0x%lx."),
310 bfd_get_section_name (abfd, s),
311 (unsigned long) s->filepos);
314 abfd->output_has_begun = TRUE;
317 /* We don't want to output anything for a section that is neither
318 loaded nor allocated. The contents of such a section are not
319 meaningful in the binary format. */
320 if ((sec->flags & (SEC_LOAD | SEC_ALLOC)) == 0)
322 if ((sec->flags & SEC_NEVER_LOAD) != 0)
325 return _bfd_generic_set_section_contents (abfd, sec, data, offset, size);
328 /* No space is required for header information. */
331 binary_sizeof_headers (abfd, exec)
332 bfd *abfd ATTRIBUTE_UNUSED;
333 bfd_boolean exec ATTRIBUTE_UNUSED;
338 #define binary_bfd_get_relocated_section_contents \
339 bfd_generic_get_relocated_section_contents
340 #define binary_bfd_relax_section bfd_generic_relax_section
341 #define binary_bfd_gc_sections bfd_generic_gc_sections
342 #define binary_bfd_merge_sections bfd_generic_merge_sections
343 #define binary_bfd_discard_group bfd_generic_discard_group
344 #define binary_bfd_link_hash_table_create _bfd_generic_link_hash_table_create
345 #define binary_bfd_link_hash_table_free _bfd_generic_link_hash_table_free
346 #define binary_bfd_link_just_syms _bfd_generic_link_just_syms
347 #define binary_bfd_link_add_symbols _bfd_generic_link_add_symbols
348 #define binary_bfd_final_link _bfd_generic_final_link
349 #define binary_bfd_link_split_section _bfd_generic_link_split_section
350 #define binary_get_section_contents_in_window \
351 _bfd_generic_get_section_contents_in_window
353 const bfd_target binary_vec =
356 bfd_target_unknown_flavour, /* flavour */
357 BFD_ENDIAN_UNKNOWN, /* byteorder */
358 BFD_ENDIAN_UNKNOWN, /* header_byteorder */
359 EXEC_P, /* object_flags */
360 (SEC_ALLOC | SEC_LOAD | SEC_READONLY | SEC_CODE | SEC_DATA
361 | SEC_ROM | SEC_HAS_CONTENTS), /* section_flags */
362 0, /* symbol_leading_char */
363 ' ', /* ar_pad_char */
364 16, /* ar_max_namelen */
365 bfd_getb64, bfd_getb_signed_64, bfd_putb64,
366 bfd_getb32, bfd_getb_signed_32, bfd_putb32,
367 bfd_getb16, bfd_getb_signed_16, bfd_putb16, /* data */
368 bfd_getb64, bfd_getb_signed_64, bfd_putb64,
369 bfd_getb32, bfd_getb_signed_32, bfd_putb32,
370 bfd_getb16, bfd_getb_signed_16, bfd_putb16, /* hdrs */
371 { /* bfd_check_format */
373 binary_object_p, /* bfd_check_format */
377 { /* bfd_set_format */
383 { /* bfd_write_contents */
390 BFD_JUMP_TABLE_GENERIC (binary),
391 BFD_JUMP_TABLE_COPY (_bfd_generic),
392 BFD_JUMP_TABLE_CORE (_bfd_nocore),
393 BFD_JUMP_TABLE_ARCHIVE (_bfd_noarchive),
394 BFD_JUMP_TABLE_SYMBOLS (binary),
395 BFD_JUMP_TABLE_RELOCS (binary),
396 BFD_JUMP_TABLE_WRITE (binary),
397 BFD_JUMP_TABLE_LINK (binary),
398 BFD_JUMP_TABLE_DYNAMIC (_bfd_nodynamic),