1 # SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0
3 # General architecture dependent options
7 # Note: arch/$(SRCARCH)/Kconfig needs to be included first so that it can
8 # override the default values in this file.
10 source "arch/$(SRCARCH)/Kconfig"
12 menu "General architecture-dependent options"
39 depends on HAVE_KPROBES
42 Kprobes allows you to trap at almost any kernel address and
43 execute a callback function. register_kprobe() establishes
44 a probepoint and specifies the callback. Kprobes is useful
45 for kernel debugging, non-intrusive instrumentation and testing.
49 bool "Optimize very unlikely/likely branches"
50 depends on HAVE_ARCH_JUMP_LABEL
51 depends on CC_HAS_ASM_GOTO
53 This option enables a transparent branch optimization that
54 makes certain almost-always-true or almost-always-false branch
55 conditions even cheaper to execute within the kernel.
57 Certain performance-sensitive kernel code, such as trace points,
58 scheduler functionality, networking code and KVM have such
59 branches and include support for this optimization technique.
61 If it is detected that the compiler has support for "asm goto",
62 the kernel will compile such branches with just a nop
63 instruction. When the condition flag is toggled to true, the
64 nop will be converted to a jump instruction to execute the
65 conditional block of instructions.
67 This technique lowers overhead and stress on the branch prediction
68 of the processor and generally makes the kernel faster. The update
69 of the condition is slower, but those are always very rare.
71 ( On 32-bit x86, the necessary options added to the compiler
72 flags may increase the size of the kernel slightly. )
74 config STATIC_KEYS_SELFTEST
75 bool "Static key selftest"
78 Boot time self-test of the branch patching code.
80 config STATIC_CALL_SELFTEST
81 bool "Static call selftest"
82 depends on HAVE_STATIC_CALL
84 Boot time self-test of the call patching code.
88 depends on KPROBES && HAVE_OPTPROBES
89 select TASKS_RCU if PREEMPTION
91 config KPROBES_ON_FTRACE
93 depends on KPROBES && HAVE_KPROBES_ON_FTRACE
94 depends on DYNAMIC_FTRACE_WITH_REGS
96 If function tracer is enabled and the arch supports full
97 passing of pt_regs to function tracing, then kprobes can
98 optimize on top of function tracing.
102 depends on ARCH_SUPPORTS_UPROBES
104 Uprobes is the user-space counterpart to kprobes: they
105 enable instrumentation applications (such as 'perf probe')
106 to establish unintrusive probes in user-space binaries and
107 libraries, by executing handler functions when the probes
108 are hit by user-space applications.
110 ( These probes come in the form of single-byte breakpoints,
111 managed by the kernel and kept transparent to the probed
114 config HAVE_64BIT_ALIGNED_ACCESS
115 def_bool 64BIT && !HAVE_EFFICIENT_UNALIGNED_ACCESS
117 Some architectures require 64 bit accesses to be 64 bit
118 aligned, which also requires structs containing 64 bit values
119 to be 64 bit aligned too. This includes some 32 bit
120 architectures which can do 64 bit accesses, as well as 64 bit
121 architectures without unaligned access.
123 This symbol should be selected by an architecture if 64 bit
124 accesses are required to be 64 bit aligned in this way even
125 though it is not a 64 bit architecture.
127 See Documentation/core-api/unaligned-memory-access.rst for
128 more information on the topic of unaligned memory accesses.
130 config HAVE_EFFICIENT_UNALIGNED_ACCESS
133 Some architectures are unable to perform unaligned accesses
134 without the use of get_unaligned/put_unaligned. Others are
135 unable to perform such accesses efficiently (e.g. trap on
136 unaligned access and require fixing it up in the exception
139 This symbol should be selected by an architecture if it can
140 perform unaligned accesses efficiently to allow different
141 code paths to be selected for these cases. Some network
142 drivers, for example, could opt to not fix up alignment
143 problems with received packets if doing so would not help
146 See Documentation/core-api/unaligned-memory-access.rst for more
147 information on the topic of unaligned memory accesses.
149 config ARCH_USE_BUILTIN_BSWAP
152 Modern versions of GCC (since 4.4) have builtin functions
153 for handling byte-swapping. Using these, instead of the old
154 inline assembler that the architecture code provides in the
155 __arch_bswapXX() macros, allows the compiler to see what's
156 happening and offers more opportunity for optimisation. In
157 particular, the compiler will be able to combine the byteswap
158 with a nearby load or store and use load-and-swap or
159 store-and-swap instructions if the architecture has them. It
160 should almost *never* result in code which is worse than the
161 hand-coded assembler in <asm/swab.h>. But just in case it
162 does, the use of the builtins is optional.
164 Any architecture with load-and-swap or store-and-swap
165 instructions should set this. And it shouldn't hurt to set it
166 on architectures that don't have such instructions.
170 depends on KPROBES && HAVE_KRETPROBES
172 config USER_RETURN_NOTIFIER
174 depends on HAVE_USER_RETURN_NOTIFIER
176 Provide a kernel-internal notification when a cpu is about to
179 config HAVE_IOREMAP_PROT
185 config HAVE_KRETPROBES
188 config HAVE_OPTPROBES
191 config HAVE_KPROBES_ON_FTRACE
194 config HAVE_FUNCTION_ERROR_INJECTION
200 config TRACE_IRQFLAGS_SUPPORT
203 config TRACE_IRQFLAGS_NMI_SUPPORT
207 # An arch should select this if it provides all these things:
209 # task_pt_regs() in asm/processor.h or asm/ptrace.h
210 # arch_has_single_step() if there is hardware single-step support
211 # arch_has_block_step() if there is hardware block-step support
212 # asm/syscall.h supplying asm-generic/syscall.h interface
213 # linux/regset.h user_regset interfaces
214 # CORE_DUMP_USE_REGSET #define'd in linux/elf.h
215 # TIF_SYSCALL_TRACE calls tracehook_report_syscall_{entry,exit}
216 # TIF_NOTIFY_RESUME calls tracehook_notify_resume()
217 # signal delivery calls tracehook_signal_handler()
219 config HAVE_ARCH_TRACEHOOK
222 config HAVE_DMA_CONTIGUOUS
225 config GENERIC_SMP_IDLE_THREAD
228 config GENERIC_IDLE_POLL_SETUP
231 config ARCH_HAS_FORTIFY_SOURCE
234 An architecture should select this when it can successfully
235 build and run with CONFIG_FORTIFY_SOURCE.
238 # Select if the arch provides a historic keepinit alias for the retain_initrd
239 # command line option
241 config ARCH_HAS_KEEPINITRD
244 # Select if arch has all set_memory_ro/rw/x/nx() functions in asm/cacheflush.h
245 config ARCH_HAS_SET_MEMORY
248 # Select if arch has all set_direct_map_invalid/default() functions
249 config ARCH_HAS_SET_DIRECT_MAP
253 # Select if the architecture provides the arch_dma_set_uncached symbol to
254 # either provide an uncached segment alias for a DMA allocation, or
255 # to remap the page tables in place.
257 config ARCH_HAS_DMA_SET_UNCACHED
261 # Select if the architectures provides the arch_dma_clear_uncached symbol
262 # to undo an in-place page table remap for uncached access.
264 config ARCH_HAS_DMA_CLEAR_UNCACHED
267 # Select if arch init_task must go in the __init_task_data section
268 config ARCH_TASK_STRUCT_ON_STACK
271 # Select if arch has its private alloc_task_struct() function
272 config ARCH_TASK_STRUCT_ALLOCATOR
275 config HAVE_ARCH_THREAD_STRUCT_WHITELIST
277 depends on !ARCH_TASK_STRUCT_ALLOCATOR
279 An architecture should select this to provide hardened usercopy
280 knowledge about what region of the thread_struct should be
281 whitelisted for copying to userspace. Normally this is only the
282 FPU registers. Specifically, arch_thread_struct_whitelist()
283 should be implemented. Without this, the entire thread_struct
284 field in task_struct will be left whitelisted.
286 # Select if arch has its private alloc_thread_stack() function
287 config ARCH_THREAD_STACK_ALLOCATOR
290 # Select if arch wants to size task_struct dynamically via arch_task_struct_size:
291 config ARCH_WANTS_DYNAMIC_TASK_STRUCT
294 config ARCH_WANTS_NO_INSTR
297 An architecture should select this if the noinstr macro is being used on
298 functions to denote that the toolchain should avoid instrumenting such
299 functions and is required for correctness.
301 config ARCH_32BIT_OFF_T
305 All new 32-bit architectures should have 64-bit off_t type on
306 userspace side which corresponds to the loff_t kernel type. This
307 is the requirement for modern ABIs. Some existing architectures
308 still support 32-bit off_t. This option is enabled for all such
309 architectures explicitly.
311 # Selected by 64 bit architectures which have a 32 bit f_tinode in struct ustat
312 config ARCH_32BIT_USTAT_F_TINODE
315 config HAVE_ASM_MODVERSIONS
318 This symbol should be selected by an architecture if it provides
319 <asm/asm-prototypes.h> to support the module versioning for symbols
320 exported from assembly code.
322 config HAVE_REGS_AND_STACK_ACCESS_API
325 This symbol should be selected by an architecture if it supports
326 the API needed to access registers and stack entries from pt_regs,
327 declared in asm/ptrace.h
328 For example the kprobes-based event tracer needs this API.
332 depends on HAVE_REGS_AND_STACK_ACCESS_API
334 This symbol should be selected by an architecture if it
335 supports an implementation of restartable sequences.
337 config HAVE_FUNCTION_ARG_ACCESS_API
340 This symbol should be selected by an architecture if it supports
341 the API needed to access function arguments from pt_regs,
342 declared in asm/ptrace.h
344 config HAVE_HW_BREAKPOINT
346 depends on PERF_EVENTS
348 config HAVE_MIXED_BREAKPOINTS_REGS
350 depends on HAVE_HW_BREAKPOINT
352 Depending on the arch implementation of hardware breakpoints,
353 some of them have separate registers for data and instruction
354 breakpoints addresses, others have mixed registers to store
355 them but define the access type in a control register.
356 Select this option if your arch implements breakpoints under the
359 config HAVE_USER_RETURN_NOTIFIER
362 config HAVE_PERF_EVENTS_NMI
365 System hardware can generate an NMI using the perf event
366 subsystem. Also has support for calculating CPU cycle events
367 to determine how many clock cycles in a given period.
369 config HAVE_HARDLOCKUP_DETECTOR_PERF
371 depends on HAVE_PERF_EVENTS_NMI
373 The arch chooses to use the generic perf-NMI-based hardlockup
374 detector. Must define HAVE_PERF_EVENTS_NMI.
376 config HAVE_NMI_WATCHDOG
380 The arch provides a low level NMI watchdog. It provides
381 asm/nmi.h, and defines its own arch_touch_nmi_watchdog().
383 config HAVE_HARDLOCKUP_DETECTOR_ARCH
385 select HAVE_NMI_WATCHDOG
387 The arch chooses to provide its own hardlockup detector, which is
388 a superset of the HAVE_NMI_WATCHDOG. It also conforms to config
389 interfaces and parameters provided by hardlockup detector subsystem.
391 config HAVE_PERF_REGS
394 Support selective register dumps for perf events. This includes
395 bit-mapping of each registers and a unique architecture id.
397 config HAVE_PERF_USER_STACK_DUMP
400 Support user stack dumps for perf event samples. This needs
401 access to the user stack pointer which is not unified across
404 config HAVE_ARCH_JUMP_LABEL
407 config HAVE_ARCH_JUMP_LABEL_RELATIVE
410 config MMU_GATHER_TABLE_FREE
413 config MMU_GATHER_RCU_TABLE_FREE
415 select MMU_GATHER_TABLE_FREE
417 config MMU_GATHER_PAGE_SIZE
420 config MMU_GATHER_NO_RANGE
423 config MMU_GATHER_NO_GATHER
425 depends on MMU_GATHER_TABLE_FREE
427 config ARCH_WANT_IRQS_OFF_ACTIVATE_MM
430 Temporary select until all architectures can be converted to have
431 irqs disabled over activate_mm. Architectures that do IPI based TLB
432 shootdowns should enable this.
434 config ARCH_HAVE_NMI_SAFE_CMPXCHG
437 config HAVE_ALIGNED_STRUCT_PAGE
440 This makes sure that struct pages are double word aligned and that
441 e.g. the SLUB allocator can perform double word atomic operations
442 on a struct page for better performance. However selecting this
443 might increase the size of a struct page by a word.
445 config HAVE_CMPXCHG_LOCAL
448 config HAVE_CMPXCHG_DOUBLE
451 config ARCH_WEAK_RELEASE_ACQUIRE
454 config ARCH_WANT_IPC_PARSE_VERSION
457 config ARCH_WANT_COMPAT_IPC_PARSE_VERSION
460 config ARCH_WANT_OLD_COMPAT_IPC
461 select ARCH_WANT_COMPAT_IPC_PARSE_VERSION
464 config HAVE_ARCH_SECCOMP
467 An arch should select this symbol to support seccomp mode 1 (the fixed
468 syscall policy), and must provide an overrides for __NR_seccomp_sigreturn,
469 and compat syscalls if the asm-generic/seccomp.h defaults need adjustment:
470 - __NR_seccomp_read_32
471 - __NR_seccomp_write_32
472 - __NR_seccomp_exit_32
473 - __NR_seccomp_sigreturn_32
475 config HAVE_ARCH_SECCOMP_FILTER
477 select HAVE_ARCH_SECCOMP
479 An arch should select this symbol if it provides all of these things:
480 - all the requirements for HAVE_ARCH_SECCOMP
482 - syscall_get_arguments()
484 - syscall_set_return_value()
485 - SIGSYS siginfo_t support
486 - secure_computing is called from a ptrace_event()-safe context
487 - secure_computing return value is checked and a return value of -1
488 results in the system call being skipped immediately.
489 - seccomp syscall wired up
490 - if !HAVE_SPARSE_SYSCALL_NR, have SECCOMP_ARCH_NATIVE,
491 SECCOMP_ARCH_NATIVE_NR, SECCOMP_ARCH_NATIVE_NAME defined. If
492 COMPAT is supported, have the SECCOMP_ARCH_COMPAT* defines too.
495 prompt "Enable seccomp to safely execute untrusted bytecode"
497 depends on HAVE_ARCH_SECCOMP
499 This kernel feature is useful for number crunching applications
500 that may need to handle untrusted bytecode during their
501 execution. By using pipes or other transports made available
502 to the process as file descriptors supporting the read/write
503 syscalls, it's possible to isolate those applications in their
504 own address space using seccomp. Once seccomp is enabled via
505 prctl(PR_SET_SECCOMP) or the seccomp() syscall, it cannot be
506 disabled and the task is only allowed to execute a few safe
507 syscalls defined by each seccomp mode.
511 config SECCOMP_FILTER
513 depends on HAVE_ARCH_SECCOMP_FILTER && SECCOMP && NET
515 Enable tasks to build secure computing environments defined
516 in terms of Berkeley Packet Filter programs which implement
517 task-defined system call filtering polices.
519 See Documentation/userspace-api/seccomp_filter.rst for details.
521 config SECCOMP_CACHE_DEBUG
522 bool "Show seccomp filter cache status in /proc/pid/seccomp_cache"
523 depends on SECCOMP_FILTER && !HAVE_SPARSE_SYSCALL_NR
526 This enables the /proc/pid/seccomp_cache interface to monitor
527 seccomp cache data. The file format is subject to change. Reading
528 the file requires CAP_SYS_ADMIN.
530 This option is for debugging only. Enabling presents the risk that
531 an adversary may be able to infer the seccomp filter logic.
535 config HAVE_ARCH_STACKLEAK
538 An architecture should select this if it has the code which
539 fills the used part of the kernel stack with the STACKLEAK_POISON
540 value before returning from system calls.
542 config HAVE_STACKPROTECTOR
545 An arch should select this symbol if:
546 - it has implemented a stack canary (e.g. __stack_chk_guard)
548 config STACKPROTECTOR
549 bool "Stack Protector buffer overflow detection"
550 depends on HAVE_STACKPROTECTOR
551 depends on $(cc-option,-fstack-protector)
554 This option turns on the "stack-protector" GCC feature. This
555 feature puts, at the beginning of functions, a canary value on
556 the stack just before the return address, and validates
557 the value just before actually returning. Stack based buffer
558 overflows (that need to overwrite this return address) now also
559 overwrite the canary, which gets detected and the attack is then
560 neutralized via a kernel panic.
562 Functions will have the stack-protector canary logic added if they
563 have an 8-byte or larger character array on the stack.
565 This feature requires gcc version 4.2 or above, or a distribution
566 gcc with the feature backported ("-fstack-protector").
568 On an x86 "defconfig" build, this feature adds canary checks to
569 about 3% of all kernel functions, which increases kernel code size
572 config STACKPROTECTOR_STRONG
573 bool "Strong Stack Protector"
574 depends on STACKPROTECTOR
575 depends on $(cc-option,-fstack-protector-strong)
578 Functions will have the stack-protector canary logic added in any
579 of the following conditions:
581 - local variable's address used as part of the right hand side of an
582 assignment or function argument
583 - local variable is an array (or union containing an array),
584 regardless of array type or length
585 - uses register local variables
587 This feature requires gcc version 4.9 or above, or a distribution
588 gcc with the feature backported ("-fstack-protector-strong").
590 On an x86 "defconfig" build, this feature adds canary checks to
591 about 20% of all kernel functions, which increases the kernel code
594 config ARCH_SUPPORTS_SHADOW_CALL_STACK
597 An architecture should select this if it supports Clang's Shadow
598 Call Stack and implements runtime support for shadow stack
601 config SHADOW_CALL_STACK
602 bool "Clang Shadow Call Stack"
603 depends on CC_IS_CLANG && ARCH_SUPPORTS_SHADOW_CALL_STACK
604 depends on DYNAMIC_FTRACE_WITH_REGS || !FUNCTION_GRAPH_TRACER
606 This option enables Clang's Shadow Call Stack, which uses a
607 shadow stack to protect function return addresses from being
608 overwritten by an attacker. More information can be found in
609 Clang's documentation:
611 https://clang.llvm.org/docs/ShadowCallStack.html
613 Note that security guarantees in the kernel differ from the
614 ones documented for user space. The kernel must store addresses
615 of shadow stacks in memory, which means an attacker capable of
616 reading and writing arbitrary memory may be able to locate them
617 and hijack control flow by modifying the stacks.
622 Selected if the kernel will be built using the compiler's LTO feature.
628 Selected if the kernel will be built using Clang's LTO feature.
630 config ARCH_SUPPORTS_LTO_CLANG
633 An architecture should select this option if it supports:
634 - compiling with Clang,
635 - compiling inline assembly with Clang's integrated assembler,
636 - and linking with LLD.
638 config ARCH_SUPPORTS_LTO_CLANG_THIN
641 An architecture should select this option if it can support Clang's
646 # Clang >= 11: https://github.com/ClangBuiltLinux/linux/issues/510
647 depends on CC_IS_CLANG && CLANG_VERSION >= 110000 && LD_IS_LLD && AS_IS_LLVM
648 depends on $(success,$(NM) --help | head -n 1 | grep -qi llvm)
649 depends on $(success,$(AR) --help | head -n 1 | grep -qi llvm)
650 depends on ARCH_SUPPORTS_LTO_CLANG
651 depends on !FTRACE_MCOUNT_USE_RECORDMCOUNT
652 depends on !KASAN || KASAN_HW_TAGS
653 depends on !GCOV_KERNEL
655 The compiler and Kconfig options support building with Clang's
659 prompt "Link Time Optimization (LTO)"
662 This option enables Link Time Optimization (LTO), which allows the
663 compiler to optimize binaries globally.
665 If unsure, select LTO_NONE. Note that LTO is very resource-intensive
666 so it's disabled by default.
671 Build the kernel normally, without Link Time Optimization (LTO).
673 config LTO_CLANG_FULL
674 bool "Clang Full LTO (EXPERIMENTAL)"
675 depends on HAS_LTO_CLANG
676 depends on !COMPILE_TEST
679 This option enables Clang's full Link Time Optimization (LTO), which
680 allows the compiler to optimize the kernel globally. If you enable
681 this option, the compiler generates LLVM bitcode instead of ELF
682 object files, and the actual compilation from bitcode happens at
683 the LTO link step, which may take several minutes depending on the
684 kernel configuration. More information can be found from LLVM's
687 https://llvm.org/docs/LinkTimeOptimization.html
689 During link time, this option can use a large amount of RAM, and
690 may take much longer than the ThinLTO option.
692 config LTO_CLANG_THIN
693 bool "Clang ThinLTO (EXPERIMENTAL)"
694 depends on HAS_LTO_CLANG && ARCH_SUPPORTS_LTO_CLANG_THIN
697 This option enables Clang's ThinLTO, which allows for parallel
698 optimization and faster incremental compiles compared to the
699 CONFIG_LTO_CLANG_FULL option. More information can be found
700 from Clang's documentation:
702 https://clang.llvm.org/docs/ThinLTO.html
707 config ARCH_SUPPORTS_CFI_CLANG
710 An architecture should select this option if it can support Clang's
711 Control-Flow Integrity (CFI) checking.
714 bool "Use Clang's Control Flow Integrity (CFI)"
715 depends on LTO_CLANG && ARCH_SUPPORTS_CFI_CLANG
717 # - https://bugs.llvm.org/show_bug.cgi?id=46258
718 # - https://bugs.llvm.org/show_bug.cgi?id=47479
719 depends on CLANG_VERSION >= 120000
722 This option enables Clang’s forward-edge Control Flow Integrity
723 (CFI) checking, where the compiler injects a runtime check to each
724 indirect function call to ensure the target is a valid function with
725 the correct static type. This restricts possible call targets and
726 makes it more difficult for an attacker to exploit bugs that allow
727 the modification of stored function pointers. More information can be
728 found from Clang's documentation:
730 https://clang.llvm.org/docs/ControlFlowIntegrity.html
732 config CFI_CLANG_SHADOW
733 bool "Use CFI shadow to speed up cross-module checks"
735 depends on CFI_CLANG && MODULES
737 If you select this option, the kernel builds a fast look-up table of
738 CFI check functions in loaded modules to reduce performance overhead.
742 config CFI_PERMISSIVE
743 bool "Use CFI in permissive mode"
746 When selected, Control Flow Integrity (CFI) violations result in a
747 warning instead of a kernel panic. This option should only be used
748 for finding indirect call type mismatches during development.
752 config HAVE_ARCH_WITHIN_STACK_FRAMES
755 An architecture should select this if it can walk the kernel stack
756 frames to determine if an object is part of either the arguments
757 or local variables (i.e. that it excludes saved return addresses,
758 and similar) by implementing an inline arch_within_stack_frames(),
759 which is used by CONFIG_HARDENED_USERCOPY.
761 config HAVE_CONTEXT_TRACKING
764 Provide kernel/user boundaries probes necessary for subsystems
765 that need it, such as userspace RCU extended quiescent state.
766 Syscalls need to be wrapped inside user_exit()-user_enter(), either
767 optimized behind static key or through the slow path using TIF_NOHZ
768 flag. Exceptions handlers must be wrapped as well. Irqs are already
769 protected inside rcu_irq_enter/rcu_irq_exit() but preemption or signal
770 handling on irq exit still need to be protected.
772 config HAVE_CONTEXT_TRACKING_OFFSTACK
775 Architecture neither relies on exception_enter()/exception_exit()
776 nor on schedule_user(). Also preempt_schedule_notrace() and
777 preempt_schedule_irq() can't be called in a preemptible section
778 while context tracking is CONTEXT_USER. This feature reflects a sane
779 entry implementation where the following requirements are met on
780 critical entry code, ie: before user_exit() or after user_enter():
782 - Critical entry code isn't preemptible (or better yet:
784 - No use of RCU read side critical sections, unless rcu_nmi_enter()
786 - No use of instrumentation, unless instrumentation_begin() got
792 Arch relies on TIF_NOHZ and syscall slow path to implement context
793 tracking calls to user_enter()/user_exit().
795 config HAVE_VIRT_CPU_ACCOUNTING
798 config HAVE_VIRT_CPU_ACCOUNTING_IDLE
801 Architecture has its own way to account idle CPU time and therefore
802 doesn't implement vtime_account_idle().
804 config ARCH_HAS_SCALED_CPUTIME
807 config HAVE_VIRT_CPU_ACCOUNTING_GEN
811 With VIRT_CPU_ACCOUNTING_GEN, cputime_t becomes 64-bit.
812 Before enabling this option, arch code must be audited
813 to ensure there are no races in concurrent read/write of
814 cputime_t. For example, reading/writing 64-bit cputime_t on
815 some 32-bit arches may require multiple accesses, so proper
816 locking is needed to protect against concurrent accesses.
818 config HAVE_IRQ_TIME_ACCOUNTING
821 Archs need to ensure they use a high enough resolution clock to
822 support irq time accounting and then call enable_sched_clock_irqtime().
827 Architectures that select this are able to move page tables at the
828 PUD level. If there are only 3 page table levels, the move effectively
829 happens at the PGD level.
834 Archs that select this are able to move page tables at the PMD level.
836 config HAVE_ARCH_TRANSPARENT_HUGEPAGE
839 config HAVE_ARCH_TRANSPARENT_HUGEPAGE_PUD
842 config HAVE_ARCH_HUGE_VMAP
846 # Archs that select this would be capable of PMD-sized vmaps (i.e.,
847 # arch_vmap_pmd_supported() returns true), and they must make no assumptions
848 # that vmalloc memory is mapped with PAGE_SIZE ptes. The VM_NO_HUGE_VMAP flag
849 # can be used to prohibit arch-specific allocations from using hugepages to
850 # help with this (e.g., modules may require it).
852 config HAVE_ARCH_HUGE_VMALLOC
853 depends on HAVE_ARCH_HUGE_VMAP
856 config ARCH_WANT_HUGE_PMD_SHARE
859 config HAVE_ARCH_SOFT_DIRTY
862 config HAVE_MOD_ARCH_SPECIFIC
865 The arch uses struct mod_arch_specific to store data. Many arches
866 just need a simple module loader without arch specific data - those
867 should not enable this.
869 config MODULES_USE_ELF_RELA
872 Modules only use ELF RELA relocations. Modules with ELF REL
873 relocations will give an error.
875 config MODULES_USE_ELF_REL
878 Modules only use ELF REL relocations. Modules with ELF RELA
879 relocations will give an error.
881 config HAVE_IRQ_EXIT_ON_IRQ_STACK
884 Architecture doesn't only execute the irq handler on the irq stack
885 but also irq_exit(). This way we can process softirqs on this irq
886 stack instead of switching to a new one when we call __do_softirq()
887 in the end of an hardirq.
888 This spares a stack switch and improves cache usage on softirq
891 config HAVE_SOFTIRQ_ON_OWN_STACK
894 Architecture provides a function to run __do_softirq() on a
897 config PGTABLE_LEVELS
901 config ARCH_HAS_ELF_RANDOMIZE
904 An architecture supports choosing randomized locations for
905 stack, mmap, brk, and ET_DYN. Defined functions:
907 - arch_randomize_brk()
909 config HAVE_ARCH_MMAP_RND_BITS
912 An arch should select this symbol if it supports setting a variable
913 number of bits for use in establishing the base address for mmap
914 allocations, has MMU enabled and provides values for both:
915 - ARCH_MMAP_RND_BITS_MIN
916 - ARCH_MMAP_RND_BITS_MAX
918 config HAVE_EXIT_THREAD
921 An architecture implements exit_thread.
923 config ARCH_MMAP_RND_BITS_MIN
926 config ARCH_MMAP_RND_BITS_MAX
929 config ARCH_MMAP_RND_BITS_DEFAULT
932 config ARCH_MMAP_RND_BITS
933 int "Number of bits to use for ASLR of mmap base address" if EXPERT
934 range ARCH_MMAP_RND_BITS_MIN ARCH_MMAP_RND_BITS_MAX
935 default ARCH_MMAP_RND_BITS_DEFAULT if ARCH_MMAP_RND_BITS_DEFAULT
936 default ARCH_MMAP_RND_BITS_MIN
937 depends on HAVE_ARCH_MMAP_RND_BITS
939 This value can be used to select the number of bits to use to
940 determine the random offset to the base address of vma regions
941 resulting from mmap allocations. This value will be bounded
942 by the architecture's minimum and maximum supported values.
944 This value can be changed after boot using the
945 /proc/sys/vm/mmap_rnd_bits tunable
947 config HAVE_ARCH_MMAP_RND_COMPAT_BITS
950 An arch should select this symbol if it supports running applications
951 in compatibility mode, supports setting a variable number of bits for
952 use in establishing the base address for mmap allocations, has MMU
953 enabled and provides values for both:
954 - ARCH_MMAP_RND_COMPAT_BITS_MIN
955 - ARCH_MMAP_RND_COMPAT_BITS_MAX
957 config ARCH_MMAP_RND_COMPAT_BITS_MIN
960 config ARCH_MMAP_RND_COMPAT_BITS_MAX
963 config ARCH_MMAP_RND_COMPAT_BITS_DEFAULT
966 config ARCH_MMAP_RND_COMPAT_BITS
967 int "Number of bits to use for ASLR of mmap base address for compatible applications" if EXPERT
968 range ARCH_MMAP_RND_COMPAT_BITS_MIN ARCH_MMAP_RND_COMPAT_BITS_MAX
969 default ARCH_MMAP_RND_COMPAT_BITS_DEFAULT if ARCH_MMAP_RND_COMPAT_BITS_DEFAULT
970 default ARCH_MMAP_RND_COMPAT_BITS_MIN
971 depends on HAVE_ARCH_MMAP_RND_COMPAT_BITS
973 This value can be used to select the number of bits to use to
974 determine the random offset to the base address of vma regions
975 resulting from mmap allocations for compatible applications This
976 value will be bounded by the architecture's minimum and maximum
979 This value can be changed after boot using the
980 /proc/sys/vm/mmap_rnd_compat_bits tunable
982 config HAVE_ARCH_COMPAT_MMAP_BASES
985 This allows 64bit applications to invoke 32-bit mmap() syscall
986 and vice-versa 32-bit applications to call 64-bit mmap().
987 Required for applications doing different bitness syscalls.
989 # This allows to use a set of generic functions to determine mmap base
990 # address by giving priority to top-down scheme only if the process
991 # is not in legacy mode (compat task, unlimited stack size or
992 # sysctl_legacy_va_layout).
993 # Architecture that selects this option can provide its own version of:
995 config ARCH_WANT_DEFAULT_TOPDOWN_MMAP_LAYOUT
998 select ARCH_HAS_ELF_RANDOMIZE
1000 config HAVE_STACK_VALIDATION
1003 Architecture supports the 'objtool check' host tool command, which
1004 performs compile-time stack metadata validation.
1006 config HAVE_RELIABLE_STACKTRACE
1009 Architecture has either save_stack_trace_tsk_reliable() or
1010 arch_stack_walk_reliable() function which only returns a stack trace
1011 if it can guarantee the trace is reliable.
1013 config HAVE_ARCH_HASH
1017 If this is set, the architecture provides an <asm/hash.h>
1018 file which provides platform-specific implementations of some
1019 functions in <linux/hash.h> or fs/namei.c.
1021 config HAVE_ARCH_NVRAM_OPS
1030 config CLONE_BACKWARDS
1033 Architecture has tls passed as the 4th argument of clone(2),
1036 config CLONE_BACKWARDS2
1039 Architecture has the first two arguments of clone(2) swapped.
1041 config CLONE_BACKWARDS3
1044 Architecture has tls passed as the 3rd argument of clone(2),
1047 config ODD_RT_SIGACTION
1050 Architecture has unusual rt_sigaction(2) arguments
1052 config OLD_SIGSUSPEND
1055 Architecture has old sigsuspend(2) syscall, of one-argument variety
1057 config OLD_SIGSUSPEND3
1060 Even weirder antique ABI - three-argument sigsuspend(2)
1062 config OLD_SIGACTION
1065 Architecture has old sigaction(2) syscall. Nope, not the same
1066 as OLD_SIGSUSPEND | OLD_SIGSUSPEND3 - alpha has sigsuspend(2),
1067 but fairly different variant of sigaction(2), thanks to OSF/1
1070 config COMPAT_OLD_SIGACTION
1073 config COMPAT_32BIT_TIME
1074 bool "Provide system calls for 32-bit time_t"
1075 default !64BIT || COMPAT
1077 This enables 32 bit time_t support in addition to 64 bit time_t support.
1078 This is relevant on all 32-bit architectures, and 64-bit architectures
1079 as part of compat syscall handling.
1081 config ARCH_NO_PREEMPT
1084 config ARCH_EPHEMERAL_INODES
1087 An arch should select this symbol if it doesn't keep track of inode
1088 instances on its own, but instead relies on something else (e.g. the
1089 host kernel for an UML kernel).
1091 config ARCH_SUPPORTS_RT
1094 config CPU_NO_EFFICIENT_FFS
1097 config HAVE_ARCH_VMAP_STACK
1100 An arch should select this symbol if it can support kernel stacks
1101 in vmalloc space. This means:
1103 - vmalloc space must be large enough to hold many kernel stacks.
1104 This may rule out many 32-bit architectures.
1106 - Stacks in vmalloc space need to work reliably. For example, if
1107 vmap page tables are created on demand, either this mechanism
1108 needs to work while the stack points to a virtual address with
1109 unpopulated page tables or arch code (switch_to() and switch_mm(),
1110 most likely) needs to ensure that the stack's page table entries
1111 are populated before running on a possibly unpopulated stack.
1113 - If the stack overflows into a guard page, something reasonable
1114 should happen. The definition of "reasonable" is flexible, but
1115 instantly rebooting without logging anything would be unfriendly.
1119 bool "Use a virtually-mapped stack"
1120 depends on HAVE_ARCH_VMAP_STACK
1121 depends on !KASAN || KASAN_HW_TAGS || KASAN_VMALLOC
1123 Enable this if you want the use virtually-mapped kernel stacks
1124 with guard pages. This causes kernel stack overflows to be
1125 caught immediately rather than causing difficult-to-diagnose
1128 To use this with software KASAN modes, the architecture must support
1129 backing virtual mappings with real shadow memory, and KASAN_VMALLOC
1132 config HAVE_ARCH_RANDOMIZE_KSTACK_OFFSET
1135 An arch should select this symbol if it can support kernel stack
1136 offset randomization with calls to add_random_kstack_offset()
1137 during syscall entry and choose_random_kstack_offset() during
1138 syscall exit. Careful removal of -fstack-protector-strong and
1139 -fstack-protector should also be applied to the entry code and
1140 closely examined, as the artificial stack bump looks like an array
1141 to the compiler, so it will attempt to add canary checks regardless
1142 of the static branch state.
1144 config RANDOMIZE_KSTACK_OFFSET_DEFAULT
1145 bool "Randomize kernel stack offset on syscall entry"
1146 depends on HAVE_ARCH_RANDOMIZE_KSTACK_OFFSET
1147 depends on INIT_STACK_NONE || !CC_IS_CLANG || CLANG_VERSION >= 140000
1149 The kernel stack offset can be randomized (after pt_regs) by
1150 roughly 5 bits of entropy, frustrating memory corruption
1151 attacks that depend on stack address determinism or
1152 cross-syscall address exposures. This feature is controlled
1153 by kernel boot param "randomize_kstack_offset=on/off", and this
1154 config chooses the default boot state.
1156 config ARCH_OPTIONAL_KERNEL_RWX
1159 config ARCH_OPTIONAL_KERNEL_RWX_DEFAULT
1162 config ARCH_HAS_STRICT_KERNEL_RWX
1165 config STRICT_KERNEL_RWX
1166 bool "Make kernel text and rodata read-only" if ARCH_OPTIONAL_KERNEL_RWX
1167 depends on ARCH_HAS_STRICT_KERNEL_RWX
1168 default !ARCH_OPTIONAL_KERNEL_RWX || ARCH_OPTIONAL_KERNEL_RWX_DEFAULT
1170 If this is set, kernel text and rodata memory will be made read-only,
1171 and non-text memory will be made non-executable. This provides
1172 protection against certain security exploits (e.g. executing the heap
1175 These features are considered standard security practice these days.
1176 You should say Y here in almost all cases.
1178 config ARCH_HAS_STRICT_MODULE_RWX
1181 config STRICT_MODULE_RWX
1182 bool "Set loadable kernel module data as NX and text as RO" if ARCH_OPTIONAL_KERNEL_RWX
1183 depends on ARCH_HAS_STRICT_MODULE_RWX && MODULES
1184 default !ARCH_OPTIONAL_KERNEL_RWX || ARCH_OPTIONAL_KERNEL_RWX_DEFAULT
1186 If this is set, module text and rodata memory will be made read-only,
1187 and non-text memory will be made non-executable. This provides
1188 protection against certain security exploits (e.g. writing to text)
1190 # select if the architecture provides an asm/dma-direct.h header
1191 config ARCH_HAS_PHYS_TO_DMA
1194 config HAVE_ARCH_COMPILER_H
1197 An architecture can select this if it provides an
1198 asm/compiler.h header that should be included after
1199 linux/compiler-*.h in order to override macro definitions that those
1200 headers generally provide.
1202 config HAVE_ARCH_PREL32_RELOCATIONS
1205 May be selected by an architecture if it supports place-relative
1206 32-bit relocations, both in the toolchain and in the module loader,
1207 in which case relative references can be used in special sections
1208 for PCI fixup, initcalls etc which are only half the size on 64 bit
1209 architectures, and don't require runtime relocation on relocatable
1212 config ARCH_USE_MEMREMAP_PROT
1215 config LOCK_EVENT_COUNTS
1216 bool "Locking event counts collection"
1219 Enable light-weight counting of various locking related events
1220 in the system with minimal performance impact. This reduces
1221 the chance of application behavior change because of timing
1222 differences. The counts are reported via debugfs.
1224 # Select if the architecture has support for applying RELR relocations.
1225 config ARCH_HAS_RELR
1229 bool "Use RELR relocation packing"
1230 depends on ARCH_HAS_RELR && TOOLS_SUPPORT_RELR
1233 Store the kernel's dynamic relocations in the RELR relocation packing
1234 format. Requires a compatible linker (LLD supports this feature), as
1235 well as compatible NM and OBJCOPY utilities (llvm-nm and llvm-objcopy
1238 config ARCH_HAS_MEM_ENCRYPT
1241 config ARCH_HAS_CC_PLATFORM
1244 config HAVE_SPARSE_SYSCALL_NR
1247 An architecture should select this if its syscall numbering is sparse
1248 to save space. For example, MIPS architecture has a syscall array with
1249 entries at 4000, 5000 and 6000 locations. This option turns on syscall
1250 related optimizations for a given architecture.
1252 config ARCH_HAS_VDSO_DATA
1255 config HAVE_STATIC_CALL
1258 config HAVE_STATIC_CALL_INLINE
1260 depends on HAVE_STATIC_CALL
1262 config HAVE_PREEMPT_DYNAMIC
1264 depends on HAVE_STATIC_CALL
1265 depends on GENERIC_ENTRY
1267 Select this if the architecture support boot time preempt setting
1268 on top of static calls. It is strongly advised to support inline
1269 static call to avoid any overhead.
1271 config ARCH_WANT_LD_ORPHAN_WARN
1274 An arch should select this symbol once all linker sections are explicitly
1275 included, size-asserted, or discarded in the linker scripts. This is
1276 important because we never want expected sections to be placed heuristically
1277 by the linker, since the locations of such sections can change between linker
1280 config HAVE_ARCH_PFN_VALID
1283 config ARCH_SUPPORTS_DEBUG_PAGEALLOC
1286 config ARCH_SPLIT_ARG64
1289 If a 32-bit architecture requires 64-bit arguments to be split into
1290 pairs of 32-bit arguments, select this option.
1292 config ARCH_HAS_ELFCORE_COMPAT
1295 config ARCH_HAS_PARANOID_L1D_FLUSH
1298 source "kernel/gcov/Kconfig"
1300 source "scripts/gcc-plugins/Kconfig"