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2 libaec - Adaptive Entropy Coding library
3 **********************************************************************
5 Libaec provides fast lossless compression of 1 up to 32 bit wide
6 signed or unsigned integers (samples). The library achieves best
7 results for low entropy data as often encountered in space imaging
8 instrument data or numerical model output from weather or climate
9 simulations. While floating point representations are not directly
10 supported, they can also be efficiently coded by grouping exponents
13 Libaec implements Golomb Rice coding as defined in the Space Data
14 System Standard documents 121.0-B-2 [1] and 120.0-G-2[2].
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21 In doc/license.txt a clarification on potentially applying
22 intellectual property rights is given.
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29 See INSTALL for details.
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34 **********************************************************************
36 In this context efficiency refers to the size of the encoded
37 data. Performance refers to the time it takes to encode data.
39 Suppose you have an array of 32 bit signed integers you want to
40 compress. The pointer pointing to the data shall be called *source,
41 output goes into *dest.
46 struct aec_stream strm;
50 /* input data is 32 bits wide */
51 strm.bits_per_sample = 32;
53 /* define a block size of 16 */
56 /* the reference sample interval is set to 128 blocks */
59 /* input data is signed and needs to be preprocessed */
60 strm.flags = AEC_DATA_SIGNED | AEC_DATA_PREPROCESS;
62 /* pointer to input */
63 strm.next_in = (unsigned char *)source;
65 /* length of input in bytes */
66 strm.avail_in = source_length * sizeof(int32_t);
68 /* pointer to output buffer */
71 /* length of output buffer in bytes */
72 strm.avail_out = dest_length;
74 /* initialize encoding */
75 if (aec_encode_init(&strm) != AEC_OK)
78 /* Perform encoding in one call and flush output. */
79 /* In this example you must be sure that the output */
80 /* buffer is large enough for all compressed output */
81 if (aec_encode(&strm, AEC_FLUSH) != AEC_OK)
84 /* free all resources used by encoder */
85 aec_encode_end(&strm);
88 block_size can vary from 8 to 64 samples. Smaller blocks allow the
89 compression to adapt to rapid changes in entropy. Larger blocks create
90 less overhead but can be less efficient if entropy changes across the
93 rsi sets the reference sample interval. A large RSI will improve
94 performance and efficiency. It will also increase memory requirements
95 since internal buffering is based on RSI size. A smaller RSI may be
96 desirable in situations where each RSI will be packetized and possible
97 error propagation has to be minimized.
101 AEC_DATA_SIGNED: input data are signed integers. Specifying this
102 correctly increases compression efficiency. Default is unsigned.
104 AEC_DATA_PREPROCESS: preprocessing input will improve compression
105 efficiency if data samples are correlated. It will only cost
106 performance for no gain in efficiency if the data is already
109 AEC_DATA_MSB: input data is stored most significant byte first
110 i.e. big endian. You have to specify AEC_DATA_MSB even if your host
111 architecture is big endian. Default is little endian on all
114 AEC_DATA_3BYTE: the 24 bit input data is stored in three bytes.
116 AEC_RESTRICTED: use a restricted set of code options. This option is
117 only valid for bits_per_sample <= 4.
119 AEC_PAD_RSI: assume that the encoded RSI is padded to the next byte
120 boundary while decoding. The preprocessor macro ENABLE_RSI_PADDING
121 needs to be defined while compiling for the encoder to honour this
126 Except for the AEC_DATA_3BYTE case for 24 bit data, the following
127 rules apply for deducing storage size from sample size
130 sample size storage size
133 17 - 32 bits 4 bytes (also for 24bit if AEC_DATA_3BYTE is not set)
135 If a sample requires less bits than the storage size provides, then
136 you have to make sure that unused bits are not set. Libaec does not
137 check this for performance reasons and will produce undefined output
138 if unused bits are set. All input data must be a multiple of the
139 storage size in bytes. Remaining bytes which do not form a complete
140 sample will be ignored.
142 Libaec accesses next_in and next_out buffers only bytewise. There are
143 no alignment requirements for these buffers.
147 aec_encode can be used in a streaming fashion by chunking input and
148 output and specifying AEC_NO_FLUSH. The function will return if either
149 the input runs empty or the output buffer is full. The calling
150 function can check avail_in and avail_out to see what occcurred. The
151 last call to aec_encode() must set AEC_FLUSH to drain all
152 output. aec.c is an example of streaming usage of encoding and
157 Encoded data will be written to the buffer submitted with
158 next_out. The length of the compressed data is total_out.
160 See libaec.h for a detailed description of all relevant structure
161 members and constants.
164 **********************************************************************
166 **********************************************************************
168 Using decoding is very similar to encoding, only the meaning of input
169 and output is reversed.
174 struct aec_stream strm;
175 /* this is now the compressed data */
176 unsigned char *source;
177 /* here goes the uncompressed result */
180 strm.bits_per_sample = 32;
181 strm.block_size = 16;
183 strm.flags = AEC_DATA_SIGNED | AEC_DATA_PREPROCESS;
184 strm.next_in = source;
185 strm.avail_in = source_length;
186 strm.next_out = (unsigned char *)dest;
187 strm.avail_out = dest_lenth * sizeof(int32_t);
188 if (aec_decode_init(&strm) != AEC_OK)
190 if (aec_decode(&strm, AEC_FLUSH) != AEC_OK)
192 aec_decode_end(&strm);
195 It is essential for decoding that parameters like bits_per_sample,
196 block_size, rsi, and flags are exactly the same as they were for
197 encoding. Libaec does not store these parameters in the coded stream
198 so it is up to the calling program to keep the correct parameters
199 between encoding and decoding.
201 The actual values of coding parameters are in fact only relevant for
202 efficiency and performance. Data integrity only depends on consistency
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210 [1] Consultative Committee for Space Data Systems. Lossless Data
211 Compression. Recommendation for Space Data System Standards, CCSDS
212 121.0-B-2. Blue Book. Issue 2. Washington, D.C.: CCSDS, May 2012.
213 http://public.ccsds.org/publications/archive/121x0b2.pdf
215 [2] Consultative Committee for Space Data Systems. Lossless Data
216 Compression. Recommendation for Space Data System Standards, CCSDS
217 120.0-G-3. Green Book. Issue 3. Washington, D.C.: CCSDS, April
219 http://public.ccsds.org/publications/archive/120x0g3.pdf