1 # SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0
3 # General architecture dependent options
7 # Note: arch/$(SRCARCH)/Kconfig needs to be included first so that it can
8 # override the default values in this file.
10 source "arch/$(SRCARCH)/Kconfig"
12 menu "General architecture-dependent options"
39 depends on HAVE_KPROBES
42 Kprobes allows you to trap at almost any kernel address and
43 execute a callback function. register_kprobe() establishes
44 a probepoint and specifies the callback. Kprobes is useful
45 for kernel debugging, non-intrusive instrumentation and testing.
49 bool "Optimize very unlikely/likely branches"
50 depends on HAVE_ARCH_JUMP_LABEL
51 depends on CC_HAS_ASM_GOTO
53 This option enables a transparent branch optimization that
54 makes certain almost-always-true or almost-always-false branch
55 conditions even cheaper to execute within the kernel.
57 Certain performance-sensitive kernel code, such as trace points,
58 scheduler functionality, networking code and KVM have such
59 branches and include support for this optimization technique.
61 If it is detected that the compiler has support for "asm goto",
62 the kernel will compile such branches with just a nop
63 instruction. When the condition flag is toggled to true, the
64 nop will be converted to a jump instruction to execute the
65 conditional block of instructions.
67 This technique lowers overhead and stress on the branch prediction
68 of the processor and generally makes the kernel faster. The update
69 of the condition is slower, but those are always very rare.
71 ( On 32-bit x86, the necessary options added to the compiler
72 flags may increase the size of the kernel slightly. )
74 config STATIC_KEYS_SELFTEST
75 bool "Static key selftest"
78 Boot time self-test of the branch patching code.
80 config STATIC_CALL_SELFTEST
81 bool "Static call selftest"
82 depends on HAVE_STATIC_CALL
84 Boot time self-test of the call patching code.
88 depends on KPROBES && HAVE_OPTPROBES
89 select TASKS_RCU if PREEMPTION
91 config KPROBES_ON_FTRACE
93 depends on KPROBES && HAVE_KPROBES_ON_FTRACE
94 depends on DYNAMIC_FTRACE_WITH_REGS
96 If function tracer is enabled and the arch supports full
97 passing of pt_regs to function tracing, then kprobes can
98 optimize on top of function tracing.
102 depends on ARCH_SUPPORTS_UPROBES
104 Uprobes is the user-space counterpart to kprobes: they
105 enable instrumentation applications (such as 'perf probe')
106 to establish unintrusive probes in user-space binaries and
107 libraries, by executing handler functions when the probes
108 are hit by user-space applications.
110 ( These probes come in the form of single-byte breakpoints,
111 managed by the kernel and kept transparent to the probed
114 config HAVE_64BIT_ALIGNED_ACCESS
115 def_bool 64BIT && !HAVE_EFFICIENT_UNALIGNED_ACCESS
117 Some architectures require 64 bit accesses to be 64 bit
118 aligned, which also requires structs containing 64 bit values
119 to be 64 bit aligned too. This includes some 32 bit
120 architectures which can do 64 bit accesses, as well as 64 bit
121 architectures without unaligned access.
123 This symbol should be selected by an architecture if 64 bit
124 accesses are required to be 64 bit aligned in this way even
125 though it is not a 64 bit architecture.
127 See Documentation/core-api/unaligned-memory-access.rst for
128 more information on the topic of unaligned memory accesses.
130 config HAVE_EFFICIENT_UNALIGNED_ACCESS
133 Some architectures are unable to perform unaligned accesses
134 without the use of get_unaligned/put_unaligned. Others are
135 unable to perform such accesses efficiently (e.g. trap on
136 unaligned access and require fixing it up in the exception
139 This symbol should be selected by an architecture if it can
140 perform unaligned accesses efficiently to allow different
141 code paths to be selected for these cases. Some network
142 drivers, for example, could opt to not fix up alignment
143 problems with received packets if doing so would not help
146 See Documentation/core-api/unaligned-memory-access.rst for more
147 information on the topic of unaligned memory accesses.
149 config ARCH_USE_BUILTIN_BSWAP
152 Modern versions of GCC (since 4.4) have builtin functions
153 for handling byte-swapping. Using these, instead of the old
154 inline assembler that the architecture code provides in the
155 __arch_bswapXX() macros, allows the compiler to see what's
156 happening and offers more opportunity for optimisation. In
157 particular, the compiler will be able to combine the byteswap
158 with a nearby load or store and use load-and-swap or
159 store-and-swap instructions if the architecture has them. It
160 should almost *never* result in code which is worse than the
161 hand-coded assembler in <asm/swab.h>. But just in case it
162 does, the use of the builtins is optional.
164 Any architecture with load-and-swap or store-and-swap
165 instructions should set this. And it shouldn't hurt to set it
166 on architectures that don't have such instructions.
170 depends on KPROBES && HAVE_KRETPROBES
172 config USER_RETURN_NOTIFIER
174 depends on HAVE_USER_RETURN_NOTIFIER
176 Provide a kernel-internal notification when a cpu is about to
179 config HAVE_IOREMAP_PROT
185 config HAVE_KRETPROBES
188 config HAVE_OPTPROBES
191 config HAVE_KPROBES_ON_FTRACE
194 config HAVE_FUNCTION_ERROR_INJECTION
201 # An arch should select this if it provides all these things:
203 # task_pt_regs() in asm/processor.h or asm/ptrace.h
204 # arch_has_single_step() if there is hardware single-step support
205 # arch_has_block_step() if there is hardware block-step support
206 # asm/syscall.h supplying asm-generic/syscall.h interface
207 # linux/regset.h user_regset interfaces
208 # CORE_DUMP_USE_REGSET #define'd in linux/elf.h
209 # TIF_SYSCALL_TRACE calls tracehook_report_syscall_{entry,exit}
210 # TIF_NOTIFY_RESUME calls tracehook_notify_resume()
211 # signal delivery calls tracehook_signal_handler()
213 config HAVE_ARCH_TRACEHOOK
216 config HAVE_DMA_CONTIGUOUS
219 config GENERIC_SMP_IDLE_THREAD
222 config GENERIC_IDLE_POLL_SETUP
225 config ARCH_HAS_FORTIFY_SOURCE
228 An architecture should select this when it can successfully
229 build and run with CONFIG_FORTIFY_SOURCE.
232 # Select if the arch provides a historic keepinit alias for the retain_initrd
233 # command line option
235 config ARCH_HAS_KEEPINITRD
238 # Select if arch has all set_memory_ro/rw/x/nx() functions in asm/cacheflush.h
239 config ARCH_HAS_SET_MEMORY
242 # Select if arch has all set_direct_map_invalid/default() functions
243 config ARCH_HAS_SET_DIRECT_MAP
247 # Select if the architecture provides the arch_dma_set_uncached symbol to
248 # either provide an uncached segment alias for a DMA allocation, or
249 # to remap the page tables in place.
251 config ARCH_HAS_DMA_SET_UNCACHED
255 # Select if the architectures provides the arch_dma_clear_uncached symbol
256 # to undo an in-place page table remap for uncached access.
258 config ARCH_HAS_DMA_CLEAR_UNCACHED
261 # Select if arch init_task must go in the __init_task_data section
262 config ARCH_TASK_STRUCT_ON_STACK
265 # Select if arch has its private alloc_task_struct() function
266 config ARCH_TASK_STRUCT_ALLOCATOR
269 config HAVE_ARCH_THREAD_STRUCT_WHITELIST
271 depends on !ARCH_TASK_STRUCT_ALLOCATOR
273 An architecture should select this to provide hardened usercopy
274 knowledge about what region of the thread_struct should be
275 whitelisted for copying to userspace. Normally this is only the
276 FPU registers. Specifically, arch_thread_struct_whitelist()
277 should be implemented. Without this, the entire thread_struct
278 field in task_struct will be left whitelisted.
280 # Select if arch has its private alloc_thread_stack() function
281 config ARCH_THREAD_STACK_ALLOCATOR
284 # Select if arch wants to size task_struct dynamically via arch_task_struct_size:
285 config ARCH_WANTS_DYNAMIC_TASK_STRUCT
288 config ARCH_WANTS_NO_INSTR
291 An architecture should select this if the noinstr macro is being used on
292 functions to denote that the toolchain should avoid instrumenting such
293 functions and is required for correctness.
295 config ARCH_32BIT_OFF_T
299 All new 32-bit architectures should have 64-bit off_t type on
300 userspace side which corresponds to the loff_t kernel type. This
301 is the requirement for modern ABIs. Some existing architectures
302 still support 32-bit off_t. This option is enabled for all such
303 architectures explicitly.
305 # Selected by 64 bit architectures which have a 32 bit f_tinode in struct ustat
306 config ARCH_32BIT_USTAT_F_TINODE
309 config HAVE_ASM_MODVERSIONS
312 This symbol should be selected by an architecture if it provides
313 <asm/asm-prototypes.h> to support the module versioning for symbols
314 exported from assembly code.
316 config HAVE_REGS_AND_STACK_ACCESS_API
319 This symbol should be selected by an architecture if it supports
320 the API needed to access registers and stack entries from pt_regs,
321 declared in asm/ptrace.h
322 For example the kprobes-based event tracer needs this API.
326 depends on HAVE_REGS_AND_STACK_ACCESS_API
328 This symbol should be selected by an architecture if it
329 supports an implementation of restartable sequences.
331 config HAVE_FUNCTION_ARG_ACCESS_API
334 This symbol should be selected by an architecture if it supports
335 the API needed to access function arguments from pt_regs,
336 declared in asm/ptrace.h
338 config HAVE_HW_BREAKPOINT
340 depends on PERF_EVENTS
342 config HAVE_MIXED_BREAKPOINTS_REGS
344 depends on HAVE_HW_BREAKPOINT
346 Depending on the arch implementation of hardware breakpoints,
347 some of them have separate registers for data and instruction
348 breakpoints addresses, others have mixed registers to store
349 them but define the access type in a control register.
350 Select this option if your arch implements breakpoints under the
353 config HAVE_USER_RETURN_NOTIFIER
356 config HAVE_PERF_EVENTS_NMI
359 System hardware can generate an NMI using the perf event
360 subsystem. Also has support for calculating CPU cycle events
361 to determine how many clock cycles in a given period.
363 config HAVE_HARDLOCKUP_DETECTOR_PERF
365 depends on HAVE_PERF_EVENTS_NMI
367 The arch chooses to use the generic perf-NMI-based hardlockup
368 detector. Must define HAVE_PERF_EVENTS_NMI.
370 config HAVE_NMI_WATCHDOG
374 The arch provides a low level NMI watchdog. It provides
375 asm/nmi.h, and defines its own arch_touch_nmi_watchdog().
377 config HAVE_HARDLOCKUP_DETECTOR_ARCH
379 select HAVE_NMI_WATCHDOG
381 The arch chooses to provide its own hardlockup detector, which is
382 a superset of the HAVE_NMI_WATCHDOG. It also conforms to config
383 interfaces and parameters provided by hardlockup detector subsystem.
385 config HAVE_PERF_REGS
388 Support selective register dumps for perf events. This includes
389 bit-mapping of each registers and a unique architecture id.
391 config HAVE_PERF_USER_STACK_DUMP
394 Support user stack dumps for perf event samples. This needs
395 access to the user stack pointer which is not unified across
398 config HAVE_ARCH_JUMP_LABEL
401 config HAVE_ARCH_JUMP_LABEL_RELATIVE
404 config MMU_GATHER_TABLE_FREE
407 config MMU_GATHER_RCU_TABLE_FREE
409 select MMU_GATHER_TABLE_FREE
411 config MMU_GATHER_PAGE_SIZE
414 config MMU_GATHER_NO_RANGE
417 config MMU_GATHER_NO_GATHER
419 depends on MMU_GATHER_TABLE_FREE
421 config ARCH_WANT_IRQS_OFF_ACTIVATE_MM
424 Temporary select until all architectures can be converted to have
425 irqs disabled over activate_mm. Architectures that do IPI based TLB
426 shootdowns should enable this.
428 config ARCH_HAVE_NMI_SAFE_CMPXCHG
431 config HAVE_ALIGNED_STRUCT_PAGE
434 This makes sure that struct pages are double word aligned and that
435 e.g. the SLUB allocator can perform double word atomic operations
436 on a struct page for better performance. However selecting this
437 might increase the size of a struct page by a word.
439 config HAVE_CMPXCHG_LOCAL
442 config HAVE_CMPXCHG_DOUBLE
445 config ARCH_WEAK_RELEASE_ACQUIRE
448 config ARCH_WANT_IPC_PARSE_VERSION
451 config ARCH_WANT_COMPAT_IPC_PARSE_VERSION
454 config ARCH_WANT_OLD_COMPAT_IPC
455 select ARCH_WANT_COMPAT_IPC_PARSE_VERSION
458 config HAVE_ARCH_SECCOMP
461 An arch should select this symbol to support seccomp mode 1 (the fixed
462 syscall policy), and must provide an overrides for __NR_seccomp_sigreturn,
463 and compat syscalls if the asm-generic/seccomp.h defaults need adjustment:
464 - __NR_seccomp_read_32
465 - __NR_seccomp_write_32
466 - __NR_seccomp_exit_32
467 - __NR_seccomp_sigreturn_32
469 config HAVE_ARCH_SECCOMP_FILTER
471 select HAVE_ARCH_SECCOMP
473 An arch should select this symbol if it provides all of these things:
474 - all the requirements for HAVE_ARCH_SECCOMP
476 - syscall_get_arguments()
478 - syscall_set_return_value()
479 - SIGSYS siginfo_t support
480 - secure_computing is called from a ptrace_event()-safe context
481 - secure_computing return value is checked and a return value of -1
482 results in the system call being skipped immediately.
483 - seccomp syscall wired up
484 - if !HAVE_SPARSE_SYSCALL_NR, have SECCOMP_ARCH_NATIVE,
485 SECCOMP_ARCH_NATIVE_NR, SECCOMP_ARCH_NATIVE_NAME defined. If
486 COMPAT is supported, have the SECCOMP_ARCH_COMPAT* defines too.
489 prompt "Enable seccomp to safely execute untrusted bytecode"
491 depends on HAVE_ARCH_SECCOMP
493 This kernel feature is useful for number crunching applications
494 that may need to handle untrusted bytecode during their
495 execution. By using pipes or other transports made available
496 to the process as file descriptors supporting the read/write
497 syscalls, it's possible to isolate those applications in their
498 own address space using seccomp. Once seccomp is enabled via
499 prctl(PR_SET_SECCOMP) or the seccomp() syscall, it cannot be
500 disabled and the task is only allowed to execute a few safe
501 syscalls defined by each seccomp mode.
505 config SECCOMP_FILTER
507 depends on HAVE_ARCH_SECCOMP_FILTER && SECCOMP && NET
509 Enable tasks to build secure computing environments defined
510 in terms of Berkeley Packet Filter programs which implement
511 task-defined system call filtering polices.
513 See Documentation/userspace-api/seccomp_filter.rst for details.
515 config SECCOMP_CACHE_DEBUG
516 bool "Show seccomp filter cache status in /proc/pid/seccomp_cache"
517 depends on SECCOMP_FILTER && !HAVE_SPARSE_SYSCALL_NR
520 This enables the /proc/pid/seccomp_cache interface to monitor
521 seccomp cache data. The file format is subject to change. Reading
522 the file requires CAP_SYS_ADMIN.
524 This option is for debugging only. Enabling presents the risk that
525 an adversary may be able to infer the seccomp filter logic.
529 config HAVE_ARCH_STACKLEAK
532 An architecture should select this if it has the code which
533 fills the used part of the kernel stack with the STACKLEAK_POISON
534 value before returning from system calls.
536 config HAVE_STACKPROTECTOR
539 An arch should select this symbol if:
540 - it has implemented a stack canary (e.g. __stack_chk_guard)
542 config STACKPROTECTOR
543 bool "Stack Protector buffer overflow detection"
544 depends on HAVE_STACKPROTECTOR
545 depends on $(cc-option,-fstack-protector)
548 This option turns on the "stack-protector" GCC feature. This
549 feature puts, at the beginning of functions, a canary value on
550 the stack just before the return address, and validates
551 the value just before actually returning. Stack based buffer
552 overflows (that need to overwrite this return address) now also
553 overwrite the canary, which gets detected and the attack is then
554 neutralized via a kernel panic.
556 Functions will have the stack-protector canary logic added if they
557 have an 8-byte or larger character array on the stack.
559 This feature requires gcc version 4.2 or above, or a distribution
560 gcc with the feature backported ("-fstack-protector").
562 On an x86 "defconfig" build, this feature adds canary checks to
563 about 3% of all kernel functions, which increases kernel code size
566 config STACKPROTECTOR_STRONG
567 bool "Strong Stack Protector"
568 depends on STACKPROTECTOR
569 depends on $(cc-option,-fstack-protector-strong)
572 Functions will have the stack-protector canary logic added in any
573 of the following conditions:
575 - local variable's address used as part of the right hand side of an
576 assignment or function argument
577 - local variable is an array (or union containing an array),
578 regardless of array type or length
579 - uses register local variables
581 This feature requires gcc version 4.9 or above, or a distribution
582 gcc with the feature backported ("-fstack-protector-strong").
584 On an x86 "defconfig" build, this feature adds canary checks to
585 about 20% of all kernel functions, which increases the kernel code
588 config ARCH_SUPPORTS_SHADOW_CALL_STACK
591 An architecture should select this if it supports Clang's Shadow
592 Call Stack and implements runtime support for shadow stack
595 config SHADOW_CALL_STACK
596 bool "Clang Shadow Call Stack"
597 depends on CC_IS_CLANG && ARCH_SUPPORTS_SHADOW_CALL_STACK
598 depends on DYNAMIC_FTRACE_WITH_REGS || !FUNCTION_GRAPH_TRACER
600 This option enables Clang's Shadow Call Stack, which uses a
601 shadow stack to protect function return addresses from being
602 overwritten by an attacker. More information can be found in
603 Clang's documentation:
605 https://clang.llvm.org/docs/ShadowCallStack.html
607 Note that security guarantees in the kernel differ from the
608 ones documented for user space. The kernel must store addresses
609 of shadow stacks in memory, which means an attacker capable of
610 reading and writing arbitrary memory may be able to locate them
611 and hijack control flow by modifying the stacks.
616 Selected if the kernel will be built using the compiler's LTO feature.
622 Selected if the kernel will be built using Clang's LTO feature.
624 config ARCH_SUPPORTS_LTO_CLANG
627 An architecture should select this option if it supports:
628 - compiling with Clang,
629 - compiling inline assembly with Clang's integrated assembler,
630 - and linking with LLD.
632 config ARCH_SUPPORTS_LTO_CLANG_THIN
635 An architecture should select this option if it can support Clang's
640 # Clang >= 11: https://github.com/ClangBuiltLinux/linux/issues/510
641 depends on CC_IS_CLANG && CLANG_VERSION >= 110000 && LD_IS_LLD && AS_IS_LLVM
642 depends on $(success,$(NM) --help | head -n 1 | grep -qi llvm)
643 depends on $(success,$(AR) --help | head -n 1 | grep -qi llvm)
644 depends on ARCH_SUPPORTS_LTO_CLANG
645 depends on !FTRACE_MCOUNT_USE_RECORDMCOUNT
646 depends on !KASAN || KASAN_HW_TAGS
647 depends on !GCOV_KERNEL
649 The compiler and Kconfig options support building with Clang's
653 prompt "Link Time Optimization (LTO)"
656 This option enables Link Time Optimization (LTO), which allows the
657 compiler to optimize binaries globally.
659 If unsure, select LTO_NONE. Note that LTO is very resource-intensive
660 so it's disabled by default.
665 Build the kernel normally, without Link Time Optimization (LTO).
667 config LTO_CLANG_FULL
668 bool "Clang Full LTO (EXPERIMENTAL)"
669 depends on HAS_LTO_CLANG
670 depends on !COMPILE_TEST
673 This option enables Clang's full Link Time Optimization (LTO), which
674 allows the compiler to optimize the kernel globally. If you enable
675 this option, the compiler generates LLVM bitcode instead of ELF
676 object files, and the actual compilation from bitcode happens at
677 the LTO link step, which may take several minutes depending on the
678 kernel configuration. More information can be found from LLVM's
681 https://llvm.org/docs/LinkTimeOptimization.html
683 During link time, this option can use a large amount of RAM, and
684 may take much longer than the ThinLTO option.
686 config LTO_CLANG_THIN
687 bool "Clang ThinLTO (EXPERIMENTAL)"
688 depends on HAS_LTO_CLANG && ARCH_SUPPORTS_LTO_CLANG_THIN
691 This option enables Clang's ThinLTO, which allows for parallel
692 optimization and faster incremental compiles compared to the
693 CONFIG_LTO_CLANG_FULL option. More information can be found
694 from Clang's documentation:
696 https://clang.llvm.org/docs/ThinLTO.html
701 config ARCH_SUPPORTS_CFI_CLANG
704 An architecture should select this option if it can support Clang's
705 Control-Flow Integrity (CFI) checking.
708 bool "Use Clang's Control Flow Integrity (CFI)"
709 depends on LTO_CLANG && ARCH_SUPPORTS_CFI_CLANG
711 # - https://bugs.llvm.org/show_bug.cgi?id=46258
712 # - https://bugs.llvm.org/show_bug.cgi?id=47479
713 depends on CLANG_VERSION >= 120000
716 This option enables Clang’s forward-edge Control Flow Integrity
717 (CFI) checking, where the compiler injects a runtime check to each
718 indirect function call to ensure the target is a valid function with
719 the correct static type. This restricts possible call targets and
720 makes it more difficult for an attacker to exploit bugs that allow
721 the modification of stored function pointers. More information can be
722 found from Clang's documentation:
724 https://clang.llvm.org/docs/ControlFlowIntegrity.html
726 config CFI_CLANG_SHADOW
727 bool "Use CFI shadow to speed up cross-module checks"
729 depends on CFI_CLANG && MODULES
731 If you select this option, the kernel builds a fast look-up table of
732 CFI check functions in loaded modules to reduce performance overhead.
736 config CFI_PERMISSIVE
737 bool "Use CFI in permissive mode"
740 When selected, Control Flow Integrity (CFI) violations result in a
741 warning instead of a kernel panic. This option should only be used
742 for finding indirect call type mismatches during development.
746 config HAVE_ARCH_WITHIN_STACK_FRAMES
749 An architecture should select this if it can walk the kernel stack
750 frames to determine if an object is part of either the arguments
751 or local variables (i.e. that it excludes saved return addresses,
752 and similar) by implementing an inline arch_within_stack_frames(),
753 which is used by CONFIG_HARDENED_USERCOPY.
755 config HAVE_CONTEXT_TRACKING
758 Provide kernel/user boundaries probes necessary for subsystems
759 that need it, such as userspace RCU extended quiescent state.
760 Syscalls need to be wrapped inside user_exit()-user_enter(), either
761 optimized behind static key or through the slow path using TIF_NOHZ
762 flag. Exceptions handlers must be wrapped as well. Irqs are already
763 protected inside rcu_irq_enter/rcu_irq_exit() but preemption or signal
764 handling on irq exit still need to be protected.
766 config HAVE_CONTEXT_TRACKING_OFFSTACK
769 Architecture neither relies on exception_enter()/exception_exit()
770 nor on schedule_user(). Also preempt_schedule_notrace() and
771 preempt_schedule_irq() can't be called in a preemptible section
772 while context tracking is CONTEXT_USER. This feature reflects a sane
773 entry implementation where the following requirements are met on
774 critical entry code, ie: before user_exit() or after user_enter():
776 - Critical entry code isn't preemptible (or better yet:
778 - No use of RCU read side critical sections, unless rcu_nmi_enter()
780 - No use of instrumentation, unless instrumentation_begin() got
786 Arch relies on TIF_NOHZ and syscall slow path to implement context
787 tracking calls to user_enter()/user_exit().
789 config HAVE_VIRT_CPU_ACCOUNTING
792 config HAVE_VIRT_CPU_ACCOUNTING_IDLE
795 Architecture has its own way to account idle CPU time and therefore
796 doesn't implement vtime_account_idle().
798 config ARCH_HAS_SCALED_CPUTIME
801 config HAVE_VIRT_CPU_ACCOUNTING_GEN
805 With VIRT_CPU_ACCOUNTING_GEN, cputime_t becomes 64-bit.
806 Before enabling this option, arch code must be audited
807 to ensure there are no races in concurrent read/write of
808 cputime_t. For example, reading/writing 64-bit cputime_t on
809 some 32-bit arches may require multiple accesses, so proper
810 locking is needed to protect against concurrent accesses.
812 config HAVE_IRQ_TIME_ACCOUNTING
815 Archs need to ensure they use a high enough resolution clock to
816 support irq time accounting and then call enable_sched_clock_irqtime().
821 Architectures that select this are able to move page tables at the
822 PUD level. If there are only 3 page table levels, the move effectively
823 happens at the PGD level.
828 Archs that select this are able to move page tables at the PMD level.
830 config HAVE_ARCH_TRANSPARENT_HUGEPAGE
833 config HAVE_ARCH_TRANSPARENT_HUGEPAGE_PUD
836 config HAVE_ARCH_HUGE_VMAP
840 # Archs that select this would be capable of PMD-sized vmaps (i.e.,
841 # arch_vmap_pmd_supported() returns true), and they must make no assumptions
842 # that vmalloc memory is mapped with PAGE_SIZE ptes. The VM_NO_HUGE_VMAP flag
843 # can be used to prohibit arch-specific allocations from using hugepages to
844 # help with this (e.g., modules may require it).
846 config HAVE_ARCH_HUGE_VMALLOC
847 depends on HAVE_ARCH_HUGE_VMAP
850 config ARCH_WANT_HUGE_PMD_SHARE
853 config HAVE_ARCH_SOFT_DIRTY
856 config HAVE_MOD_ARCH_SPECIFIC
859 The arch uses struct mod_arch_specific to store data. Many arches
860 just need a simple module loader without arch specific data - those
861 should not enable this.
863 config MODULES_USE_ELF_RELA
866 Modules only use ELF RELA relocations. Modules with ELF REL
867 relocations will give an error.
869 config MODULES_USE_ELF_REL
872 Modules only use ELF REL relocations. Modules with ELF RELA
873 relocations will give an error.
875 config HAVE_IRQ_EXIT_ON_IRQ_STACK
878 Architecture doesn't only execute the irq handler on the irq stack
879 but also irq_exit(). This way we can process softirqs on this irq
880 stack instead of switching to a new one when we call __do_softirq()
881 in the end of an hardirq.
882 This spares a stack switch and improves cache usage on softirq
885 config HAVE_SOFTIRQ_ON_OWN_STACK
888 Architecture provides a function to run __do_softirq() on a
891 config PGTABLE_LEVELS
895 config ARCH_HAS_ELF_RANDOMIZE
898 An architecture supports choosing randomized locations for
899 stack, mmap, brk, and ET_DYN. Defined functions:
901 - arch_randomize_brk()
903 config HAVE_ARCH_MMAP_RND_BITS
906 An arch should select this symbol if it supports setting a variable
907 number of bits for use in establishing the base address for mmap
908 allocations, has MMU enabled and provides values for both:
909 - ARCH_MMAP_RND_BITS_MIN
910 - ARCH_MMAP_RND_BITS_MAX
912 config HAVE_EXIT_THREAD
915 An architecture implements exit_thread.
917 config ARCH_MMAP_RND_BITS_MIN
920 config ARCH_MMAP_RND_BITS_MAX
923 config ARCH_MMAP_RND_BITS_DEFAULT
926 config ARCH_MMAP_RND_BITS
927 int "Number of bits to use for ASLR of mmap base address" if EXPERT
928 range ARCH_MMAP_RND_BITS_MIN ARCH_MMAP_RND_BITS_MAX
929 default ARCH_MMAP_RND_BITS_DEFAULT if ARCH_MMAP_RND_BITS_DEFAULT
930 default ARCH_MMAP_RND_BITS_MIN
931 depends on HAVE_ARCH_MMAP_RND_BITS
933 This value can be used to select the number of bits to use to
934 determine the random offset to the base address of vma regions
935 resulting from mmap allocations. This value will be bounded
936 by the architecture's minimum and maximum supported values.
938 This value can be changed after boot using the
939 /proc/sys/vm/mmap_rnd_bits tunable
941 config HAVE_ARCH_MMAP_RND_COMPAT_BITS
944 An arch should select this symbol if it supports running applications
945 in compatibility mode, supports setting a variable number of bits for
946 use in establishing the base address for mmap allocations, has MMU
947 enabled and provides values for both:
948 - ARCH_MMAP_RND_COMPAT_BITS_MIN
949 - ARCH_MMAP_RND_COMPAT_BITS_MAX
951 config ARCH_MMAP_RND_COMPAT_BITS_MIN
954 config ARCH_MMAP_RND_COMPAT_BITS_MAX
957 config ARCH_MMAP_RND_COMPAT_BITS_DEFAULT
960 config ARCH_MMAP_RND_COMPAT_BITS
961 int "Number of bits to use for ASLR of mmap base address for compatible applications" if EXPERT
962 range ARCH_MMAP_RND_COMPAT_BITS_MIN ARCH_MMAP_RND_COMPAT_BITS_MAX
963 default ARCH_MMAP_RND_COMPAT_BITS_DEFAULT if ARCH_MMAP_RND_COMPAT_BITS_DEFAULT
964 default ARCH_MMAP_RND_COMPAT_BITS_MIN
965 depends on HAVE_ARCH_MMAP_RND_COMPAT_BITS
967 This value can be used to select the number of bits to use to
968 determine the random offset to the base address of vma regions
969 resulting from mmap allocations for compatible applications This
970 value will be bounded by the architecture's minimum and maximum
973 This value can be changed after boot using the
974 /proc/sys/vm/mmap_rnd_compat_bits tunable
976 config HAVE_ARCH_COMPAT_MMAP_BASES
979 This allows 64bit applications to invoke 32-bit mmap() syscall
980 and vice-versa 32-bit applications to call 64-bit mmap().
981 Required for applications doing different bitness syscalls.
983 # This allows to use a set of generic functions to determine mmap base
984 # address by giving priority to top-down scheme only if the process
985 # is not in legacy mode (compat task, unlimited stack size or
986 # sysctl_legacy_va_layout).
987 # Architecture that selects this option can provide its own version of:
989 config ARCH_WANT_DEFAULT_TOPDOWN_MMAP_LAYOUT
992 select ARCH_HAS_ELF_RANDOMIZE
994 config HAVE_STACK_VALIDATION
997 Architecture supports the 'objtool check' host tool command, which
998 performs compile-time stack metadata validation.
1000 config HAVE_RELIABLE_STACKTRACE
1003 Architecture has either save_stack_trace_tsk_reliable() or
1004 arch_stack_walk_reliable() function which only returns a stack trace
1005 if it can guarantee the trace is reliable.
1007 config HAVE_ARCH_HASH
1011 If this is set, the architecture provides an <asm/hash.h>
1012 file which provides platform-specific implementations of some
1013 functions in <linux/hash.h> or fs/namei.c.
1015 config HAVE_ARCH_NVRAM_OPS
1024 config CLONE_BACKWARDS
1027 Architecture has tls passed as the 4th argument of clone(2),
1030 config CLONE_BACKWARDS2
1033 Architecture has the first two arguments of clone(2) swapped.
1035 config CLONE_BACKWARDS3
1038 Architecture has tls passed as the 3rd argument of clone(2),
1041 config ODD_RT_SIGACTION
1044 Architecture has unusual rt_sigaction(2) arguments
1046 config OLD_SIGSUSPEND
1049 Architecture has old sigsuspend(2) syscall, of one-argument variety
1051 config OLD_SIGSUSPEND3
1054 Even weirder antique ABI - three-argument sigsuspend(2)
1056 config OLD_SIGACTION
1059 Architecture has old sigaction(2) syscall. Nope, not the same
1060 as OLD_SIGSUSPEND | OLD_SIGSUSPEND3 - alpha has sigsuspend(2),
1061 but fairly different variant of sigaction(2), thanks to OSF/1
1064 config COMPAT_OLD_SIGACTION
1067 config COMPAT_32BIT_TIME
1068 bool "Provide system calls for 32-bit time_t"
1069 default !64BIT || COMPAT
1071 This enables 32 bit time_t support in addition to 64 bit time_t support.
1072 This is relevant on all 32-bit architectures, and 64-bit architectures
1073 as part of compat syscall handling.
1075 config ARCH_NO_PREEMPT
1078 config ARCH_EPHEMERAL_INODES
1081 An arch should select this symbol if it doesn't keep track of inode
1082 instances on its own, but instead relies on something else (e.g. the
1083 host kernel for an UML kernel).
1085 config ARCH_SUPPORTS_RT
1088 config CPU_NO_EFFICIENT_FFS
1091 config HAVE_ARCH_VMAP_STACK
1094 An arch should select this symbol if it can support kernel stacks
1095 in vmalloc space. This means:
1097 - vmalloc space must be large enough to hold many kernel stacks.
1098 This may rule out many 32-bit architectures.
1100 - Stacks in vmalloc space need to work reliably. For example, if
1101 vmap page tables are created on demand, either this mechanism
1102 needs to work while the stack points to a virtual address with
1103 unpopulated page tables or arch code (switch_to() and switch_mm(),
1104 most likely) needs to ensure that the stack's page table entries
1105 are populated before running on a possibly unpopulated stack.
1107 - If the stack overflows into a guard page, something reasonable
1108 should happen. The definition of "reasonable" is flexible, but
1109 instantly rebooting without logging anything would be unfriendly.
1113 bool "Use a virtually-mapped stack"
1114 depends on HAVE_ARCH_VMAP_STACK
1115 depends on !KASAN || KASAN_HW_TAGS || KASAN_VMALLOC
1117 Enable this if you want the use virtually-mapped kernel stacks
1118 with guard pages. This causes kernel stack overflows to be
1119 caught immediately rather than causing difficult-to-diagnose
1122 To use this with software KASAN modes, the architecture must support
1123 backing virtual mappings with real shadow memory, and KASAN_VMALLOC
1126 config HAVE_ARCH_RANDOMIZE_KSTACK_OFFSET
1129 An arch should select this symbol if it can support kernel stack
1130 offset randomization with calls to add_random_kstack_offset()
1131 during syscall entry and choose_random_kstack_offset() during
1132 syscall exit. Careful removal of -fstack-protector-strong and
1133 -fstack-protector should also be applied to the entry code and
1134 closely examined, as the artificial stack bump looks like an array
1135 to the compiler, so it will attempt to add canary checks regardless
1136 of the static branch state.
1138 config RANDOMIZE_KSTACK_OFFSET_DEFAULT
1139 bool "Randomize kernel stack offset on syscall entry"
1140 depends on HAVE_ARCH_RANDOMIZE_KSTACK_OFFSET
1142 The kernel stack offset can be randomized (after pt_regs) by
1143 roughly 5 bits of entropy, frustrating memory corruption
1144 attacks that depend on stack address determinism or
1145 cross-syscall address exposures. This feature is controlled
1146 by kernel boot param "randomize_kstack_offset=on/off", and this
1147 config chooses the default boot state.
1149 config ARCH_OPTIONAL_KERNEL_RWX
1152 config ARCH_OPTIONAL_KERNEL_RWX_DEFAULT
1155 config ARCH_HAS_STRICT_KERNEL_RWX
1158 config STRICT_KERNEL_RWX
1159 bool "Make kernel text and rodata read-only" if ARCH_OPTIONAL_KERNEL_RWX
1160 depends on ARCH_HAS_STRICT_KERNEL_RWX
1161 default !ARCH_OPTIONAL_KERNEL_RWX || ARCH_OPTIONAL_KERNEL_RWX_DEFAULT
1163 If this is set, kernel text and rodata memory will be made read-only,
1164 and non-text memory will be made non-executable. This provides
1165 protection against certain security exploits (e.g. executing the heap
1168 These features are considered standard security practice these days.
1169 You should say Y here in almost all cases.
1171 config ARCH_HAS_STRICT_MODULE_RWX
1174 config STRICT_MODULE_RWX
1175 bool "Set loadable kernel module data as NX and text as RO" if ARCH_OPTIONAL_KERNEL_RWX
1176 depends on ARCH_HAS_STRICT_MODULE_RWX && MODULES
1177 default !ARCH_OPTIONAL_KERNEL_RWX || ARCH_OPTIONAL_KERNEL_RWX_DEFAULT
1179 If this is set, module text and rodata memory will be made read-only,
1180 and non-text memory will be made non-executable. This provides
1181 protection against certain security exploits (e.g. writing to text)
1183 # select if the architecture provides an asm/dma-direct.h header
1184 config ARCH_HAS_PHYS_TO_DMA
1187 config HAVE_ARCH_COMPILER_H
1190 An architecture can select this if it provides an
1191 asm/compiler.h header that should be included after
1192 linux/compiler-*.h in order to override macro definitions that those
1193 headers generally provide.
1195 config HAVE_ARCH_PREL32_RELOCATIONS
1198 May be selected by an architecture if it supports place-relative
1199 32-bit relocations, both in the toolchain and in the module loader,
1200 in which case relative references can be used in special sections
1201 for PCI fixup, initcalls etc which are only half the size on 64 bit
1202 architectures, and don't require runtime relocation on relocatable
1205 config ARCH_USE_MEMREMAP_PROT
1208 config LOCK_EVENT_COUNTS
1209 bool "Locking event counts collection"
1212 Enable light-weight counting of various locking related events
1213 in the system with minimal performance impact. This reduces
1214 the chance of application behavior change because of timing
1215 differences. The counts are reported via debugfs.
1217 # Select if the architecture has support for applying RELR relocations.
1218 config ARCH_HAS_RELR
1222 bool "Use RELR relocation packing"
1223 depends on ARCH_HAS_RELR && TOOLS_SUPPORT_RELR
1226 Store the kernel's dynamic relocations in the RELR relocation packing
1227 format. Requires a compatible linker (LLD supports this feature), as
1228 well as compatible NM and OBJCOPY utilities (llvm-nm and llvm-objcopy
1231 config ARCH_HAS_MEM_ENCRYPT
1234 config HAVE_SPARSE_SYSCALL_NR
1237 An architecture should select this if its syscall numbering is sparse
1238 to save space. For example, MIPS architecture has a syscall array with
1239 entries at 4000, 5000 and 6000 locations. This option turns on syscall
1240 related optimizations for a given architecture.
1242 config ARCH_HAS_VDSO_DATA
1245 config HAVE_STATIC_CALL
1248 config HAVE_STATIC_CALL_INLINE
1250 depends on HAVE_STATIC_CALL
1252 config HAVE_PREEMPT_DYNAMIC
1254 depends on HAVE_STATIC_CALL
1255 depends on GENERIC_ENTRY
1257 Select this if the architecture support boot time preempt setting
1258 on top of static calls. It is strongly advised to support inline
1259 static call to avoid any overhead.
1261 config ARCH_WANT_LD_ORPHAN_WARN
1264 An arch should select this symbol once all linker sections are explicitly
1265 included, size-asserted, or discarded in the linker scripts. This is
1266 important because we never want expected sections to be placed heuristically
1267 by the linker, since the locations of such sections can change between linker
1270 config HAVE_ARCH_PFN_VALID
1273 config ARCH_SUPPORTS_DEBUG_PAGEALLOC
1276 config ARCH_SPLIT_ARG64
1279 If a 32-bit architecture requires 64-bit arguments to be split into
1280 pairs of 32-bit arguments, select this option.
1282 config ARCH_HAS_ELFCORE_COMPAT
1285 source "kernel/gcov/Kconfig"
1287 source "scripts/gcc-plugins/Kconfig"