3 * Copyright (C) 1995 Linus Torvalds
5 * Support of BIGMEM added by Gerhard Wichert, Siemens AG, July 1999
8 #include <linux/module.h>
9 #include <linux/signal.h>
10 #include <linux/sched.h>
11 #include <linux/kernel.h>
12 #include <linux/errno.h>
13 #include <linux/string.h>
14 #include <linux/types.h>
15 #include <linux/ptrace.h>
16 #include <linux/mman.h>
18 #include <linux/hugetlb.h>
19 #include <linux/swap.h>
20 #include <linux/smp.h>
21 #include <linux/init.h>
22 #include <linux/highmem.h>
23 #include <linux/pagemap.h>
24 #include <linux/pci.h>
25 #include <linux/pfn.h>
26 #include <linux/poison.h>
27 #include <linux/bootmem.h>
28 #include <linux/memblock.h>
29 #include <linux/proc_fs.h>
30 #include <linux/memory_hotplug.h>
31 #include <linux/initrd.h>
32 #include <linux/cpumask.h>
33 #include <linux/gfp.h>
36 #include <asm/bios_ebda.h>
37 #include <asm/processor.h>
38 #include <asm/uaccess.h>
39 #include <asm/pgtable.h>
41 #include <asm/fixmap.h>
46 #include <asm/tlbflush.h>
47 #include <asm/olpc_ofw.h>
48 #include <asm/pgalloc.h>
49 #include <asm/sections.h>
50 #include <asm/paravirt.h>
51 #include <asm/setup.h>
52 #include <asm/cacheflush.h>
53 #include <asm/page_types.h>
56 #include "mm_internal.h"
58 unsigned long highstart_pfn, highend_pfn;
60 static noinline int do_test_wp_bit(void);
62 bool __read_mostly __vmalloc_start_set = false;
65 * Creates a middle page table and puts a pointer to it in the
66 * given global directory entry. This only returns the gd entry
67 * in non-PAE compilation mode, since the middle layer is folded.
69 static pmd_t * __init one_md_table_init(pgd_t *pgd)
75 if (!(pgd_val(*pgd) & _PAGE_PRESENT)) {
76 pmd_table = (pmd_t *)alloc_low_page();
77 paravirt_alloc_pmd(&init_mm, __pa(pmd_table) >> PAGE_SHIFT);
78 set_pgd(pgd, __pgd(__pa(pmd_table) | _PAGE_PRESENT));
79 pud = pud_offset(pgd, 0);
80 BUG_ON(pmd_table != pmd_offset(pud, 0));
85 pud = pud_offset(pgd, 0);
86 pmd_table = pmd_offset(pud, 0);
92 * Create a page table and place a pointer to it in a middle page
95 static pte_t * __init one_page_table_init(pmd_t *pmd)
97 if (!(pmd_val(*pmd) & _PAGE_PRESENT)) {
98 pte_t *page_table = (pte_t *)alloc_low_page();
100 paravirt_alloc_pte(&init_mm, __pa(page_table) >> PAGE_SHIFT);
101 set_pmd(pmd, __pmd(__pa(page_table) | _PAGE_TABLE));
102 BUG_ON(page_table != pte_offset_kernel(pmd, 0));
105 return pte_offset_kernel(pmd, 0);
108 pmd_t * __init populate_extra_pmd(unsigned long vaddr)
110 int pgd_idx = pgd_index(vaddr);
111 int pmd_idx = pmd_index(vaddr);
113 return one_md_table_init(swapper_pg_dir + pgd_idx) + pmd_idx;
116 pte_t * __init populate_extra_pte(unsigned long vaddr)
118 int pte_idx = pte_index(vaddr);
121 pmd = populate_extra_pmd(vaddr);
122 return one_page_table_init(pmd) + pte_idx;
125 static unsigned long __init
126 page_table_range_init_count(unsigned long start, unsigned long end)
128 unsigned long count = 0;
129 #ifdef CONFIG_HIGHMEM
130 int pmd_idx_kmap_begin = fix_to_virt(FIX_KMAP_END) >> PMD_SHIFT;
131 int pmd_idx_kmap_end = fix_to_virt(FIX_KMAP_BEGIN) >> PMD_SHIFT;
132 int pgd_idx, pmd_idx;
135 if (pmd_idx_kmap_begin == pmd_idx_kmap_end)
139 pgd_idx = pgd_index(vaddr);
141 for ( ; (pgd_idx < PTRS_PER_PGD) && (vaddr != end); pgd_idx++) {
142 for (; (pmd_idx < PTRS_PER_PMD) && (vaddr != end);
144 if ((vaddr >> PMD_SHIFT) >= pmd_idx_kmap_begin &&
145 (vaddr >> PMD_SHIFT) <= pmd_idx_kmap_end)
155 static pte_t *__init page_table_kmap_check(pte_t *pte, pmd_t *pmd,
156 unsigned long vaddr, pte_t *lastpte,
159 #ifdef CONFIG_HIGHMEM
161 * Something (early fixmap) may already have put a pte
162 * page here, which causes the page table allocation
163 * to become nonlinear. Attempt to fix it, and if it
164 * is still nonlinear then we have to bug.
166 int pmd_idx_kmap_begin = fix_to_virt(FIX_KMAP_END) >> PMD_SHIFT;
167 int pmd_idx_kmap_end = fix_to_virt(FIX_KMAP_BEGIN) >> PMD_SHIFT;
169 if (pmd_idx_kmap_begin != pmd_idx_kmap_end
170 && (vaddr >> PMD_SHIFT) >= pmd_idx_kmap_begin
171 && (vaddr >> PMD_SHIFT) <= pmd_idx_kmap_end) {
175 BUG_ON(after_bootmem);
177 for (i = 0; i < PTRS_PER_PTE; i++)
178 set_pte(newpte + i, pte[i]);
179 *adr = (void *)(((unsigned long)(*adr)) + PAGE_SIZE);
181 paravirt_alloc_pte(&init_mm, __pa(newpte) >> PAGE_SHIFT);
182 set_pmd(pmd, __pmd(__pa(newpte)|_PAGE_TABLE));
183 BUG_ON(newpte != pte_offset_kernel(pmd, 0));
186 paravirt_release_pte(__pa(pte) >> PAGE_SHIFT);
189 BUG_ON(vaddr < fix_to_virt(FIX_KMAP_BEGIN - 1)
190 && vaddr > fix_to_virt(FIX_KMAP_END)
191 && lastpte && lastpte + PTRS_PER_PTE != pte);
197 * This function initializes a certain range of kernel virtual memory
198 * with new bootmem page tables, everywhere page tables are missing in
201 * NOTE: The pagetables are allocated contiguous on the physical space
202 * so we can cache the place of the first one and move around without
203 * checking the pgd every time.
206 page_table_range_init(unsigned long start, unsigned long end, pgd_t *pgd_base)
208 int pgd_idx, pmd_idx;
213 unsigned long count = page_table_range_init_count(start, end);
217 adr = alloc_low_pages(count);
220 pgd_idx = pgd_index(vaddr);
221 pmd_idx = pmd_index(vaddr);
222 pgd = pgd_base + pgd_idx;
224 for ( ; (pgd_idx < PTRS_PER_PGD) && (vaddr != end); pgd++, pgd_idx++) {
225 pmd = one_md_table_init(pgd);
226 pmd = pmd + pmd_index(vaddr);
227 for (; (pmd_idx < PTRS_PER_PMD) && (vaddr != end);
229 pte = page_table_kmap_check(one_page_table_init(pmd),
230 pmd, vaddr, pte, &adr);
238 static inline int is_kernel_text(unsigned long addr)
240 if (addr >= (unsigned long)_text && addr <= (unsigned long)__init_end)
246 * This maps the physical memory to kernel virtual address space, a total
247 * of max_low_pfn pages, by creating page tables starting from address
251 kernel_physical_mapping_init(unsigned long start,
253 unsigned long page_size_mask)
255 int use_pse = page_size_mask == (1<<PG_LEVEL_2M);
256 unsigned long last_map_addr = end;
257 unsigned long start_pfn, end_pfn;
258 pgd_t *pgd_base = swapper_pg_dir;
259 int pgd_idx, pmd_idx, pte_ofs;
264 unsigned pages_2m, pages_4k;
267 start_pfn = start >> PAGE_SHIFT;
268 end_pfn = end >> PAGE_SHIFT;
271 * First iteration will setup identity mapping using large/small pages
272 * based on use_pse, with other attributes same as set by
273 * the early code in head_32.S
275 * Second iteration will setup the appropriate attributes (NX, GLOBAL..)
276 * as desired for the kernel identity mapping.
278 * This two pass mechanism conforms to the TLB app note which says:
280 * "Software should not write to a paging-structure entry in a way
281 * that would change, for any linear address, both the page size
282 * and either the page frame or attributes."
290 pages_2m = pages_4k = 0;
292 pgd_idx = pgd_index((pfn<<PAGE_SHIFT) + PAGE_OFFSET);
293 pgd = pgd_base + pgd_idx;
294 for (; pgd_idx < PTRS_PER_PGD; pgd++, pgd_idx++) {
295 pmd = one_md_table_init(pgd);
299 #ifdef CONFIG_X86_PAE
300 pmd_idx = pmd_index((pfn<<PAGE_SHIFT) + PAGE_OFFSET);
305 for (; pmd_idx < PTRS_PER_PMD && pfn < end_pfn;
307 unsigned int addr = pfn * PAGE_SIZE + PAGE_OFFSET;
310 * Map with big pages if possible, otherwise
311 * create normal page tables:
315 pgprot_t prot = PAGE_KERNEL_LARGE;
317 * first pass will use the same initial
318 * identity mapping attribute + _PAGE_PSE.
321 __pgprot(PTE_IDENT_ATTR |
324 pfn &= PMD_MASK >> PAGE_SHIFT;
325 addr2 = (pfn + PTRS_PER_PTE-1) * PAGE_SIZE +
326 PAGE_OFFSET + PAGE_SIZE-1;
328 if (is_kernel_text(addr) ||
329 is_kernel_text(addr2))
330 prot = PAGE_KERNEL_LARGE_EXEC;
333 if (mapping_iter == 1)
334 set_pmd(pmd, pfn_pmd(pfn, init_prot));
336 set_pmd(pmd, pfn_pmd(pfn, prot));
341 pte = one_page_table_init(pmd);
343 pte_ofs = pte_index((pfn<<PAGE_SHIFT) + PAGE_OFFSET);
345 for (; pte_ofs < PTRS_PER_PTE && pfn < end_pfn;
346 pte++, pfn++, pte_ofs++, addr += PAGE_SIZE) {
347 pgprot_t prot = PAGE_KERNEL;
349 * first pass will use the same initial
350 * identity mapping attribute.
352 pgprot_t init_prot = __pgprot(PTE_IDENT_ATTR);
354 if (is_kernel_text(addr))
355 prot = PAGE_KERNEL_EXEC;
358 if (mapping_iter == 1) {
359 set_pte(pte, pfn_pte(pfn, init_prot));
360 last_map_addr = (pfn << PAGE_SHIFT) + PAGE_SIZE;
362 set_pte(pte, pfn_pte(pfn, prot));
366 if (mapping_iter == 1) {
368 * update direct mapping page count only in the first
371 update_page_count(PG_LEVEL_2M, pages_2m);
372 update_page_count(PG_LEVEL_4K, pages_4k);
375 * local global flush tlb, which will flush the previous
376 * mappings present in both small and large page TLB's.
381 * Second iteration will set the actual desired PTE attributes.
386 return last_map_addr;
392 static inline pte_t *kmap_get_fixmap_pte(unsigned long vaddr)
394 return pte_offset_kernel(pmd_offset(pud_offset(pgd_offset_k(vaddr),
395 vaddr), vaddr), vaddr);
398 static void __init kmap_init(void)
400 unsigned long kmap_vstart;
403 * Cache the first kmap pte:
405 kmap_vstart = __fix_to_virt(FIX_KMAP_BEGIN);
406 kmap_pte = kmap_get_fixmap_pte(kmap_vstart);
408 kmap_prot = PAGE_KERNEL;
411 #ifdef CONFIG_HIGHMEM
412 static void __init permanent_kmaps_init(pgd_t *pgd_base)
421 page_table_range_init(vaddr, vaddr + PAGE_SIZE*LAST_PKMAP, pgd_base);
423 pgd = swapper_pg_dir + pgd_index(vaddr);
424 pud = pud_offset(pgd, vaddr);
425 pmd = pmd_offset(pud, vaddr);
426 pte = pte_offset_kernel(pmd, vaddr);
427 pkmap_page_table = pte;
430 void __init add_highpages_with_active_regions(int nid,
431 unsigned long start_pfn, unsigned long end_pfn)
433 phys_addr_t start, end;
436 for_each_free_mem_range(i, nid, &start, &end, NULL) {
437 unsigned long pfn = clamp_t(unsigned long, PFN_UP(start),
439 unsigned long e_pfn = clamp_t(unsigned long, PFN_DOWN(end),
441 for ( ; pfn < e_pfn; pfn++)
443 free_highmem_page(pfn_to_page(pfn));
447 static inline void permanent_kmaps_init(pgd_t *pgd_base)
450 #endif /* CONFIG_HIGHMEM */
452 void __init native_pagetable_init(void)
454 unsigned long pfn, va;
455 pgd_t *pgd, *base = swapper_pg_dir;
461 * Remove any mappings which extend past the end of physical
462 * memory from the boot time page table.
463 * In virtual address space, we should have at least two pages
464 * from VMALLOC_END to pkmap or fixmap according to VMALLOC_END
465 * definition. And max_low_pfn is set to VMALLOC_END physical
466 * address. If initial memory mapping is doing right job, we
467 * should have pte used near max_low_pfn or one pmd is not present.
469 for (pfn = max_low_pfn; pfn < 1<<(32-PAGE_SHIFT); pfn++) {
470 va = PAGE_OFFSET + (pfn<<PAGE_SHIFT);
471 pgd = base + pgd_index(va);
472 if (!pgd_present(*pgd))
475 pud = pud_offset(pgd, va);
476 pmd = pmd_offset(pud, va);
477 if (!pmd_present(*pmd))
480 /* should not be large page here */
481 if (pmd_large(*pmd)) {
482 pr_warn("try to clear pte for ram above max_low_pfn: pfn: %lx pmd: %p pmd phys: %lx, but pmd is big page and is not using pte !\n",
483 pfn, pmd, __pa(pmd));
487 pte = pte_offset_kernel(pmd, va);
488 if (!pte_present(*pte))
491 printk(KERN_DEBUG "clearing pte for ram above max_low_pfn: pfn: %lx pmd: %p pmd phys: %lx pte: %p pte phys: %lx\n",
492 pfn, pmd, __pa(pmd), pte, __pa(pte));
493 pte_clear(NULL, va, pte);
495 paravirt_alloc_pmd(&init_mm, __pa(base) >> PAGE_SHIFT);
500 * Build a proper pagetable for the kernel mappings. Up until this
501 * point, we've been running on some set of pagetables constructed by
504 * If we're booting on native hardware, this will be a pagetable
505 * constructed in arch/x86/kernel/head_32.S. The root of the
506 * pagetable will be swapper_pg_dir.
508 * If we're booting paravirtualized under a hypervisor, then there are
509 * more options: we may already be running PAE, and the pagetable may
510 * or may not be based in swapper_pg_dir. In any case,
511 * paravirt_pagetable_init() will set up swapper_pg_dir
512 * appropriately for the rest of the initialization to work.
514 * In general, pagetable_init() assumes that the pagetable may already
515 * be partially populated, and so it avoids stomping on any existing
518 void __init early_ioremap_page_table_range_init(void)
520 pgd_t *pgd_base = swapper_pg_dir;
521 unsigned long vaddr, end;
524 * Fixed mappings, only the page table structure has to be
525 * created - mappings will be set by set_fixmap():
527 vaddr = __fix_to_virt(__end_of_fixed_addresses - 1) & PMD_MASK;
528 end = (FIXADDR_TOP + PMD_SIZE - 1) & PMD_MASK;
529 page_table_range_init(vaddr, end, pgd_base);
530 early_ioremap_reset();
533 static void __init pagetable_init(void)
535 pgd_t *pgd_base = swapper_pg_dir;
537 permanent_kmaps_init(pgd_base);
540 pteval_t __supported_pte_mask __read_mostly = ~(_PAGE_NX | _PAGE_GLOBAL | _PAGE_IOMAP);
541 EXPORT_SYMBOL_GPL(__supported_pte_mask);
543 /* user-defined highmem size */
544 static unsigned int highmem_pages = -1;
547 * highmem=size forces highmem to be exactly 'size' bytes.
548 * This works even on boxes that have no highmem otherwise.
549 * This also works to reduce highmem size on bigger boxes.
551 static int __init parse_highmem(char *arg)
556 highmem_pages = memparse(arg, &arg) >> PAGE_SHIFT;
559 early_param("highmem", parse_highmem);
561 #define MSG_HIGHMEM_TOO_BIG \
562 "highmem size (%luMB) is bigger than pages available (%luMB)!\n"
564 #define MSG_LOWMEM_TOO_SMALL \
565 "highmem size (%luMB) results in <64MB lowmem, ignoring it!\n"
567 * All of RAM fits into lowmem - but if user wants highmem
568 * artificially via the highmem=x boot parameter then create
571 static void __init lowmem_pfn_init(void)
573 /* max_low_pfn is 0, we already have early_res support */
574 max_low_pfn = max_pfn;
576 if (highmem_pages == -1)
578 #ifdef CONFIG_HIGHMEM
579 if (highmem_pages >= max_pfn) {
580 printk(KERN_ERR MSG_HIGHMEM_TOO_BIG,
581 pages_to_mb(highmem_pages), pages_to_mb(max_pfn));
585 if (max_low_pfn - highmem_pages < 64*1024*1024/PAGE_SIZE) {
586 printk(KERN_ERR MSG_LOWMEM_TOO_SMALL,
587 pages_to_mb(highmem_pages));
590 max_low_pfn -= highmem_pages;
594 printk(KERN_ERR "ignoring highmem size on non-highmem kernel!\n");
598 #define MSG_HIGHMEM_TOO_SMALL \
599 "only %luMB highmem pages available, ignoring highmem size of %luMB!\n"
601 #define MSG_HIGHMEM_TRIMMED \
602 "Warning: only 4GB will be used. Use a HIGHMEM64G enabled kernel!\n"
604 * We have more RAM than fits into lowmem - we try to put it into
605 * highmem, also taking the highmem=x boot parameter into account:
607 static void __init highmem_pfn_init(void)
609 max_low_pfn = MAXMEM_PFN;
611 if (highmem_pages == -1)
612 highmem_pages = max_pfn - MAXMEM_PFN;
614 if (highmem_pages + MAXMEM_PFN < max_pfn)
615 max_pfn = MAXMEM_PFN + highmem_pages;
617 if (highmem_pages + MAXMEM_PFN > max_pfn) {
618 printk(KERN_WARNING MSG_HIGHMEM_TOO_SMALL,
619 pages_to_mb(max_pfn - MAXMEM_PFN),
620 pages_to_mb(highmem_pages));
623 #ifndef CONFIG_HIGHMEM
624 /* Maximum memory usable is what is directly addressable */
625 printk(KERN_WARNING "Warning only %ldMB will be used.\n", MAXMEM>>20);
626 if (max_pfn > MAX_NONPAE_PFN)
627 printk(KERN_WARNING "Use a HIGHMEM64G enabled kernel.\n");
629 printk(KERN_WARNING "Use a HIGHMEM enabled kernel.\n");
630 max_pfn = MAXMEM_PFN;
631 #else /* !CONFIG_HIGHMEM */
632 #ifndef CONFIG_HIGHMEM64G
633 if (max_pfn > MAX_NONPAE_PFN) {
634 max_pfn = MAX_NONPAE_PFN;
635 printk(KERN_WARNING MSG_HIGHMEM_TRIMMED);
637 #endif /* !CONFIG_HIGHMEM64G */
638 #endif /* !CONFIG_HIGHMEM */
642 * Determine low and high memory ranges:
644 void __init find_low_pfn_range(void)
646 /* it could update max_pfn */
648 if (max_pfn <= MAXMEM_PFN)
654 #ifndef CONFIG_NEED_MULTIPLE_NODES
655 void __init initmem_init(void)
657 #ifdef CONFIG_HIGHMEM
658 highstart_pfn = highend_pfn = max_pfn;
659 if (max_pfn > max_low_pfn)
660 highstart_pfn = max_low_pfn;
661 printk(KERN_NOTICE "%ldMB HIGHMEM available.\n",
662 pages_to_mb(highend_pfn - highstart_pfn));
663 high_memory = (void *) __va(highstart_pfn * PAGE_SIZE - 1) + 1;
665 high_memory = (void *) __va(max_low_pfn * PAGE_SIZE - 1) + 1;
668 memblock_set_node(0, (phys_addr_t)ULLONG_MAX, &memblock.memory, 0);
669 sparse_memory_present_with_active_regions(0);
671 #ifdef CONFIG_FLATMEM
672 max_mapnr = IS_ENABLED(CONFIG_HIGHMEM) ? highend_pfn : max_low_pfn;
674 __vmalloc_start_set = true;
676 printk(KERN_NOTICE "%ldMB LOWMEM available.\n",
677 pages_to_mb(max_low_pfn));
679 setup_bootmem_allocator();
681 #endif /* !CONFIG_NEED_MULTIPLE_NODES */
683 void __init setup_bootmem_allocator(void)
685 printk(KERN_INFO " mapped low ram: 0 - %08lx\n",
686 max_pfn_mapped<<PAGE_SHIFT);
687 printk(KERN_INFO " low ram: 0 - %08lx\n", max_low_pfn<<PAGE_SHIFT);
691 * paging_init() sets up the page tables - note that the first 8MB are
692 * already mapped by head.S.
694 * This routines also unmaps the page at virtual kernel address 0, so
695 * that we can trap those pesky NULL-reference errors in the kernel.
697 void __init paging_init(void)
706 * NOTE: at this point the bootmem allocator is fully available.
708 olpc_dt_build_devicetree();
709 sparse_memory_present_with_active_regions(MAX_NUMNODES);
715 * Test if the WP bit works in supervisor mode. It isn't supported on 386's
716 * and also on some strange 486's. All 586+'s are OK. This used to involve
717 * black magic jumps to work around some nasty CPU bugs, but fortunately the
718 * switch to using exceptions got rid of all that.
720 static void __init test_wp_bit(void)
723 "Checking if this processor honours the WP bit even in supervisor mode...");
725 /* Any page-aligned address will do, the test is non-destructive */
726 __set_fixmap(FIX_WP_TEST, __pa(&swapper_pg_dir), PAGE_KERNEL_RO);
727 boot_cpu_data.wp_works_ok = do_test_wp_bit();
728 clear_fixmap(FIX_WP_TEST);
730 if (!boot_cpu_data.wp_works_ok) {
731 printk(KERN_CONT "No.\n");
732 panic("Linux doesn't support CPUs with broken WP.");
734 printk(KERN_CONT "Ok.\n");
738 void __init mem_init(void)
742 #ifdef CONFIG_FLATMEM
746 * With CONFIG_DEBUG_PAGEALLOC initialization of highmem pages has to
747 * be done before free_all_bootmem(). Memblock use free low memory for
748 * temporary data (see find_range_array()) and for this purpose can use
749 * pages that was already passed to the buddy allocator, hence marked as
750 * not accessible in the page tables when compiled with
751 * CONFIG_DEBUG_PAGEALLOC. Otherwise order of initialization is not
754 set_highmem_pages_init();
756 /* this will put all low memory onto the freelists */
761 mem_init_print_info(NULL);
762 printk(KERN_INFO "virtual kernel memory layout:\n"
763 " fixmap : 0x%08lx - 0x%08lx (%4ld kB)\n"
764 #ifdef CONFIG_HIGHMEM
765 " pkmap : 0x%08lx - 0x%08lx (%4ld kB)\n"
767 " vmalloc : 0x%08lx - 0x%08lx (%4ld MB)\n"
768 " lowmem : 0x%08lx - 0x%08lx (%4ld MB)\n"
769 " .init : 0x%08lx - 0x%08lx (%4ld kB)\n"
770 " .data : 0x%08lx - 0x%08lx (%4ld kB)\n"
771 " .text : 0x%08lx - 0x%08lx (%4ld kB)\n",
772 FIXADDR_START, FIXADDR_TOP,
773 (FIXADDR_TOP - FIXADDR_START) >> 10,
775 #ifdef CONFIG_HIGHMEM
776 PKMAP_BASE, PKMAP_BASE+LAST_PKMAP*PAGE_SIZE,
777 (LAST_PKMAP*PAGE_SIZE) >> 10,
780 VMALLOC_START, VMALLOC_END,
781 (VMALLOC_END - VMALLOC_START) >> 20,
783 (unsigned long)__va(0), (unsigned long)high_memory,
784 ((unsigned long)high_memory - (unsigned long)__va(0)) >> 20,
786 (unsigned long)&__init_begin, (unsigned long)&__init_end,
787 ((unsigned long)&__init_end -
788 (unsigned long)&__init_begin) >> 10,
790 (unsigned long)&_etext, (unsigned long)&_edata,
791 ((unsigned long)&_edata - (unsigned long)&_etext) >> 10,
793 (unsigned long)&_text, (unsigned long)&_etext,
794 ((unsigned long)&_etext - (unsigned long)&_text) >> 10);
797 * Check boundaries twice: Some fundamental inconsistencies can
798 * be detected at build time already.
800 #define __FIXADDR_TOP (-PAGE_SIZE)
801 #ifdef CONFIG_HIGHMEM
802 BUILD_BUG_ON(PKMAP_BASE + LAST_PKMAP*PAGE_SIZE > FIXADDR_START);
803 BUILD_BUG_ON(VMALLOC_END > PKMAP_BASE);
805 #define high_memory (-128UL << 20)
806 BUILD_BUG_ON(VMALLOC_START >= VMALLOC_END);
809 #ifdef CONFIG_RANDOMIZE_BASE
810 BUILD_BUG_ON(CONFIG_RANDOMIZE_BASE_MAX_OFFSET > KERNEL_IMAGE_SIZE);
813 #ifdef CONFIG_HIGHMEM
814 BUG_ON(PKMAP_BASE + LAST_PKMAP*PAGE_SIZE > FIXADDR_START);
815 BUG_ON(VMALLOC_END > PKMAP_BASE);
817 BUG_ON(VMALLOC_START >= VMALLOC_END);
818 BUG_ON((unsigned long)high_memory > VMALLOC_START);
820 if (boot_cpu_data.wp_works_ok < 0)
824 #ifdef CONFIG_MEMORY_HOTPLUG
825 int arch_add_memory(int nid, u64 start, u64 size)
827 struct pglist_data *pgdata = NODE_DATA(nid);
828 struct zone *zone = pgdata->node_zones + ZONE_HIGHMEM;
829 unsigned long start_pfn = start >> PAGE_SHIFT;
830 unsigned long nr_pages = size >> PAGE_SHIFT;
832 return __add_pages(nid, zone, start_pfn, nr_pages);
835 #ifdef CONFIG_MEMORY_HOTREMOVE
836 int arch_remove_memory(u64 start, u64 size)
838 unsigned long start_pfn = start >> PAGE_SHIFT;
839 unsigned long nr_pages = size >> PAGE_SHIFT;
842 zone = page_zone(pfn_to_page(start_pfn));
843 return __remove_pages(zone, start_pfn, nr_pages);
849 * This function cannot be __init, since exceptions don't work in that
850 * section. Put this after the callers, so that it cannot be inlined.
852 static noinline int do_test_wp_bit(void)
857 __asm__ __volatile__(
863 :"=m" (*(char *)fix_to_virt(FIX_WP_TEST)),
872 #ifdef CONFIG_DEBUG_RODATA
873 const int rodata_test_data = 0xC3;
874 EXPORT_SYMBOL_GPL(rodata_test_data);
876 int kernel_set_to_readonly __read_mostly;
878 void set_kernel_text_rw(void)
880 unsigned long start = PFN_ALIGN(_text);
881 unsigned long size = PFN_ALIGN(_etext) - start;
883 if (!kernel_set_to_readonly)
886 pr_debug("Set kernel text: %lx - %lx for read write\n",
889 set_pages_rw(virt_to_page(start), size >> PAGE_SHIFT);
892 void set_kernel_text_ro(void)
894 unsigned long start = PFN_ALIGN(_text);
895 unsigned long size = PFN_ALIGN(_etext) - start;
897 if (!kernel_set_to_readonly)
900 pr_debug("Set kernel text: %lx - %lx for read only\n",
903 set_pages_ro(virt_to_page(start), size >> PAGE_SHIFT);
906 static void mark_nxdata_nx(void)
909 * When this called, init has already been executed and released,
910 * so everything past _etext should be NX.
912 unsigned long start = PFN_ALIGN(_etext);
914 * This comes from is_kernel_text upper limit. Also HPAGE where used:
916 unsigned long size = (((unsigned long)__init_end + HPAGE_SIZE) & HPAGE_MASK) - start;
918 if (__supported_pte_mask & _PAGE_NX)
919 printk(KERN_INFO "NX-protecting the kernel data: %luk\n", size >> 10);
920 set_pages_nx(virt_to_page(start), size >> PAGE_SHIFT);
923 void mark_rodata_ro(void)
925 unsigned long start = PFN_ALIGN(_text);
926 unsigned long size = PFN_ALIGN(_etext) - start;
928 set_pages_ro(virt_to_page(start), size >> PAGE_SHIFT);
929 printk(KERN_INFO "Write protecting the kernel text: %luk\n",
932 kernel_set_to_readonly = 1;
934 #ifdef CONFIG_CPA_DEBUG
935 printk(KERN_INFO "Testing CPA: Reverting %lx-%lx\n",
937 set_pages_rw(virt_to_page(start), size>>PAGE_SHIFT);
939 printk(KERN_INFO "Testing CPA: write protecting again\n");
940 set_pages_ro(virt_to_page(start), size>>PAGE_SHIFT);
944 size = (unsigned long)__end_rodata - start;
945 set_pages_ro(virt_to_page(start), size >> PAGE_SHIFT);
946 printk(KERN_INFO "Write protecting the kernel read-only data: %luk\n",
950 #ifdef CONFIG_CPA_DEBUG
951 printk(KERN_INFO "Testing CPA: undo %lx-%lx\n", start, start + size);
952 set_pages_rw(virt_to_page(start), size >> PAGE_SHIFT);
954 printk(KERN_INFO "Testing CPA: write protecting again\n");
955 set_pages_ro(virt_to_page(start), size >> PAGE_SHIFT);