2 * Copyright (C) 1995 Linus Torvalds
4 * Support of BIGMEM added by Gerhard Wichert, Siemens AG, July 1999
6 * Memory region support
7 * David Parsons <orc@pell.chi.il.us>, July-August 1999
9 * Added E820 sanitization routine (removes overlapping memory regions);
10 * Brian Moyle <bmoyle@mvista.com>, February 2001
12 * Moved CPU detection code to cpu/${cpu}.c
13 * Patrick Mochel <mochel@osdl.org>, March 2002
15 * Provisions for empty E820 memory regions (reported by certain BIOSes).
16 * Alex Achenbach <xela@slit.de>, December 2002.
21 * This file handles the architecture-dependent parts of initialization
24 #include <linux/sched.h>
26 #include <linux/mmzone.h>
27 #include <linux/screen_info.h>
28 #include <linux/ioport.h>
29 #include <linux/acpi.h>
30 #include <linux/sfi.h>
31 #include <linux/apm_bios.h>
32 #include <linux/initrd.h>
33 #include <linux/bootmem.h>
34 #include <linux/memblock.h>
35 #include <linux/seq_file.h>
36 #include <linux/console.h>
37 #include <linux/root_dev.h>
38 #include <linux/highmem.h>
39 #include <linux/module.h>
40 #include <linux/efi.h>
41 #include <linux/init.h>
42 #include <linux/edd.h>
43 #include <linux/iscsi_ibft.h>
44 #include <linux/nodemask.h>
45 #include <linux/kexec.h>
46 #include <linux/dmi.h>
47 #include <linux/pfn.h>
48 #include <linux/pci.h>
49 #include <asm/pci-direct.h>
50 #include <linux/init_ohci1394_dma.h>
51 #include <linux/kvm_para.h>
52 #include <linux/dma-contiguous.h>
54 #include <linux/errno.h>
55 #include <linux/kernel.h>
56 #include <linux/stddef.h>
57 #include <linux/unistd.h>
58 #include <linux/ptrace.h>
59 #include <linux/user.h>
60 #include <linux/delay.h>
62 #include <linux/kallsyms.h>
63 #include <linux/cpufreq.h>
64 #include <linux/dma-mapping.h>
65 #include <linux/ctype.h>
66 #include <linux/uaccess.h>
68 #include <linux/percpu.h>
69 #include <linux/crash_dump.h>
70 #include <linux/tboot.h>
71 #include <linux/jiffies.h>
73 #include <video/edid.h>
77 #include <asm/realmode.h>
79 #include <asm/mpspec.h>
80 #include <asm/setup.h>
82 #include <asm/timer.h>
83 #include <asm/i8259.h>
84 #include <asm/sections.h>
86 #include <asm/io_apic.h>
88 #include <asm/setup_arch.h>
89 #include <asm/bios_ebda.h>
90 #include <asm/cacheflush.h>
91 #include <asm/processor.h>
94 #include <asm/vsyscall.h>
98 #include <asm/iommu.h>
100 #include <asm/mmu_context.h>
101 #include <asm/proto.h>
103 #include <asm/paravirt.h>
104 #include <asm/hypervisor.h>
105 #include <asm/olpc_ofw.h>
107 #include <asm/percpu.h>
108 #include <asm/topology.h>
109 #include <asm/apicdef.h>
110 #include <asm/amd_nb.h>
112 #include <asm/numa_64.h>
115 #include <asm/alternative.h>
116 #include <asm/prom.h>
119 * end_pfn only includes RAM, while max_pfn_mapped includes all e820 entries.
120 * The direct mapping extends to max_pfn_mapped, so that we can directly access
121 * apertures, ACPI and other tables without having to play with fixmaps.
123 unsigned long max_low_pfn_mapped;
124 unsigned long max_pfn_mapped;
127 RESERVE_BRK(dmi_alloc, 65536);
131 static __initdata unsigned long _brk_start = (unsigned long)__brk_base;
132 unsigned long _brk_end = (unsigned long)__brk_base;
135 int default_cpu_present_to_apicid(int mps_cpu)
137 return __default_cpu_present_to_apicid(mps_cpu);
140 int default_check_phys_apicid_present(int phys_apicid)
142 return __default_check_phys_apicid_present(phys_apicid);
146 #ifndef CONFIG_DEBUG_BOOT_PARAMS
147 struct boot_params __initdata boot_params;
149 struct boot_params boot_params;
155 static struct resource data_resource = {
156 .name = "Kernel data",
159 .flags = IORESOURCE_BUSY | IORESOURCE_MEM
162 static struct resource code_resource = {
163 .name = "Kernel code",
166 .flags = IORESOURCE_BUSY | IORESOURCE_MEM
169 static struct resource bss_resource = {
170 .name = "Kernel bss",
173 .flags = IORESOURCE_BUSY | IORESOURCE_MEM
178 /* cpu data as detected by the assembly code in head.S */
179 struct cpuinfo_x86 new_cpu_data __cpuinitdata = {0, 0, 0, 0, -1, 1, 0, 0, -1};
180 /* common cpu data for all cpus */
181 struct cpuinfo_x86 boot_cpu_data __read_mostly = {0, 0, 0, 0, -1, 1, 0, 0, -1};
182 EXPORT_SYMBOL(boot_cpu_data);
184 unsigned int def_to_bigsmp;
186 /* for MCA, but anyone else can use it if they want */
187 unsigned int machine_id;
188 unsigned int machine_submodel_id;
189 unsigned int BIOS_revision;
191 struct apm_info apm_info;
192 EXPORT_SYMBOL(apm_info);
194 #if defined(CONFIG_X86_SPEEDSTEP_SMI) || \
195 defined(CONFIG_X86_SPEEDSTEP_SMI_MODULE)
196 struct ist_info ist_info;
197 EXPORT_SYMBOL(ist_info);
199 struct ist_info ist_info;
203 struct cpuinfo_x86 boot_cpu_data __read_mostly = {
204 .x86_phys_bits = MAX_PHYSMEM_BITS,
206 EXPORT_SYMBOL(boot_cpu_data);
210 #if !defined(CONFIG_X86_PAE) || defined(CONFIG_X86_64)
211 unsigned long mmu_cr4_features;
213 unsigned long mmu_cr4_features = X86_CR4_PAE;
216 /* Boot loader ID and version as integers, for the benefit of proc_dointvec */
217 int bootloader_type, bootloader_version;
222 struct screen_info screen_info;
223 EXPORT_SYMBOL(screen_info);
224 struct edid_info edid_info;
225 EXPORT_SYMBOL_GPL(edid_info);
227 extern int root_mountflags;
229 unsigned long saved_video_mode;
231 #define RAMDISK_IMAGE_START_MASK 0x07FF
232 #define RAMDISK_PROMPT_FLAG 0x8000
233 #define RAMDISK_LOAD_FLAG 0x4000
235 static char __initdata command_line[COMMAND_LINE_SIZE];
236 #ifdef CONFIG_CMDLINE_BOOL
237 static char __initdata builtin_cmdline[COMMAND_LINE_SIZE] = CONFIG_CMDLINE;
240 #if defined(CONFIG_EDD) || defined(CONFIG_EDD_MODULE)
242 #ifdef CONFIG_EDD_MODULE
246 * copy_edd() - Copy the BIOS EDD information
247 * from boot_params into a safe place.
250 static inline void __init copy_edd(void)
252 memcpy(edd.mbr_signature, boot_params.edd_mbr_sig_buffer,
253 sizeof(edd.mbr_signature));
254 memcpy(edd.edd_info, boot_params.eddbuf, sizeof(edd.edd_info));
255 edd.mbr_signature_nr = boot_params.edd_mbr_sig_buf_entries;
256 edd.edd_info_nr = boot_params.eddbuf_entries;
259 static inline void __init copy_edd(void)
264 void * __init extend_brk(size_t size, size_t align)
266 size_t mask = align - 1;
269 BUG_ON(_brk_start == 0);
270 BUG_ON(align & mask);
272 _brk_end = (_brk_end + mask) & ~mask;
273 BUG_ON((char *)(_brk_end + size) > __brk_limit);
275 ret = (void *)_brk_end;
278 memset(ret, 0, size);
284 static void __init init_gbpages(void)
286 if (direct_gbpages && cpu_has_gbpages)
287 printk(KERN_INFO "Using GB pages for direct mapping\n");
292 static inline void init_gbpages(void)
295 static void __init cleanup_highmap(void)
300 static void __init reserve_brk(void)
302 if (_brk_end > _brk_start)
303 memblock_reserve(__pa(_brk_start),
304 __pa(_brk_end) - __pa(_brk_start));
306 /* Mark brk area as locked down and no longer taking any
311 #ifdef CONFIG_BLK_DEV_INITRD
313 #define MAX_MAP_CHUNK (NR_FIX_BTMAPS << PAGE_SHIFT)
314 static void __init relocate_initrd(void)
316 /* Assume only end is not page aligned */
317 u64 ramdisk_image = boot_params.hdr.ramdisk_image;
318 u64 ramdisk_size = boot_params.hdr.ramdisk_size;
319 u64 area_size = PAGE_ALIGN(ramdisk_size);
320 u64 end_of_lowmem = max_low_pfn_mapped << PAGE_SHIFT;
322 unsigned long slop, clen, mapaddr;
325 /* We need to move the initrd down into lowmem */
326 ramdisk_here = memblock_find_in_range(0, end_of_lowmem, area_size,
330 panic("Cannot find place for new RAMDISK of size %lld\n",
333 /* Note: this includes all the lowmem currently occupied by
334 the initrd, we rely on that fact to keep the data intact. */
335 memblock_reserve(ramdisk_here, area_size);
336 initrd_start = ramdisk_here + PAGE_OFFSET;
337 initrd_end = initrd_start + ramdisk_size;
338 printk(KERN_INFO "Allocated new RAMDISK: [mem %#010llx-%#010llx]\n",
339 ramdisk_here, ramdisk_here + ramdisk_size - 1);
341 q = (char *)initrd_start;
343 /* Copy any lowmem portion of the initrd */
344 if (ramdisk_image < end_of_lowmem) {
345 clen = end_of_lowmem - ramdisk_image;
346 p = (char *)__va(ramdisk_image);
349 ramdisk_image += clen;
350 ramdisk_size -= clen;
353 /* Copy the highmem portion of the initrd */
354 while (ramdisk_size) {
355 slop = ramdisk_image & ~PAGE_MASK;
357 if (clen > MAX_MAP_CHUNK-slop)
358 clen = MAX_MAP_CHUNK-slop;
359 mapaddr = ramdisk_image & PAGE_MASK;
360 p = early_memremap(mapaddr, clen+slop);
361 memcpy(q, p+slop, clen);
362 early_iounmap(p, clen+slop);
364 ramdisk_image += clen;
365 ramdisk_size -= clen;
367 /* high pages is not converted by early_res_to_bootmem */
368 ramdisk_image = boot_params.hdr.ramdisk_image;
369 ramdisk_size = boot_params.hdr.ramdisk_size;
370 printk(KERN_INFO "Move RAMDISK from [mem %#010llx-%#010llx] to"
371 " [mem %#010llx-%#010llx]\n",
372 ramdisk_image, ramdisk_image + ramdisk_size - 1,
373 ramdisk_here, ramdisk_here + ramdisk_size - 1);
376 static void __init reserve_initrd(void)
378 /* Assume only end is not page aligned */
379 u64 ramdisk_image = boot_params.hdr.ramdisk_image;
380 u64 ramdisk_size = boot_params.hdr.ramdisk_size;
381 u64 ramdisk_end = PAGE_ALIGN(ramdisk_image + ramdisk_size);
382 u64 end_of_lowmem = max_low_pfn_mapped << PAGE_SHIFT;
384 if (!boot_params.hdr.type_of_loader ||
385 !ramdisk_image || !ramdisk_size)
386 return; /* No initrd provided by bootloader */
390 if (ramdisk_size >= (end_of_lowmem>>1)) {
391 panic("initrd too large to handle, "
392 "disabling initrd (%lld needed, %lld available)\n",
393 ramdisk_size, end_of_lowmem>>1);
396 printk(KERN_INFO "RAMDISK: [mem %#010llx-%#010llx]\n", ramdisk_image,
400 if (ramdisk_end <= end_of_lowmem) {
401 /* All in lowmem, easy case */
403 * don't need to reserve again, already reserved early
404 * in i386_start_kernel
406 initrd_start = ramdisk_image + PAGE_OFFSET;
407 initrd_end = initrd_start + ramdisk_size;
413 memblock_free(ramdisk_image, ramdisk_end - ramdisk_image);
416 static void __init reserve_initrd(void)
419 #endif /* CONFIG_BLK_DEV_INITRD */
421 static void __init parse_setup_data(void)
423 struct setup_data *data;
426 if (boot_params.hdr.version < 0x0209)
428 pa_data = boot_params.hdr.setup_data;
430 u32 data_len, map_len;
432 map_len = max(PAGE_SIZE - (pa_data & ~PAGE_MASK),
433 (u64)sizeof(struct setup_data));
434 data = early_memremap(pa_data, map_len);
435 data_len = data->len + sizeof(struct setup_data);
436 if (data_len > map_len) {
437 early_iounmap(data, map_len);
438 data = early_memremap(pa_data, data_len);
442 switch (data->type) {
444 parse_e820_ext(data);
452 pa_data = data->next;
453 early_iounmap(data, map_len);
457 static void __init e820_reserve_setup_data(void)
459 struct setup_data *data;
463 if (boot_params.hdr.version < 0x0209)
465 pa_data = boot_params.hdr.setup_data;
467 data = early_memremap(pa_data, sizeof(*data));
468 e820_update_range(pa_data, sizeof(*data)+data->len,
469 E820_RAM, E820_RESERVED_KERN);
471 pa_data = data->next;
472 early_iounmap(data, sizeof(*data));
477 sanitize_e820_map(e820.map, ARRAY_SIZE(e820.map), &e820.nr_map);
478 memcpy(&e820_saved, &e820, sizeof(struct e820map));
479 printk(KERN_INFO "extended physical RAM map:\n");
480 e820_print_map("reserve setup_data");
483 static void __init memblock_x86_reserve_range_setup_data(void)
485 struct setup_data *data;
488 if (boot_params.hdr.version < 0x0209)
490 pa_data = boot_params.hdr.setup_data;
492 data = early_memremap(pa_data, sizeof(*data));
493 memblock_reserve(pa_data, sizeof(*data) + data->len);
494 pa_data = data->next;
495 early_iounmap(data, sizeof(*data));
500 * --------- Crashkernel reservation ------------------------------
506 * Keep the crash kernel below this limit. On 32 bits earlier kernels
507 * would limit the kernel to the low 512 MiB due to mapping restrictions.
508 * On 64 bits, kexec-tools currently limits us to 896 MiB; increase this
509 * limit once kexec-tools are fixed.
512 # define CRASH_KERNEL_ADDR_MAX (512 << 20)
514 # define CRASH_KERNEL_ADDR_MAX (896 << 20)
517 static void __init reserve_crashkernel(void)
519 unsigned long long total_mem;
520 unsigned long long crash_size, crash_base;
523 total_mem = memblock_phys_mem_size();
525 ret = parse_crashkernel(boot_command_line, total_mem,
526 &crash_size, &crash_base);
527 if (ret != 0 || crash_size <= 0)
530 /* 0 means: find the address automatically */
531 if (crash_base <= 0) {
532 const unsigned long long alignment = 16<<20; /* 16M */
535 * kexec want bzImage is below CRASH_KERNEL_ADDR_MAX
537 crash_base = memblock_find_in_range(alignment,
538 CRASH_KERNEL_ADDR_MAX, crash_size, alignment);
541 pr_info("crashkernel reservation failed - No suitable area found.\n");
545 unsigned long long start;
547 start = memblock_find_in_range(crash_base,
548 crash_base + crash_size, crash_size, 1<<20);
549 if (start != crash_base) {
550 pr_info("crashkernel reservation failed - memory is in use.\n");
554 memblock_reserve(crash_base, crash_size);
556 printk(KERN_INFO "Reserving %ldMB of memory at %ldMB "
557 "for crashkernel (System RAM: %ldMB)\n",
558 (unsigned long)(crash_size >> 20),
559 (unsigned long)(crash_base >> 20),
560 (unsigned long)(total_mem >> 20));
562 crashk_res.start = crash_base;
563 crashk_res.end = crash_base + crash_size - 1;
564 insert_resource(&iomem_resource, &crashk_res);
567 static void __init reserve_crashkernel(void)
572 static struct resource standard_io_resources[] = {
573 { .name = "dma1", .start = 0x00, .end = 0x1f,
574 .flags = IORESOURCE_BUSY | IORESOURCE_IO },
575 { .name = "pic1", .start = 0x20, .end = 0x21,
576 .flags = IORESOURCE_BUSY | IORESOURCE_IO },
577 { .name = "timer0", .start = 0x40, .end = 0x43,
578 .flags = IORESOURCE_BUSY | IORESOURCE_IO },
579 { .name = "timer1", .start = 0x50, .end = 0x53,
580 .flags = IORESOURCE_BUSY | IORESOURCE_IO },
581 { .name = "keyboard", .start = 0x60, .end = 0x60,
582 .flags = IORESOURCE_BUSY | IORESOURCE_IO },
583 { .name = "keyboard", .start = 0x64, .end = 0x64,
584 .flags = IORESOURCE_BUSY | IORESOURCE_IO },
585 { .name = "dma page reg", .start = 0x80, .end = 0x8f,
586 .flags = IORESOURCE_BUSY | IORESOURCE_IO },
587 { .name = "pic2", .start = 0xa0, .end = 0xa1,
588 .flags = IORESOURCE_BUSY | IORESOURCE_IO },
589 { .name = "dma2", .start = 0xc0, .end = 0xdf,
590 .flags = IORESOURCE_BUSY | IORESOURCE_IO },
591 { .name = "fpu", .start = 0xf0, .end = 0xff,
592 .flags = IORESOURCE_BUSY | IORESOURCE_IO }
595 void __init reserve_standard_io_resources(void)
599 /* request I/O space for devices used on all i[345]86 PCs */
600 for (i = 0; i < ARRAY_SIZE(standard_io_resources); i++)
601 request_resource(&ioport_resource, &standard_io_resources[i]);
605 static __init void reserve_ibft_region(void)
607 unsigned long addr, size = 0;
609 addr = find_ibft_region(&size);
612 memblock_reserve(addr, size);
615 static unsigned reserve_low = CONFIG_X86_RESERVE_LOW << 10;
617 static void __init trim_bios_range(void)
620 * A special case is the first 4Kb of memory;
621 * This is a BIOS owned area, not kernel ram, but generally
622 * not listed as such in the E820 table.
624 * This typically reserves additional memory (64KiB by default)
625 * since some BIOSes are known to corrupt low memory. See the
626 * Kconfig help text for X86_RESERVE_LOW.
628 e820_update_range(0, ALIGN(reserve_low, PAGE_SIZE),
629 E820_RAM, E820_RESERVED);
632 * special case: Some BIOSen report the PC BIOS
633 * area (640->1Mb) as ram even though it is not.
636 e820_remove_range(BIOS_BEGIN, BIOS_END - BIOS_BEGIN, E820_RAM, 1);
637 sanitize_e820_map(e820.map, ARRAY_SIZE(e820.map), &e820.nr_map);
640 static int __init parse_reservelow(char *p)
642 unsigned long long size;
647 size = memparse(p, &p);
660 early_param("reservelow", parse_reservelow);
663 * Determine if we were loaded by an EFI loader. If so, then we have also been
664 * passed the efi memmap, systab, etc., so we should use these data structures
665 * for initialization. Note, the efi init code path is determined by the
666 * global efi_enabled. This allows the same kernel image to be used on existing
667 * systems (with a traditional BIOS) as well as on EFI systems.
670 * setup_arch - architecture-specific boot-time initializations
672 * Note: On x86_64, fixmaps are ready for use even before this is called.
675 void __init setup_arch(char **cmdline_p)
678 memcpy(&boot_cpu_data, &new_cpu_data, sizeof(new_cpu_data));
679 visws_early_detect();
682 * copy kernel address range established so far and switch
683 * to the proper swapper page table
685 clone_pgd_range(swapper_pg_dir + KERNEL_PGD_BOUNDARY,
686 initial_page_table + KERNEL_PGD_BOUNDARY,
689 load_cr3(swapper_pg_dir);
692 printk(KERN_INFO "Command line: %s\n", boot_command_line);
696 * If we have OLPC OFW, we might end up relocating the fixmap due to
697 * reserve_top(), so do this before touching the ioremap area.
703 early_ioremap_init();
705 setup_olpc_ofw_pgd();
707 ROOT_DEV = old_decode_dev(boot_params.hdr.root_dev);
708 screen_info = boot_params.screen_info;
709 edid_info = boot_params.edid_info;
711 apm_info.bios = boot_params.apm_bios_info;
712 ist_info = boot_params.ist_info;
713 if (boot_params.sys_desc_table.length != 0) {
714 machine_id = boot_params.sys_desc_table.table[0];
715 machine_submodel_id = boot_params.sys_desc_table.table[1];
716 BIOS_revision = boot_params.sys_desc_table.table[2];
719 saved_video_mode = boot_params.hdr.vid_mode;
720 bootloader_type = boot_params.hdr.type_of_loader;
721 if ((bootloader_type >> 4) == 0xe) {
722 bootloader_type &= 0xf;
723 bootloader_type |= (boot_params.hdr.ext_loader_type+0x10) << 4;
725 bootloader_version = bootloader_type & 0xf;
726 bootloader_version |= boot_params.hdr.ext_loader_ver << 4;
728 #ifdef CONFIG_BLK_DEV_RAM
729 rd_image_start = boot_params.hdr.ram_size & RAMDISK_IMAGE_START_MASK;
730 rd_prompt = ((boot_params.hdr.ram_size & RAMDISK_PROMPT_FLAG) != 0);
731 rd_doload = ((boot_params.hdr.ram_size & RAMDISK_LOAD_FLAG) != 0);
734 if (!strncmp((char *)&boot_params.efi_info.efi_loader_signature,
738 } else if (!strncmp((char *)&boot_params.efi_info.efi_loader_signature,
743 if (efi_enabled && efi_memblock_x86_reserve_range())
747 x86_init.oem.arch_setup();
749 iomem_resource.end = (1ULL << boot_cpu_data.x86_phys_bits) - 1;
752 /* update the e820_saved too */
753 e820_reserve_setup_data();
757 if (!boot_params.hdr.root_flags)
758 root_mountflags &= ~MS_RDONLY;
759 init_mm.start_code = (unsigned long) _text;
760 init_mm.end_code = (unsigned long) _etext;
761 init_mm.end_data = (unsigned long) _edata;
762 init_mm.brk = _brk_end;
764 code_resource.start = virt_to_phys(_text);
765 code_resource.end = virt_to_phys(_etext)-1;
766 data_resource.start = virt_to_phys(_etext);
767 data_resource.end = virt_to_phys(_edata)-1;
768 bss_resource.start = virt_to_phys(&__bss_start);
769 bss_resource.end = virt_to_phys(&__bss_stop)-1;
771 #ifdef CONFIG_CMDLINE_BOOL
772 #ifdef CONFIG_CMDLINE_OVERRIDE
773 strlcpy(boot_command_line, builtin_cmdline, COMMAND_LINE_SIZE);
775 if (builtin_cmdline[0]) {
776 /* append boot loader cmdline to builtin */
777 strlcat(builtin_cmdline, " ", COMMAND_LINE_SIZE);
778 strlcat(builtin_cmdline, boot_command_line, COMMAND_LINE_SIZE);
779 strlcpy(boot_command_line, builtin_cmdline, COMMAND_LINE_SIZE);
784 strlcpy(command_line, boot_command_line, COMMAND_LINE_SIZE);
785 *cmdline_p = command_line;
788 * x86_configure_nx() is called before parse_early_param() to detect
789 * whether hardware doesn't support NX (so that the early EHCI debug
790 * console setup can safely call set_fixmap()). It may then be called
791 * again from within noexec_setup() during parsing early parameters
792 * to honor the respective command line option.
800 /* after early param, so could get panic from serial */
801 memblock_x86_reserve_range_setup_data();
803 if (acpi_mps_check()) {
804 #ifdef CONFIG_X86_LOCAL_APIC
807 setup_clear_cpu_cap(X86_FEATURE_APIC);
811 if (pci_early_dump_regs)
812 early_dump_pci_devices();
815 finish_e820_parsing();
823 * VMware detection requires dmi to be available, so this
824 * needs to be done after dmi_scan_machine, for the BP.
826 init_hypervisor_platform();
828 x86_init.resources.probe_roms();
830 /* after parse_early_param, so could debug it */
831 insert_resource(&iomem_resource, &code_resource);
832 insert_resource(&iomem_resource, &data_resource);
833 insert_resource(&iomem_resource, &bss_resource);
837 if (ppro_with_ram_bug()) {
838 e820_update_range(0x70000000ULL, 0x40000ULL, E820_RAM,
840 sanitize_e820_map(e820.map, ARRAY_SIZE(e820.map), &e820.nr_map);
841 printk(KERN_INFO "fixed physical RAM map:\n");
842 e820_print_map("bad_ppro");
845 early_gart_iommu_check();
849 * partially used pages are not usable - thus
850 * we are rounding upwards:
852 max_pfn = e820_end_of_ram_pfn();
854 /* update e820 for memory not covered by WB MTRRs */
856 if (mtrr_trim_uncached_memory(max_pfn))
857 max_pfn = e820_end_of_ram_pfn();
860 /* max_low_pfn get updated here */
861 find_low_pfn_range();
863 num_physpages = max_pfn;
867 /* How many end-of-memory variables you have, grandma! */
868 /* need this before calling reserve_initrd */
869 if (max_pfn > (1UL<<(32 - PAGE_SHIFT)))
870 max_low_pfn = e820_end_of_low_ram_pfn();
872 max_low_pfn = max_pfn;
874 high_memory = (void *)__va(max_pfn * PAGE_SIZE - 1) + 1;
878 * Find and reserve possible boot-time SMP configuration:
882 reserve_ibft_region();
885 * Need to conclude brk, before memblock_x86_fill()
886 * it could use memblock_find_in_range, could overlap with
893 memblock.current_limit = get_max_mapped();
897 * The EFI specification says that boot service code won't be called
898 * after ExitBootServices(). This is, in fact, a lie.
901 efi_reserve_boot_services();
903 /* preallocate 4k for mptable mpc */
904 early_reserve_e820_mpc_new();
906 #ifdef CONFIG_X86_CHECK_BIOS_CORRUPTION
907 setup_bios_corruption_check();
910 printk(KERN_DEBUG "initial memory mapped: [mem 0x00000000-%#010lx]\n",
911 (max_pfn_mapped<<PAGE_SHIFT) - 1);
917 /* max_pfn_mapped is updated here */
918 max_low_pfn_mapped = init_memory_mapping(0, max_low_pfn<<PAGE_SHIFT);
919 max_pfn_mapped = max_low_pfn_mapped;
922 if (max_pfn > max_low_pfn) {
924 for (i = 0; i < e820.nr_map; i++) {
925 struct e820entry *ei = &e820.map[i];
927 if (ei->addr + ei->size <= 1UL << 32)
930 if (ei->type == E820_RESERVED)
933 max_pfn_mapped = init_memory_mapping(
934 ei->addr < 1UL << 32 ? 1UL << 32 : ei->addr,
935 ei->addr + ei->size);
938 /* can we preseve max_low_pfn ?*/
939 max_low_pfn = max_pfn;
942 memblock.current_limit = get_max_mapped();
943 dma_contiguous_reserve(0);
946 * NOTE: On x86-32, only from this point on, fixmaps are ready for use.
949 #ifdef CONFIG_PROVIDE_OHCI1394_DMA_INIT
950 if (init_ohci1394_dma_early)
951 init_ohci1394_dma_on_all_controllers();
953 /* Allocate bigger log buffer */
958 reserve_crashkernel();
965 * Parse the ACPI tables for possible boot-time SMP configuration.
967 acpi_boot_table_init();
969 early_acpi_boot_init();
972 memblock_find_dma_reserve();
974 #ifdef CONFIG_KVM_GUEST
978 x86_init.paging.pagetable_init();
980 if (boot_cpu_data.cpuid_level >= 0) {
981 /* A CPU has %cr4 if and only if it has CPUID */
982 mmu_cr4_features = read_cr4();
983 if (trampoline_cr4_features)
984 *trampoline_cr4_features = mmu_cr4_features;
988 /* sync back kernel address range */
989 clone_pgd_range(initial_page_table + KERNEL_PGD_BOUNDARY,
990 swapper_pg_dir + KERNEL_PGD_BOUNDARY,
1000 generic_apic_probe();
1005 * Read APIC and some other early information from ACPI tables.
1012 * get boot-time SMP configuration:
1014 if (smp_found_config)
1017 prefill_possible_map();
1021 init_apic_mappings();
1022 if (x86_io_apic_ops.init)
1023 x86_io_apic_ops.init();
1027 e820_reserve_resources();
1028 e820_mark_nosave_regions(max_low_pfn);
1030 x86_init.resources.reserve_resources();
1035 #if defined(CONFIG_VGA_CONSOLE)
1036 if (!efi_enabled || (efi_mem_type(0xa0000) != EFI_CONVENTIONAL_MEMORY))
1037 conswitchp = &vga_con;
1038 #elif defined(CONFIG_DUMMY_CONSOLE)
1039 conswitchp = &dummy_con;
1042 x86_init.oem.banner();
1044 x86_init.timers.wallclock_init();
1048 arch_init_ideal_nops();
1050 register_refined_jiffies(CLOCK_TICK_RATE);
1053 #ifdef CONFIG_X86_32
1055 static struct resource video_ram_resource = {
1056 .name = "Video RAM area",
1059 .flags = IORESOURCE_BUSY | IORESOURCE_MEM
1062 void __init i386_reserve_resources(void)
1064 request_resource(&iomem_resource, &video_ram_resource);
1065 reserve_standard_io_resources();
1068 #endif /* CONFIG_X86_32 */