1 systemd System and Service Manager
4 http://0pointer.de/blog/projects/systemd.html
7 http://www.freedesktop.org/wiki/Software/systemd
10 git@github.com:systemd/systemd.git
11 https://github.com/systemd/systemd.git
14 https://github.com/systemd/systemd
17 http://lists.freedesktop.org/mailman/listinfo/systemd-devel
18 http://lists.freedesktop.org/mailman/listinfo/systemd-commits
21 #systemd on irc.freenode.org
24 https://github.com/systemd/systemd/issues
32 LGPLv2.1+ for all code
33 - except src/basic/MurmurHash2.c which is Public Domain
34 - except src/basic/siphash24.c which is CC0 Public Domain
35 - except src/journal/lookup3.c which is Public Domain
36 - except src/udev/* which is (currently still) GPLv2, GPLv2+
40 Linux kernel >= 4.2 for unified cgroup hierarchy support
42 Kernel Config Options:
44 CONFIG_CGROUPS (it is OK to disable all controllers)
52 CONFIG_FHANDLE (libudev, mount and bind mount handling)
54 udev will fail to work with the legacy sysfs layout:
55 CONFIG_SYSFS_DEPRECATED=n
57 Legacy hotplug slows down the system and confuses udev:
58 CONFIG_UEVENT_HELPER_PATH=""
60 Userspace firmware loading is not supported and should
61 be disabled in the kernel:
62 CONFIG_FW_LOADER_USER_HELPER=n
64 Some udev rules and virtualization detection relies on it:
67 Support for some SCSI devices serial number retrieval, to
68 create additional symlinks in /dev/disk/ and /dev/tape:
71 Required for PrivateNetwork and PrivateDevices in service units:
73 CONFIG_DEVPTS_MULTIPLE_INSTANCES
74 Note that systemd-localed.service and other systemd units use
75 PrivateNetwork and PrivateDevices so this is effectively required.
77 Optional but strongly recommended:
81 CONFIG_{TMPFS,EXT4,XFS,BTRFS_FS,...}_POSIX_ACL
83 CONFIG_CHECKPOINT_RESTORE (for the kcmp() syscall)
85 Required for CPUShares= in resource control unit settings
87 CONFIG_FAIR_GROUP_SCHED
89 Required for CPUQuota= in resource control unit settings
92 For systemd-bootchart, several proc debug interfaces are required:
100 We recommend to turn off Real-Time group scheduling in the
101 kernel when using systemd. RT group scheduling effectively
102 makes RT scheduling unavailable for most userspace, since it
103 requires explicit assignment of RT budgets to each unit whose
104 processes making use of RT. As there's no sensible way to
105 assign these budgets automatically this cannot really be
106 fixed, and it's best to disable group scheduling hence.
107 CONFIG_RT_GROUP_SCHED=n
109 Note that kernel auditing is broken when used with systemd's
110 container code. When using systemd in conjunction with
111 containers, please make sure to either turn off auditing at
112 runtime using the kernel command line option "audit=0", or
113 turn it off at kernel compile time using:
115 If systemd is compiled with libseccomp support on
116 architectures which do not use socketcall() and where seccomp
117 is supported (this effectively means x86-64 and ARM, but
118 excludes 32-bit x86!), then nspawn will now install a
119 work-around seccomp filter that makes containers boot even
120 with audit being enabled. This works correctly only on kernels
121 3.14 and newer though. TL;DR: turn audit off, still.
125 libmount >= 2.20 (from util-linux)
126 libseccomp >= 1.0.0 (optional)
127 libblkid >= 2.24 (from util-linux) (optional)
128 libkmod >= 15 (optional)
129 PAM >= 1.1.2 (optional)
130 libcryptsetup (optional)
133 libselinux (optional)
135 liblz4 >= 119 (optional)
137 libqrencode (optional)
138 libmicrohttpd (optional)
141 elfutils >= 158 (optional)
142 make, gcc, and similar tools
144 During runtime, you need the following additional
147 util-linux >= v2.26 required
148 dbus >= 1.4.0 (strictly speaking optional, but recommended)
152 When building from git, the following tools are needed:
163 python-lxml (optional, but required to build the indices)
166 The build system is initialized with ./autogen.sh. A tar ball
168 git archive --format=tar --prefix=systemd-222/ v222 | xz > systemd-222.tar.xz
170 When systemd-hostnamed is used, it is strongly recommended to
171 install nss-myhostname to ensure that, in a world of
172 dynamically changing hostnames, the hostname stays resolvable
173 under all circumstances. In fact, systemd-hostnamed will warn
174 if nss-myhostname is not installed.
176 To build HTML documentation for python-systemd using sphinx,
177 please first install systemd (using 'make install'), and then
178 invoke sphinx-build with 'make sphinx-<target>', with <target>
179 being 'html' or 'latexpdf'. If using DESTDIR for installation,
180 pass the same DESTDIR to 'make sphinx-html' invocation.
183 Default udev rules use the following standard system group
184 names, which need to be resolvable by getgrnam() at any time,
185 even in the very early boot stages, where no other databases
186 and network are available:
188 audio, cdrom, dialout, disk, input, kmem, lp, tape, tty, video
190 During runtime, the journal daemon requires the
191 "systemd-journal" system group to exist. New journal files will
192 be readable by this group (but not writable), which may be used
193 to grant specific users read access. In addition, system
194 groups "wheel" and "adm" will be given read-only access to
195 journal files using systemd-tmpfiles.service.
197 The journal gateway daemon requires the
198 "systemd-journal-gateway" system user and group to
199 exist. During execution this network facing service will drop
200 privileges and assume this uid/gid for security reasons.
202 Similarly, the NTP daemon requires the "systemd-timesync" system
203 user and group to exist.
205 Similarly, the network management daemon requires the
206 "systemd-network" system user and group to exist.
208 Similarly, the name resolution daemon requires the
209 "systemd-resolve" system user and group to exist.
211 Similarly, the kdbus dbus1 proxy daemon requires the
212 "systemd-bus-proxy" system user and group to exist.
215 systemd ships with three NSS modules:
217 nss-myhostname resolves the local hostname to locally
218 configured IP addresses, as well as "localhost" to
221 nss-resolve enables DNS resolution via the systemd-resolved
222 DNS/LLMNR caching stub resolver "systemd-resolved".
224 nss-mymachines enables resolution of all local containers
225 registered with machined to their respective IP addresses.
227 To make use of these NSS modules, please add them to the
228 "hosts: " line in /etc/nsswitch.conf. The "resolve" module
229 should replace the glibc "dns" module in this file.
231 The three modules should be used in the following order:
233 hosts: files mymachines resolve myhostname
236 When calling "systemctl enable/disable/is-enabled" on a unit which is a
237 SysV init.d script, it calls /usr/lib/systemd/systemd-sysv-install;
238 this needs to translate the action into the distribution specific
239 mechanism such as chkconfig or update-rc.d. Packagers need to provide
240 this script if you need this functionality (you don't if you disabled
243 Please see src/systemctl/systemd-sysv-install.SKELETON for how this
244 needs to look like, and provide an implementation at the marked places.
247 systemd will freeze execution during boot if /etc/mtab exists
248 but is not a symlink to /proc/mounts. Please ensure that
249 /etc/mtab is a proper symlink.
251 systemd will warn you during boot if /usr is on a different
252 file system than /. While in systemd itself very little will
253 break if /usr is on a separate partition, many of its
254 dependencies very likely will break sooner or later in one
255 form or another. For example, udev rules tend to refer to
256 binaries in /usr, binaries that link to libraries in /usr or
257 binaries that refer to data files in /usr. Since these
258 breakages are not always directly visible, systemd will warn
259 about this, since this kind of file system setup is not really
260 supported anymore by the basic set of Linux OS components.
262 systemd requires that the /run mount point exists. systemd also
263 requires that /var/run is a symlink to /run.
265 For more information on this issue consult
266 http://freedesktop.org/wiki/Software/systemd/separate-usr-is-broken
268 To run systemd under valgrind, compile with VALGRIND defined
269 (e.g. ./configure CPPFLAGS='... -DVALGRIND=1'). Otherwise,
270 false positives will be triggered by code which violates
271 some rules but is actually safe.
273 Currently, systemd-timesyncd defaults to use the Google NTP
274 servers if not specified otherwise at configure time. You
275 really should not ship an OS or device with this default
276 setting. See DISTRO_PORTING for details.