2 * Copyright (C) 1995 Linus Torvalds
4 * Support of BIGMEM added by Gerhard Wichert, Siemens AG, July 1999
6 * Memory region support
7 * David Parsons <orc@pell.chi.il.us>, July-August 1999
9 * Added E820 sanitization routine (removes overlapping memory regions);
10 * Brian Moyle <bmoyle@mvista.com>, February 2001
12 * Moved CPU detection code to cpu/${cpu}.c
13 * Patrick Mochel <mochel@osdl.org>, March 2002
15 * Provisions for empty E820 memory regions (reported by certain BIOSes).
16 * Alex Achenbach <xela@slit.de>, December 2002.
21 * This file handles the architecture-dependent parts of initialization
24 #include <linux/sched.h>
26 #include <linux/mmzone.h>
27 #include <linux/screen_info.h>
28 #include <linux/ioport.h>
29 #include <linux/acpi.h>
30 #include <linux/sfi.h>
31 #include <linux/apm_bios.h>
32 #include <linux/initrd.h>
33 #include <linux/bootmem.h>
34 #include <linux/memblock.h>
35 #include <linux/seq_file.h>
36 #include <linux/console.h>
37 #include <linux/root_dev.h>
38 #include <linux/highmem.h>
39 #include <linux/module.h>
40 #include <linux/efi.h>
41 #include <linux/init.h>
42 #include <linux/edd.h>
43 #include <linux/iscsi_ibft.h>
44 #include <linux/nodemask.h>
45 #include <linux/kexec.h>
46 #include <linux/dmi.h>
47 #include <linux/pfn.h>
48 #include <linux/pci.h>
49 #include <asm/pci-direct.h>
50 #include <linux/init_ohci1394_dma.h>
51 #include <linux/kvm_para.h>
52 #include <linux/dma-contiguous.h>
54 #include <linux/errno.h>
55 #include <linux/kernel.h>
56 #include <linux/stddef.h>
57 #include <linux/unistd.h>
58 #include <linux/ptrace.h>
59 #include <linux/user.h>
60 #include <linux/delay.h>
62 #include <linux/kallsyms.h>
63 #include <linux/cpufreq.h>
64 #include <linux/dma-mapping.h>
65 #include <linux/ctype.h>
66 #include <linux/uaccess.h>
68 #include <linux/percpu.h>
69 #include <linux/crash_dump.h>
70 #include <linux/tboot.h>
71 #include <linux/jiffies.h>
73 #include <video/edid.h>
77 #include <asm/realmode.h>
79 #include <asm/mpspec.h>
80 #include <asm/setup.h>
82 #include <asm/timer.h>
83 #include <asm/i8259.h>
84 #include <asm/sections.h>
86 #include <asm/io_apic.h>
88 #include <asm/setup_arch.h>
89 #include <asm/bios_ebda.h>
90 #include <asm/cacheflush.h>
91 #include <asm/processor.h>
94 #include <asm/vsyscall.h>
98 #include <asm/iommu.h>
100 #include <asm/mmu_context.h>
101 #include <asm/proto.h>
103 #include <asm/paravirt.h>
104 #include <asm/hypervisor.h>
105 #include <asm/olpc_ofw.h>
107 #include <asm/percpu.h>
108 #include <asm/topology.h>
109 #include <asm/apicdef.h>
110 #include <asm/amd_nb.h>
112 #include <asm/numa_64.h>
115 #include <asm/alternative.h>
116 #include <asm/prom.h>
119 * max_low_pfn_mapped: highest direct mapped pfn under 4GB
120 * max_pfn_mapped: highest direct mapped pfn over 4GB
122 * The direct mapping only covers E820_RAM regions, so the ranges and gaps are
123 * represented by pfn_mapped
125 unsigned long max_low_pfn_mapped;
126 unsigned long max_pfn_mapped;
127 unsigned long min_pfn_mapped;
130 RESERVE_BRK(dmi_alloc, 65536);
134 static __initdata unsigned long _brk_start = (unsigned long)__brk_base;
135 unsigned long _brk_end = (unsigned long)__brk_base;
138 int default_cpu_present_to_apicid(int mps_cpu)
140 return __default_cpu_present_to_apicid(mps_cpu);
143 int default_check_phys_apicid_present(int phys_apicid)
145 return __default_check_phys_apicid_present(phys_apicid);
149 #ifndef CONFIG_DEBUG_BOOT_PARAMS
150 struct boot_params __initdata boot_params;
152 struct boot_params boot_params;
158 static struct resource data_resource = {
159 .name = "Kernel data",
162 .flags = IORESOURCE_BUSY | IORESOURCE_MEM
165 static struct resource code_resource = {
166 .name = "Kernel code",
169 .flags = IORESOURCE_BUSY | IORESOURCE_MEM
172 static struct resource bss_resource = {
173 .name = "Kernel bss",
176 .flags = IORESOURCE_BUSY | IORESOURCE_MEM
181 /* cpu data as detected by the assembly code in head.S */
182 struct cpuinfo_x86 new_cpu_data __cpuinitdata = {0, 0, 0, 0, -1, 1, 0, 0, -1};
183 /* common cpu data for all cpus */
184 struct cpuinfo_x86 boot_cpu_data __read_mostly = {0, 0, 0, 0, -1, 1, 0, 0, -1};
185 EXPORT_SYMBOL(boot_cpu_data);
187 unsigned int def_to_bigsmp;
189 /* for MCA, but anyone else can use it if they want */
190 unsigned int machine_id;
191 unsigned int machine_submodel_id;
192 unsigned int BIOS_revision;
194 struct apm_info apm_info;
195 EXPORT_SYMBOL(apm_info);
197 #if defined(CONFIG_X86_SPEEDSTEP_SMI) || \
198 defined(CONFIG_X86_SPEEDSTEP_SMI_MODULE)
199 struct ist_info ist_info;
200 EXPORT_SYMBOL(ist_info);
202 struct ist_info ist_info;
206 struct cpuinfo_x86 boot_cpu_data __read_mostly = {
207 .x86_phys_bits = MAX_PHYSMEM_BITS,
209 EXPORT_SYMBOL(boot_cpu_data);
213 #if !defined(CONFIG_X86_PAE) || defined(CONFIG_X86_64)
214 unsigned long mmu_cr4_features;
216 unsigned long mmu_cr4_features = X86_CR4_PAE;
219 /* Boot loader ID and version as integers, for the benefit of proc_dointvec */
220 int bootloader_type, bootloader_version;
225 struct screen_info screen_info;
226 EXPORT_SYMBOL(screen_info);
227 struct edid_info edid_info;
228 EXPORT_SYMBOL_GPL(edid_info);
230 extern int root_mountflags;
232 unsigned long saved_video_mode;
234 #define RAMDISK_IMAGE_START_MASK 0x07FF
235 #define RAMDISK_PROMPT_FLAG 0x8000
236 #define RAMDISK_LOAD_FLAG 0x4000
238 static char __initdata command_line[COMMAND_LINE_SIZE];
239 #ifdef CONFIG_CMDLINE_BOOL
240 static char __initdata builtin_cmdline[COMMAND_LINE_SIZE] = CONFIG_CMDLINE;
243 #if defined(CONFIG_EDD) || defined(CONFIG_EDD_MODULE)
245 #ifdef CONFIG_EDD_MODULE
249 * copy_edd() - Copy the BIOS EDD information
250 * from boot_params into a safe place.
253 static inline void __init copy_edd(void)
255 memcpy(edd.mbr_signature, boot_params.edd_mbr_sig_buffer,
256 sizeof(edd.mbr_signature));
257 memcpy(edd.edd_info, boot_params.eddbuf, sizeof(edd.edd_info));
258 edd.mbr_signature_nr = boot_params.edd_mbr_sig_buf_entries;
259 edd.edd_info_nr = boot_params.eddbuf_entries;
262 static inline void __init copy_edd(void)
267 void * __init extend_brk(size_t size, size_t align)
269 size_t mask = align - 1;
272 BUG_ON(_brk_start == 0);
273 BUG_ON(align & mask);
275 _brk_end = (_brk_end + mask) & ~mask;
276 BUG_ON((char *)(_brk_end + size) > __brk_limit);
278 ret = (void *)_brk_end;
281 memset(ret, 0, size);
287 static void __init init_gbpages(void)
289 if (direct_gbpages && cpu_has_gbpages)
290 printk(KERN_INFO "Using GB pages for direct mapping\n");
295 static inline void init_gbpages(void)
298 static void __init cleanup_highmap(void)
303 static void __init reserve_brk(void)
305 if (_brk_end > _brk_start)
306 memblock_reserve(__pa(_brk_start),
307 __pa(_brk_end) - __pa(_brk_start));
309 /* Mark brk area as locked down and no longer taking any
314 #ifdef CONFIG_BLK_DEV_INITRD
316 #define MAX_MAP_CHUNK (NR_FIX_BTMAPS << PAGE_SHIFT)
317 static void __init relocate_initrd(void)
319 /* Assume only end is not page aligned */
320 u64 ramdisk_image = boot_params.hdr.ramdisk_image;
321 u64 ramdisk_size = boot_params.hdr.ramdisk_size;
322 u64 area_size = PAGE_ALIGN(ramdisk_size);
324 unsigned long slop, clen, mapaddr;
327 /* We need to move the initrd down into directly mapped mem */
328 ramdisk_here = memblock_find_in_range(0, PFN_PHYS(max_pfn_mapped),
329 area_size, PAGE_SIZE);
332 panic("Cannot find place for new RAMDISK of size %lld\n",
335 /* Note: this includes all the mem currently occupied by
336 the initrd, we rely on that fact to keep the data intact. */
337 memblock_reserve(ramdisk_here, area_size);
338 initrd_start = ramdisk_here + PAGE_OFFSET;
339 initrd_end = initrd_start + ramdisk_size;
340 printk(KERN_INFO "Allocated new RAMDISK: [mem %#010llx-%#010llx]\n",
341 ramdisk_here, ramdisk_here + ramdisk_size - 1);
343 q = (char *)initrd_start;
345 /* Copy the initrd */
346 while (ramdisk_size) {
347 slop = ramdisk_image & ~PAGE_MASK;
349 if (clen > MAX_MAP_CHUNK-slop)
350 clen = MAX_MAP_CHUNK-slop;
351 mapaddr = ramdisk_image & PAGE_MASK;
352 p = early_memremap(mapaddr, clen+slop);
353 memcpy(q, p+slop, clen);
354 early_iounmap(p, clen+slop);
356 ramdisk_image += clen;
357 ramdisk_size -= clen;
360 ramdisk_image = boot_params.hdr.ramdisk_image;
361 ramdisk_size = boot_params.hdr.ramdisk_size;
362 printk(KERN_INFO "Move RAMDISK from [mem %#010llx-%#010llx] to"
363 " [mem %#010llx-%#010llx]\n",
364 ramdisk_image, ramdisk_image + ramdisk_size - 1,
365 ramdisk_here, ramdisk_here + ramdisk_size - 1);
368 static u64 __init get_mem_size(unsigned long limit_pfn)
371 u64 mapped_pages = 0;
372 unsigned long start_pfn, end_pfn;
374 for_each_mem_pfn_range(i, MAX_NUMNODES, &start_pfn, &end_pfn, NULL) {
375 start_pfn = min_t(unsigned long, start_pfn, limit_pfn);
376 end_pfn = min_t(unsigned long, end_pfn, limit_pfn);
377 mapped_pages += end_pfn - start_pfn;
380 return mapped_pages << PAGE_SHIFT;
382 static void __init reserve_initrd(void)
384 /* Assume only end is not page aligned */
385 u64 ramdisk_image = boot_params.hdr.ramdisk_image;
386 u64 ramdisk_size = boot_params.hdr.ramdisk_size;
387 u64 ramdisk_end = PAGE_ALIGN(ramdisk_image + ramdisk_size);
390 if (!boot_params.hdr.type_of_loader ||
391 !ramdisk_image || !ramdisk_size)
392 return; /* No initrd provided by bootloader */
396 mapped_size = get_mem_size(max_pfn_mapped);
397 if (ramdisk_size >= (mapped_size>>1))
398 panic("initrd too large to handle, "
399 "disabling initrd (%lld needed, %lld available)\n",
400 ramdisk_size, mapped_size>>1);
402 printk(KERN_INFO "RAMDISK: [mem %#010llx-%#010llx]\n", ramdisk_image,
405 if (pfn_range_is_mapped(PFN_DOWN(ramdisk_image),
406 PFN_DOWN(ramdisk_end))) {
407 /* All are mapped, easy case */
409 * don't need to reserve again, already reserved early
410 * in i386_start_kernel
412 initrd_start = ramdisk_image + PAGE_OFFSET;
413 initrd_end = initrd_start + ramdisk_size;
419 memblock_free(ramdisk_image, ramdisk_end - ramdisk_image);
422 static void __init reserve_initrd(void)
425 #endif /* CONFIG_BLK_DEV_INITRD */
427 static void __init parse_setup_data(void)
429 struct setup_data *data;
432 if (boot_params.hdr.version < 0x0209)
434 pa_data = boot_params.hdr.setup_data;
436 u32 data_len, map_len;
438 map_len = max(PAGE_SIZE - (pa_data & ~PAGE_MASK),
439 (u64)sizeof(struct setup_data));
440 data = early_memremap(pa_data, map_len);
441 data_len = data->len + sizeof(struct setup_data);
442 if (data_len > map_len) {
443 early_iounmap(data, map_len);
444 data = early_memremap(pa_data, data_len);
448 switch (data->type) {
450 parse_e820_ext(data);
458 pa_data = data->next;
459 early_iounmap(data, map_len);
463 static void __init e820_reserve_setup_data(void)
465 struct setup_data *data;
469 if (boot_params.hdr.version < 0x0209)
471 pa_data = boot_params.hdr.setup_data;
473 data = early_memremap(pa_data, sizeof(*data));
474 e820_update_range(pa_data, sizeof(*data)+data->len,
475 E820_RAM, E820_RESERVED_KERN);
477 pa_data = data->next;
478 early_iounmap(data, sizeof(*data));
483 sanitize_e820_map(e820.map, ARRAY_SIZE(e820.map), &e820.nr_map);
484 memcpy(&e820_saved, &e820, sizeof(struct e820map));
485 printk(KERN_INFO "extended physical RAM map:\n");
486 e820_print_map("reserve setup_data");
489 static void __init memblock_x86_reserve_range_setup_data(void)
491 struct setup_data *data;
494 if (boot_params.hdr.version < 0x0209)
496 pa_data = boot_params.hdr.setup_data;
498 data = early_memremap(pa_data, sizeof(*data));
499 memblock_reserve(pa_data, sizeof(*data) + data->len);
500 pa_data = data->next;
501 early_iounmap(data, sizeof(*data));
506 * --------- Crashkernel reservation ------------------------------
512 * Keep the crash kernel below this limit. On 32 bits earlier kernels
513 * would limit the kernel to the low 512 MiB due to mapping restrictions.
514 * On 64 bits, kexec-tools currently limits us to 896 MiB; increase this
515 * limit once kexec-tools are fixed.
518 # define CRASH_KERNEL_ADDR_MAX (512 << 20)
520 # define CRASH_KERNEL_ADDR_MAX (896 << 20)
523 static void __init reserve_crashkernel(void)
525 unsigned long long total_mem;
526 unsigned long long crash_size, crash_base;
529 total_mem = memblock_phys_mem_size();
531 ret = parse_crashkernel(boot_command_line, total_mem,
532 &crash_size, &crash_base);
533 if (ret != 0 || crash_size <= 0)
536 /* 0 means: find the address automatically */
537 if (crash_base <= 0) {
538 const unsigned long long alignment = 16<<20; /* 16M */
541 * kexec want bzImage is below CRASH_KERNEL_ADDR_MAX
543 crash_base = memblock_find_in_range(alignment,
544 CRASH_KERNEL_ADDR_MAX, crash_size, alignment);
547 pr_info("crashkernel reservation failed - No suitable area found.\n");
551 unsigned long long start;
553 start = memblock_find_in_range(crash_base,
554 crash_base + crash_size, crash_size, 1<<20);
555 if (start != crash_base) {
556 pr_info("crashkernel reservation failed - memory is in use.\n");
560 memblock_reserve(crash_base, crash_size);
562 printk(KERN_INFO "Reserving %ldMB of memory at %ldMB "
563 "for crashkernel (System RAM: %ldMB)\n",
564 (unsigned long)(crash_size >> 20),
565 (unsigned long)(crash_base >> 20),
566 (unsigned long)(total_mem >> 20));
568 crashk_res.start = crash_base;
569 crashk_res.end = crash_base + crash_size - 1;
570 insert_resource(&iomem_resource, &crashk_res);
573 static void __init reserve_crashkernel(void)
578 static struct resource standard_io_resources[] = {
579 { .name = "dma1", .start = 0x00, .end = 0x1f,
580 .flags = IORESOURCE_BUSY | IORESOURCE_IO },
581 { .name = "pic1", .start = 0x20, .end = 0x21,
582 .flags = IORESOURCE_BUSY | IORESOURCE_IO },
583 { .name = "timer0", .start = 0x40, .end = 0x43,
584 .flags = IORESOURCE_BUSY | IORESOURCE_IO },
585 { .name = "timer1", .start = 0x50, .end = 0x53,
586 .flags = IORESOURCE_BUSY | IORESOURCE_IO },
587 { .name = "keyboard", .start = 0x60, .end = 0x60,
588 .flags = IORESOURCE_BUSY | IORESOURCE_IO },
589 { .name = "keyboard", .start = 0x64, .end = 0x64,
590 .flags = IORESOURCE_BUSY | IORESOURCE_IO },
591 { .name = "dma page reg", .start = 0x80, .end = 0x8f,
592 .flags = IORESOURCE_BUSY | IORESOURCE_IO },
593 { .name = "pic2", .start = 0xa0, .end = 0xa1,
594 .flags = IORESOURCE_BUSY | IORESOURCE_IO },
595 { .name = "dma2", .start = 0xc0, .end = 0xdf,
596 .flags = IORESOURCE_BUSY | IORESOURCE_IO },
597 { .name = "fpu", .start = 0xf0, .end = 0xff,
598 .flags = IORESOURCE_BUSY | IORESOURCE_IO }
601 void __init reserve_standard_io_resources(void)
605 /* request I/O space for devices used on all i[345]86 PCs */
606 for (i = 0; i < ARRAY_SIZE(standard_io_resources); i++)
607 request_resource(&ioport_resource, &standard_io_resources[i]);
611 static __init void reserve_ibft_region(void)
613 unsigned long addr, size = 0;
615 addr = find_ibft_region(&size);
618 memblock_reserve(addr, size);
621 static unsigned reserve_low = CONFIG_X86_RESERVE_LOW << 10;
623 static void __init trim_bios_range(void)
626 * A special case is the first 4Kb of memory;
627 * This is a BIOS owned area, not kernel ram, but generally
628 * not listed as such in the E820 table.
630 * This typically reserves additional memory (64KiB by default)
631 * since some BIOSes are known to corrupt low memory. See the
632 * Kconfig help text for X86_RESERVE_LOW.
634 e820_update_range(0, ALIGN(reserve_low, PAGE_SIZE),
635 E820_RAM, E820_RESERVED);
638 * special case: Some BIOSen report the PC BIOS
639 * area (640->1Mb) as ram even though it is not.
642 e820_remove_range(BIOS_BEGIN, BIOS_END - BIOS_BEGIN, E820_RAM, 1);
643 sanitize_e820_map(e820.map, ARRAY_SIZE(e820.map), &e820.nr_map);
646 static int __init parse_reservelow(char *p)
648 unsigned long long size;
653 size = memparse(p, &p);
666 early_param("reservelow", parse_reservelow);
669 * Determine if we were loaded by an EFI loader. If so, then we have also been
670 * passed the efi memmap, systab, etc., so we should use these data structures
671 * for initialization. Note, the efi init code path is determined by the
672 * global efi_enabled. This allows the same kernel image to be used on existing
673 * systems (with a traditional BIOS) as well as on EFI systems.
676 * setup_arch - architecture-specific boot-time initializations
678 * Note: On x86_64, fixmaps are ready for use even before this is called.
681 void __init setup_arch(char **cmdline_p)
684 memcpy(&boot_cpu_data, &new_cpu_data, sizeof(new_cpu_data));
685 visws_early_detect();
688 * copy kernel address range established so far and switch
689 * to the proper swapper page table
691 clone_pgd_range(swapper_pg_dir + KERNEL_PGD_BOUNDARY,
692 initial_page_table + KERNEL_PGD_BOUNDARY,
695 load_cr3(swapper_pg_dir);
698 printk(KERN_INFO "Command line: %s\n", boot_command_line);
702 * If we have OLPC OFW, we might end up relocating the fixmap due to
703 * reserve_top(), so do this before touching the ioremap area.
709 early_ioremap_init();
711 setup_olpc_ofw_pgd();
713 ROOT_DEV = old_decode_dev(boot_params.hdr.root_dev);
714 screen_info = boot_params.screen_info;
715 edid_info = boot_params.edid_info;
717 apm_info.bios = boot_params.apm_bios_info;
718 ist_info = boot_params.ist_info;
719 if (boot_params.sys_desc_table.length != 0) {
720 machine_id = boot_params.sys_desc_table.table[0];
721 machine_submodel_id = boot_params.sys_desc_table.table[1];
722 BIOS_revision = boot_params.sys_desc_table.table[2];
725 saved_video_mode = boot_params.hdr.vid_mode;
726 bootloader_type = boot_params.hdr.type_of_loader;
727 if ((bootloader_type >> 4) == 0xe) {
728 bootloader_type &= 0xf;
729 bootloader_type |= (boot_params.hdr.ext_loader_type+0x10) << 4;
731 bootloader_version = bootloader_type & 0xf;
732 bootloader_version |= boot_params.hdr.ext_loader_ver << 4;
734 #ifdef CONFIG_BLK_DEV_RAM
735 rd_image_start = boot_params.hdr.ram_size & RAMDISK_IMAGE_START_MASK;
736 rd_prompt = ((boot_params.hdr.ram_size & RAMDISK_PROMPT_FLAG) != 0);
737 rd_doload = ((boot_params.hdr.ram_size & RAMDISK_LOAD_FLAG) != 0);
740 if (!strncmp((char *)&boot_params.efi_info.efi_loader_signature,
744 } else if (!strncmp((char *)&boot_params.efi_info.efi_loader_signature,
749 if (efi_enabled && efi_memblock_x86_reserve_range())
753 x86_init.oem.arch_setup();
755 iomem_resource.end = (1ULL << boot_cpu_data.x86_phys_bits) - 1;
758 /* update the e820_saved too */
759 e820_reserve_setup_data();
763 if (!boot_params.hdr.root_flags)
764 root_mountflags &= ~MS_RDONLY;
765 init_mm.start_code = (unsigned long) _text;
766 init_mm.end_code = (unsigned long) _etext;
767 init_mm.end_data = (unsigned long) _edata;
768 init_mm.brk = _brk_end;
770 code_resource.start = virt_to_phys(_text);
771 code_resource.end = virt_to_phys(_etext)-1;
772 data_resource.start = virt_to_phys(_etext);
773 data_resource.end = virt_to_phys(_edata)-1;
774 bss_resource.start = virt_to_phys(&__bss_start);
775 bss_resource.end = virt_to_phys(&__bss_stop)-1;
777 #ifdef CONFIG_CMDLINE_BOOL
778 #ifdef CONFIG_CMDLINE_OVERRIDE
779 strlcpy(boot_command_line, builtin_cmdline, COMMAND_LINE_SIZE);
781 if (builtin_cmdline[0]) {
782 /* append boot loader cmdline to builtin */
783 strlcat(builtin_cmdline, " ", COMMAND_LINE_SIZE);
784 strlcat(builtin_cmdline, boot_command_line, COMMAND_LINE_SIZE);
785 strlcpy(boot_command_line, builtin_cmdline, COMMAND_LINE_SIZE);
790 strlcpy(command_line, boot_command_line, COMMAND_LINE_SIZE);
791 *cmdline_p = command_line;
794 * x86_configure_nx() is called before parse_early_param() to detect
795 * whether hardware doesn't support NX (so that the early EHCI debug
796 * console setup can safely call set_fixmap()). It may then be called
797 * again from within noexec_setup() during parsing early parameters
798 * to honor the respective command line option.
806 /* after early param, so could get panic from serial */
807 memblock_x86_reserve_range_setup_data();
809 if (acpi_mps_check()) {
810 #ifdef CONFIG_X86_LOCAL_APIC
813 setup_clear_cpu_cap(X86_FEATURE_APIC);
817 if (pci_early_dump_regs)
818 early_dump_pci_devices();
821 finish_e820_parsing();
829 * VMware detection requires dmi to be available, so this
830 * needs to be done after dmi_scan_machine, for the BP.
832 init_hypervisor_platform();
834 x86_init.resources.probe_roms();
836 /* after parse_early_param, so could debug it */
837 insert_resource(&iomem_resource, &code_resource);
838 insert_resource(&iomem_resource, &data_resource);
839 insert_resource(&iomem_resource, &bss_resource);
842 * Complain if .text .data and .bss are not marked as E820_RAM and
843 * attempt to fix it by adding the range. We may have a confused BIOS,
844 * or the user may have incorrectly supplied it via memmap=exactmap. If
845 * we really are running on top non-RAM, we will crash later anyways.
847 if (!e820_all_mapped(code_resource.start, __pa(__brk_limit), E820_RAM)) {
848 pr_warn(".text .data .bss are not marked as E820_RAM!\n");
850 e820_add_region(code_resource.start,
851 __pa(__brk_limit) - code_resource.start + 1,
857 if (ppro_with_ram_bug()) {
858 e820_update_range(0x70000000ULL, 0x40000ULL, E820_RAM,
860 sanitize_e820_map(e820.map, ARRAY_SIZE(e820.map), &e820.nr_map);
861 printk(KERN_INFO "fixed physical RAM map:\n");
862 e820_print_map("bad_ppro");
865 early_gart_iommu_check();
869 * partially used pages are not usable - thus
870 * we are rounding upwards:
872 max_pfn = e820_end_of_ram_pfn();
874 /* update e820 for memory not covered by WB MTRRs */
876 if (mtrr_trim_uncached_memory(max_pfn))
877 max_pfn = e820_end_of_ram_pfn();
880 /* max_low_pfn get updated here */
881 find_low_pfn_range();
883 num_physpages = max_pfn;
887 /* How many end-of-memory variables you have, grandma! */
888 /* need this before calling reserve_initrd */
889 if (max_pfn > (1UL<<(32 - PAGE_SHIFT)))
890 max_low_pfn = e820_end_of_low_ram_pfn();
892 max_low_pfn = max_pfn;
894 high_memory = (void *)__va(max_pfn * PAGE_SIZE - 1) + 1;
898 * Find and reserve possible boot-time SMP configuration:
902 reserve_ibft_region();
904 early_alloc_pgt_buf();
907 * Need to conclude brk, before memblock_x86_fill()
908 * it could use memblock_find_in_range, could overlap with
915 memblock.current_limit = ISA_END_ADDRESS;
919 * The EFI specification says that boot service code won't be called
920 * after ExitBootServices(). This is, in fact, a lie.
923 efi_reserve_boot_services();
925 /* preallocate 4k for mptable mpc */
926 early_reserve_e820_mpc_new();
928 #ifdef CONFIG_X86_CHECK_BIOS_CORRUPTION
929 setup_bios_corruption_check();
932 printk(KERN_DEBUG "initial memory mapped: [mem 0x00000000-%#010lx]\n",
933 (max_pfn_mapped<<PAGE_SHIFT) - 1);
941 memblock.current_limit = get_max_mapped();
942 dma_contiguous_reserve(0);
945 * NOTE: On x86-32, only from this point on, fixmaps are ready for use.
948 #ifdef CONFIG_PROVIDE_OHCI1394_DMA_INIT
949 if (init_ohci1394_dma_early)
950 init_ohci1394_dma_on_all_controllers();
952 /* Allocate bigger log buffer */
957 reserve_crashkernel();
964 * Parse the ACPI tables for possible boot-time SMP configuration.
966 acpi_boot_table_init();
968 early_acpi_boot_init();
971 memblock_find_dma_reserve();
973 #ifdef CONFIG_KVM_GUEST
977 x86_init.paging.pagetable_init();
979 if (boot_cpu_data.cpuid_level >= 0) {
980 /* A CPU has %cr4 if and only if it has CPUID */
981 mmu_cr4_features = read_cr4();
982 if (trampoline_cr4_features)
983 *trampoline_cr4_features = mmu_cr4_features;
987 /* sync back kernel address range */
988 clone_pgd_range(initial_page_table + KERNEL_PGD_BOUNDARY,
989 swapper_pg_dir + KERNEL_PGD_BOUNDARY,
999 generic_apic_probe();
1004 * Read APIC and some other early information from ACPI tables.
1011 * get boot-time SMP configuration:
1013 if (smp_found_config)
1016 prefill_possible_map();
1020 init_apic_mappings();
1021 if (x86_io_apic_ops.init)
1022 x86_io_apic_ops.init();
1026 e820_reserve_resources();
1027 e820_mark_nosave_regions(max_low_pfn);
1029 x86_init.resources.reserve_resources();
1034 #if defined(CONFIG_VGA_CONSOLE)
1035 if (!efi_enabled || (efi_mem_type(0xa0000) != EFI_CONVENTIONAL_MEMORY))
1036 conswitchp = &vga_con;
1037 #elif defined(CONFIG_DUMMY_CONSOLE)
1038 conswitchp = &dummy_con;
1041 x86_init.oem.banner();
1043 x86_init.timers.wallclock_init();
1047 arch_init_ideal_nops();
1049 register_refined_jiffies(CLOCK_TICK_RATE);
1052 /* Once setup is done above, disable efi_enabled on mismatched
1053 * firmware/kernel archtectures since there is no support for
1056 if (efi_enabled && IS_ENABLED(CONFIG_X86_64) != efi_64bit) {
1057 pr_info("efi: Setup done, disabling due to 32/64-bit mismatch\n");
1064 #ifdef CONFIG_X86_32
1066 static struct resource video_ram_resource = {
1067 .name = "Video RAM area",
1070 .flags = IORESOURCE_BUSY | IORESOURCE_MEM
1073 void __init i386_reserve_resources(void)
1075 request_resource(&iomem_resource, &video_ram_resource);
1076 reserve_standard_io_resources();
1079 #endif /* CONFIG_X86_32 */