2 * AT-SPI - Assistive Technology Service Provider Interface
3 * (Gnome Accessibility Project; http://developer.gnome.org/projects/gap)
5 * Copyright 2001, 2002 Sun Microsystems Inc.,
6 * Copyright 2001, 2002 Ximian, Inc.
7 * Copyright 2010, 2011 Novell, Inc.
9 * This library is free software; you can redistribute it and/or
10 * modify it under the terms of the GNU Library General Public
11 * License as published by the Free Software Foundation; either
12 * version 2 of the License, or (at your option) any later version.
14 * This library is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,
15 * but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
16 * MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE. See the GNU
17 * Library General Public License for more details.
19 * You should have received a copy of the GNU Library General Public
20 * License along with this library; if not, write to the
21 * Free Software Foundation, Inc., 59 Temple Place - Suite 330,
22 * Boston, MA 02111-1307, USA.
27 * Basic SPI initialization and event loop function prototypes
31 #include "atspi-private.h"
35 #include "atspi-gmain.h"
39 static void handle_get_items (DBusPendingCall *pending, void *user_data);
41 static DBusConnection *bus = NULL;
42 static GHashTable *live_refs = NULL;
43 static gint method_call_timeout = 800;
44 static gint app_startup_time = 15000;
45 static gboolean allow_sync = TRUE;
47 GMainLoop *atspi_main_loop;
48 GMainContext *atspi_main_context;
49 gboolean atspi_no_cache;
51 const char *atspi_path_dec = ATSPI_DBUS_PATH_DEC;
52 const char *atspi_path_registry = ATSPI_DBUS_PATH_REGISTRY;
53 const char *atspi_path_root = ATSPI_DBUS_PATH_ROOT;
54 const char *atspi_bus_registry = ATSPI_DBUS_NAME_REGISTRY;
55 const char *atspi_interface_accessible = ATSPI_DBUS_INTERFACE_ACCESSIBLE;
56 const char *atspi_interface_action = ATSPI_DBUS_INTERFACE_ACTION;
57 const char *atspi_interface_application = ATSPI_DBUS_INTERFACE_APPLICATION;
58 const char *atspi_interface_collection = ATSPI_DBUS_INTERFACE_COLLECTION;
59 const char *atspi_interface_component = ATSPI_DBUS_INTERFACE_COMPONENT;
60 const char *atspi_interface_dec = ATSPI_DBUS_INTERFACE_DEC;
61 const char *atspi_interface_device_event_listener = ATSPI_DBUS_INTERFACE_DEVICE_EVENT_LISTENER;
62 const char *atspi_interface_document = ATSPI_DBUS_INTERFACE_DOCUMENT;
63 const char *atspi_interface_editable_text = ATSPI_DBUS_INTERFACE_EDITABLE_TEXT;
64 const char *atspi_interface_event_object = ATSPI_DBUS_INTERFACE_EVENT_OBJECT;
65 const char *atspi_interface_hyperlink = ATSPI_DBUS_INTERFACE_HYPERLINK;
66 const char *atspi_interface_hypertext = ATSPI_DBUS_INTERFACE_HYPERTEXT;
67 const char *atspi_interface_image = ATSPI_DBUS_INTERFACE_IMAGE;
68 const char *atspi_interface_registry = ATSPI_DBUS_INTERFACE_REGISTRY;
69 const char *atspi_interface_selection = ATSPI_DBUS_INTERFACE_SELECTION;
70 const char *atspi_interface_table = ATSPI_DBUS_INTERFACE_TABLE;
71 const char *atspi_interface_table_cell = ATSPI_DBUS_INTERFACE_TABLE_CELL;
72 const char *atspi_interface_text = ATSPI_DBUS_INTERFACE_TEXT;
73 const char *atspi_interface_cache = ATSPI_DBUS_INTERFACE_CACHE;
74 const char *atspi_interface_value = ATSPI_DBUS_INTERFACE_VALUE;
76 static const char *interfaces[] =
78 ATSPI_DBUS_INTERFACE_ACCESSIBLE,
79 ATSPI_DBUS_INTERFACE_ACTION,
80 ATSPI_DBUS_INTERFACE_APPLICATION,
81 ATSPI_DBUS_INTERFACE_COLLECTION,
82 ATSPI_DBUS_INTERFACE_COMPONENT,
83 ATSPI_DBUS_INTERFACE_DOCUMENT,
84 ATSPI_DBUS_INTERFACE_EDITABLE_TEXT,
85 ATSPI_DBUS_INTERFACE_HYPERLINK,
86 ATSPI_DBUS_INTERFACE_HYPERTEXT,
87 ATSPI_DBUS_INTERFACE_IMAGE,
88 "org.a11y.atspi.LoginHelper",
89 ATSPI_DBUS_INTERFACE_SELECTION,
90 ATSPI_DBUS_INTERFACE_TABLE,
91 ATSPI_DBUS_INTERFACE_TABLE_CELL,
92 ATSPI_DBUS_INTERFACE_TEXT,
93 ATSPI_DBUS_INTERFACE_VALUE,
98 _atspi_get_iface_num (const char *iface)
100 /* TODO: Use a binary search or hash to improve performance */
103 for (i = 0; interfaces[i]; i++)
105 if (!strcmp(iface, interfaces[i])) return i;
111 _atspi_get_live_refs (void)
115 live_refs = g_hash_table_new (g_direct_hash, g_direct_equal);
120 /* TODO: Add an application parameter */
127 g_error ("AT-SPI: COuldn't connect to accessibility bus. Is at-spi-bus-launcher running?");
131 #define APP_IS_REGISTRY(app) (!strcmp (app->bus_name, atspi_bus_registry))
133 static AtspiAccessible *desktop;
145 g_hash_table_destroy (refs);
150 dbus_connection_close (bus);
151 dbus_connection_unref (bus);
157 for (l = desktop->children; l;)
159 GList *next = l->next;
160 AtspiAccessible *child = l->data;
161 g_object_run_dispose (G_OBJECT (child->parent.app));
162 g_object_run_dispose (G_OBJECT (child));
165 g_object_run_dispose (G_OBJECT (desktop->parent.app));
166 g_object_unref (desktop);
170 static gboolean atspi_inited = FALSE;
172 static GHashTable *app_hash = NULL;
175 handle_get_bus_address (DBusPendingCall *pending, void *user_data)
177 AtspiApplication *app = user_data;
178 DBusMessage *reply = dbus_pending_call_steal_reply (pending);
179 DBusMessage *message;
181 DBusPendingCall *new_pending;
183 if (dbus_message_get_type (reply) == DBUS_MESSAGE_TYPE_METHOD_RETURN)
185 if (dbus_message_get_args (reply, NULL, DBUS_TYPE_STRING, &address,
186 DBUS_TYPE_INVALID) && address [0])
191 dbus_error_init (&error);
192 bus = dbus_connection_open_private (address, &error);
197 dbus_connection_unref (app->bus);
203 g_warning ("Unable to open bus connection: %s", error.message);
204 dbus_error_free (&error);
208 dbus_message_unref (reply);
209 dbus_pending_call_unref (pending);
212 return; /* application has gone away / been disposed */
214 message = dbus_message_new_method_call (app->bus_name,
215 "/org/a11y/atspi/cache",
216 atspi_interface_cache, "GetItems");
218 dbus_connection_send_with_reply (app->bus, message, &new_pending, 2000);
219 dbus_pending_call_set_notify (new_pending, handle_get_items, app, NULL);
220 dbus_message_unref (message);
223 static AtspiApplication *
224 get_application (const char *bus_name)
226 AtspiApplication *app = NULL;
228 DBusMessage *message;
229 DBusPendingCall *pending = NULL;
233 app_hash = g_hash_table_new_full (g_str_hash, g_str_equal, g_free, (GDestroyNotify)g_object_unref);
234 if (!app_hash) return NULL;
236 app = g_hash_table_lookup (app_hash, bus_name);
238 bus_name_dup = g_strdup (bus_name);
239 if (!bus_name_dup) return NULL;
240 // TODO: change below to something that will send state-change:defunct notification if necessary */
241 app = _atspi_application_new (bus_name);
242 app->hash = g_hash_table_new_full (g_str_hash, g_str_equal, g_free, g_object_unref);
243 app->bus = dbus_connection_ref (_atspi_bus ());
244 gettimeofday (&app->time_added, NULL);
245 app->cache = ATSPI_CACHE_UNDEFINED;
246 g_hash_table_insert (app_hash, bus_name_dup, app);
247 message = dbus_message_new_method_call (bus_name, atspi_path_root,
248 atspi_interface_application, "GetApplicationBusAddress");
250 dbus_connection_send_with_reply (app->bus, message, &pending, 2000);
251 dbus_pending_call_set_notify (pending, handle_get_bus_address, app, NULL);
252 dbus_message_unref (message);
256 static AtspiAccessible *
257 ref_accessible (const char *app_name, const char *path)
259 AtspiApplication *app;
262 if (!strcmp (path, ATSPI_DBUS_PATH_NULL))
265 app = get_application (app_name);
267 if (!strcmp (path, "/org/a11y/atspi/accessible/root"))
271 app->root = _atspi_accessible_new (app, atspi_path_root);
272 app->root->accessible_parent = atspi_get_desktop (0);
273 app->root->accessible_parent->children = g_list_append (app->root->accessible_parent->children, g_object_ref (app->root));
275 return g_object_ref (app->root);
278 a = g_hash_table_lookup (app->hash, path);
281 return g_object_ref (a);
283 a = _atspi_accessible_new (app, path);
286 g_hash_table_insert (app->hash, g_strdup (a->parent.path), g_object_ref (a));
290 static AtspiHyperlink *
291 ref_hyperlink (const char *app_name, const char *path)
293 AtspiApplication *app = get_application (app_name);
294 AtspiHyperlink *hyperlink;
296 if (!strcmp (path, ATSPI_DBUS_PATH_NULL))
299 hyperlink = g_hash_table_lookup (app->hash, path);
302 return g_object_ref (hyperlink);
304 hyperlink = _atspi_hyperlink_new (app, path);
305 g_hash_table_insert (app->hash, g_strdup (hyperlink->parent.path), hyperlink);
306 /* TODO: This should be a weak ref */
307 g_object_ref (hyperlink); /* for the hash */
320 GArray *state_bitflags;
323 static DBusHandlerResult
324 handle_remove_accessible (DBusConnection *bus, DBusMessage *message, void *user_data)
326 const char *sender = dbus_message_get_sender (message);
327 AtspiApplication *app;
329 DBusMessageIter iter, iter_struct;
330 const char *signature = dbus_message_get_signature (message);
333 if (strcmp (signature, "(so)") != 0)
335 g_warning ("AT-SPI: Unknown signature %s for RemoveAccessible", signature);
336 return DBUS_HANDLER_RESULT_HANDLED;
339 dbus_message_iter_init (message, &iter);
340 dbus_message_iter_recurse (&iter, &iter_struct);
341 dbus_message_iter_get_basic (&iter_struct, &sender);
342 dbus_message_iter_next (&iter_struct);
343 dbus_message_iter_get_basic (&iter_struct, &path);
344 app = get_application (sender);
345 a = ref_accessible (sender, path);
347 return DBUS_HANDLER_RESULT_HANDLED;
348 g_object_run_dispose (G_OBJECT (a));
349 g_hash_table_remove (app->hash, a->parent.path);
350 g_object_unref (a); /* unref our own ref */
351 return DBUS_HANDLER_RESULT_HANDLED;
354 static DBusHandlerResult
355 handle_name_owner_changed (DBusConnection *bus, DBusMessage *message, void *user_data)
357 const char *name, *new, *old;
358 static gboolean registry_lost = FALSE;
360 if (!dbus_message_get_args (message, NULL,
361 DBUS_TYPE_STRING, &name,
362 DBUS_TYPE_STRING, &old,
363 DBUS_TYPE_STRING, &new,
366 return DBUS_HANDLER_RESULT_NOT_YET_HANDLED;
369 if (!strcmp (name, "org.a11y.atspi.Registry"))
371 if (registry_lost && !old[0])
373 _atspi_reregister_event_listeners ();
374 _atspi_reregister_device_listeners ();
375 registry_lost = FALSE;
378 registry_lost = TRUE;
382 AtspiAccessible *desktop = atspi_get_desktop (0);
384 for (l = desktop->children; l; l = l->next)
386 AtspiAccessible *child = l->data;
387 if (!strcmp (child->parent.app->bus_name, old))
388 g_object_run_dispose (G_OBJECT (child->parent.app));
390 g_object_unref (desktop);
392 return DBUS_HANDLER_RESULT_HANDLED;
396 add_app_to_desktop (AtspiAccessible *a, const char *bus_name)
398 AtspiAccessible *obj = ref_accessible (bus_name, atspi_path_root);
399 /* The app will be added to the desktop as a side-effect of calling
401 g_object_unref (obj);
402 return (obj != NULL);
406 get_reference_from_iter (DBusMessageIter *iter, const char **app_name, const char **path)
408 DBusMessageIter iter_struct;
410 dbus_message_iter_recurse (iter, &iter_struct);
411 dbus_message_iter_get_basic (&iter_struct, app_name);
412 dbus_message_iter_next (&iter_struct);
413 dbus_message_iter_get_basic (&iter_struct, path);
414 dbus_message_iter_next (iter);
418 add_accessible_from_iter (DBusMessageIter *iter)
420 DBusMessageIter iter_struct, iter_array;
421 const char *app_name, *path;
422 AtspiAccessible *accessible;
423 const char *name, *description;
426 dbus_message_iter_recurse (iter, &iter_struct);
429 get_reference_from_iter (&iter_struct, &app_name, &path);
430 accessible = ref_accessible (app_name, path);
434 /* Get application: TODO */
435 dbus_message_iter_next (&iter_struct);
438 get_reference_from_iter (&iter_struct, &app_name, &path);
439 if (accessible->accessible_parent)
440 g_object_unref (accessible->accessible_parent);
441 accessible->accessible_parent = ref_accessible (app_name, path);
444 while (accessible->children)
446 g_object_unref (accessible->children->data);
447 accessible->children = g_list_remove (accessible->children, accessible->children->data);
449 dbus_message_iter_recurse (&iter_struct, &iter_array);
450 while (dbus_message_iter_get_arg_type (&iter_array) != DBUS_TYPE_INVALID)
452 AtspiAccessible *child;
453 get_reference_from_iter (&iter_array, &app_name, &path);
454 child = ref_accessible (app_name, path);
455 accessible->children = g_list_append (accessible->children, child);
459 dbus_message_iter_next (&iter_struct);
460 _atspi_dbus_set_interfaces (accessible, &iter_struct);
461 dbus_message_iter_next (&iter_struct);
464 if (accessible->name)
465 g_free (accessible->name);
466 dbus_message_iter_get_basic (&iter_struct, &name);
467 accessible->name = g_strdup (name);
468 dbus_message_iter_next (&iter_struct);
471 dbus_message_iter_get_basic (&iter_struct, &role);
472 accessible->role = role;
473 dbus_message_iter_next (&iter_struct);
476 if (accessible->description)
477 g_free (accessible->description);
478 dbus_message_iter_get_basic (&iter_struct, &description);
479 accessible->description = g_strdup (description);
480 dbus_message_iter_next (&iter_struct);
482 _atspi_dbus_set_state (accessible, &iter_struct);
483 dbus_message_iter_next (&iter_struct);
485 _atspi_accessible_add_cache (accessible, ATSPI_CACHE_NAME | ATSPI_CACHE_ROLE |
486 ATSPI_CACHE_PARENT | ATSPI_CACHE_DESCRIPTION);
487 if (!atspi_state_set_contains (accessible->states,
488 ATSPI_STATE_MANAGES_DESCENDANTS))
489 _atspi_accessible_add_cache (accessible, ATSPI_CACHE_CHILDREN);
491 /* This is a bit of a hack since the cache holds a ref, so we don't need
492 * the one provided for us anymore */
493 g_object_unref (accessible);
497 handle_get_items (DBusPendingCall *pending, void *user_data)
499 DBusMessage *reply = dbus_pending_call_steal_reply (pending);
500 DBusMessageIter iter, iter_array;
502 if (dbus_message_get_type (reply) == DBUS_MESSAGE_TYPE_ERROR)
504 const char *sender = dbus_message_get_sender (reply);
505 const char *error = NULL;
506 dbus_message_get_args (reply, NULL, DBUS_TYPE_STRING, &error,
508 g_warning ("AT-SPI: Error in GetItems, sender=%s, error=%s", sender, error);
509 dbus_message_unref (reply);
510 dbus_pending_call_unref (pending);
514 dbus_message_iter_init (reply, &iter);
515 dbus_message_iter_recurse (&iter, &iter_array);
516 while (dbus_message_iter_get_arg_type (&iter_array) != DBUS_TYPE_INVALID)
518 add_accessible_from_iter (&iter_array);
519 dbus_message_iter_next (&iter_array);
521 dbus_message_unref (reply);
522 dbus_pending_call_unref (pending);
525 /* TODO: Do we stil need this function? */
526 static AtspiAccessible *
527 ref_accessible_desktop (AtspiApplication *app)
530 DBusMessage *message, *reply;
531 DBusMessageIter iter, iter_array;
536 g_object_ref (desktop);
539 desktop = _atspi_accessible_new (app, atspi_path_root);
544 g_hash_table_insert (app->hash, g_strdup (desktop->parent.path),
545 g_object_ref (desktop));
546 app->root = g_object_ref (desktop);
547 desktop->name = g_strdup ("main");
548 message = dbus_message_new_method_call (atspi_bus_registry,
550 atspi_interface_accessible,
555 reply = _atspi_dbus_send_with_reply_and_block (message, &error);
556 if (!reply || strcmp (dbus_message_get_signature (reply), "a(so)") != 0)
560 g_warning ("Couldn't get application list: %s", error->message);
561 g_clear_error (&error);
564 dbus_message_unref (reply);
567 dbus_message_iter_init (reply, &iter);
568 dbus_message_iter_recurse (&iter, &iter_array);
569 while (dbus_message_iter_get_arg_type (&iter_array) != DBUS_TYPE_INVALID)
571 const char *app_name, *path;
572 get_reference_from_iter (&iter_array, &app_name, &path);
573 add_app_to_desktop (desktop, app_name);
575 dbus_message_unref (reply);
577 /* Record the alternate name as an alias for org.a11y.atspi.Registry */
578 bus_name_dup = g_strdup (dbus_message_get_sender (reply));
580 g_hash_table_insert (app_hash, bus_name_dup, app);
582 return g_object_ref (desktop);
586 _atspi_ref_accessible (const char *app, const char *path)
588 AtspiApplication *a = get_application (app);
591 if ( APP_IS_REGISTRY(a))
594 g_object_unref (ref_accessible_desktop (a)); /* sets a->root */
595 return g_object_ref (a->root);
597 return ref_accessible (app, path);
601 _atspi_dbus_return_accessible_from_message (DBusMessage *message)
603 DBusMessageIter iter;
604 AtspiAccessible *retval = NULL;
605 const char *signature;
610 signature = dbus_message_get_signature (message);
611 if (!strcmp (signature, "(so)"))
613 dbus_message_iter_init (message, &iter);
614 retval = _atspi_dbus_return_accessible_from_iter (&iter);
618 g_warning ("AT-SPI: Called _atspi_dbus_return_accessible_from_message with strange signature %s", signature);
620 dbus_message_unref (message);
625 _atspi_dbus_return_accessible_from_iter (DBusMessageIter *iter)
627 const char *app_name, *path;
629 get_reference_from_iter (iter, &app_name, &path);
630 return ref_accessible (app_name, path);
634 _atspi_dbus_return_hyperlink_from_message (DBusMessage *message)
636 DBusMessageIter iter;
637 AtspiHyperlink *retval = NULL;
638 const char *signature;
643 signature = dbus_message_get_signature (message);
644 if (!strcmp (signature, "(so)"))
646 dbus_message_iter_init (message, &iter);
647 retval = _atspi_dbus_return_hyperlink_from_iter (&iter);
651 g_warning ("AT-SPI: Called _atspi_dbus_return_hyperlink_from_message with strange signature %s", signature);
653 dbus_message_unref (message);
658 _atspi_dbus_return_hyperlink_from_iter (DBusMessageIter *iter)
660 const char *app_name, *path;
662 get_reference_from_iter (iter, &app_name, &path);
663 return ref_hyperlink (app_name, path);
666 const char *cache_signal_type = "((so)(so)(so)a(so)assusau)";
668 static DBusHandlerResult
669 handle_add_accessible (DBusConnection *bus, DBusMessage *message, void *user_data)
671 DBusMessageIter iter;
673 if (strcmp (dbus_message_get_signature (message), cache_signal_type) != 0)
675 g_warning ("AT-SPI: AddAccessible with unknown signature %s\n",
676 dbus_message_get_signature (message));
677 return DBUS_HANDLER_RESULT_HANDLED;
680 dbus_message_iter_init (message, &iter);
681 add_accessible_from_iter (&iter);
682 return DBUS_HANDLER_RESULT_HANDLED;
688 DBusMessage *message;
692 static GSource *process_deferred_messages_source = NULL;
695 process_deferred_message (BusDataClosure *closure)
697 int type = dbus_message_get_type (closure->message);
698 const char *interface = dbus_message_get_interface (closure->message);
700 if (type == DBUS_MESSAGE_TYPE_SIGNAL &&
701 !strncmp (interface, "org.a11y.atspi.Event.", 21))
703 _atspi_dbus_handle_event (closure->bus, closure->message, closure->data);
705 if (dbus_message_is_method_call (closure->message, atspi_interface_device_event_listener, "NotifyEvent"))
707 _atspi_dbus_handle_DeviceEvent (closure->bus,
708 closure->message, closure->data);
710 if (dbus_message_is_signal (closure->message, atspi_interface_cache, "AddAccessible"))
712 handle_add_accessible (closure->bus, closure->message, closure->data);
714 if (dbus_message_is_signal (closure->message, atspi_interface_cache, "RemoveAccessible"))
716 handle_remove_accessible (closure->bus, closure->message, closure->data);
718 if (dbus_message_is_signal (closure->message, "org.freedesktop.DBus", "NameOwnerChanged"))
720 handle_name_owner_changed (closure->bus, closure->message, closure->data);
724 static GQueue *deferred_messages = NULL;
727 process_deferred_messages (void)
729 static int in_process_deferred_messages = 0;
730 BusDataClosure *closure;
732 if (in_process_deferred_messages)
734 in_process_deferred_messages = 1;
735 while ((closure = g_queue_pop_head (deferred_messages)))
737 process_deferred_message (closure);
738 dbus_message_unref (closure->message);
739 dbus_connection_unref (closure->bus);
742 in_process_deferred_messages = 0;
747 process_deferred_messages_callback (gpointer data)
749 if (process_deferred_messages ())
750 return G_SOURCE_CONTINUE;
752 process_deferred_messages_source = NULL;
753 return G_SOURCE_REMOVE;
756 static DBusHandlerResult
757 defer_message (DBusConnection *connection, DBusMessage *message, void *user_data)
759 BusDataClosure *closure = g_new (BusDataClosure, 1);
761 closure->bus = dbus_connection_ref (bus);
762 closure->message = dbus_message_ref (message);
763 closure->data = user_data;
765 g_queue_push_tail (deferred_messages, closure);
767 if (process_deferred_messages_source == NULL)
769 process_deferred_messages_source = g_idle_source_new ();
770 g_source_set_callback (process_deferred_messages_source,
771 process_deferred_messages_callback, NULL, NULL);
772 g_source_attach (process_deferred_messages_source, atspi_main_context);
773 g_source_unref (process_deferred_messages_source);
776 return DBUS_HANDLER_RESULT_HANDLED;
779 static DBusHandlerResult
780 atspi_dbus_filter (DBusConnection *bus, DBusMessage *message, void *data)
782 int type = dbus_message_get_type (message);
783 const char *interface = dbus_message_get_interface (message);
785 if (type == DBUS_MESSAGE_TYPE_SIGNAL &&
786 !strncmp (interface, "org.a11y.atspi.Event.", 21))
788 return defer_message (bus, message, data);
790 if (dbus_message_is_method_call (message, atspi_interface_device_event_listener, "NotifyEvent"))
792 return defer_message (bus, message, data);
794 if (dbus_message_is_signal (message, atspi_interface_cache, "AddAccessible"))
796 return defer_message (bus, message, data);
798 if (dbus_message_is_signal (message, atspi_interface_cache, "RemoveAccessible"))
800 return defer_message (bus, message, data);
802 if (dbus_message_is_signal (message, "org.freedesktop.DBus", "NameOwnerChanged"))
804 defer_message (bus, message, data);
805 return DBUS_HANDLER_RESULT_NOT_YET_HANDLED;
807 return DBUS_HANDLER_RESULT_NOT_YET_HANDLED;
811 * Returns a 'canonicalized' value for DISPLAY,
812 * with the screen number stripped off if present.
814 * TODO: Avoid having duplicate functions for this here and in at-spi2-atk
817 spi_display_name (void)
819 char *canonical_display_name = NULL;
820 const gchar *display_env = g_getenv ("AT_SPI_DISPLAY");
824 display_env = g_getenv ("DISPLAY");
825 if (!display_env || !display_env[0])
829 gchar *display_p, *screen_p;
830 canonical_display_name = g_strdup (display_env);
831 display_p = g_utf8_strrchr (canonical_display_name, -1, ':');
832 screen_p = g_utf8_strrchr (canonical_display_name, -1, '.');
833 if (screen_p && display_p && (screen_p > display_p))
841 canonical_display_name = g_strdup (display_env);
844 return canonical_display_name;
850 * Connects to the accessibility registry and initializes the SPI.
852 * Returns: 0 on success, 1 if already initialized, or an integer error code.
858 const gchar *no_cache;
867 _atspi_get_live_refs();
869 bus = atspi_get_a11y_bus ();
872 dbus_bus_register (bus, NULL);
873 atspi_dbus_connection_setup_with_g_main(bus, g_main_context_default());
874 dbus_connection_add_filter (bus, atspi_dbus_filter, NULL, NULL);
875 match = g_strdup_printf ("type='signal',interface='%s',member='AddAccessible'", atspi_interface_cache);
876 dbus_bus_add_match (bus, match, NULL);
878 match = g_strdup_printf ("type='signal',interface='%s',member='RemoveAccessible'", atspi_interface_cache);
879 dbus_bus_add_match (bus, match, NULL);
881 match = g_strdup_printf ("type='signal',interface='%s',member='ChildrenChanged'", atspi_interface_event_object);
882 dbus_bus_add_match (bus, match, NULL);
884 match = g_strdup_printf ("type='signal',interface='%s',member='PropertyChange'", atspi_interface_event_object);
885 dbus_bus_add_match (bus, match, NULL);
887 match = g_strdup_printf ("type='signal',interface='%s',member='StateChanged'", atspi_interface_event_object);
888 dbus_bus_add_match (bus, match, NULL);
891 dbus_bus_add_match (bus,
892 "type='signal', interface='org.freedesktop.DBus', member='NameOwnerChanged'",
895 no_cache = g_getenv ("ATSPI_NO_CACHE");
896 if (no_cache && g_strcmp0 (no_cache, "0") != 0)
897 atspi_no_cache = TRUE;
899 deferred_messages = g_queue_new ();
905 * atspi_is_initialized:
907 * Indicates whether AT-SPI has been initialized.
909 * Returns: %True if initialized; %False otherwise.
912 atspi_is_initialized ()
920 * Starts/enters the main event loop for the AT-SPI services.
922 * NOTE: This method does not return control; it is exited via a call to
923 * #atspi_event_quit from within an event handler.
927 atspi_event_main (void)
929 atspi_main_loop = g_main_loop_new (NULL, FALSE);
930 g_main_loop_run (atspi_main_loop);
931 atspi_main_loop = NULL;
937 * Quits the last main event loop for the AT-SPI services,
938 * See: #atspi_event_main
941 atspi_event_quit (void)
943 g_main_loop_quit (atspi_main_loop);
949 * Disconnects from #AtspiRegistry instances and releases
950 * any floating resources. Call only once at exit.
952 * Returns: 0 if there were no leaks, otherwise other integer values.
964 atspi_inited = FALSE;
968 leaked = g_hash_table_size (live_refs);
980 static GSList *hung_processes;
983 remove_hung_process (DBusPendingCall *pending, void *data)
986 hung_processes = g_slist_remove (hung_processes, data);
988 dbus_pending_call_unref (pending);
992 check_for_hang (DBusMessage *message, DBusError *error, DBusConnection *bus, const char *bus_name)
994 if (!message && error->name &&
995 !strcmp (error->name, "org.freedesktop.DBus.Error.NoReply"))
998 DBusMessage *message;
1000 DBusPendingCall *pending = NULL;
1001 for (l = hung_processes; l; l = l->next)
1002 if (!strcmp (l->data, bus_name))
1004 message = dbus_message_new_method_call (bus_name, "/",
1005 "org.freedesktop.DBus.Peer",
1009 dbus_connection_send_with_reply (bus, message, &pending, -1);
1010 dbus_message_unref (message);
1013 bus_name_dup = g_strdup (bus_name);
1014 hung_processes = g_slist_append (hung_processes, bus_name_dup);
1015 dbus_pending_call_set_notify (pending, remove_hung_process, bus_name_dup, NULL);
1020 connection_is_hung (const char *bus_name)
1024 for (l = hung_processes; l; l = l->next)
1025 if (!strcmp (l->data, bus_name))
1031 check_app (AtspiApplication *app, GError **error)
1033 if (!app || !app->bus)
1035 g_set_error_literal (error, ATSPI_ERROR, ATSPI_ERROR_APPLICATION_GONE,
1036 _("The application no longer exists"));
1040 if (atspi_main_loop && connection_is_hung (app->bus_name))
1042 g_set_error_literal (error, ATSPI_ERROR, ATSPI_ERROR_IPC,
1043 "The process appears to be hung.");
1051 set_timeout (AtspiApplication *app)
1056 if (app && app_startup_time > 0)
1058 gettimeofday (&tv, NULL);
1059 diff = (tv.tv_sec - app->time_added.tv_sec) * 1000 + (tv.tv_usec - app->time_added.tv_usec) / 1000;
1060 dbind_set_timeout (MAX(method_call_timeout, app_startup_time - diff));
1063 dbind_set_timeout (method_call_timeout);
1067 _atspi_dbus_call (gpointer obj, const char *interface, const char *method, GError **error, const char *type, ...)
1072 AtspiObject *aobj = ATSPI_OBJECT (obj);
1074 if (!check_app (aobj->app, error))
1079 _atspi_set_error_no_sync (error);
1083 va_start (args, type);
1084 dbus_error_init (&err);
1085 set_timeout (aobj->app);
1086 retval = dbind_method_call_reentrant_va (aobj->app->bus, aobj->app->bus_name,
1087 aobj->path, interface, method, &err,
1090 check_for_hang (NULL, &err, aobj->app->bus, aobj->app->bus_name);
1091 process_deferred_messages ();
1092 if (dbus_error_is_set (&err))
1094 g_set_error(error, ATSPI_ERROR, ATSPI_ERROR_IPC, "%s", err.message);
1095 dbus_error_free (&err);
1101 _atspi_dbus_call_partial (gpointer obj,
1102 const char *interface,
1105 const char *type, ...)
1109 va_start (args, type);
1110 return _atspi_dbus_call_partial_va (obj, interface, method, error, type, args);
1115 _atspi_dbus_call_partial_va (gpointer obj,
1116 const char *interface,
1122 AtspiObject *aobj = ATSPI_OBJECT (obj);
1124 DBusMessage *msg = NULL, *reply = NULL;
1125 DBusMessageIter iter;
1128 dbus_error_init (&err);
1130 if (!check_app (aobj->app, error))
1133 msg = dbus_message_new_method_call (aobj->app->bus_name, aobj->path, interface, method);
1138 dbus_message_iter_init_append (msg, &iter);
1139 dbind_any_marshal_va (&iter, &p, args);
1141 set_timeout (aobj->app);
1142 reply = dbind_send_and_allow_reentry (aobj->app->bus, msg, &err);
1143 check_for_hang (reply, &err, aobj->app->bus, aobj->app->bus_name);
1147 dbus_message_unref (msg);
1148 process_deferred_messages ();
1149 if (dbus_error_is_set (&err))
1151 /* TODO: Set gerror */
1152 dbus_error_free (&err);
1155 if (reply && dbus_message_get_type (reply) == DBUS_MESSAGE_TYPE_ERROR)
1157 const char *err_str = NULL;
1158 dbus_message_get_args (reply, NULL, DBUS_TYPE_STRING, &err_str, DBUS_TYPE_INVALID);
1160 g_set_error_literal (error, ATSPI_ERROR, ATSPI_ERROR_IPC, err_str);
1161 dbus_message_unref (reply);
1169 _atspi_dbus_get_property (gpointer obj, const char *interface, const char *name, GError **error, const char *type, void *data)
1171 DBusMessage *message, *reply;
1172 DBusMessageIter iter, iter_variant;
1174 dbus_bool_t retval = FALSE;
1175 AtspiObject *aobj = ATSPI_OBJECT (obj);
1176 char expected_type = (type [0] == '(' ? 'r' : type [0]);
1181 if (!check_app (aobj->app, error))
1186 _atspi_set_error_no_sync (error);
1190 message = dbus_message_new_method_call (aobj->app->bus_name,
1192 "org.freedesktop.DBus.Properties",
1196 // TODO: throw exception
1199 dbus_message_append_args (message, DBUS_TYPE_STRING, &interface, DBUS_TYPE_STRING, &name, DBUS_TYPE_INVALID);
1200 dbus_error_init (&err);
1201 set_timeout (aobj->app);
1202 reply = dbind_send_and_allow_reentry (aobj->app->bus, message, &err);
1203 check_for_hang (reply, &err, aobj->app->bus, aobj->app->bus_name);
1204 dbus_message_unref (message);
1205 process_deferred_messages ();
1208 // TODO: throw exception
1212 if (dbus_message_get_type (reply) == DBUS_MESSAGE_TYPE_ERROR)
1214 const char *err_str = NULL;
1215 dbus_message_get_args (reply, NULL, DBUS_TYPE_STRING, &err_str, DBUS_TYPE_INVALID);
1217 g_set_error_literal (error, ATSPI_ERROR, ATSPI_ERROR_IPC, err_str);
1221 dbus_message_iter_init (reply, &iter);
1222 if (dbus_message_iter_get_arg_type (&iter) != 'v')
1224 g_warning ("AT-SPI: expected a variant when fetching %s from interface %s; got %s\n", name, interface, dbus_message_get_signature (reply));
1227 dbus_message_iter_recurse (&iter, &iter_variant);
1228 if (dbus_message_iter_get_arg_type (&iter_variant) != expected_type)
1230 g_warning ("atspi_dbus_get_property: Wrong type: expected %s, got %c\n", type, dbus_message_iter_get_arg_type (&iter_variant));
1233 if (!strcmp (type, "(so)"))
1235 *((AtspiAccessible **)data) = _atspi_dbus_return_accessible_from_iter (&iter_variant);
1239 dbus_message_iter_get_basic (&iter_variant, data);
1240 if (type [0] == 's')
1241 *(char **)data = g_strdup (*(char **)data);
1245 dbus_error_free (&err);
1247 dbus_message_unref (reply);
1252 _atspi_dbus_send_with_reply_and_block (DBusMessage *message, GError **error)
1256 AtspiApplication *app;
1257 DBusConnection *bus;
1259 app = get_application (dbus_message_get_destination (message));
1261 if (app && !app->bus)
1262 return NULL; /* will fail anyway; app has been disposed */
1264 bus = (app ? app->bus : _atspi_bus());
1265 dbus_error_init (&err);
1267 reply = dbind_send_and_allow_reentry (bus, message, &err);
1268 process_deferred_messages ();
1269 dbus_message_unref (message);
1270 if (dbus_error_is_set (&err))
1273 g_set_error_literal (error, ATSPI_ERROR, ATSPI_ERROR_IPC, err.message);
1274 dbus_error_free (&err);
1280 _atspi_dbus_return_hash_from_message (DBusMessage *message)
1282 DBusMessageIter iter;
1288 _ATSPI_DBUS_CHECK_SIG (message, "a{ss}", NULL, NULL);
1290 dbus_message_iter_init (message, &iter);
1291 ret = _atspi_dbus_hash_from_iter (&iter);
1292 dbus_message_unref (message);
1297 _atspi_dbus_hash_from_iter (DBusMessageIter *iter)
1299 GHashTable *hash = g_hash_table_new_full (g_str_hash, g_str_equal,
1300 (GDestroyNotify) g_free,
1301 (GDestroyNotify) g_free);
1302 DBusMessageIter iter_array, iter_dict;
1304 dbus_message_iter_recurse (iter, &iter_array);
1305 while (dbus_message_iter_get_arg_type (&iter_array) != DBUS_TYPE_INVALID)
1307 const char *name, *value;
1308 dbus_message_iter_recurse (&iter_array, &iter_dict);
1309 dbus_message_iter_get_basic (&iter_dict, &name);
1310 dbus_message_iter_next (&iter_dict);
1311 dbus_message_iter_get_basic (&iter_dict, &value);
1312 g_hash_table_insert (hash, g_strdup (name), g_strdup (value));
1313 dbus_message_iter_next (&iter_array);
1319 _atspi_dbus_return_attribute_array_from_message (DBusMessage *message)
1321 DBusMessageIter iter;
1327 _ATSPI_DBUS_CHECK_SIG (message, "a{ss}", NULL, NULL);
1329 dbus_message_iter_init (message, &iter);
1331 ret = _atspi_dbus_attribute_array_from_iter (&iter);
1332 dbus_message_unref (message);
1337 _atspi_dbus_attribute_array_from_iter (DBusMessageIter *iter)
1339 DBusMessageIter iter_array, iter_dict;
1340 GArray *array = g_array_new (TRUE, TRUE, sizeof (gchar *));
1342 dbus_message_iter_recurse (iter, &iter_array);
1343 while (dbus_message_iter_get_arg_type (&iter_array) != DBUS_TYPE_INVALID)
1345 const char *name, *value;
1347 dbus_message_iter_recurse (&iter_array, &iter_dict);
1348 dbus_message_iter_get_basic (&iter_dict, &name);
1349 dbus_message_iter_next (&iter_dict);
1350 dbus_message_iter_get_basic (&iter_dict, &value);
1351 str = g_strdup_printf ("%s:%s", name, value);
1352 array = g_array_append_val (array, str);
1353 dbus_message_iter_next (&iter_array);;
1359 _atspi_dbus_set_interfaces (AtspiAccessible *accessible, DBusMessageIter *iter)
1361 DBusMessageIter iter_array;
1363 accessible->interfaces = 0;
1364 if (strcmp (dbus_message_iter_get_signature (iter), "as") != 0)
1366 g_warning ("_atspi_dbus_set_interfaces: Passed iterator with invalid signature %s", dbus_message_iter_get_signature (iter));
1369 dbus_message_iter_recurse (iter, &iter_array);
1370 while (dbus_message_iter_get_arg_type (&iter_array) != DBUS_TYPE_INVALID)
1374 dbus_message_iter_get_basic (&iter_array, &iface);
1375 if (!strcmp (iface, "org.freedesktop.DBus.Introspectable")) continue;
1376 n = _atspi_get_iface_num (iface);
1379 g_warning ("AT-SPI: Unknown interface %s", iface);
1382 accessible->interfaces |= (1 << n);
1383 dbus_message_iter_next (&iter_array);
1385 _atspi_accessible_add_cache (accessible, ATSPI_CACHE_INTERFACES);
1389 _atspi_dbus_set_state (AtspiAccessible *accessible, DBusMessageIter *iter)
1391 DBusMessageIter iter_array;
1393 dbus_uint32_t *states;
1395 dbus_message_iter_recurse (iter, &iter_array);
1396 dbus_message_iter_get_fixed_array (&iter_array, &states, &count);
1399 g_warning ("AT-SPI: expected 2 values in states array; got %d\n", count);
1400 if (!accessible->states)
1401 accessible->states = _atspi_state_set_new_internal (accessible, 0);
1405 guint64 val = ((guint64)states [1]) << 32;
1407 if (!accessible->states)
1408 accessible->states = _atspi_state_set_new_internal (accessible, val);
1410 accessible->states->states = val;
1412 _atspi_accessible_add_cache (accessible, ATSPI_CACHE_STATES);
1416 _atspi_error_quark (void)
1418 return g_quark_from_static_string ("atspi_error");
1422 * Gets the IOR from the XDisplay.
1426 get_accessibility_bus_address_x11 (void)
1430 Display *bridge_display = NULL;
1433 unsigned char *data_x11 = NULL;
1434 unsigned long nitems;
1435 unsigned long leftover;
1438 display_name = spi_display_name ();
1442 bridge_display = XOpenDisplay (display_name);
1443 g_free (display_name);
1445 if (!bridge_display)
1447 g_warning ("Could not open X display");
1451 AT_SPI_BUS = XInternAtom (bridge_display, "AT_SPI_BUS", False);
1452 XGetWindowProperty (bridge_display,
1453 XDefaultRootWindow (bridge_display),
1455 (long) BUFSIZ, False,
1456 (Atom) 31, &actual_type, &actual_format,
1457 &nitems, &leftover, &data_x11);
1458 XCloseDisplay (bridge_display);
1460 data = g_strdup ((gchar *)data_x11);
1467 get_accessibility_bus_address_dbus (void)
1469 DBusConnection *session_bus = NULL;
1470 DBusMessage *message;
1473 char *address = NULL;
1475 session_bus = dbus_bus_get (DBUS_BUS_SESSION, NULL);
1479 message = dbus_message_new_method_call ("org.a11y.Bus",
1484 dbus_error_init (&error);
1485 reply = dbus_connection_send_with_reply_and_block (session_bus,
1489 dbus_message_unref (message);
1493 g_warning ("Error retrieving accessibility bus address: %s: %s",
1494 error.name, error.message);
1495 dbus_error_free (&error);
1500 const char *tmp_address;
1501 if (!dbus_message_get_args (reply,
1507 dbus_message_unref (reply);
1510 address = g_strdup (tmp_address);
1511 dbus_message_unref (reply);
1517 static DBusConnection *a11y_bus;
1518 static dbus_int32_t a11y_dbus_slot = -1;
1521 a11y_bus_free (void *data)
1523 if (data == a11y_bus)
1526 dbus_connection_free_data_slot (&a11y_dbus_slot);
1531 * atspi_get_a11y_bus: (skip)
1534 atspi_get_a11y_bus (void)
1537 char *address = NULL;
1539 if (a11y_bus && dbus_connection_get_is_connected (a11y_bus))
1542 if (a11y_dbus_slot == -1)
1543 if (!dbus_connection_allocate_data_slot (&a11y_dbus_slot))
1544 g_warning ("at-spi: Unable to allocate D-Bus slot");
1547 address = get_accessibility_bus_address_x11 ();
1550 address = get_accessibility_bus_address_dbus ();
1554 dbus_error_init (&error);
1555 a11y_bus = dbus_connection_open_private (address, &error);
1560 g_warning ("Couldn't connect to accessibility bus: %s", error.message);
1561 dbus_error_free (&error);
1566 if (!dbus_bus_register (a11y_bus, &error))
1568 g_warning ("Couldn't register with accessibility bus: %s", error.message);
1569 dbus_error_free (&error);
1570 dbus_connection_close (a11y_bus);
1571 dbus_connection_unref (a11y_bus);
1577 /* Simulate a weak ref on the bus */
1578 dbus_connection_set_data (a11y_bus, a11y_dbus_slot, a11y_bus, a11y_bus_free);
1584 * atspi_set_timeout:
1585 * @val: The timeout value, in milliseconds, or -1 to disable the timeout.
1586 * @startup_time: The amount of time, in milliseconds, to allow to pass
1587 * before enforcing timeouts on an application. Can be used to prevent
1588 * timeout exceptions if an application is likely to block for an extended
1589 * period of time on initialization. -1 can be passed to disable this
1592 * Set the timeout used for method calls. If this is not set explicitly,
1593 * a default of 0.8 ms is used.
1594 * Note that at-spi2-registryd currently uses a timeout of 3 seconds when
1595 * sending a keyboard event notification. This means that, if an AT makes
1596 * a call in response to the keyboard notification and the application
1597 * being called does not respond before the timeout is reached,
1598 * at-spi2-registryd will time out on the keyboard event notification and
1599 * pass the key onto the application (ie, reply to indicate that the key
1600 * was not consumed), so this may make it undesirable to set a timeout
1601 * larger than 3 seconds.
1603 * By default, the normal timeout is set to 800 ms, and the application startup
1604 * timeout is set to 15 seconds.
1607 atspi_set_timeout (gint val, gint startup_time)
1609 method_call_timeout = val;
1610 app_startup_time = startup_time;
1614 * atspi_set_main_context:
1615 * @cnx: The #GMainContext to use.
1617 * Sets the main loop context that AT-SPI should assume is in use when
1618 * setting an idle callback.
1619 * This function should be called by application-side implementors (ie,
1620 * at-spi2-atk) when it is desirable to re-enter the main loop.
1623 atspi_set_main_context (GMainContext *cnx)
1625 if (atspi_main_context == cnx)
1627 if (process_deferred_messages_source != NULL)
1629 g_source_destroy (process_deferred_messages_source);
1630 process_deferred_messages_source = g_idle_source_new ();
1631 g_source_set_callback (process_deferred_messages_source,
1632 process_deferred_messages_callback, NULL, NULL);
1633 g_source_attach (process_deferred_messages_source, cnx);
1634 g_source_unref (process_deferred_messages_source);
1636 atspi_main_context = cnx;
1637 atspi_dbus_connection_setup_with_g_main (atspi_get_a11y_bus (), cnx);
1640 #ifdef DEBUG_REF_COUNTS
1642 print_disposed (gpointer key, gpointer value, gpointer data)
1644 AtspiAccessible *accessible = key;
1645 if (accessible->parent.app)
1647 g_print ("disposed: %s %d\n", accessible->name, accessible->role);
1653 g_hash_table_foreach (live_refs, print_disposed, NULL);
1658 _atspi_name_compat (gchar *name)
1672 * atspi_role_get_name:
1673 * @role: an #AtspiRole object to query.
1675 * Gets a localizable string that indicates the name of an #AtspiRole.
1676 * <em>DEPRECATED.</em>
1678 * Returns: a localizable string name for an #AtspiRole enumerated type.
1681 atspi_role_get_name (AtspiRole role)
1683 gchar *retval = NULL;
1684 GTypeClass *type_class;
1687 type_class = g_type_class_ref (ATSPI_TYPE_ROLE);
1688 g_return_val_if_fail (G_IS_ENUM_CLASS (type_class), NULL);
1690 value = g_enum_get_value (G_ENUM_CLASS (type_class), role);
1694 retval = g_strdup (value->value_nick);
1698 return _atspi_name_compat (retval);
1704 _atspi_dbus_update_cache_from_dict (AtspiAccessible *accessible, DBusMessageIter *iter)
1706 GHashTable *cache = _atspi_accessible_ref_cache (accessible);
1707 DBusMessageIter iter_dict, iter_dict_entry, iter_struct, iter_variant;
1709 dbus_message_iter_recurse (iter, &iter_dict);
1710 while (dbus_message_iter_get_arg_type (&iter_dict) != DBUS_TYPE_INVALID)
1714 dbus_message_iter_recurse (&iter_dict, &iter_dict_entry);
1715 dbus_message_iter_get_basic (&iter_dict_entry, &key);
1716 dbus_message_iter_next (&iter_dict_entry);
1717 dbus_message_iter_recurse (&iter_dict_entry, &iter_variant);
1718 if (!strcmp (key, "interfaces"))
1720 _atspi_dbus_set_interfaces (accessible, &iter_variant);
1722 else if (!strcmp (key, "Attributes"))
1724 val = g_new0 (GValue, 1);;
1725 g_value_init (val, G_TYPE_HASH_TABLE);
1726 if (strcmp (dbus_message_iter_get_signature (&iter_variant),
1729 g_value_take_boxed (val, _atspi_dbus_hash_from_iter (&iter_variant));
1731 else if (!strcmp (key, "Component.ScreenExtents"))
1735 val = g_new0 (GValue, 1);;
1736 g_value_init (val, ATSPI_TYPE_RECT);
1737 if (strcmp (dbus_message_iter_get_signature (&iter_variant),
1740 dbus_message_iter_recurse (&iter_variant, &iter_struct);
1741 dbus_message_iter_get_basic (&iter_struct, &d_int);
1743 dbus_message_iter_next (&iter_struct);
1744 dbus_message_iter_get_basic (&iter_struct, &d_int);
1746 dbus_message_iter_next (&iter_struct);
1747 dbus_message_iter_get_basic (&iter_struct, &d_int);
1748 extents.width = d_int;
1749 dbus_message_iter_next (&iter_struct);
1750 dbus_message_iter_get_basic (&iter_struct, &d_int);
1751 extents.height = d_int;
1752 g_value_set_boxed (val, &extents);
1755 g_hash_table_insert (cache, g_strdup (key), val);
1756 dbus_message_iter_next (&iter_dict);
1761 _atspi_get_allow_sync ()
1767 _atspi_set_allow_sync (gboolean val)
1769 gboolean ret = allow_sync;
1776 _atspi_set_error_no_sync (GError **error)
1778 g_set_error_literal (error, ATSPI_ERROR, ATSPI_ERROR_SYNC_NOT_ALLOWED,
1779 _("Attempted synchronous call where prohibited"));