2 * arch/s390/kernel/setup.c
5 * Copyright (C) IBM Corp. 1999,2010
6 * Author(s): Hartmut Penner (hp@de.ibm.com),
7 * Martin Schwidefsky (schwidefsky@de.ibm.com)
9 * Derived from "arch/i386/kernel/setup.c"
10 * Copyright (C) 1995, Linus Torvalds
14 * This file handles the architecture-dependent parts of initialization
17 #define KMSG_COMPONENT "setup"
18 #define pr_fmt(fmt) KMSG_COMPONENT ": " fmt
20 #include <linux/errno.h>
21 #include <linux/module.h>
22 #include <linux/sched.h>
23 #include <linux/kernel.h>
25 #include <linux/stddef.h>
26 #include <linux/unistd.h>
27 #include <linux/ptrace.h>
28 #include <linux/user.h>
29 #include <linux/tty.h>
30 #include <linux/ioport.h>
31 #include <linux/delay.h>
32 #include <linux/init.h>
33 #include <linux/initrd.h>
34 #include <linux/bootmem.h>
35 #include <linux/root_dev.h>
36 #include <linux/console.h>
37 #include <linux/kernel_stat.h>
38 #include <linux/device.h>
39 #include <linux/notifier.h>
40 #include <linux/pfn.h>
41 #include <linux/ctype.h>
42 #include <linux/reboot.h>
43 #include <linux/topology.h>
44 #include <linux/ftrace.h>
45 #include <linux/kexec.h>
46 #include <linux/crash_dump.h>
47 #include <linux/memory.h>
50 #include <asm/uaccess.h>
51 #include <asm/system.h>
53 #include <asm/mmu_context.h>
54 #include <asm/cpcmd.h>
55 #include <asm/lowcore.h>
58 #include <asm/ptrace.h>
59 #include <asm/sections.h>
60 #include <asm/ebcdic.h>
61 #include <asm/compat.h>
62 #include <asm/kvm_virtio.h>
65 long psw_kernel_bits = PSW_DEFAULT_KEY | PSW_MASK_BASE | PSW_ASC_PRIMARY |
66 PSW_MASK_EA | PSW_MASK_BA;
67 long psw_user_bits = PSW_MASK_DAT | PSW_MASK_IO | PSW_MASK_EXT |
68 PSW_DEFAULT_KEY | PSW_MASK_BASE | PSW_MASK_MCHECK |
69 PSW_MASK_PSTATE | PSW_ASC_HOME;
72 * User copy operations.
74 struct uaccess_ops uaccess;
75 EXPORT_SYMBOL(uaccess);
80 unsigned int console_mode = 0;
81 EXPORT_SYMBOL(console_mode);
83 unsigned int console_devno = -1;
84 EXPORT_SYMBOL(console_devno);
86 unsigned int console_irq = -1;
87 EXPORT_SYMBOL(console_irq);
89 unsigned long elf_hwcap = 0;
90 char elf_platform[ELF_PLATFORM_SIZE];
92 struct mem_chunk __initdata memory_chunk[MEMORY_CHUNKS];
94 int __initdata memory_end_set;
95 unsigned long __initdata memory_end;
97 /* An array with a pointer to the lowcore of every CPU. */
98 struct _lowcore *lowcore_ptr[NR_CPUS];
99 EXPORT_SYMBOL(lowcore_ptr);
102 * This is set up by the setup-routine at boot-time
103 * for S390 need to find out, what we have to setup
104 * using address 0x10400 ...
107 #include <asm/setup.h>
110 * condev= and conmode= setup parameter.
113 static int __init condev_setup(char *str)
117 vdev = simple_strtoul(str, &str, 0);
118 if (vdev >= 0 && vdev < 65536) {
119 console_devno = vdev;
125 __setup("condev=", condev_setup);
127 static void __init set_preferred_console(void)
130 add_preferred_console("hvc", 0, NULL);
131 else if (CONSOLE_IS_3215 || CONSOLE_IS_SCLP)
132 add_preferred_console("ttyS", 0, NULL);
133 else if (CONSOLE_IS_3270)
134 add_preferred_console("tty3270", 0, NULL);
137 static int __init conmode_setup(char *str)
139 #if defined(CONFIG_SCLP_CONSOLE) || defined(CONFIG_SCLP_VT220_CONSOLE)
140 if (strncmp(str, "hwc", 4) == 0 || strncmp(str, "sclp", 5) == 0)
143 #if defined(CONFIG_TN3215_CONSOLE)
144 if (strncmp(str, "3215", 5) == 0)
147 #if defined(CONFIG_TN3270_CONSOLE)
148 if (strncmp(str, "3270", 5) == 0)
151 set_preferred_console();
155 __setup("conmode=", conmode_setup);
157 static void __init conmode_default(void)
159 char query_buffer[1024];
163 cpcmd("QUERY CONSOLE", query_buffer, 1024, NULL);
164 console_devno = simple_strtoul(query_buffer + 5, NULL, 16);
165 ptr = strstr(query_buffer, "SUBCHANNEL =");
166 console_irq = simple_strtoul(ptr + 13, NULL, 16);
167 cpcmd("QUERY TERM", query_buffer, 1024, NULL);
168 ptr = strstr(query_buffer, "CONMODE");
170 * Set the conmode to 3215 so that the device recognition
171 * will set the cu_type of the console to 3215. If the
172 * conmode is 3270 and we don't set it back then both
173 * 3215 and the 3270 driver will try to access the console
174 * device (3215 as console and 3270 as normal tty).
176 cpcmd("TERM CONMODE 3215", NULL, 0, NULL);
178 #if defined(CONFIG_SCLP_CONSOLE) || defined(CONFIG_SCLP_VT220_CONSOLE)
183 if (strncmp(ptr + 8, "3270", 4) == 0) {
184 #if defined(CONFIG_TN3270_CONSOLE)
186 #elif defined(CONFIG_TN3215_CONSOLE)
188 #elif defined(CONFIG_SCLP_CONSOLE) || defined(CONFIG_SCLP_VT220_CONSOLE)
191 } else if (strncmp(ptr + 8, "3215", 4) == 0) {
192 #if defined(CONFIG_TN3215_CONSOLE)
194 #elif defined(CONFIG_TN3270_CONSOLE)
196 #elif defined(CONFIG_SCLP_CONSOLE) || defined(CONFIG_SCLP_VT220_CONSOLE)
201 #if defined(CONFIG_SCLP_CONSOLE) || defined(CONFIG_SCLP_VT220_CONSOLE)
207 #ifdef CONFIG_ZFCPDUMP
208 static void __init setup_zfcpdump(unsigned int console_devno)
212 if (ipl_info.type != IPL_TYPE_FCP_DUMP)
216 if (console_devno != -1)
217 sprintf(str, " cio_ignore=all,!0.0.%04x,!0.0.%04x",
218 ipl_info.data.fcp.dev_id.devno, console_devno);
220 sprintf(str, " cio_ignore=all,!0.0.%04x",
221 ipl_info.data.fcp.dev_id.devno);
222 strcat(boot_command_line, str);
223 console_loglevel = 2;
226 static inline void setup_zfcpdump(unsigned int console_devno) {}
227 #endif /* CONFIG_ZFCPDUMP */
230 * Reboot, halt and power_off stubs. They just call _machine_restart,
231 * _machine_halt or _machine_power_off.
234 void machine_restart(char *command)
236 if ((!in_interrupt() && !in_atomic()) || oops_in_progress)
238 * Only unblank the console if we are called in enabled
239 * context or a bust_spinlocks cleared the way for us.
242 _machine_restart(command);
245 void machine_halt(void)
247 if (!in_interrupt() || oops_in_progress)
249 * Only unblank the console if we are called in enabled
250 * context or a bust_spinlocks cleared the way for us.
256 void machine_power_off(void)
258 if (!in_interrupt() || oops_in_progress)
260 * Only unblank the console if we are called in enabled
261 * context or a bust_spinlocks cleared the way for us.
264 _machine_power_off();
268 * Dummy power off function.
270 void (*pm_power_off)(void) = machine_power_off;
272 static int __init early_parse_mem(char *p)
274 memory_end = memparse(p, &p);
278 early_param("mem", early_parse_mem);
280 unsigned int user_mode = HOME_SPACE_MODE;
281 EXPORT_SYMBOL_GPL(user_mode);
283 static int set_amode_primary(void)
285 psw_kernel_bits = (psw_kernel_bits & ~PSW_MASK_ASC) | PSW_ASC_HOME;
286 psw_user_bits = (psw_user_bits & ~PSW_MASK_ASC) | PSW_ASC_PRIMARY;
289 (psw32_user_bits & ~PSW32_MASK_ASC) | PSW32_ASC_PRIMARY;
292 if (MACHINE_HAS_MVCOS) {
293 memcpy(&uaccess, &uaccess_mvcos_switch, sizeof(uaccess));
296 memcpy(&uaccess, &uaccess_pt, sizeof(uaccess));
302 * Switch kernel/user addressing modes?
304 static int __init early_parse_switch_amode(char *p)
306 user_mode = PRIMARY_SPACE_MODE;
309 early_param("switch_amode", early_parse_switch_amode);
311 static int __init early_parse_user_mode(char *p)
313 if (p && strcmp(p, "primary") == 0)
314 user_mode = PRIMARY_SPACE_MODE;
315 else if (!p || strcmp(p, "home") == 0)
316 user_mode = HOME_SPACE_MODE;
321 early_param("user_mode", early_parse_user_mode);
323 static void setup_addressing_mode(void)
325 if (user_mode == PRIMARY_SPACE_MODE) {
326 if (set_amode_primary())
327 pr_info("Address spaces switched, "
328 "mvcos available\n");
330 pr_info("Address spaces switched, "
331 "mvcos not available\n");
341 * Setup lowcore for boot cpu
343 BUILD_BUG_ON(sizeof(struct _lowcore) != LC_PAGES * 4096);
344 lc = __alloc_bootmem_low(LC_PAGES * PAGE_SIZE, LC_PAGES * PAGE_SIZE, 0);
345 lc->restart_psw.mask = psw_kernel_bits;
346 lc->restart_psw.addr =
347 PSW_ADDR_AMODE | (unsigned long) psw_restart_int_handler;
348 lc->external_new_psw.mask = psw_kernel_bits |
349 PSW_MASK_DAT | PSW_MASK_MCHECK;
350 lc->external_new_psw.addr =
351 PSW_ADDR_AMODE | (unsigned long) ext_int_handler;
352 lc->svc_new_psw.mask = psw_kernel_bits |
353 PSW_MASK_DAT | PSW_MASK_IO | PSW_MASK_EXT | PSW_MASK_MCHECK;
354 lc->svc_new_psw.addr = PSW_ADDR_AMODE | (unsigned long) system_call;
355 lc->program_new_psw.mask = psw_kernel_bits |
356 PSW_MASK_DAT | PSW_MASK_MCHECK;
357 lc->program_new_psw.addr =
358 PSW_ADDR_AMODE | (unsigned long) pgm_check_handler;
359 lc->mcck_new_psw.mask = psw_kernel_bits;
360 lc->mcck_new_psw.addr =
361 PSW_ADDR_AMODE | (unsigned long) mcck_int_handler;
362 lc->io_new_psw.mask = psw_kernel_bits |
363 PSW_MASK_DAT | PSW_MASK_MCHECK;
364 lc->io_new_psw.addr = PSW_ADDR_AMODE | (unsigned long) io_int_handler;
365 lc->clock_comparator = -1ULL;
366 lc->kernel_stack = ((unsigned long) &init_thread_union) + THREAD_SIZE;
367 lc->async_stack = (unsigned long)
368 __alloc_bootmem(ASYNC_SIZE, ASYNC_SIZE, 0) + ASYNC_SIZE;
369 lc->panic_stack = (unsigned long)
370 __alloc_bootmem(PAGE_SIZE, PAGE_SIZE, 0) + PAGE_SIZE;
371 lc->current_task = (unsigned long) init_thread_union.thread_info.task;
372 lc->thread_info = (unsigned long) &init_thread_union;
373 lc->machine_flags = S390_lowcore.machine_flags;
374 lc->stfl_fac_list = S390_lowcore.stfl_fac_list;
375 memcpy(lc->stfle_fac_list, S390_lowcore.stfle_fac_list,
378 if (MACHINE_HAS_IEEE) {
379 lc->extended_save_area_addr = (__u32)
380 __alloc_bootmem_low(PAGE_SIZE, PAGE_SIZE, 0);
381 /* enable extended save area */
382 __ctl_set_bit(14, 29);
386 lc->vdso_per_cpu_data = (unsigned long) &lc->paste[0];
388 lc->sync_enter_timer = S390_lowcore.sync_enter_timer;
389 lc->async_enter_timer = S390_lowcore.async_enter_timer;
390 lc->exit_timer = S390_lowcore.exit_timer;
391 lc->user_timer = S390_lowcore.user_timer;
392 lc->system_timer = S390_lowcore.system_timer;
393 lc->steal_timer = S390_lowcore.steal_timer;
394 lc->last_update_timer = S390_lowcore.last_update_timer;
395 lc->last_update_clock = S390_lowcore.last_update_clock;
396 lc->ftrace_func = S390_lowcore.ftrace_func;
397 set_prefix((u32)(unsigned long) lc);
401 static struct resource code_resource = {
402 .name = "Kernel code",
403 .flags = IORESOURCE_BUSY | IORESOURCE_MEM,
406 static struct resource data_resource = {
407 .name = "Kernel data",
408 .flags = IORESOURCE_BUSY | IORESOURCE_MEM,
411 static struct resource bss_resource = {
412 .name = "Kernel bss",
413 .flags = IORESOURCE_BUSY | IORESOURCE_MEM,
416 static struct resource __initdata *standard_resources[] = {
422 static void __init setup_resources(void)
424 struct resource *res, *std_res, *sub_res;
427 code_resource.start = (unsigned long) &_text;
428 code_resource.end = (unsigned long) &_etext - 1;
429 data_resource.start = (unsigned long) &_etext;
430 data_resource.end = (unsigned long) &_edata - 1;
431 bss_resource.start = (unsigned long) &__bss_start;
432 bss_resource.end = (unsigned long) &__bss_stop - 1;
434 for (i = 0; i < MEMORY_CHUNKS; i++) {
435 if (!memory_chunk[i].size)
437 if (memory_chunk[i].type == CHUNK_OLDMEM ||
438 memory_chunk[i].type == CHUNK_CRASHK)
440 res = alloc_bootmem_low(sizeof(*res));
441 res->flags = IORESOURCE_BUSY | IORESOURCE_MEM;
442 switch (memory_chunk[i].type) {
443 case CHUNK_READ_WRITE:
445 res->name = "System RAM";
447 case CHUNK_READ_ONLY:
448 res->name = "System ROM";
449 res->flags |= IORESOURCE_READONLY;
452 res->name = "reserved";
454 res->start = memory_chunk[i].addr;
455 res->end = res->start + memory_chunk[i].size - 1;
456 request_resource(&iomem_resource, res);
458 for (j = 0; j < ARRAY_SIZE(standard_resources); j++) {
459 std_res = standard_resources[j];
460 if (std_res->start < res->start ||
461 std_res->start > res->end)
463 if (std_res->end > res->end) {
464 sub_res = alloc_bootmem_low(sizeof(*sub_res));
466 sub_res->end = res->end;
467 std_res->start = res->end + 1;
468 request_resource(res, sub_res);
470 request_resource(res, std_res);
476 unsigned long real_memory_size;
477 EXPORT_SYMBOL_GPL(real_memory_size);
479 static void __init setup_memory_end(void)
481 unsigned long memory_size;
482 unsigned long max_mem;
486 #ifdef CONFIG_ZFCPDUMP
487 if (ipl_info.type == IPL_TYPE_FCP_DUMP && !OLDMEM_BASE) {
488 memory_end = ZFCPDUMP_HSA_SIZE;
493 memory_end &= PAGE_MASK;
495 max_mem = memory_end ? min(VMEM_MAX_PHYS, memory_end) : VMEM_MAX_PHYS;
496 memory_end = min(max_mem, memory_end);
499 * Make sure all chunks are MAX_ORDER aligned so we don't need the
500 * extra checks that HOLES_IN_ZONE would require.
502 for (i = 0; i < MEMORY_CHUNKS; i++) {
503 unsigned long start, end;
504 struct mem_chunk *chunk;
507 chunk = &memory_chunk[i];
508 align = 1UL << (MAX_ORDER + PAGE_SHIFT - 1);
509 start = (chunk->addr + align - 1) & ~(align - 1);
510 end = (chunk->addr + chunk->size) & ~(align - 1);
512 memset(chunk, 0, sizeof(*chunk));
515 chunk->size = end - start;
519 for (i = 0; i < MEMORY_CHUNKS; i++) {
520 struct mem_chunk *chunk = &memory_chunk[i];
522 real_memory_size = max(real_memory_size,
523 chunk->addr + chunk->size);
524 if (chunk->addr >= max_mem) {
525 memset(chunk, 0, sizeof(*chunk));
528 if (chunk->addr + chunk->size > max_mem)
529 chunk->size = max_mem - chunk->addr;
530 memory_size = max(memory_size, chunk->addr + chunk->size);
533 memory_end = memory_size;
536 void *restart_stack __attribute__((__section__(".data")));
539 * Setup new PSW and allocate stack for PSW restart interrupt
541 static void __init setup_restart_psw(void)
545 restart_stack = __alloc_bootmem(ASYNC_SIZE, ASYNC_SIZE, 0);
546 restart_stack += ASYNC_SIZE;
549 * Setup restart PSW for absolute zero lowcore. This is necesary
550 * if PSW restart is done on an offline CPU that has lowcore zero
552 psw.mask = PSW_DEFAULT_KEY | PSW_MASK_BASE | PSW_MASK_EA | PSW_MASK_BA;
553 psw.addr = PSW_ADDR_AMODE | (unsigned long) psw_restart_int_handler;
554 copy_to_absolute_zero(&S390_lowcore.restart_psw, &psw, sizeof(psw));
557 static void __init setup_vmcoreinfo(void)
560 unsigned long ptr = paddr_vmcoreinfo_note();
562 copy_to_absolute_zero(&S390_lowcore.vmcore_info, &ptr, sizeof(ptr));
566 #ifdef CONFIG_CRASH_DUMP
569 * Find suitable location for crashkernel memory
571 static unsigned long __init find_crash_base(unsigned long crash_size,
574 unsigned long crash_base;
575 struct mem_chunk *chunk;
578 if (memory_chunk[0].size < crash_size) {
579 *msg = "first memory chunk must be at least crashkernel size";
582 if (is_kdump_kernel() && (crash_size == OLDMEM_SIZE))
585 for (i = MEMORY_CHUNKS - 1; i >= 0; i--) {
586 chunk = &memory_chunk[i];
587 if (chunk->size == 0)
589 if (chunk->type != CHUNK_READ_WRITE)
591 if (chunk->size < crash_size)
593 crash_base = (chunk->addr + chunk->size) - crash_size;
594 if (crash_base < crash_size)
596 if (crash_base < ZFCPDUMP_HSA_SIZE_MAX)
598 if (crash_base < (unsigned long) INITRD_START + INITRD_SIZE)
602 *msg = "no suitable area found";
607 * Check if crash_base and crash_size is valid
609 static int __init verify_crash_base(unsigned long crash_base,
610 unsigned long crash_size,
613 struct mem_chunk *chunk;
617 * Because we do the swap to zero, we must have at least 'crash_size'
618 * bytes free space before crash_base
620 if (crash_size > crash_base) {
621 *msg = "crashkernel offset must be greater than size";
625 /* First memory chunk must be at least crash_size */
626 if (memory_chunk[0].size < crash_size) {
627 *msg = "first memory chunk must be at least crashkernel size";
630 /* Check if we fit into the respective memory chunk */
631 for (i = 0; i < MEMORY_CHUNKS; i++) {
632 chunk = &memory_chunk[i];
633 if (chunk->size == 0)
635 if (crash_base < chunk->addr)
637 if (crash_base >= chunk->addr + chunk->size)
639 /* we have found the memory chunk */
640 if (crash_base + crash_size > chunk->addr + chunk->size) {
641 *msg = "selected memory chunk is too small for "
642 "crashkernel memory";
647 *msg = "invalid memory range specified";
652 * Reserve kdump memory by creating a memory hole in the mem_chunk array
654 static void __init reserve_kdump_bootmem(unsigned long addr, unsigned long size,
658 create_mem_hole(memory_chunk, addr, size, type);
662 * When kdump is enabled, we have to ensure that no memory from
663 * the area [0 - crashkernel memory size] and
664 * [crashk_res.start - crashk_res.end] is set offline.
666 static int kdump_mem_notifier(struct notifier_block *nb,
667 unsigned long action, void *data)
669 struct memory_notify *arg = data;
671 if (arg->start_pfn < PFN_DOWN(resource_size(&crashk_res)))
673 if (arg->start_pfn > PFN_DOWN(crashk_res.end))
675 if (arg->start_pfn + arg->nr_pages - 1 < PFN_DOWN(crashk_res.start))
680 static struct notifier_block kdump_mem_nb = {
681 .notifier_call = kdump_mem_notifier,
687 * Make sure that oldmem, where the dump is stored, is protected
689 static void reserve_oldmem(void)
691 #ifdef CONFIG_CRASH_DUMP
695 reserve_kdump_bootmem(OLDMEM_BASE, OLDMEM_SIZE, CHUNK_OLDMEM);
696 reserve_kdump_bootmem(OLDMEM_SIZE, memory_end - OLDMEM_SIZE,
698 if (OLDMEM_BASE + OLDMEM_SIZE == real_memory_size)
699 saved_max_pfn = PFN_DOWN(OLDMEM_BASE) - 1;
701 saved_max_pfn = PFN_DOWN(real_memory_size) - 1;
706 * Reserve memory for kdump kernel to be loaded with kexec
708 static void __init reserve_crashkernel(void)
710 #ifdef CONFIG_CRASH_DUMP
711 unsigned long long crash_base, crash_size;
715 rc = parse_crashkernel(boot_command_line, memory_end, &crash_size,
717 if (rc || crash_size == 0)
719 crash_base = ALIGN(crash_base, KEXEC_CRASH_MEM_ALIGN);
720 crash_size = ALIGN(crash_size, KEXEC_CRASH_MEM_ALIGN);
721 if (register_memory_notifier(&kdump_mem_nb))
724 crash_base = find_crash_base(crash_size, &msg);
726 pr_info("crashkernel reservation failed: %s\n", msg);
727 unregister_memory_notifier(&kdump_mem_nb);
730 if (verify_crash_base(crash_base, crash_size, &msg)) {
731 pr_info("crashkernel reservation failed: %s\n", msg);
732 unregister_memory_notifier(&kdump_mem_nb);
735 if (!OLDMEM_BASE && MACHINE_IS_VM)
736 diag10_range(PFN_DOWN(crash_base), PFN_DOWN(crash_size));
737 crashk_res.start = crash_base;
738 crashk_res.end = crash_base + crash_size - 1;
739 insert_resource(&iomem_resource, &crashk_res);
740 reserve_kdump_bootmem(crash_base, crash_size, CHUNK_CRASHK);
741 pr_info("Reserving %lluMB of memory at %lluMB "
742 "for crashkernel (System RAM: %luMB)\n",
743 crash_size >> 20, crash_base >> 20, memory_end >> 20);
750 unsigned long bootmap_size;
751 unsigned long start_pfn, end_pfn;
755 * partially used pages are not usable - thus
756 * we are rounding upwards:
758 start_pfn = PFN_UP(__pa(&_end));
759 end_pfn = max_pfn = PFN_DOWN(memory_end);
761 #ifdef CONFIG_BLK_DEV_INITRD
763 * Move the initrd in case the bitmap of the bootmem allocater
764 * would overwrite it.
767 if (INITRD_START && INITRD_SIZE) {
768 unsigned long bmap_size;
771 bmap_size = bootmem_bootmap_pages(end_pfn - start_pfn + 1);
772 bmap_size = PFN_PHYS(bmap_size);
774 if (PFN_PHYS(start_pfn) + bmap_size > INITRD_START) {
775 start = PFN_PHYS(start_pfn) + bmap_size + PAGE_SIZE;
777 #ifdef CONFIG_CRASH_DUMP
779 /* Move initrd behind kdump oldmem */
780 if (start + INITRD_SIZE > OLDMEM_BASE &&
781 start < OLDMEM_BASE + OLDMEM_SIZE)
782 start = OLDMEM_BASE + OLDMEM_SIZE;
785 if (start + INITRD_SIZE > memory_end) {
786 pr_err("initrd extends beyond end of "
787 "memory (0x%08lx > 0x%08lx) "
788 "disabling initrd\n",
789 start + INITRD_SIZE, memory_end);
790 INITRD_START = INITRD_SIZE = 0;
792 pr_info("Moving initrd (0x%08lx -> "
793 "0x%08lx, size: %ld)\n",
794 INITRD_START, start, INITRD_SIZE);
795 memmove((void *) start, (void *) INITRD_START,
797 INITRD_START = start;
804 * Initialize the boot-time allocator
806 bootmap_size = init_bootmem(start_pfn, end_pfn);
809 * Register RAM areas with the bootmem allocator.
812 for (i = 0; i < MEMORY_CHUNKS && memory_chunk[i].size > 0; i++) {
813 unsigned long start_chunk, end_chunk, pfn;
815 if (memory_chunk[i].type != CHUNK_READ_WRITE &&
816 memory_chunk[i].type != CHUNK_CRASHK)
818 start_chunk = PFN_DOWN(memory_chunk[i].addr);
819 end_chunk = start_chunk + PFN_DOWN(memory_chunk[i].size);
820 end_chunk = min(end_chunk, end_pfn);
821 if (start_chunk >= end_chunk)
823 add_active_range(0, start_chunk, end_chunk);
824 pfn = max(start_chunk, start_pfn);
825 for (; pfn < end_chunk; pfn++)
826 page_set_storage_key(PFN_PHYS(pfn),
827 PAGE_DEFAULT_KEY, 0);
830 psw_set_key(PAGE_DEFAULT_KEY);
832 free_bootmem_with_active_regions(0, max_pfn);
835 * Reserve memory used for lowcore/command line/kernel image.
837 reserve_bootmem(0, (unsigned long)_ehead, BOOTMEM_DEFAULT);
838 reserve_bootmem((unsigned long)_stext,
839 PFN_PHYS(start_pfn) - (unsigned long)_stext,
842 * Reserve the bootmem bitmap itself as well. We do this in two
843 * steps (first step was init_bootmem()) because this catches
844 * the (very unlikely) case of us accidentally initializing the
845 * bootmem allocator with an invalid RAM area.
847 reserve_bootmem(start_pfn << PAGE_SHIFT, bootmap_size,
850 #ifdef CONFIG_CRASH_DUMP
851 if (crashk_res.start)
852 reserve_bootmem(crashk_res.start,
853 crashk_res.end - crashk_res.start + 1,
855 if (is_kdump_kernel())
856 reserve_bootmem(elfcorehdr_addr - OLDMEM_BASE,
857 PAGE_ALIGN(elfcorehdr_size), BOOTMEM_DEFAULT);
859 #ifdef CONFIG_BLK_DEV_INITRD
860 if (INITRD_START && INITRD_SIZE) {
861 if (INITRD_START + INITRD_SIZE <= memory_end) {
862 reserve_bootmem(INITRD_START, INITRD_SIZE,
864 initrd_start = INITRD_START;
865 initrd_end = initrd_start + INITRD_SIZE;
867 pr_err("initrd extends beyond end of "
868 "memory (0x%08lx > 0x%08lx) "
869 "disabling initrd\n",
870 initrd_start + INITRD_SIZE, memory_end);
871 initrd_start = initrd_end = 0;
878 * Setup hardware capabilities.
880 static void __init setup_hwcaps(void)
882 static const int stfl_bits[6] = { 0, 2, 7, 17, 19, 21 };
887 * The store facility list bits numbers as found in the principles
888 * of operation are numbered with bit 1UL<<31 as number 0 to
889 * bit 1UL<<0 as number 31.
890 * Bit 0: instructions named N3, "backported" to esa-mode
891 * Bit 2: z/Architecture mode is active
892 * Bit 7: the store-facility-list-extended facility is installed
893 * Bit 17: the message-security assist is installed
894 * Bit 19: the long-displacement facility is installed
895 * Bit 21: the extended-immediate facility is installed
896 * Bit 22: extended-translation facility 3 is installed
897 * Bit 30: extended-translation facility 3 enhancement facility
898 * These get translated to:
899 * HWCAP_S390_ESAN3 bit 0, HWCAP_S390_ZARCH bit 1,
900 * HWCAP_S390_STFLE bit 2, HWCAP_S390_MSA bit 3,
901 * HWCAP_S390_LDISP bit 4, HWCAP_S390_EIMM bit 5 and
902 * HWCAP_S390_ETF3EH bit 8 (22 && 30).
904 for (i = 0; i < 6; i++)
905 if (test_facility(stfl_bits[i]))
906 elf_hwcap |= 1UL << i;
908 if (test_facility(22) && test_facility(30))
909 elf_hwcap |= HWCAP_S390_ETF3EH;
912 * Check for additional facilities with store-facility-list-extended.
913 * stfle stores doublewords (8 byte) with bit 1ULL<<63 as bit 0
914 * and 1ULL<<0 as bit 63. Bits 0-31 contain the same information
915 * as stored by stfl, bits 32-xxx contain additional facilities.
916 * How many facility words are stored depends on the number of
917 * doublewords passed to the instruction. The additional facilities
919 * Bit 42: decimal floating point facility is installed
920 * Bit 44: perform floating point operation facility is installed
922 * HWCAP_S390_DFP bit 6 (42 && 44).
924 if ((elf_hwcap & (1UL << 2)) && test_facility(42) && test_facility(44))
925 elf_hwcap |= HWCAP_S390_DFP;
928 * Huge page support HWCAP_S390_HPAGE is bit 7.
930 if (MACHINE_HAS_HPAGE)
931 elf_hwcap |= HWCAP_S390_HPAGE;
934 * 64-bit register support for 31-bit processes
935 * HWCAP_S390_HIGH_GPRS is bit 9.
937 elf_hwcap |= HWCAP_S390_HIGH_GPRS;
940 switch (cpu_id.machine) {
942 #if !defined(CONFIG_64BIT)
943 default: /* Use "g5" as default for 31 bit kernels. */
945 strcpy(elf_platform, "g5");
949 #if defined(CONFIG_64BIT)
950 default: /* Use "z900" as default for 64 bit kernels. */
952 strcpy(elf_platform, "z900");
956 strcpy(elf_platform, "z990");
960 strcpy(elf_platform, "z9-109");
964 strcpy(elf_platform, "z10");
968 strcpy(elf_platform, "z196");
974 * Setup function called from init/main.c just after the banner
979 setup_arch(char **cmdline_p)
982 * print what head.S has found out about the machine
986 pr_info("Linux is running as a z/VM "
987 "guest operating system in 31-bit mode\n");
988 else if (MACHINE_IS_LPAR)
989 pr_info("Linux is running natively in 31-bit mode\n");
990 if (MACHINE_HAS_IEEE)
991 pr_info("The hardware system has IEEE compatible "
992 "floating point units\n");
994 pr_info("The hardware system has no IEEE compatible "
995 "floating point units\n");
996 #else /* CONFIG_64BIT */
998 pr_info("Linux is running as a z/VM "
999 "guest operating system in 64-bit mode\n");
1000 else if (MACHINE_IS_KVM)
1001 pr_info("Linux is running under KVM in 64-bit mode\n");
1002 else if (MACHINE_IS_LPAR)
1003 pr_info("Linux is running natively in 64-bit mode\n");
1004 #endif /* CONFIG_64BIT */
1006 /* Have one command line that is parsed and saved in /proc/cmdline */
1007 /* boot_command_line has been already set up in early.c */
1008 *cmdline_p = boot_command_line;
1010 ROOT_DEV = Root_RAM0;
1012 init_mm.start_code = PAGE_OFFSET;
1013 init_mm.end_code = (unsigned long) &_etext;
1014 init_mm.end_data = (unsigned long) &_edata;
1015 init_mm.brk = (unsigned long) &_end;
1017 if (MACHINE_HAS_MVCOS)
1018 memcpy(&uaccess, &uaccess_mvcos, sizeof(uaccess));
1020 memcpy(&uaccess, &uaccess_std, sizeof(uaccess));
1022 parse_early_param();
1026 setup_addressing_mode();
1028 reserve_crashkernel();
1032 setup_restart_psw();
1036 s390_init_cpu_topology();
1039 * Setup capabilities (ELF_HWCAP & ELF_PLATFORM).
1044 * Create kernel page tables and switch to virtual addressing.
1048 /* Setup default console */
1050 set_preferred_console();
1052 /* Setup zfcpdump support */
1053 setup_zfcpdump(console_devno);