1 Also see the Khronos landing page for glslang as a reference front end:
3 https://www.khronos.org/opengles/sdk/tools/Reference-Compiler/
5 The above page includes where to get binaries, and is kept up to date
6 regarding the feature level of glslang.
11 [![Build Status](https://travis-ci.org/KhronosGroup/glslang.svg?branch=master)](https://travis-ci.org/KhronosGroup/glslang)
12 [![Build status](https://ci.appveyor.com/api/projects/status/q6fi9cb0qnhkla68/branch/master?svg=true)](https://ci.appveyor.com/project/Khronoswebmaster/glslang/branch/master)
14 An OpenGL and OpenGL ES shader front end and validator.
16 There are several components:
18 1. A GLSL/ESSL front-end for reference validation and translation of GLSL/ESSL into an AST.
20 2. An HLSL front-end for translation of a broad generic HLL into the AST. See [issue 362](https://github.com/KhronosGroup/glslang/issues/362) and [issue 701](https://github.com/KhronosGroup/glslang/issues/701) for current status.
22 3. A SPIR-V back end for translating the AST to SPIR-V.
24 4. A standalone wrapper, `glslangValidator`, that can be used as a command-line tool for the above.
26 How to add a feature protected by a version/extension/stage/profile: See the
27 comment in `glslang/MachineIndependent/Versions.cpp`.
29 Tasks waiting to be done are documented as GitHub issues.
31 Execution of Standalone Wrapper
32 -------------------------------
34 To use the standalone binary form, execute `glslangValidator`, and it will print
35 a usage statement. Basic operation is to give it a file containing a shader,
36 and it will print out warnings/errors and optionally an AST.
38 The applied stage-specific rules are based on the file extension:
39 * `.vert` for a vertex shader
40 * `.tesc` for a tessellation control shader
41 * `.tese` for a tessellation evaluation shader
42 * `.geom` for a geometry shader
43 * `.frag` for a fragment shader
44 * `.comp` for a compute shader
46 There is also a non-shader extension
47 * `.conf` for a configuration file of limits, see usage statement for example
52 Instead of building manually, you can also download the binaries for your
53 platform directly from the [master-tot release][master-tot-release] on GitHub.
54 Those binaries are automatically uploaded by the buildbots after successful
55 testing and they always reflect the current top of the tree of the master
61 (For MSVS: 2015 is recommended, 2013 is fully supported/tested, and 2010 support is attempted, but not tested.)
62 * [CMake][cmake]: for generating compilation targets.
63 * make: _Linux_, ninja is an alternative, if configured.
64 * [Python 3.x][python]: for executing SPIRV-Tools scripts. (Optional if not using SPIRV-Tools and the 'External' subdirectory does not exist.)
65 * [bison][bison]: _optional_, but needed when changing the grammar (glslang.y).
66 * [googletest][googletest]: _optional_, but should use if making any changes to glslang.
70 The following steps assume a Bash shell. On Windows, that could be the Git Bash
71 shell or some other shell of your choosing.
73 #### 1) Check-Out this project
76 cd <parent of where you want glslang to be>
77 git clone https://github.com/KhronosGroup/glslang.git
80 #### 2) Check-Out External Projects
83 cd <the directory glslang was cloned to, "External" will be a subdirectory>
84 git clone https://github.com/google/googletest.git External/googletest
87 If you want to use googletest with Visual Studio 2013, you also need to check out an older version:
90 # to use googletest with Visual Studio 2013
91 cd External/googletest
92 git checkout 440527a61e1c91188195f7de212c63c77e8f0a45
96 If you wish to assure that SPIR-V generated from HLSL is legal for Vulkan,
97 or wish to invoke -Os to reduce SPIR-V size from HLSL or GLSL, install
98 spirv-tools with this:
101 ./update_glslang_sources.py
106 Assume the source directory is `$SOURCE_DIR` and the build directory is
107 `$BUILD_DIR`. First ensure the build directory exists, then navigate to it:
114 For building on Linux:
117 cmake -DCMAKE_BUILD_TYPE=Release -DCMAKE_INSTALL_PREFIX="$(pwd)/install" $SOURCE_DIR
118 # "Release" (for CMAKE_BUILD_TYPE) could also be "Debug" or "RelWithDebInfo"
121 For building on Windows:
124 cmake $SOURCE_DIR -DCMAKE_INSTALL_PREFIX="$(pwd)/install"
125 # The CMAKE_INSTALL_PREFIX part is for testing (explained later).
128 The CMake GUI also works for Windows (version 3.4.1 tested).
130 Also, consider using `git config --global core.fileMode false` (or with `--local`) on Windows
131 to prevent the addition of execution permission on files.
133 #### 4) Build and Install
140 cmake --build . --config Release --target install
141 # "Release" (for --config) could also be "Debug", "MinSizeRel", or "RelWithDebInfo"
144 If using MSVC, after running CMake to configure, use the
145 Configuration Manager to check the `INSTALL` project.
147 ### If you need to change the GLSL grammar
149 The grammar in `glslang/MachineIndependent/glslang.y` has to be recompiled with
150 bison if it changes, the output files are committed to the repo to avoid every
151 developer needing to have bison configured to compile the project when grammar
152 changes are quite infrequent. For windows you can get binaries from
153 [GnuWin32][bison-gnu-win32].
155 The command to rebuild is:
158 bison --defines=MachineIndependent/glslang_tab.cpp.h
159 -t MachineIndependent/glslang.y
160 -o MachineIndependent/glslang_tab.cpp
163 The above command is also available in the bash script at
164 `glslang/updateGrammar`.
169 Right now, there are two test harnesses existing in glslang: one is [Google
170 Test](gtests/), one is the [`runtests` script](Test/runtests). The former
171 runs unit tests and single-shader single-threaded integration tests, while
172 the latter runs multiple-shader linking tests and multi-threaded tests.
176 The [`runtests` script](Test/runtests) requires compiled binaries to be
177 installed into `$BUILD_DIR/install`. Please make sure you have supplied the
178 correct configuration to CMake (using `-DCMAKE_INSTALL_PREFIX`) when building;
179 otherwise, you may want to modify the path in the `runtests` script.
181 Running Google Test-backed tests:
190 ctest -C {Debug|Release|RelWithDebInfo|MinSizeRel}
192 # or, run the test binary directly
193 # (which gives more fine-grained control like filtering):
194 <dir-to-glslangtests-in-build-dir>/glslangtests
197 Running `runtests` script-backed tests:
200 cd $SOURCE_DIR/Test && ./runtests
203 ### Contributing tests
205 Test results should always be included with a pull request that modifies
208 If you are writing unit tests, please use the Google Test framework and
209 place the tests under the `gtests/` directory.
211 Integration tests are placed in the `Test/` directory. It contains test input
212 and a subdirectory `baseResults/` that contains the expected results of the
213 tests. Both the tests and `baseResults/` are under source-code control.
215 Google Test runs those integration tests by reading the test input, compiling
216 them, and then compare against the expected results in `baseResults/`. The
217 integration tests to run via Google Test is registered in various
218 `gtests/*.FromFile.cpp` source files. `glslangtests` provides a command-line
219 option `--update-mode`, which, if supplied, will overwrite the golden files
220 under the `baseResults/` directory with real output from that invocation.
221 For more information, please check `gtests/` directory's
222 [README](gtests/README.md).
224 For the `runtests` script, it will generate current results in the
225 `localResults/` directory and `diff` them against the `baseResults/`.
226 When you want to update the tracked test results, they need to be
227 copied from `localResults/` to `baseResults/`. This can be done by
228 the `bump` shell script.
230 You can add your own private list of tests, not tracked publicly, by using
231 `localtestlist` to list non-tracked tests. This is automatically read
232 by `runtests` and included in the `diff` and `bump` process.
234 Programmatic Interfaces
235 -----------------------
237 Another piece of software can programmatically translate shaders to an AST
238 using one of two different interfaces:
239 * A new C++ class-oriented interface, or
240 * The original C functional interface
242 The `main()` in `StandAlone/StandAlone.cpp` shows examples using both styles.
244 ### C++ Class Interface (new, preferred)
246 This interface is in roughly the last 1/3 of `ShaderLang.h`. It is in the
247 glslang namespace and contains the following.
250 const char* GetEsslVersionString();
251 const char* GetGlslVersionString();
252 bool InitializeProcess();
253 void FinalizeProcess();
257 setEnvInput(EShSourceHlsl or EShSourceGlsl, stage, EShClientVulkan or EShClientOpenGL, 100);
258 setEnvClient(EShClientVulkan or EShClientOpenGL, EShTargetVulkan_1_0 or EShTargetVulkan_1_1 or EShTargetOpenGL_450);
259 setEnvTarget(EShTargetSpv, EShTargetSpv_1_0 or EShTargetSpv_1_3);
261 const char* getInfoLog();
266 const char* getInfoLog();
270 See `ShaderLang.h` and the usage of it in `StandAlone/StandAlone.cpp` for more
273 ### C Functional Interface (orignal)
275 This interface is in roughly the first 2/3 of `ShaderLang.h`, and referred to
276 as the `Sh*()` interface, as all the entry points start `Sh`.
278 The `Sh*()` interface takes a "compiler" call-back object, which it calls after
279 building call back that is passed the AST and can then execute a backend on it.
281 The following is a simplified resulting run-time call stack:
284 ShCompile(shader, compiler) -> compiler(AST) -> <back end>
287 In practice, `ShCompile()` takes shader strings, default version, and
288 warning/error and other options for controlling compilation.
290 Basic Internal Operation
291 ------------------------
293 * Initial lexical analysis is done by the preprocessor in
294 `MachineIndependent/Preprocessor`, and then refined by a GLSL scanner
295 in `MachineIndependent/Scan.cpp`. There is currently no use of flex.
297 * Code is parsed using bison on `MachineIndependent/glslang.y` with the
298 aid of a symbol table and an AST. The symbol table is not passed on to
299 the back-end; the intermediate representation stands on its own.
300 The tree is built by the grammar productions, many of which are
301 offloaded into `ParseHelper.cpp`, and by `Intermediate.cpp`.
303 * The intermediate representation is very high-level, and represented
304 as an in-memory tree. This serves to lose no information from the
305 original program, and to have efficient transfer of the result from
306 parsing to the back-end. In the AST, constants are propogated and
307 folded, and a very small amount of dead code is eliminated.
309 To aid linking and reflection, the last top-level branch in the AST
310 lists all global symbols.
312 * The primary algorithm of the back-end compiler is to traverse the
313 tree (high-level intermediate representation), and create an internal
314 object code representation. There is an example of how to do this
315 in `MachineIndependent/intermOut.cpp`.
317 * Reduction of the tree to a linear byte-code style low-level intermediate
318 representation is likely a good way to generate fully optimized code.
320 * There is currently some dead old-style linker-type code still lying around.
322 * Memory pool: parsing uses types derived from C++ `std` types, using a
323 custom allocator that puts them in a memory pool. This makes allocation
324 of individual container/contents just few cycles and deallocation free.
325 This pool is popped after the AST is made and processed.
327 The use is simple: if you are going to call `new`, there are three cases:
329 - the object comes from the pool (its base class has the macro
330 `POOL_ALLOCATOR_NEW_DELETE` in it) and you do not have to call `delete`
332 - it is a `TString`, in which case call `NewPoolTString()`, which gets
333 it from the pool, and there is no corresponding `delete`
335 - the object does not come from the pool, and you have to do normal
336 C++ memory management of what you `new`
339 [cmake]: https://cmake.org/
340 [python]: https://www.python.org/
341 [bison]: https://www.gnu.org/software/bison/
342 [googletest]: https://github.com/google/googletest
343 [bison-gnu-win32]: http://gnuwin32.sourceforge.net/packages/bison.htm
344 [master-tot-release]: https://github.com/KhronosGroup/glslang/releases/tag/master-tot