2 # (C) Copyright 2000 - 2005
3 # Wolfgang Denk, DENX Software Engineering, wd@denx.de.
5 # See file CREDITS for list of people who contributed to this
8 # This program is free software; you can redistribute it and/or
9 # modify it under the terms of the GNU General Public License as
10 # published by the Free Software Foundation; either version 2 of
11 # the License, or (at your option) any later version.
13 # This program is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,
14 # but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
15 # MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE. See the
16 # GNU General Public License for more details.
18 # You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License
19 # along with this program; if not, write to the Free Software
20 # Foundation, Inc., 59 Temple Place, Suite 330, Boston,
27 This directory contains the source code for U-Boot, a boot loader for
28 Embedded boards based on PowerPC, ARM, MIPS and several other
29 processors, which can be installed in a boot ROM and used to
30 initialize and test the hardware or to download and run application
33 The development of U-Boot is closely related to Linux: some parts of
34 the source code originate in the Linux source tree, we have some
35 header files in common, and special provision has been made to
36 support booting of Linux images.
38 Some attention has been paid to make this software easily
39 configurable and extendable. For instance, all monitor commands are
40 implemented with the same call interface, so that it's very easy to
41 add new commands. Also, instead of permanently adding rarely used
42 code (for instance hardware test utilities) to the monitor, you can
43 load and run it dynamically.
49 In general, all boards for which a configuration option exists in the
50 Makefile have been tested to some extent and can be considered
51 "working". In fact, many of them are used in production systems.
53 In case of problems see the CHANGELOG and CREDITS files to find out
54 who contributed the specific port.
60 In case you have questions about, problems with or contributions for
61 U-Boot you should send a message to the U-Boot mailing list at
62 <u-boot-users@lists.sourceforge.net>. There is also an archive of
63 previous traffic on the mailing list - please search the archive
64 before asking FAQ's. Please see
65 http://lists.sourceforge.net/lists/listinfo/u-boot-users/
71 - start from 8xxrom sources
72 - create PPCBoot project (http://sourceforge.net/projects/ppcboot)
74 - make it easier to add custom boards
75 - make it possible to add other [PowerPC] CPUs
76 - extend functions, especially:
77 * Provide extended interface to Linux boot loader
80 * PCMCIA / CompactFLash / ATA disk / SCSI ... boot
81 - create ARMBoot project (http://sourceforge.net/projects/armboot)
82 - add other CPU families (starting with ARM)
83 - create U-Boot project (http://sourceforge.net/projects/u-boot)
89 The "official" name of this project is "Das U-Boot". The spelling
90 "U-Boot" shall be used in all written text (documentation, comments
91 in source files etc.). Example:
93 This is the README file for the U-Boot project.
95 File names etc. shall be based on the string "u-boot". Examples:
97 include/asm-ppc/u-boot.h
99 #include <asm/u-boot.h>
101 Variable names, preprocessor constants etc. shall be either based on
102 the string "u_boot" or on "U_BOOT". Example:
104 U_BOOT_VERSION u_boot_logo
105 IH_OS_U_BOOT u_boot_hush_start
111 U-Boot uses a 3 level version number containing a version, a
112 sub-version, and a patchlevel: "U-Boot-2.34.5" means version "2",
113 sub-version "34", and patchlevel "4".
115 The patchlevel is used to indicate certain stages of development
116 between released versions, i. e. officially released versions of
117 U-Boot will always have a patchlevel of "0".
123 - board Board dependent files
124 - common Misc architecture independent functions
125 - cpu CPU specific files
126 - 74xx_7xx Files specific to Freescale MPC74xx and 7xx CPUs
127 - arm720t Files specific to ARM 720 CPUs
128 - arm920t Files specific to ARM 920 CPUs
129 - at91rm9200 Files specific to Atmel AT91RM9200 CPU
130 - imx Files specific to Freescale MC9328 i.MX CPUs
131 - s3c24x0 Files specific to Samsung S3C24X0 CPUs
132 - arm925t Files specific to ARM 925 CPUs
133 - arm926ejs Files specific to ARM 926 CPUs
134 - arm1136 Files specific to ARM 1136 CPUs
135 - at32ap Files specific to Atmel AVR32 AP CPUs
136 - i386 Files specific to i386 CPUs
137 - ixp Files specific to Intel XScale IXP CPUs
138 - mcf52x2 Files specific to Freescale ColdFire MCF52x2 CPUs
139 - mips Files specific to MIPS CPUs
140 - mpc5xx Files specific to Freescale MPC5xx CPUs
141 - mpc5xxx Files specific to Freescale MPC5xxx CPUs
142 - mpc8xx Files specific to Freescale MPC8xx CPUs
143 - mpc8220 Files specific to Freescale MPC8220 CPUs
144 - mpc824x Files specific to Freescale MPC824x CPUs
145 - mpc8260 Files specific to Freescale MPC8260 CPUs
146 - mpc85xx Files specific to Freescale MPC85xx CPUs
147 - nios Files specific to Altera NIOS CPUs
148 - nios2 Files specific to Altera Nios-II CPUs
149 - ppc4xx Files specific to AMCC PowerPC 4xx CPUs
150 - pxa Files specific to Intel XScale PXA CPUs
151 - s3c44b0 Files specific to Samsung S3C44B0 CPUs
152 - sa1100 Files specific to Intel StrongARM SA1100 CPUs
153 - disk Code for disk drive partition handling
154 - doc Documentation (don't expect too much)
155 - drivers Commonly used device drivers
156 - dtt Digital Thermometer and Thermostat drivers
157 - examples Example code for standalone applications, etc.
158 - include Header Files
159 - lib_arm Files generic to ARM architecture
160 - lib_avr32 Files generic to AVR32 architecture
161 - lib_generic Files generic to all architectures
162 - lib_i386 Files generic to i386 architecture
163 - lib_m68k Files generic to m68k architecture
164 - lib_mips Files generic to MIPS architecture
165 - lib_nios Files generic to NIOS architecture
166 - lib_ppc Files generic to PowerPC architecture
167 - libfdt Library files to support flattened device trees
168 - net Networking code
169 - post Power On Self Test
170 - rtc Real Time Clock drivers
171 - tools Tools to build S-Record or U-Boot images, etc.
173 Software Configuration:
174 =======================
176 Configuration is usually done using C preprocessor defines; the
177 rationale behind that is to avoid dead code whenever possible.
179 There are two classes of configuration variables:
181 * Configuration _OPTIONS_:
182 These are selectable by the user and have names beginning with
185 * Configuration _SETTINGS_:
186 These depend on the hardware etc. and should not be meddled with if
187 you don't know what you're doing; they have names beginning with
190 Later we will add a configuration tool - probably similar to or even
191 identical to what's used for the Linux kernel. Right now, we have to
192 do the configuration by hand, which means creating some symbolic
193 links and editing some configuration files. We use the TQM8xxL boards
197 Selection of Processor Architecture and Board Type:
198 ---------------------------------------------------
200 For all supported boards there are ready-to-use default
201 configurations available; just type "make <board_name>_config".
203 Example: For a TQM823L module type:
208 For the Cogent platform, you need to specify the cpu type as well;
209 e.g. "make cogent_mpc8xx_config". And also configure the cogent
210 directory according to the instructions in cogent/README.
213 Configuration Options:
214 ----------------------
216 Configuration depends on the combination of board and CPU type; all
217 such information is kept in a configuration file
218 "include/configs/<board_name>.h".
220 Example: For a TQM823L module, all configuration settings are in
221 "include/configs/TQM823L.h".
224 Many of the options are named exactly as the corresponding Linux
225 kernel configuration options. The intention is to make it easier to
226 build a config tool - later.
229 The following options need to be configured:
231 - CPU Type: Define exactly one, e.g. CONFIG_MPC85XX.
233 - Board Type: Define exactly one, e.g. CONFIG_MPC8540ADS.
235 - CPU Daughterboard Type: (if CONFIG_ATSTK1000 is defined)
236 Define exactly one of
240 - CPU Module Type: (if CONFIG_COGENT is defined)
241 Define exactly one of
243 --- FIXME --- not tested yet:
244 CONFIG_CMA286_60, CONFIG_CMA286_21, CONFIG_CMA286_60P,
245 CONFIG_CMA287_23, CONFIG_CMA287_50
247 - Motherboard Type: (if CONFIG_COGENT is defined)
248 Define exactly one of
249 CONFIG_CMA101, CONFIG_CMA102
251 - Motherboard I/O Modules: (if CONFIG_COGENT is defined)
252 Define one or more of
255 - Motherboard Options: (if CONFIG_CMA101 or CONFIG_CMA102 are defined)
256 Define one or more of
257 CONFIG_LCD_HEARTBEAT - update a character position on
258 the lcd display every second with
261 - Board flavour: (if CONFIG_MPC8260ADS is defined)
264 CFG_8260ADS - original MPC8260ADS
265 CFG_8266ADS - MPC8266ADS
266 CFG_PQ2FADS - PQ2FADS-ZU or PQ2FADS-VR
267 CFG_8272ADS - MPC8272ADS
269 - MPC824X Family Member (if CONFIG_MPC824X is defined)
270 Define exactly one of
271 CONFIG_MPC8240, CONFIG_MPC8245
273 - 8xx CPU Options: (if using an MPC8xx cpu)
274 CONFIG_8xx_GCLK_FREQ - deprecated: CPU clock if
275 get_gclk_freq() cannot work
276 e.g. if there is no 32KHz
277 reference PIT/RTC clock
278 CONFIG_8xx_OSCLK - PLL input clock (either EXTCLK
281 - 859/866/885 CPU options: (if using a MPC859 or MPC866 or MPC885 CPU):
284 CONFIG_8xx_CPUCLK_DEFAULT
285 See doc/README.MPC866
289 Define this to measure the actual CPU clock instead
290 of relying on the correctness of the configured
291 values. Mostly useful for board bringup to make sure
292 the PLL is locked at the intended frequency. Note
293 that this requires a (stable) reference clock (32 kHz
294 RTC clock or CFG_8XX_XIN)
296 - Intel Monahans options:
297 CFG_MONAHANS_RUN_MODE_OSC_RATIO
299 Defines the Monahans run mode to oscillator
300 ratio. Valid values are 8, 16, 24, 31. The core
301 frequency is this value multiplied by 13 MHz.
303 CFG_MONAHANS_TURBO_RUN_MODE_RATIO
305 Defines the Monahans turbo mode to oscillator
306 ratio. Valid values are 1 (default if undefined) and
307 2. The core frequency as calculated above is multiplied
310 - Linux Kernel Interface:
313 U-Boot stores all clock information in Hz
314 internally. For binary compatibility with older Linux
315 kernels (which expect the clocks passed in the
316 bd_info data to be in MHz) the environment variable
317 "clocks_in_mhz" can be defined so that U-Boot
318 converts clock data to MHZ before passing it to the
320 When CONFIG_CLOCKS_IN_MHZ is defined, a definition of
321 "clocks_in_mhz=1" is automatically included in the
324 CONFIG_MEMSIZE_IN_BYTES [relevant for MIPS only]
326 When transfering memsize parameter to linux, some versions
327 expect it to be in bytes, others in MB.
328 Define CONFIG_MEMSIZE_IN_BYTES to make it in bytes.
330 CONFIG_OF_LIBFDT / CONFIG_OF_FLAT_TREE
332 New kernel versions are expecting firmware settings to be
333 passed using flattened device trees (based on open firmware
337 * New libfdt-based support
338 * Adds the "fdt" command
339 * The bootm command does _not_ modify the fdt
342 * Deprecated, see CONFIG_OF_LIBFDT
343 * Original ft_build.c-based support
344 * Automatically modifies the dft as part of the bootm command
345 * The environment variable "disable_of", when set,
346 disables this functionality.
348 CONFIG_OF_FLAT_TREE_MAX_SIZE
350 The maximum size of the constructed OF tree.
352 OF_CPU - The proper name of the cpus node.
353 OF_SOC - The proper name of the soc node.
354 OF_TBCLK - The timebase frequency.
355 OF_STDOUT_PATH - The path to the console device
359 * CONFIG_OF_LIBFDT - enables the "fdt bd_t" command
360 * CONFIG_OF_FLAT_TREE - The resulting flat device tree
361 will have a copy of the bd_t. Space should be
362 pre-allocated in the dts for the bd_t.
364 CONFIG_OF_HAS_UBOOT_ENV
366 * CONFIG_OF_LIBFDT - enables the "fdt bd_t" command
367 * CONFIG_OF_FLAT_TREE - The resulting flat device tree
368 will have a copy of u-boot's environment variables
370 CONFIG_OF_BOARD_SETUP
372 Board code has addition modification that it wants to make
373 to the flat device tree before handing it off to the kernel
377 This define fills in the correct boot cpu in the boot
378 param header, the default value is zero if undefined.
383 Define this if you want support for Amba PrimeCell PL010 UARTs.
387 Define this if you want support for Amba PrimeCell PL011 UARTs.
391 If you have Amba PrimeCell PL011 UARTs, set this variable to
392 the clock speed of the UARTs.
396 If you have Amba PrimeCell PL010 or PL011 UARTs on your board,
397 define this to a list of base addresses for each (supported)
398 port. See e.g. include/configs/versatile.h
402 Depending on board, define exactly one serial port
403 (like CONFIG_8xx_CONS_SMC1, CONFIG_8xx_CONS_SMC2,
404 CONFIG_8xx_CONS_SCC1, ...), or switch off the serial
405 console by defining CONFIG_8xx_CONS_NONE
407 Note: if CONFIG_8xx_CONS_NONE is defined, the serial
408 port routines must be defined elsewhere
409 (i.e. serial_init(), serial_getc(), ...)
412 Enables console device for a color framebuffer. Needs following
413 defines (cf. smiLynxEM, i8042, board/eltec/bab7xx)
414 VIDEO_FB_LITTLE_ENDIAN graphic memory organisation
416 VIDEO_HW_RECTFILL graphic chip supports
419 VIDEO_HW_BITBLT graphic chip supports
420 bit-blit (cf. smiLynxEM)
421 VIDEO_VISIBLE_COLS visible pixel columns
423 VIDEO_VISIBLE_ROWS visible pixel rows
424 VIDEO_PIXEL_SIZE bytes per pixel
425 VIDEO_DATA_FORMAT graphic data format
426 (0-5, cf. cfb_console.c)
427 VIDEO_FB_ADRS framebuffer address
428 VIDEO_KBD_INIT_FCT keyboard int fct
429 (i.e. i8042_kbd_init())
430 VIDEO_TSTC_FCT test char fct
432 VIDEO_GETC_FCT get char fct
434 CONFIG_CONSOLE_CURSOR cursor drawing on/off
435 (requires blink timer
437 CFG_CONSOLE_BLINK_COUNT blink interval (cf. i8042.c)
438 CONFIG_CONSOLE_TIME display time/date info in
440 (requires CONFIG_CMD_DATE)
441 CONFIG_VIDEO_LOGO display Linux logo in
443 CONFIG_VIDEO_BMP_LOGO use bmp_logo.h instead of
444 linux_logo.h for logo.
445 Requires CONFIG_VIDEO_LOGO
446 CONFIG_CONSOLE_EXTRA_INFO
447 addional board info beside
450 When CONFIG_CFB_CONSOLE is defined, video console is
451 default i/o. Serial console can be forced with
452 environment 'console=serial'.
454 When CONFIG_SILENT_CONSOLE is defined, all console
455 messages (by U-Boot and Linux!) can be silenced with
456 the "silent" environment variable. See
457 doc/README.silent for more information.
460 CONFIG_BAUDRATE - in bps
461 Select one of the baudrates listed in
462 CFG_BAUDRATE_TABLE, see below.
463 CFG_BRGCLK_PRESCALE, baudrate prescale
465 - Interrupt driven serial port input:
466 CONFIG_SERIAL_SOFTWARE_FIFO
469 Use an interrupt handler for receiving data on the
470 serial port. It also enables using hardware handshake
471 (RTS/CTS) and UART's built-in FIFO. Set the number of
472 bytes the interrupt driven input buffer should have.
474 Leave undefined to disable this feature, including
475 disable the buffer and hardware handshake.
477 - Console UART Number:
481 If defined internal UART1 (and not UART0) is used
482 as default U-Boot console.
484 - Boot Delay: CONFIG_BOOTDELAY - in seconds
485 Delay before automatically booting the default image;
486 set to -1 to disable autoboot.
488 See doc/README.autoboot for these options that
489 work with CONFIG_BOOTDELAY. None are required.
490 CONFIG_BOOT_RETRY_TIME
491 CONFIG_BOOT_RETRY_MIN
492 CONFIG_AUTOBOOT_KEYED
493 CONFIG_AUTOBOOT_PROMPT
494 CONFIG_AUTOBOOT_DELAY_STR
495 CONFIG_AUTOBOOT_STOP_STR
496 CONFIG_AUTOBOOT_DELAY_STR2
497 CONFIG_AUTOBOOT_STOP_STR2
498 CONFIG_ZERO_BOOTDELAY_CHECK
499 CONFIG_RESET_TO_RETRY
503 Only needed when CONFIG_BOOTDELAY is enabled;
504 define a command string that is automatically executed
505 when no character is read on the console interface
506 within "Boot Delay" after reset.
509 This can be used to pass arguments to the bootm
510 command. The value of CONFIG_BOOTARGS goes into the
511 environment value "bootargs".
513 CONFIG_RAMBOOT and CONFIG_NFSBOOT
514 The value of these goes into the environment as
515 "ramboot" and "nfsboot" respectively, and can be used
516 as a convenience, when switching between booting from
522 When this option is #defined, the existence of the
523 environment variable "preboot" will be checked
524 immediately before starting the CONFIG_BOOTDELAY
525 countdown and/or running the auto-boot command resp.
526 entering interactive mode.
528 This feature is especially useful when "preboot" is
529 automatically generated or modified. For an example
530 see the LWMON board specific code: here "preboot" is
531 modified when the user holds down a certain
532 combination of keys on the (special) keyboard when
535 - Serial Download Echo Mode:
537 If defined to 1, all characters received during a
538 serial download (using the "loads" command) are
539 echoed back. This might be needed by some terminal
540 emulations (like "cu"), but may as well just take
541 time on others. This setting #define's the initial
542 value of the "loads_echo" environment variable.
544 - Kgdb Serial Baudrate: (if CONFIG_CMD_KGDB is defined)
546 Select one of the baudrates listed in
547 CFG_BAUDRATE_TABLE, see below.
550 Monitor commands can be included or excluded
551 from the build by using the #include files
552 "config_cmd_all.h" and #undef'ing unwanted
553 commands, or using "config_cmd_default.h"
554 and augmenting with additional #define's
557 The default command configuration includes all commands
558 except those marked below with a "*".
560 CONFIG_CMD_ASKENV * ask for env variable
561 CONFIG_CMD_AUTOSCRIPT Autoscript Support
562 CONFIG_CMD_BDI bdinfo
563 CONFIG_CMD_BEDBUG * Include BedBug Debugger
564 CONFIG_CMD_BMP * BMP support
565 CONFIG_CMD_BSP * Board specific commands
566 CONFIG_CMD_BOOTD bootd
567 CONFIG_CMD_CACHE * icache, dcache
568 CONFIG_CMD_CONSOLE coninfo
569 CONFIG_CMD_DATE * support for RTC, date/time...
570 CONFIG_CMD_DHCP * DHCP support
571 CONFIG_CMD_DIAG * Diagnostics
572 CONFIG_CMD_DOC * Disk-On-Chip Support
573 CONFIG_CMD_DTT * Digital Therm and Thermostat
574 CONFIG_CMD_ECHO echo arguments
575 CONFIG_CMD_EEPROM * EEPROM read/write support
576 CONFIG_CMD_ELF * bootelf, bootvx
577 CONFIG_CMD_ENV saveenv
578 CONFIG_CMD_FDC * Floppy Disk Support
579 CONFIG_CMD_FAT * FAT partition support
580 CONFIG_CMD_FDOS * Dos diskette Support
581 CONFIG_CMD_FLASH flinfo, erase, protect
582 CONFIG_CMD_FPGA FPGA device initialization support
583 CONFIG_CMD_HWFLOW * RTS/CTS hw flow control
584 CONFIG_CMD_I2C * I2C serial bus support
585 CONFIG_CMD_IDE * IDE harddisk support
586 CONFIG_CMD_IMI iminfo
587 CONFIG_CMD_IMLS List all found images
588 CONFIG_CMD_IMMAP * IMMR dump support
589 CONFIG_CMD_IRQ * irqinfo
590 CONFIG_CMD_ITEST Integer/string test of 2 values
591 CONFIG_CMD_JFFS2 * JFFS2 Support
592 CONFIG_CMD_KGDB * kgdb
593 CONFIG_CMD_LOADB loadb
594 CONFIG_CMD_LOADS loads
595 CONFIG_CMD_MEMORY md, mm, nm, mw, cp, cmp, crc, base,
597 CONFIG_CMD_MISC Misc functions like sleep etc
598 CONFIG_CMD_MMC * MMC memory mapped support
599 CONFIG_CMD_MII * MII utility commands
600 CONFIG_CMD_NAND * NAND support
601 CONFIG_CMD_NET bootp, tftpboot, rarpboot
602 CONFIG_CMD_PCI * pciinfo
603 CONFIG_CMD_PCMCIA * PCMCIA support
604 CONFIG_CMD_PING * send ICMP ECHO_REQUEST to network
606 CONFIG_CMD_PORTIO * Port I/O
607 CONFIG_CMD_REGINFO * Register dump
608 CONFIG_CMD_RUN run command in env variable
609 CONFIG_CMD_SAVES * save S record dump
610 CONFIG_CMD_SCSI * SCSI Support
611 CONFIG_CMD_SDRAM * print SDRAM configuration information
612 (requires CONFIG_CMD_I2C)
613 CONFIG_CMD_SETGETDCR Support for DCR Register access
615 CONFIG_CMD_SPI * SPI serial bus support
616 CONFIG_CMD_USB * USB support
617 CONFIG_CMD_VFD * VFD support (TRAB)
618 CONFIG_CMD_BSP * Board SPecific functions
619 CONFIG_CMD_CDP * Cisco Discover Protocol support
620 CONFIG_CMD_FSL * Microblaze FSL support
623 EXAMPLE: If you want all functions except of network
624 support you can write:
626 #include "config_cmd_all.h"
627 #undef CONFIG_CMD_NET
630 fdt (flattened device tree) command: CONFIG_OF_LIBFDT
632 Note: Don't enable the "icache" and "dcache" commands
633 (configuration option CONFIG_CMD_CACHE) unless you know
634 what you (and your U-Boot users) are doing. Data
635 cache cannot be enabled on systems like the 8xx or
636 8260 (where accesses to the IMMR region must be
637 uncached), and it cannot be disabled on all other
638 systems where we (mis-) use the data cache to hold an
639 initial stack and some data.
642 XXX - this list needs to get updated!
646 If this variable is defined, it enables watchdog
647 support. There must be support in the platform specific
648 code for a watchdog. For the 8xx and 8260 CPUs, the
649 SIU Watchdog feature is enabled in the SYPCR
653 CONFIG_VERSION_VARIABLE
654 If this variable is defined, an environment variable
655 named "ver" is created by U-Boot showing the U-Boot
656 version as printed by the "version" command.
657 This variable is readonly.
661 When CONFIG_CMD_DATE is selected, the type of the RTC
662 has to be selected, too. Define exactly one of the
665 CONFIG_RTC_MPC8xx - use internal RTC of MPC8xx
666 CONFIG_RTC_PCF8563 - use Philips PCF8563 RTC
667 CONFIG_RTC_MC146818 - use MC146818 RTC
668 CONFIG_RTC_DS1307 - use Maxim, Inc. DS1307 RTC
669 CONFIG_RTC_DS1337 - use Maxim, Inc. DS1337 RTC
670 CONFIG_RTC_DS1338 - use Maxim, Inc. DS1338 RTC
671 CONFIG_RTC_DS164x - use Dallas DS164x RTC
672 CONFIG_RTC_MAX6900 - use Maxim, Inc. MAX6900 RTC
674 Note that if the RTC uses I2C, then the I2C interface
675 must also be configured. See I2C Support, below.
679 When CONFIG_TIMESTAMP is selected, the timestamp
680 (date and time) of an image is printed by image
681 commands like bootm or iminfo. This option is
682 automatically enabled when you select CONFIG_CMD_DATE .
685 CONFIG_MAC_PARTITION and/or CONFIG_DOS_PARTITION
686 and/or CONFIG_ISO_PARTITION
688 If IDE or SCSI support is enabled (CONFIG_CMD_IDE or
689 CONFIG_CMD_SCSI) you must configure support for at least
690 one partition type as well.
693 CONFIG_IDE_RESET_ROUTINE - this is defined in several
694 board configurations files but used nowhere!
696 CONFIG_IDE_RESET - is this is defined, IDE Reset will
697 be performed by calling the function
698 ide_set_reset(int reset)
699 which has to be defined in a board specific file
704 Set this to enable ATAPI support.
709 Set this to enable support for disks larger than 137GB
710 Also look at CFG_64BIT_LBA ,CFG_64BIT_VSPRINTF and CFG_64BIT_STRTOUL
711 Whithout these , LBA48 support uses 32bit variables and will 'only'
712 support disks up to 2.1TB.
715 When enabled, makes the IDE subsystem use 64bit sector addresses.
719 At the moment only there is only support for the
720 SYM53C8XX SCSI controller; define
721 CONFIG_SCSI_SYM53C8XX to enable it.
723 CFG_SCSI_MAX_LUN [8], CFG_SCSI_MAX_SCSI_ID [7] and
724 CFG_SCSI_MAX_DEVICE [CFG_SCSI_MAX_SCSI_ID *
725 CFG_SCSI_MAX_LUN] can be adjusted to define the
726 maximum numbers of LUNs, SCSI ID's and target
728 CFG_SCSI_SYM53C8XX_CCF to fix clock timing (80Mhz)
730 - NETWORK Support (PCI):
732 Support for Intel 8254x gigabit chips.
735 Support for Intel 82557/82559/82559ER chips.
736 Optional CONFIG_EEPRO100_SROM_WRITE enables eeprom
737 write routine for first time initialisation.
740 Support for Digital 2114x chips.
741 Optional CONFIG_TULIP_SELECT_MEDIA for board specific
742 modem chip initialisation (KS8761/QS6611).
745 Support for National dp83815 chips.
748 Support for National dp8382[01] gigabit chips.
750 - NETWORK Support (other):
752 CONFIG_DRIVER_LAN91C96
753 Support for SMSC's LAN91C96 chips.
756 Define this to hold the physical address
757 of the LAN91C96's I/O space
759 CONFIG_LAN91C96_USE_32_BIT
760 Define this to enable 32 bit addressing
762 CONFIG_DRIVER_SMC91111
763 Support for SMSC's LAN91C111 chip
766 Define this to hold the physical address
767 of the device (I/O space)
769 CONFIG_SMC_USE_32_BIT
770 Define this if data bus is 32 bits
772 CONFIG_SMC_USE_IOFUNCS
773 Define this to use i/o functions instead of macros
774 (some hardware wont work with macros)
777 At the moment only the UHCI host controller is
778 supported (PIP405, MIP405, MPC5200); define
779 CONFIG_USB_UHCI to enable it.
780 define CONFIG_USB_KEYBOARD to enable the USB Keyboard
781 and define CONFIG_USB_STORAGE to enable the USB
784 Supported are USB Keyboards and USB Floppy drives
786 MPC5200 USB requires additional defines:
788 for 528 MHz Clock: 0x0001bbbb
790 for differential drivers: 0x00001000
791 for single ended drivers: 0x00005000
793 May be defined to allow interrupt polling
794 instead of using asynchronous interrupts
797 Define the below if you wish to use the USB console.
798 Once firmware is rebuilt from a serial console issue the
799 command "setenv stdin usbtty; setenv stdout usbtty" and
800 attach your usb cable. The Unix command "dmesg" should print
801 it has found a new device. The environment variable usbtty
802 can be set to gserial or cdc_acm to enable your device to
803 appear to a USB host as a Linux gserial device or a
804 Common Device Class Abstract Control Model serial device.
805 If you select usbtty = gserial you should be able to enumerate
807 # modprobe usbserial vendor=0xVendorID product=0xProductID
808 else if using cdc_acm, simply setting the environment
809 variable usbtty to be cdc_acm should suffice. The following
810 might be defined in YourBoardName.h
813 Define this to build a UDC device
816 Define this to have a tty type of device available to
817 talk to the UDC device
819 CFG_CONSOLE_IS_IN_ENV
820 Define this if you want stdin, stdout &/or stderr to
824 CFG_USB_EXTC_CLK 0xBLAH
825 Derive USB clock from external clock "blah"
826 - CFG_USB_EXTC_CLK 0x02
828 CFG_USB_BRG_CLK 0xBLAH
829 Derive USB clock from brgclk
830 - CFG_USB_BRG_CLK 0x04
832 If you have a USB-IF assigned VendorID then you may wish to
833 define your own vendor specific values either in BoardName.h
834 or directly in usbd_vendor_info.h. If you don't define
835 CONFIG_USBD_MANUFACTURER, CONFIG_USBD_PRODUCT_NAME,
836 CONFIG_USBD_VENDORID and CONFIG_USBD_PRODUCTID, then U-Boot
837 should pretend to be a Linux device to it's target host.
839 CONFIG_USBD_MANUFACTURER
840 Define this string as the name of your company for
841 - CONFIG_USBD_MANUFACTURER "my company"
843 CONFIG_USBD_PRODUCT_NAME
844 Define this string as the name of your product
845 - CONFIG_USBD_PRODUCT_NAME "acme usb device"
848 Define this as your assigned Vendor ID from the USB
849 Implementors Forum. This *must* be a genuine Vendor ID
850 to avoid polluting the USB namespace.
851 - CONFIG_USBD_VENDORID 0xFFFF
853 CONFIG_USBD_PRODUCTID
854 Define this as the unique Product ID
856 - CONFIG_USBD_PRODUCTID 0xFFFF
860 The MMC controller on the Intel PXA is supported. To
861 enable this define CONFIG_MMC. The MMC can be
862 accessed from the boot prompt by mapping the device
863 to physical memory similar to flash. Command line is
864 enabled with CONFIG_CMD_MMC. The MMC driver also works with
865 the FAT fs. This is enabled with CONFIG_CMD_FAT.
867 - Journaling Flash filesystem support:
868 CONFIG_JFFS2_NAND, CONFIG_JFFS2_NAND_OFF, CONFIG_JFFS2_NAND_SIZE,
869 CONFIG_JFFS2_NAND_DEV
870 Define these for a default partition on a NAND device
872 CFG_JFFS2_FIRST_SECTOR,
873 CFG_JFFS2_FIRST_BANK, CFG_JFFS2_NUM_BANKS
874 Define these for a default partition on a NOR device
877 Define this to create an own partition. You have to provide a
878 function struct part_info* jffs2_part_info(int part_num)
880 If you define only one JFFS2 partition you may also want to
881 #define CFG_JFFS_SINGLE_PART 1
882 to disable the command chpart. This is the default when you
883 have not defined a custom partition
888 Define this to enable standard (PC-Style) keyboard
892 Standard PC keyboard driver with US (is default) and
893 GERMAN key layout (switch via environment 'keymap=de') support.
894 Export function i8042_kbd_init, i8042_tstc and i8042_getc
895 for cfb_console. Supports cursor blinking.
900 Define this to enable video support (for output to
905 Enable Chips & Technologies 69000 Video chip
907 CONFIG_VIDEO_SMI_LYNXEM
908 Enable Silicon Motion SMI 712/710/810 Video chip. The
909 video output is selected via environment 'videoout'
910 (1 = LCD and 2 = CRT). If videoout is undefined, CRT is
913 For the CT69000 and SMI_LYNXEM drivers, videomode is
914 selected via environment 'videomode'. Two diferent ways
916 - "videomode=num" 'num' is a standard LiLo mode numbers.
917 Following standard modes are supported (* is default):
919 Colors 640x480 800x600 1024x768 1152x864 1280x1024
920 -------------+---------------------------------------------
921 8 bits | 0x301* 0x303 0x305 0x161 0x307
922 15 bits | 0x310 0x313 0x316 0x162 0x319
923 16 bits | 0x311 0x314 0x317 0x163 0x31A
924 24 bits | 0x312 0x315 0x318 ? 0x31B
925 -------------+---------------------------------------------
926 (i.e. setenv videomode 317; saveenv; reset;)
928 - "videomode=bootargs" all the video parameters are parsed
929 from the bootargs. (See drivers/videomodes.c)
932 CONFIG_VIDEO_SED13806
933 Enable Epson SED13806 driver. This driver supports 8bpp
934 and 16bpp modes defined by CONFIG_VIDEO_SED13806_8BPP
935 or CONFIG_VIDEO_SED13806_16BPP
940 Define this to enable a custom keyboard support.
941 This simply calls drv_keyboard_init() which must be
942 defined in your board-specific files.
943 The only board using this so far is RBC823.
945 - LCD Support: CONFIG_LCD
947 Define this to enable LCD support (for output to LCD
948 display); also select one of the supported displays
949 by defining one of these:
951 CONFIG_NEC_NL6448AC33:
953 NEC NL6448AC33-18. Active, color, single scan.
955 CONFIG_NEC_NL6448BC20
957 NEC NL6448BC20-08. 6.5", 640x480.
958 Active, color, single scan.
960 CONFIG_NEC_NL6448BC33_54
962 NEC NL6448BC33-54. 10.4", 640x480.
963 Active, color, single scan.
967 Sharp 320x240. Active, color, single scan.
968 It isn't 16x9, and I am not sure what it is.
970 CONFIG_SHARP_LQ64D341
972 Sharp LQ64D341 display, 640x480.
973 Active, color, single scan.
977 HLD1045 display, 640x480.
978 Active, color, single scan.
982 Optrex CBL50840-2 NF-FW 99 22 M5
984 Hitachi LMG6912RPFC-00T
988 320x240. Black & white.
990 Normally display is black on white background; define
991 CFG_WHITE_ON_BLACK to get it inverted.
993 - Splash Screen Support: CONFIG_SPLASH_SCREEN
995 If this option is set, the environment is checked for
996 a variable "splashimage". If found, the usual display
997 of logo, copyright and system information on the LCD
998 is suppressed and the BMP image at the address
999 specified in "splashimage" is loaded instead. The
1000 console is redirected to the "nulldev", too. This
1001 allows for a "silent" boot where a splash screen is
1002 loaded very quickly after power-on.
1004 - Gzip compressed BMP image support: CONFIG_VIDEO_BMP_GZIP
1006 If this option is set, additionally to standard BMP
1007 images, gzipped BMP images can be displayed via the
1008 splashscreen support or the bmp command.
1010 - Compression support:
1013 If this option is set, support for bzip2 compressed
1014 images is included. If not, only uncompressed and gzip
1015 compressed images are supported.
1017 NOTE: the bzip2 algorithm requires a lot of RAM, so
1018 the malloc area (as defined by CFG_MALLOC_LEN) should
1024 The address of PHY on MII bus.
1026 CONFIG_PHY_CLOCK_FREQ (ppc4xx)
1028 The clock frequency of the MII bus
1032 If this option is set, support for speed/duplex
1033 detection of Gigabit PHY is included.
1035 CONFIG_PHY_RESET_DELAY
1037 Some PHY like Intel LXT971A need extra delay after
1038 reset before any MII register access is possible.
1039 For such PHY, set this option to the usec delay
1040 required. (minimum 300usec for LXT971A)
1042 CONFIG_PHY_CMD_DELAY (ppc4xx)
1044 Some PHY like Intel LXT971A need extra delay after
1045 command issued before MII status register can be read
1052 Define a default value for ethernet address to use
1053 for the respective ethernet interface, in case this
1054 is not determined automatically.
1059 Define a default value for the IP address to use for
1060 the default ethernet interface, in case this is not
1061 determined through e.g. bootp.
1063 - Server IP address:
1066 Defines a default value for theIP address of a TFTP
1067 server to contact when using the "tftboot" command.
1069 - Multicast TFTP Mode:
1072 Defines whether you want to support multicast TFTP as per
1073 rfc-2090; for example to work with atftp. Lets lots of targets
1074 tftp down the same boot image concurrently. Note: the ethernet
1075 driver in use must provide a function: mcast() to join/leave a
1078 CONFIG_BOOTP_RANDOM_DELAY
1079 - BOOTP Recovery Mode:
1080 CONFIG_BOOTP_RANDOM_DELAY
1082 If you have many targets in a network that try to
1083 boot using BOOTP, you may want to avoid that all
1084 systems send out BOOTP requests at precisely the same
1085 moment (which would happen for instance at recovery
1086 from a power failure, when all systems will try to
1087 boot, thus flooding the BOOTP server. Defining
1088 CONFIG_BOOTP_RANDOM_DELAY causes a random delay to be
1089 inserted before sending out BOOTP requests. The
1090 following delays are inserted then:
1092 1st BOOTP request: delay 0 ... 1 sec
1093 2nd BOOTP request: delay 0 ... 2 sec
1094 3rd BOOTP request: delay 0 ... 4 sec
1096 BOOTP requests: delay 0 ... 8 sec
1098 - DHCP Advanced Options:
1099 You can fine tune the DHCP functionality by defining
1100 CONFIG_BOOTP_* symbols:
1102 CONFIG_BOOTP_SUBNETMASK
1103 CONFIG_BOOTP_GATEWAY
1104 CONFIG_BOOTP_HOSTNAME
1105 CONFIG_BOOTP_NISDOMAIN
1106 CONFIG_BOOTP_BOOTPATH
1107 CONFIG_BOOTP_BOOTFILESIZE
1110 CONFIG_BOOTP_SEND_HOSTNAME
1111 CONFIG_BOOTP_NTPSERVER
1112 CONFIG_BOOTP_TIMEOFFSET
1113 CONFIG_BOOTP_VENDOREX
1115 CONFIG_BOOTP_SERVERIP - TFTP server will be the serverip
1116 environment variable, not the BOOTP server.
1118 CONFIG_BOOTP_DNS2 - If a DHCP client requests the DNS
1119 serverip from a DHCP server, it is possible that more
1120 than one DNS serverip is offered to the client.
1121 If CONFIG_BOOTP_DNS2 is enabled, the secondary DNS
1122 serverip will be stored in the additional environment
1123 variable "dnsip2". The first DNS serverip is always
1124 stored in the variable "dnsip", when CONFIG_BOOTP_DNS
1127 CONFIG_BOOTP_SEND_HOSTNAME - Some DHCP servers are capable
1128 to do a dynamic update of a DNS server. To do this, they
1129 need the hostname of the DHCP requester.
1130 If CONFIG_BOOTP_SEND_HOSTNAME is defined, the content
1131 of the "hostname" environment variable is passed as
1132 option 12 to the DHCP server.
1135 CONFIG_CDP_DEVICE_ID
1137 The device id used in CDP trigger frames.
1139 CONFIG_CDP_DEVICE_ID_PREFIX
1141 A two character string which is prefixed to the MAC address
1146 A printf format string which contains the ascii name of
1147 the port. Normally is set to "eth%d" which sets
1148 eth0 for the first ethernet, eth1 for the second etc.
1150 CONFIG_CDP_CAPABILITIES
1152 A 32bit integer which indicates the device capabilities;
1153 0x00000010 for a normal host which does not forwards.
1157 An ascii string containing the version of the software.
1161 An ascii string containing the name of the platform.
1165 A 32bit integer sent on the trigger.
1167 CONFIG_CDP_POWER_CONSUMPTION
1169 A 16bit integer containing the power consumption of the
1170 device in .1 of milliwatts.
1172 CONFIG_CDP_APPLIANCE_VLAN_TYPE
1174 A byte containing the id of the VLAN.
1176 - Status LED: CONFIG_STATUS_LED
1178 Several configurations allow to display the current
1179 status using a LED. For instance, the LED will blink
1180 fast while running U-Boot code, stop blinking as
1181 soon as a reply to a BOOTP request was received, and
1182 start blinking slow once the Linux kernel is running
1183 (supported by a status LED driver in the Linux
1184 kernel). Defining CONFIG_STATUS_LED enables this
1187 - CAN Support: CONFIG_CAN_DRIVER
1189 Defining CONFIG_CAN_DRIVER enables CAN driver support
1190 on those systems that support this (optional)
1191 feature, like the TQM8xxL modules.
1193 - I2C Support: CONFIG_HARD_I2C | CONFIG_SOFT_I2C
1195 These enable I2C serial bus commands. Defining either of
1196 (but not both of) CONFIG_HARD_I2C or CONFIG_SOFT_I2C will
1197 include the appropriate I2C driver for the selected cpu.
1199 This will allow you to use i2c commands at the u-boot
1200 command line (as long as you set CONFIG_CMD_I2C in
1201 CONFIG_COMMANDS) and communicate with i2c based realtime
1202 clock chips. See common/cmd_i2c.c for a description of the
1203 command line interface.
1205 CONFIG_I2C_CMD_TREE is a recommended option that places
1206 all I2C commands under a single 'i2c' root command. The
1207 older 'imm', 'imd', 'iprobe' etc. commands are considered
1208 deprecated and may disappear in the future.
1210 CONFIG_HARD_I2C selects a hardware I2C controller.
1212 CONFIG_SOFT_I2C configures u-boot to use a software (aka
1213 bit-banging) driver instead of CPM or similar hardware
1216 There are several other quantities that must also be
1217 defined when you define CONFIG_HARD_I2C or CONFIG_SOFT_I2C.
1219 In both cases you will need to define CFG_I2C_SPEED
1220 to be the frequency (in Hz) at which you wish your i2c bus
1221 to run and CFG_I2C_SLAVE to be the address of this node (ie
1222 the cpu's i2c node address).
1224 Now, the u-boot i2c code for the mpc8xx (cpu/mpc8xx/i2c.c)
1225 sets the cpu up as a master node and so its address should
1226 therefore be cleared to 0 (See, eg, MPC823e User's Manual
1227 p.16-473). So, set CFG_I2C_SLAVE to 0.
1229 That's all that's required for CONFIG_HARD_I2C.
1231 If you use the software i2c interface (CONFIG_SOFT_I2C)
1232 then the following macros need to be defined (examples are
1233 from include/configs/lwmon.h):
1237 (Optional). Any commands necessary to enable the I2C
1238 controller or configure ports.
1240 eg: #define I2C_INIT (immr->im_cpm.cp_pbdir |= PB_SCL)
1244 (Only for MPC8260 CPU). The I/O port to use (the code
1245 assumes both bits are on the same port). Valid values
1246 are 0..3 for ports A..D.
1250 The code necessary to make the I2C data line active
1251 (driven). If the data line is open collector, this
1254 eg: #define I2C_ACTIVE (immr->im_cpm.cp_pbdir |= PB_SDA)
1258 The code necessary to make the I2C data line tri-stated
1259 (inactive). If the data line is open collector, this
1262 eg: #define I2C_TRISTATE (immr->im_cpm.cp_pbdir &= ~PB_SDA)
1266 Code that returns TRUE if the I2C data line is high,
1269 eg: #define I2C_READ ((immr->im_cpm.cp_pbdat & PB_SDA) != 0)
1273 If <bit> is TRUE, sets the I2C data line high. If it
1274 is FALSE, it clears it (low).
1276 eg: #define I2C_SDA(bit) \
1277 if(bit) immr->im_cpm.cp_pbdat |= PB_SDA; \
1278 else immr->im_cpm.cp_pbdat &= ~PB_SDA
1282 If <bit> is TRUE, sets the I2C clock line high. If it
1283 is FALSE, it clears it (low).
1285 eg: #define I2C_SCL(bit) \
1286 if(bit) immr->im_cpm.cp_pbdat |= PB_SCL; \
1287 else immr->im_cpm.cp_pbdat &= ~PB_SCL
1291 This delay is invoked four times per clock cycle so this
1292 controls the rate of data transfer. The data rate thus
1293 is 1 / (I2C_DELAY * 4). Often defined to be something
1296 #define I2C_DELAY udelay(2)
1300 When a board is reset during an i2c bus transfer
1301 chips might think that the current transfer is still
1302 in progress. On some boards it is possible to access
1303 the i2c SCLK line directly, either by using the
1304 processor pin as a GPIO or by having a second pin
1305 connected to the bus. If this option is defined a
1306 custom i2c_init_board() routine in boards/xxx/board.c
1307 is run early in the boot sequence.
1309 CONFIG_I2CFAST (PPC405GP|PPC405EP only)
1311 This option enables configuration of bi_iic_fast[] flags
1312 in u-boot bd_info structure based on u-boot environment
1313 variable "i2cfast". (see also i2cfast)
1315 CONFIG_I2C_MULTI_BUS
1317 This option allows the use of multiple I2C buses, each of which
1318 must have a controller. At any point in time, only one bus is
1319 active. To switch to a different bus, use the 'i2c dev' command.
1320 Note that bus numbering is zero-based.
1324 This option specifies a list of I2C devices that will be skipped
1325 when the 'i2c probe' command is issued (or 'iprobe' using the legacy
1326 command). If CONFIG_I2C_MULTI_BUS is set, specify a list of bus-device
1327 pairs. Otherwise, specify a 1D array of device addresses
1330 #undef CONFIG_I2C_MULTI_BUS
1331 #define CFG_I2C_NOPROBES {0x50,0x68}
1333 will skip addresses 0x50 and 0x68 on a board with one I2C bus
1335 #define CONFIG_I2C_MULTI_BUS
1336 #define CFG_I2C_MULTI_NOPROBES {{0,0x50},{0,0x68},{1,0x54}}
1338 will skip addresses 0x50 and 0x68 on bus 0 and address 0x54 on bus 1
1342 If defined, then this indicates the I2C bus number for DDR SPD.
1343 If not defined, then U-Boot assumes that SPD is on I2C bus 0.
1347 If defined, then this indicates the I2C bus number for the RTC.
1348 If not defined, then U-Boot assumes that RTC is on I2C bus 0.
1352 If defined, then this indicates the I2C bus number for the DTT.
1353 If not defined, then U-Boot assumes that DTT is on I2C bus 0.
1357 Define this option if you want to use Freescale's I2C driver in
1361 - SPI Support: CONFIG_SPI
1363 Enables SPI driver (so far only tested with
1364 SPI EEPROM, also an instance works with Crystal A/D and
1365 D/As on the SACSng board)
1369 Enables extended (16-bit) SPI EEPROM addressing.
1370 (symmetrical to CONFIG_I2C_X)
1374 Enables a software (bit-bang) SPI driver rather than
1375 using hardware support. This is a general purpose
1376 driver that only requires three general I/O port pins
1377 (two outputs, one input) to function. If this is
1378 defined, the board configuration must define several
1379 SPI configuration items (port pins to use, etc). For
1380 an example, see include/configs/sacsng.h.
1382 - FPGA Support: CONFIG_FPGA_COUNT
1384 Specify the number of FPGA devices to support.
1388 Used to specify the types of FPGA devices. For example,
1389 #define CONFIG_FPGA CFG_XILINX_VIRTEX2
1391 CFG_FPGA_PROG_FEEDBACK
1393 Enable printing of hash marks during FPGA configuration.
1397 Enable checks on FPGA configuration interface busy
1398 status by the configuration function. This option
1399 will require a board or device specific function to
1404 If defined, a function that provides delays in the FPGA
1405 configuration driver.
1407 CFG_FPGA_CHECK_CTRLC
1408 Allow Control-C to interrupt FPGA configuration
1410 CFG_FPGA_CHECK_ERROR
1412 Check for configuration errors during FPGA bitfile
1413 loading. For example, abort during Virtex II
1414 configuration if the INIT_B line goes low (which
1415 indicated a CRC error).
1419 Maximum time to wait for the INIT_B line to deassert
1420 after PROB_B has been deasserted during a Virtex II
1421 FPGA configuration sequence. The default time is 500
1426 Maximum time to wait for BUSY to deassert during
1427 Virtex II FPGA configuration. The default is 5 mS.
1429 CFG_FPGA_WAIT_CONFIG
1431 Time to wait after FPGA configuration. The default is
1434 - Configuration Management:
1437 If defined, this string will be added to the U-Boot
1438 version information (U_BOOT_VERSION)
1440 - Vendor Parameter Protection:
1442 U-Boot considers the values of the environment
1443 variables "serial#" (Board Serial Number) and
1444 "ethaddr" (Ethernet Address) to be parameters that
1445 are set once by the board vendor / manufacturer, and
1446 protects these variables from casual modification by
1447 the user. Once set, these variables are read-only,
1448 and write or delete attempts are rejected. You can
1449 change this behviour:
1451 If CONFIG_ENV_OVERWRITE is #defined in your config
1452 file, the write protection for vendor parameters is
1453 completely disabled. Anybody can change or delete
1456 Alternatively, if you #define _both_ CONFIG_ETHADDR
1457 _and_ CONFIG_OVERWRITE_ETHADDR_ONCE, a default
1458 ethernet address is installed in the environment,
1459 which can be changed exactly ONCE by the user. [The
1460 serial# is unaffected by this, i. e. it remains
1466 Define this variable to enable the reservation of
1467 "protected RAM", i. e. RAM which is not overwritten
1468 by U-Boot. Define CONFIG_PRAM to hold the number of
1469 kB you want to reserve for pRAM. You can overwrite
1470 this default value by defining an environment
1471 variable "pram" to the number of kB you want to
1472 reserve. Note that the board info structure will
1473 still show the full amount of RAM. If pRAM is
1474 reserved, a new environment variable "mem" will
1475 automatically be defined to hold the amount of
1476 remaining RAM in a form that can be passed as boot
1477 argument to Linux, for instance like that:
1479 setenv bootargs ... mem=\${mem}
1482 This way you can tell Linux not to use this memory,
1483 either, which results in a memory region that will
1484 not be affected by reboots.
1486 *WARNING* If your board configuration uses automatic
1487 detection of the RAM size, you must make sure that
1488 this memory test is non-destructive. So far, the
1489 following board configurations are known to be
1492 ETX094, IVMS8, IVML24, SPD8xx, TQM8xxL,
1493 HERMES, IP860, RPXlite, LWMON, LANTEC,
1494 PCU_E, FLAGADM, TQM8260
1499 Define this variable to stop the system in case of a
1500 fatal error, so that you have to reset it manually.
1501 This is probably NOT a good idea for an embedded
1502 system where you want to system to reboot
1503 automatically as fast as possible, but it may be
1504 useful during development since you can try to debug
1505 the conditions that lead to the situation.
1507 CONFIG_NET_RETRY_COUNT
1509 This variable defines the number of retries for
1510 network operations like ARP, RARP, TFTP, or BOOTP
1511 before giving up the operation. If not defined, a
1512 default value of 5 is used.
1514 - Command Interpreter:
1515 CONFIG_AUTO_COMPLETE
1517 Enable auto completion of commands using TAB.
1519 Note that this feature has NOT been implemented yet
1520 for the "hush" shell.
1525 Define this variable to enable the "hush" shell (from
1526 Busybox) as command line interpreter, thus enabling
1527 powerful command line syntax like
1528 if...then...else...fi conditionals or `&&' and '||'
1529 constructs ("shell scripts").
1531 If undefined, you get the old, much simpler behaviour
1532 with a somewhat smaller memory footprint.
1537 This defines the secondary prompt string, which is
1538 printed when the command interpreter needs more input
1539 to complete a command. Usually "> ".
1543 In the current implementation, the local variables
1544 space and global environment variables space are
1545 separated. Local variables are those you define by
1546 simply typing `name=value'. To access a local
1547 variable later on, you have write `$name' or
1548 `${name}'; to execute the contents of a variable
1549 directly type `$name' at the command prompt.
1551 Global environment variables are those you use
1552 setenv/printenv to work with. To run a command stored
1553 in such a variable, you need to use the run command,
1554 and you must not use the '$' sign to access them.
1556 To store commands and special characters in a
1557 variable, please use double quotation marks
1558 surrounding the whole text of the variable, instead
1559 of the backslashes before semicolons and special
1562 - Commandline Editing and History:
1563 CONFIG_CMDLINE_EDITING
1565 Enable editiong and History functions for interactive
1566 commandline input operations
1568 - Default Environment:
1569 CONFIG_EXTRA_ENV_SETTINGS
1571 Define this to contain any number of null terminated
1572 strings (variable = value pairs) that will be part of
1573 the default environment compiled into the boot image.
1575 For example, place something like this in your
1576 board's config file:
1578 #define CONFIG_EXTRA_ENV_SETTINGS \
1582 Warning: This method is based on knowledge about the
1583 internal format how the environment is stored by the
1584 U-Boot code. This is NOT an official, exported
1585 interface! Although it is unlikely that this format
1586 will change soon, there is no guarantee either.
1587 You better know what you are doing here.
1589 Note: overly (ab)use of the default environment is
1590 discouraged. Make sure to check other ways to preset
1591 the environment like the autoscript function or the
1594 - DataFlash Support:
1595 CONFIG_HAS_DATAFLASH
1597 Defining this option enables DataFlash features and
1598 allows to read/write in Dataflash via the standard
1601 - SystemACE Support:
1604 Adding this option adds support for Xilinx SystemACE
1605 chips attached via some sort of local bus. The address
1606 of the chip must alsh be defined in the
1607 CFG_SYSTEMACE_BASE macro. For example:
1609 #define CONFIG_SYSTEMACE
1610 #define CFG_SYSTEMACE_BASE 0xf0000000
1612 When SystemACE support is added, the "ace" device type
1613 becomes available to the fat commands, i.e. fatls.
1615 - TFTP Fixed UDP Port:
1618 If this is defined, the environment variable tftpsrcp
1619 is used to supply the TFTP UDP source port value.
1620 If tftpsrcp isn't defined, the normal pseudo-random port
1621 number generator is used.
1623 Also, the environment variable tftpdstp is used to supply
1624 the TFTP UDP destination port value. If tftpdstp isn't
1625 defined, the normal port 69 is used.
1627 The purpose for tftpsrcp is to allow a TFTP server to
1628 blindly start the TFTP transfer using the pre-configured
1629 target IP address and UDP port. This has the effect of
1630 "punching through" the (Windows XP) firewall, allowing
1631 the remainder of the TFTP transfer to proceed normally.
1632 A better solution is to properly configure the firewall,
1633 but sometimes that is not allowed.
1635 - Show boot progress:
1636 CONFIG_SHOW_BOOT_PROGRESS
1638 Defining this option allows to add some board-
1639 specific code (calling a user-provided function
1640 "show_boot_progress(int)") that enables you to show
1641 the system's boot progress on some display (for
1642 example, some LED's) on your board. At the moment,
1643 the following checkpoints are implemented:
1646 1 common/cmd_bootm.c before attempting to boot an image
1647 -1 common/cmd_bootm.c Image header has bad magic number
1648 2 common/cmd_bootm.c Image header has correct magic number
1649 -2 common/cmd_bootm.c Image header has bad checksum
1650 3 common/cmd_bootm.c Image header has correct checksum
1651 -3 common/cmd_bootm.c Image data has bad checksum
1652 4 common/cmd_bootm.c Image data has correct checksum
1653 -4 common/cmd_bootm.c Image is for unsupported architecture
1654 5 common/cmd_bootm.c Architecture check OK
1655 -5 common/cmd_bootm.c Wrong Image Type (not kernel, multi, standalone)
1656 6 common/cmd_bootm.c Image Type check OK
1657 -6 common/cmd_bootm.c gunzip uncompression error
1658 -7 common/cmd_bootm.c Unimplemented compression type
1659 7 common/cmd_bootm.c Uncompression OK
1660 -8 common/cmd_bootm.c Wrong Image Type (not kernel, multi, standalone)
1661 8 common/cmd_bootm.c Image Type check OK
1662 -9 common/cmd_bootm.c Unsupported OS (not Linux, BSD, VxWorks, QNX)
1663 9 common/cmd_bootm.c Start initial ramdisk verification
1664 -10 common/cmd_bootm.c Ramdisk header has bad magic number
1665 -11 common/cmd_bootm.c Ramdisk header has bad checksum
1666 10 common/cmd_bootm.c Ramdisk header is OK
1667 -12 common/cmd_bootm.c Ramdisk data has bad checksum
1668 11 common/cmd_bootm.c Ramdisk data has correct checksum
1669 12 common/cmd_bootm.c Ramdisk verification complete, start loading
1670 -13 common/cmd_bootm.c Wrong Image Type (not PPC Linux Ramdisk)
1671 13 common/cmd_bootm.c Start multifile image verification
1672 14 common/cmd_bootm.c No initial ramdisk, no multifile, continue.
1673 15 common/cmd_bootm.c All preparation done, transferring control to OS
1675 -30 lib_ppc/board.c Fatal error, hang the system
1676 -31 post/post.c POST test failed, detected by post_output_backlog()
1677 -32 post/post.c POST test failed, detected by post_run_single()
1679 34 common/cmd_doc.c before loading a Image from a DOC device
1680 -35 common/cmd_doc.c Bad usage of "doc" command
1681 35 common/cmd_doc.c correct usage of "doc" command
1682 -36 common/cmd_doc.c No boot device
1683 36 common/cmd_doc.c correct boot device
1684 -37 common/cmd_doc.c Unknown Chip ID on boot device
1685 37 common/cmd_doc.c correct chip ID found, device available
1686 -38 common/cmd_doc.c Read Error on boot device
1687 38 common/cmd_doc.c reading Image header from DOC device OK
1688 -39 common/cmd_doc.c Image header has bad magic number
1689 39 common/cmd_doc.c Image header has correct magic number
1690 -40 common/cmd_doc.c Error reading Image from DOC device
1691 40 common/cmd_doc.c Image header has correct magic number
1692 41 common/cmd_ide.c before loading a Image from a IDE device
1693 -42 common/cmd_ide.c Bad usage of "ide" command
1694 42 common/cmd_ide.c correct usage of "ide" command
1695 -43 common/cmd_ide.c No boot device
1696 43 common/cmd_ide.c boot device found
1697 -44 common/cmd_ide.c Device not available
1698 44 common/cmd_ide.c Device available
1699 -45 common/cmd_ide.c wrong partition selected
1700 45 common/cmd_ide.c partition selected
1701 -46 common/cmd_ide.c Unknown partition table
1702 46 common/cmd_ide.c valid partition table found
1703 -47 common/cmd_ide.c Invalid partition type
1704 47 common/cmd_ide.c correct partition type
1705 -48 common/cmd_ide.c Error reading Image Header on boot device
1706 48 common/cmd_ide.c reading Image Header from IDE device OK
1707 -49 common/cmd_ide.c Image header has bad magic number
1708 49 common/cmd_ide.c Image header has correct magic number
1709 -50 common/cmd_ide.c Image header has bad checksum
1710 50 common/cmd_ide.c Image header has correct checksum
1711 -51 common/cmd_ide.c Error reading Image from IDE device
1712 51 common/cmd_ide.c reading Image from IDE device OK
1713 52 common/cmd_nand.c before loading a Image from a NAND device
1714 -53 common/cmd_nand.c Bad usage of "nand" command
1715 53 common/cmd_nand.c correct usage of "nand" command
1716 -54 common/cmd_nand.c No boot device
1717 54 common/cmd_nand.c boot device found
1718 -55 common/cmd_nand.c Unknown Chip ID on boot device
1719 55 common/cmd_nand.c correct chip ID found, device available
1720 -56 common/cmd_nand.c Error reading Image Header on boot device
1721 56 common/cmd_nand.c reading Image Header from NAND device OK
1722 -57 common/cmd_nand.c Image header has bad magic number
1723 57 common/cmd_nand.c Image header has correct magic number
1724 -58 common/cmd_nand.c Error reading Image from NAND device
1725 58 common/cmd_nand.c reading Image from NAND device OK
1727 -60 common/env_common.c Environment has a bad CRC, using default
1729 64 net/eth.c starting with Ethernetconfiguration.
1730 -64 net/eth.c no Ethernet found.
1731 65 net/eth.c Ethernet found.
1733 -80 common/cmd_net.c usage wrong
1734 80 common/cmd_net.c before calling NetLoop()
1735 -81 common/cmd_net.c some error in NetLoop() occured
1736 81 common/cmd_net.c NetLoop() back without error
1737 -82 common/cmd_net.c size == 0 (File with size 0 loaded)
1738 82 common/cmd_net.c trying automatic boot
1739 83 common/cmd_net.c running autoscript
1740 -83 common/cmd_net.c some error in automatic boot or autoscript
1741 84 common/cmd_net.c end without errors
1746 [so far only for SMDK2400 and TRAB boards]
1748 - Modem support endable:
1749 CONFIG_MODEM_SUPPORT
1751 - RTS/CTS Flow control enable:
1754 - Modem debug support:
1755 CONFIG_MODEM_SUPPORT_DEBUG
1757 Enables debugging stuff (char screen[1024], dbg())
1758 for modem support. Useful only with BDI2000.
1760 - Interrupt support (PPC):
1762 There are common interrupt_init() and timer_interrupt()
1763 for all PPC archs. interrupt_init() calls interrupt_init_cpu()
1764 for cpu specific initialization. interrupt_init_cpu()
1765 should set decrementer_count to appropriate value. If
1766 cpu resets decrementer automatically after interrupt
1767 (ppc4xx) it should set decrementer_count to zero.
1768 timer_interrupt() calls timer_interrupt_cpu() for cpu
1769 specific handling. If board has watchdog / status_led
1770 / other_activity_monitor it works automatically from
1771 general timer_interrupt().
1775 In the target system modem support is enabled when a
1776 specific key (key combination) is pressed during
1777 power-on. Otherwise U-Boot will boot normally
1778 (autoboot). The key_pressed() fuction is called from
1779 board_init(). Currently key_pressed() is a dummy
1780 function, returning 1 and thus enabling modem
1783 If there are no modem init strings in the
1784 environment, U-Boot proceed to autoboot; the
1785 previous output (banner, info printfs) will be
1788 See also: doc/README.Modem
1791 Configuration Settings:
1792 -----------------------
1794 - CFG_LONGHELP: Defined when you want long help messages included;
1795 undefine this when you're short of memory.
1797 - CFG_PROMPT: This is what U-Boot prints on the console to
1798 prompt for user input.
1800 - CFG_CBSIZE: Buffer size for input from the Console
1802 - CFG_PBSIZE: Buffer size for Console output
1804 - CFG_MAXARGS: max. Number of arguments accepted for monitor commands
1806 - CFG_BARGSIZE: Buffer size for Boot Arguments which are passed to
1807 the application (usually a Linux kernel) when it is
1810 - CFG_BAUDRATE_TABLE:
1811 List of legal baudrate settings for this board.
1813 - CFG_CONSOLE_INFO_QUIET
1814 Suppress display of console information at boot.
1816 - CFG_CONSOLE_IS_IN_ENV
1817 If the board specific function
1818 extern int overwrite_console (void);
1819 returns 1, the stdin, stderr and stdout are switched to the
1820 serial port, else the settings in the environment are used.
1822 - CFG_CONSOLE_OVERWRITE_ROUTINE
1823 Enable the call to overwrite_console().
1825 - CFG_CONSOLE_ENV_OVERWRITE
1826 Enable overwrite of previous console environment settings.
1828 - CFG_MEMTEST_START, CFG_MEMTEST_END:
1829 Begin and End addresses of the area used by the
1833 Enable an alternate, more extensive memory test.
1835 - CFG_MEMTEST_SCRATCH:
1836 Scratch address used by the alternate memory test
1837 You only need to set this if address zero isn't writeable
1839 - CFG_TFTP_LOADADDR:
1840 Default load address for network file downloads
1842 - CFG_LOADS_BAUD_CHANGE:
1843 Enable temporary baudrate change while serial download
1846 Physical start address of SDRAM. _Must_ be 0 here.
1849 Physical start address of Motherboard I/O (if using a
1853 Physical start address of Flash memory.
1856 Physical start address of boot monitor code (set by
1857 make config files to be same as the text base address
1858 (TEXT_BASE) used when linking) - same as
1859 CFG_FLASH_BASE when booting from flash.
1862 Size of memory reserved for monitor code, used to
1863 determine _at_compile_time_ (!) if the environment is
1864 embedded within the U-Boot image, or in a separate
1868 Size of DRAM reserved for malloc() use.
1871 Normally compressed uImages are limited to an
1872 uncompressed size of 8 MBytes. If this is not enough,
1873 you can define CFG_BOOTM_LEN in your board config file
1874 to adjust this setting to your needs.
1877 Maximum size of memory mapped by the startup code of
1878 the Linux kernel; all data that must be processed by
1879 the Linux kernel (bd_info, boot arguments, eventually
1880 initrd image) must be put below this limit.
1882 - CFG_MAX_FLASH_BANKS:
1883 Max number of Flash memory banks
1885 - CFG_MAX_FLASH_SECT:
1886 Max number of sectors on a Flash chip
1888 - CFG_FLASH_ERASE_TOUT:
1889 Timeout for Flash erase operations (in ms)
1891 - CFG_FLASH_WRITE_TOUT:
1892 Timeout for Flash write operations (in ms)
1894 - CFG_FLASH_LOCK_TOUT
1895 Timeout for Flash set sector lock bit operation (in ms)
1897 - CFG_FLASH_UNLOCK_TOUT
1898 Timeout for Flash clear lock bits operation (in ms)
1900 - CFG_FLASH_PROTECTION
1901 If defined, hardware flash sectors protection is used
1902 instead of U-Boot software protection.
1904 - CFG_DIRECT_FLASH_TFTP:
1906 Enable TFTP transfers directly to flash memory;
1907 without this option such a download has to be
1908 performed in two steps: (1) download to RAM, and (2)
1909 copy from RAM to flash.
1911 The two-step approach is usually more reliable, since
1912 you can check if the download worked before you erase
1913 the flash, but in some situations (when sytem RAM is
1914 too limited to allow for a tempory copy of the
1915 downloaded image) this option may be very useful.
1918 Define if the flash driver uses extra elements in the
1919 common flash structure for storing flash geometry.
1921 - CFG_FLASH_CFI_DRIVER
1922 This option also enables the building of the cfi_flash driver
1923 in the drivers directory
1925 - CFG_FLASH_QUIET_TEST
1926 If this option is defined, the common CFI flash doesn't
1927 print it's warning upon not recognized FLASH banks. This
1928 is useful, if some of the configured banks are only
1929 optionally available.
1931 - CFG_RX_ETH_BUFFER:
1932 Defines the number of ethernet receive buffers. On some
1933 ethernet controllers it is recommended to set this value
1934 to 8 or even higher (EEPRO100 or 405 EMAC), since all
1935 buffers can be full shortly after enabling the interface
1936 on high ethernet traffic.
1937 Defaults to 4 if not defined.
1939 The following definitions that deal with the placement and management
1940 of environment data (variable area); in general, we support the
1941 following configurations:
1943 - CFG_ENV_IS_IN_FLASH:
1945 Define this if the environment is in flash memory.
1947 a) The environment occupies one whole flash sector, which is
1948 "embedded" in the text segment with the U-Boot code. This
1949 happens usually with "bottom boot sector" or "top boot
1950 sector" type flash chips, which have several smaller
1951 sectors at the start or the end. For instance, such a
1952 layout can have sector sizes of 8, 2x4, 16, Nx32 kB. In
1953 such a case you would place the environment in one of the
1954 4 kB sectors - with U-Boot code before and after it. With
1955 "top boot sector" type flash chips, you would put the
1956 environment in one of the last sectors, leaving a gap
1957 between U-Boot and the environment.
1961 Offset of environment data (variable area) to the
1962 beginning of flash memory; for instance, with bottom boot
1963 type flash chips the second sector can be used: the offset
1964 for this sector is given here.
1966 CFG_ENV_OFFSET is used relative to CFG_FLASH_BASE.
1970 This is just another way to specify the start address of
1971 the flash sector containing the environment (instead of
1974 - CFG_ENV_SECT_SIZE:
1976 Size of the sector containing the environment.
1979 b) Sometimes flash chips have few, equal sized, BIG sectors.
1980 In such a case you don't want to spend a whole sector for
1985 If you use this in combination with CFG_ENV_IS_IN_FLASH
1986 and CFG_ENV_SECT_SIZE, you can specify to use only a part
1987 of this flash sector for the environment. This saves
1988 memory for the RAM copy of the environment.
1990 It may also save flash memory if you decide to use this
1991 when your environment is "embedded" within U-Boot code,
1992 since then the remainder of the flash sector could be used
1993 for U-Boot code. It should be pointed out that this is
1994 STRONGLY DISCOURAGED from a robustness point of view:
1995 updating the environment in flash makes it always
1996 necessary to erase the WHOLE sector. If something goes
1997 wrong before the contents has been restored from a copy in
1998 RAM, your target system will be dead.
2000 - CFG_ENV_ADDR_REDUND
2003 These settings describe a second storage area used to hold
2004 a redundand copy of the environment data, so that there is
2005 a valid backup copy in case there is a power failure during
2006 a "saveenv" operation.
2008 BE CAREFUL! Any changes to the flash layout, and some changes to the
2009 source code will make it necessary to adapt <board>/u-boot.lds*
2013 - CFG_ENV_IS_IN_NVRAM:
2015 Define this if you have some non-volatile memory device
2016 (NVRAM, battery buffered SRAM) which you want to use for the
2022 These two #defines are used to determin the memory area you
2023 want to use for environment. It is assumed that this memory
2024 can just be read and written to, without any special
2027 BE CAREFUL! The first access to the environment happens quite early
2028 in U-Boot initalization (when we try to get the setting of for the
2029 console baudrate). You *MUST* have mappend your NVRAM area then, or
2032 Please note that even with NVRAM we still use a copy of the
2033 environment in RAM: we could work on NVRAM directly, but we want to
2034 keep settings there always unmodified except somebody uses "saveenv"
2035 to save the current settings.
2038 - CFG_ENV_IS_IN_EEPROM:
2040 Use this if you have an EEPROM or similar serial access
2041 device and a driver for it.
2046 These two #defines specify the offset and size of the
2047 environment area within the total memory of your EEPROM.
2049 - CFG_I2C_EEPROM_ADDR:
2050 If defined, specified the chip address of the EEPROM device.
2051 The default address is zero.
2053 - CFG_EEPROM_PAGE_WRITE_BITS:
2054 If defined, the number of bits used to address bytes in a
2055 single page in the EEPROM device. A 64 byte page, for example
2056 would require six bits.
2058 - CFG_EEPROM_PAGE_WRITE_DELAY_MS:
2059 If defined, the number of milliseconds to delay between
2060 page writes. The default is zero milliseconds.
2062 - CFG_I2C_EEPROM_ADDR_LEN:
2063 The length in bytes of the EEPROM memory array address. Note
2064 that this is NOT the chip address length!
2066 - CFG_I2C_EEPROM_ADDR_OVERFLOW:
2067 EEPROM chips that implement "address overflow" are ones
2068 like Catalyst 24WC04/08/16 which has 9/10/11 bits of
2069 address and the extra bits end up in the "chip address" bit
2070 slots. This makes a 24WC08 (1Kbyte) chip look like four 256
2073 Note that we consider the length of the address field to
2074 still be one byte because the extra address bits are hidden
2075 in the chip address.
2078 The size in bytes of the EEPROM device.
2081 - CFG_ENV_IS_IN_DATAFLASH:
2083 Define this if you have a DataFlash memory device which you
2084 want to use for the environment.
2090 These three #defines specify the offset and size of the
2091 environment area within the total memory of your DataFlash placed
2092 at the specified address.
2094 - CFG_ENV_IS_IN_NAND:
2096 Define this if you have a NAND device which you want to use
2097 for the environment.
2102 These two #defines specify the offset and size of the environment
2103 area within the first NAND device.
2105 - CFG_ENV_OFFSET_REDUND
2107 This setting describes a second storage area of CFG_ENV_SIZE
2108 size used to hold a redundant copy of the environment data,
2109 so that there is a valid backup copy in case there is a
2110 power failure during a "saveenv" operation.
2112 Note: CFG_ENV_OFFSET and CFG_ENV_OFFSET_REDUND must be aligned
2113 to a block boundary, and CFG_ENV_SIZE must be a multiple of
2114 the NAND devices block size.
2116 - CFG_SPI_INIT_OFFSET
2118 Defines offset to the initial SPI buffer area in DPRAM. The
2119 area is used at an early stage (ROM part) if the environment
2120 is configured to reside in the SPI EEPROM: We need a 520 byte
2121 scratch DPRAM area. It is used between the two initialization
2122 calls (spi_init_f() and spi_init_r()). A value of 0xB00 seems
2123 to be a good choice since it makes it far enough from the
2124 start of the data area as well as from the stack pointer.
2126 Please note that the environment is read-only as long as the monitor
2127 has been relocated to RAM and a RAM copy of the environment has been
2128 created; also, when using EEPROM you will have to use getenv_r()
2129 until then to read environment variables.
2131 The environment is protected by a CRC32 checksum. Before the monitor
2132 is relocated into RAM, as a result of a bad CRC you will be working
2133 with the compiled-in default environment - *silently*!!! [This is
2134 necessary, because the first environment variable we need is the
2135 "baudrate" setting for the console - if we have a bad CRC, we don't
2136 have any device yet where we could complain.]
2138 Note: once the monitor has been relocated, then it will complain if
2139 the default environment is used; a new CRC is computed as soon as you
2140 use the "saveenv" command to store a valid environment.
2142 - CFG_FAULT_ECHO_LINK_DOWN:
2143 Echo the inverted Ethernet link state to the fault LED.
2145 Note: If this option is active, then CFG_FAULT_MII_ADDR
2146 also needs to be defined.
2148 - CFG_FAULT_MII_ADDR:
2149 MII address of the PHY to check for the Ethernet link state.
2151 - CFG_64BIT_VSPRINTF:
2152 Makes vsprintf (and all *printf functions) support printing
2153 of 64bit values by using the L quantifier
2155 - CFG_64BIT_STRTOUL:
2156 Adds simple_strtoull that returns a 64bit value
2158 Low Level (hardware related) configuration options:
2159 ---------------------------------------------------
2161 - CFG_CACHELINE_SIZE:
2162 Cache Line Size of the CPU.
2165 Default address of the IMMR after system reset.
2167 Needed on some 8260 systems (MPC8260ADS, PQ2FADS-ZU,
2168 and RPXsuper) to be able to adjust the position of
2169 the IMMR register after a reset.
2171 - Floppy Disk Support:
2172 CFG_FDC_DRIVE_NUMBER
2174 the default drive number (default value 0)
2178 defines the spacing between fdc chipset registers
2183 defines the offset of register from address. It
2184 depends on which part of the data bus is connected to
2185 the fdc chipset. (default value 0)
2187 If CFG_ISA_IO_STRIDE CFG_ISA_IO_OFFSET and
2188 CFG_FDC_DRIVE_NUMBER are undefined, they take their
2191 if CFG_FDC_HW_INIT is defined, then the function
2192 fdc_hw_init() is called at the beginning of the FDC
2193 setup. fdc_hw_init() must be provided by the board
2194 source code. It is used to make hardware dependant
2197 - CFG_IMMR: Physical address of the Internal Memory.
2198 DO NOT CHANGE unless you know exactly what you're
2199 doing! (11-4) [MPC8xx/82xx systems only]
2201 - CFG_INIT_RAM_ADDR:
2203 Start address of memory area that can be used for
2204 initial data and stack; please note that this must be
2205 writable memory that is working WITHOUT special
2206 initialization, i. e. you CANNOT use normal RAM which
2207 will become available only after programming the
2208 memory controller and running certain initialization
2211 U-Boot uses the following memory types:
2212 - MPC8xx and MPC8260: IMMR (internal memory of the CPU)
2213 - MPC824X: data cache
2214 - PPC4xx: data cache
2216 - CFG_GBL_DATA_OFFSET:
2218 Offset of the initial data structure in the memory
2219 area defined by CFG_INIT_RAM_ADDR. Usually
2220 CFG_GBL_DATA_OFFSET is chosen such that the initial
2221 data is located at the end of the available space
2222 (sometimes written as (CFG_INIT_RAM_END -
2223 CFG_INIT_DATA_SIZE), and the initial stack is just
2224 below that area (growing from (CFG_INIT_RAM_ADDR +
2225 CFG_GBL_DATA_OFFSET) downward.
2228 On the MPC824X (or other systems that use the data
2229 cache for initial memory) the address chosen for
2230 CFG_INIT_RAM_ADDR is basically arbitrary - it must
2231 point to an otherwise UNUSED address space between
2232 the top of RAM and the start of the PCI space.
2234 - CFG_SIUMCR: SIU Module Configuration (11-6)
2236 - CFG_SYPCR: System Protection Control (11-9)
2238 - CFG_TBSCR: Time Base Status and Control (11-26)
2240 - CFG_PISCR: Periodic Interrupt Status and Control (11-31)
2242 - CFG_PLPRCR: PLL, Low-Power, and Reset Control Register (15-30)
2244 - CFG_SCCR: System Clock and reset Control Register (15-27)
2246 - CFG_OR_TIMING_SDRAM:
2250 periodic timer for refresh
2252 - CFG_DER: Debug Event Register (37-47)
2254 - FLASH_BASE0_PRELIM, FLASH_BASE1_PRELIM, CFG_REMAP_OR_AM,
2255 CFG_PRELIM_OR_AM, CFG_OR_TIMING_FLASH, CFG_OR0_REMAP,
2256 CFG_OR0_PRELIM, CFG_BR0_PRELIM, CFG_OR1_REMAP, CFG_OR1_PRELIM,
2258 Memory Controller Definitions: BR0/1 and OR0/1 (FLASH)
2260 - SDRAM_BASE2_PRELIM, SDRAM_BASE3_PRELIM, SDRAM_MAX_SIZE,
2261 CFG_OR_TIMING_SDRAM, CFG_OR2_PRELIM, CFG_BR2_PRELIM,
2262 CFG_OR3_PRELIM, CFG_BR3_PRELIM:
2263 Memory Controller Definitions: BR2/3 and OR2/3 (SDRAM)
2265 - CFG_MAMR_PTA, CFG_MPTPR_2BK_4K, CFG_MPTPR_1BK_4K, CFG_MPTPR_2BK_8K,
2266 CFG_MPTPR_1BK_8K, CFG_MAMR_8COL, CFG_MAMR_9COL:
2267 Machine Mode Register and Memory Periodic Timer
2268 Prescaler definitions (SDRAM timing)
2270 - CFG_I2C_UCODE_PATCH, CFG_I2C_DPMEM_OFFSET [0x1FC0]:
2271 enable I2C microcode relocation patch (MPC8xx);
2272 define relocation offset in DPRAM [DSP2]
2274 - CFG_SPI_UCODE_PATCH, CFG_SPI_DPMEM_OFFSET [0x1FC0]:
2275 enable SPI microcode relocation patch (MPC8xx);
2276 define relocation offset in DPRAM [SCC4]
2279 Use OSCM clock mode on MBX8xx board. Be careful,
2280 wrong setting might damage your board. Read
2281 doc/README.MBX before setting this variable!
2283 - CFG_CPM_POST_WORD_ADDR: (MPC8xx, MPC8260 only)
2284 Offset of the bootmode word in DPRAM used by post
2285 (Power On Self Tests). This definition overrides
2286 #define'd default value in commproc.h resp.
2289 - CFG_PCI_SLV_MEM_LOCAL, CFG_PCI_SLV_MEM_BUS, CFG_PICMR0_MASK_ATTRIB,
2290 CFG_PCI_MSTR0_LOCAL, CFG_PCIMSK0_MASK, CFG_PCI_MSTR1_LOCAL,
2291 CFG_PCIMSK1_MASK, CFG_PCI_MSTR_MEM_LOCAL, CFG_PCI_MSTR_MEM_BUS,
2292 CFG_CPU_PCI_MEM_START, CFG_PCI_MSTR_MEM_SIZE, CFG_POCMR0_MASK_ATTRIB,
2293 CFG_PCI_MSTR_MEMIO_LOCAL, CFG_PCI_MSTR_MEMIO_BUS, CPU_PCI_MEMIO_START,
2294 CFG_PCI_MSTR_MEMIO_SIZE, CFG_POCMR1_MASK_ATTRIB, CFG_PCI_MSTR_IO_LOCAL,
2295 CFG_PCI_MSTR_IO_BUS, CFG_CPU_PCI_IO_START, CFG_PCI_MSTR_IO_SIZE,
2296 CFG_POCMR2_MASK_ATTRIB: (MPC826x only)
2297 Overrides the default PCI memory map in cpu/mpc8260/pci.c if set.
2300 Get DDR timing information from an I2C EEPROM. Common with pluggable
2301 memory modules such as SODIMMs
2303 I2C address of the SPD EEPROM
2306 If SPD EEPROM is on an I2C bus other than the first one, specify here.
2307 Note that the value must resolve to something your driver can deal with.
2309 - CFG_83XX_DDR_USES_CS0
2310 Only for 83xx systems. If specified, then DDR should be configured
2311 using CS0 and CS1 instead of CS2 and CS3.
2313 - CFG_83XX_DDR_USES_CS0
2314 Only for 83xx systems. If specified, then DDR should be configured
2315 using CS0 and CS1 instead of CS2 and CS3.
2317 - CONFIG_ETHER_ON_FEC[12]
2318 Define to enable FEC[12] on a 8xx series processor.
2320 - CONFIG_FEC[12]_PHY
2321 Define to the hardcoded PHY address which corresponds
2322 to the given FEC; i. e.
2323 #define CONFIG_FEC1_PHY 4
2324 means that the PHY with address 4 is connected to FEC1
2326 When set to -1, means to probe for first available.
2328 - CONFIG_FEC[12]_PHY_NORXERR
2329 The PHY does not have a RXERR line (RMII only).
2330 (so program the FEC to ignore it).
2333 Enable RMII mode for all FECs.
2334 Note that this is a global option, we can't
2335 have one FEC in standard MII mode and another in RMII mode.
2337 - CONFIG_CRC32_VERIFY
2338 Add a verify option to the crc32 command.
2341 => crc32 -v <address> <count> <crc32>
2343 Where address/count indicate a memory area
2344 and crc32 is the correct crc32 which the
2348 Add the "loopw" memory command. This only takes effect if
2349 the memory commands are activated globally (CONFIG_CMD_MEM).
2352 Add the "mdc" and "mwc" memory commands. These are cyclic
2357 This command will print 4 bytes (10,11,12,13) each 500 ms.
2359 => mwc.l 100 12345678 10
2360 This command will write 12345678 to address 100 all 10 ms.
2362 This only takes effect if the memory commands are activated
2363 globally (CONFIG_CMD_MEM).
2365 - CONFIG_SKIP_LOWLEVEL_INIT
2366 - CONFIG_SKIP_RELOCATE_UBOOT
2368 [ARM only] If these variables are defined, then
2369 certain low level initializations (like setting up
2370 the memory controller) are omitted and/or U-Boot does
2371 not relocate itself into RAM.
2372 Normally these variables MUST NOT be defined. The
2373 only exception is when U-Boot is loaded (to RAM) by
2374 some other boot loader or by a debugger which
2375 performs these intializations itself.
2378 Building the Software:
2379 ======================
2381 Building U-Boot has been tested in native PPC environments (on a
2382 PowerBook G3 running LinuxPPC 2000) and in cross environments
2383 (running RedHat 6.x and 7.x Linux on x86, Solaris 2.6 on a SPARC, and
2386 If you are not using a native PPC environment, it is assumed that you
2387 have the GNU cross compiling tools available in your path and named
2388 with a prefix of "powerpc-linux-". If this is not the case, (e.g. if
2389 you are using Monta Vista's Hard Hat Linux CDK 1.2) you must change
2390 the definition of CROSS_COMPILE in Makefile. For HHL on a 4xx CPU,
2393 CROSS_COMPILE = ppc_4xx-
2396 U-Boot is intended to be simple to build. After installing the
2397 sources you must configure U-Boot for one specific board type. This
2402 where "NAME_config" is the name of one of the existing
2403 configurations; see the main Makefile for supported names.
2405 Note: for some board special configuration names may exist; check if
2406 additional information is available from the board vendor; for
2407 instance, the TQM823L systems are available without (standard)
2408 or with LCD support. You can select such additional "features"
2409 when chosing the configuration, i. e.
2412 - will configure for a plain TQM823L, i. e. no LCD support
2414 make TQM823L_LCD_config
2415 - will configure for a TQM823L with U-Boot console on LCD
2420 Finally, type "make all", and you should get some working U-Boot
2421 images ready for download to / installation on your system:
2423 - "u-boot.bin" is a raw binary image
2424 - "u-boot" is an image in ELF binary format
2425 - "u-boot.srec" is in Motorola S-Record format
2427 By default the build is performed locally and the objects are saved
2428 in the source directory. One of the two methods can be used to change
2429 this behavior and build U-Boot to some external directory:
2431 1. Add O= to the make command line invocations:
2433 make O=/tmp/build distclean
2434 make O=/tmp/build NAME_config
2435 make O=/tmp/build all
2437 2. Set environment variable BUILD_DIR to point to the desired location:
2439 export BUILD_DIR=/tmp/build
2444 Note that the command line "O=" setting overrides the BUILD_DIR environment
2448 Please be aware that the Makefiles assume you are using GNU make, so
2449 for instance on NetBSD you might need to use "gmake" instead of
2453 If the system board that you have is not listed, then you will need
2454 to port U-Boot to your hardware platform. To do this, follow these
2457 1. Add a new configuration option for your board to the toplevel
2458 "Makefile" and to the "MAKEALL" script, using the existing
2459 entries as examples. Note that here and at many other places
2460 boards and other names are listed in alphabetical sort order. Please
2462 2. Create a new directory to hold your board specific code. Add any
2463 files you need. In your board directory, you will need at least
2464 the "Makefile", a "<board>.c", "flash.c" and "u-boot.lds".
2465 3. Create a new configuration file "include/configs/<board>.h" for
2467 3. If you're porting U-Boot to a new CPU, then also create a new
2468 directory to hold your CPU specific code. Add any files you need.
2469 4. Run "make <board>_config" with your new name.
2470 5. Type "make", and you should get a working "u-boot.srec" file
2471 to be installed on your target system.
2472 6. Debug and solve any problems that might arise.
2473 [Of course, this last step is much harder than it sounds.]
2476 Testing of U-Boot Modifications, Ports to New Hardware, etc.:
2477 ==============================================================
2479 If you have modified U-Boot sources (for instance added a new board
2480 or support for new devices, a new CPU, etc.) you are expected to
2481 provide feedback to the other developers. The feedback normally takes
2482 the form of a "patch", i. e. a context diff against a certain (latest
2483 official or latest in CVS) version of U-Boot sources.
2485 But before you submit such a patch, please verify that your modifi-
2486 cation did not break existing code. At least make sure that *ALL* of
2487 the supported boards compile WITHOUT ANY compiler warnings. To do so,
2488 just run the "MAKEALL" script, which will configure and build U-Boot
2489 for ALL supported system. Be warned, this will take a while. You can
2490 select which (cross) compiler to use by passing a `CROSS_COMPILE'
2491 environment variable to the script, i. e. to use the cross tools from
2492 MontaVista's Hard Hat Linux you can type
2494 CROSS_COMPILE=ppc_8xx- MAKEALL
2496 or to build on a native PowerPC system you can type
2498 CROSS_COMPILE=' ' MAKEALL
2500 When using the MAKEALL script, the default behaviour is to build U-Boot
2501 in the source directory. This location can be changed by setting the
2502 BUILD_DIR environment variable. Also, for each target built, the MAKEALL
2503 script saves two log files (<target>.ERR and <target>.MAKEALL) in the
2504 <source dir>/LOG directory. This default location can be changed by
2505 setting the MAKEALL_LOGDIR environment variable. For example:
2507 export BUILD_DIR=/tmp/build
2508 export MAKEALL_LOGDIR=/tmp/log
2509 CROSS_COMPILE=ppc_8xx- MAKEALL
2511 With the above settings build objects are saved in the /tmp/build, log
2512 files are saved in the /tmp/log and the source tree remains clean during
2513 the whole build process.
2516 See also "U-Boot Porting Guide" below.
2519 Monitor Commands - Overview:
2520 ============================
2522 go - start application at address 'addr'
2523 run - run commands in an environment variable
2524 bootm - boot application image from memory
2525 bootp - boot image via network using BootP/TFTP protocol
2526 tftpboot- boot image via network using TFTP protocol
2527 and env variables "ipaddr" and "serverip"
2528 (and eventually "gatewayip")
2529 rarpboot- boot image via network using RARP/TFTP protocol
2530 diskboot- boot from IDE devicebootd - boot default, i.e., run 'bootcmd'
2531 loads - load S-Record file over serial line
2532 loadb - load binary file over serial line (kermit mode)
2534 mm - memory modify (auto-incrementing)
2535 nm - memory modify (constant address)
2536 mw - memory write (fill)
2538 cmp - memory compare
2539 crc32 - checksum calculation
2540 imd - i2c memory display
2541 imm - i2c memory modify (auto-incrementing)
2542 inm - i2c memory modify (constant address)
2543 imw - i2c memory write (fill)
2544 icrc32 - i2c checksum calculation
2545 iprobe - probe to discover valid I2C chip addresses
2546 iloop - infinite loop on address range
2547 isdram - print SDRAM configuration information
2548 sspi - SPI utility commands
2549 base - print or set address offset
2550 printenv- print environment variables
2551 setenv - set environment variables
2552 saveenv - save environment variables to persistent storage
2553 protect - enable or disable FLASH write protection
2554 erase - erase FLASH memory
2555 flinfo - print FLASH memory information
2556 bdinfo - print Board Info structure
2557 iminfo - print header information for application image
2558 coninfo - print console devices and informations
2559 ide - IDE sub-system
2560 loop - infinite loop on address range
2561 loopw - infinite write loop on address range
2562 mtest - simple RAM test
2563 icache - enable or disable instruction cache
2564 dcache - enable or disable data cache
2565 reset - Perform RESET of the CPU
2566 echo - echo args to console
2567 version - print monitor version
2568 help - print online help
2569 ? - alias for 'help'
2572 Monitor Commands - Detailed Description:
2573 ========================================
2577 For now: just type "help <command>".
2580 Environment Variables:
2581 ======================
2583 U-Boot supports user configuration using Environment Variables which
2584 can be made persistent by saving to Flash memory.
2586 Environment Variables are set using "setenv", printed using
2587 "printenv", and saved to Flash using "saveenv". Using "setenv"
2588 without a value can be used to delete a variable from the
2589 environment. As long as you don't save the environment you are
2590 working with an in-memory copy. In case the Flash area containing the
2591 environment is erased by accident, a default environment is provided.
2593 Some configuration options can be set using Environment Variables:
2595 baudrate - see CONFIG_BAUDRATE
2597 bootdelay - see CONFIG_BOOTDELAY
2599 bootcmd - see CONFIG_BOOTCOMMAND
2601 bootargs - Boot arguments when booting an RTOS image
2603 bootfile - Name of the image to load with TFTP
2605 autoload - if set to "no" (any string beginning with 'n'),
2606 "bootp" will just load perform a lookup of the
2607 configuration from the BOOTP server, but not try to
2608 load any image using TFTP
2610 autostart - if set to "yes", an image loaded using the "bootp",
2611 "rarpboot", "tftpboot" or "diskboot" commands will
2612 be automatically started (by internally calling
2615 If set to "no", a standalone image passed to the
2616 "bootm" command will be copied to the load address
2617 (and eventually uncompressed), but NOT be started.
2618 This can be used to load and uncompress arbitrary
2621 i2cfast - (PPC405GP|PPC405EP only)
2622 if set to 'y' configures Linux I2C driver for fast
2623 mode (400kHZ). This environment variable is used in
2624 initialization code. So, for changes to be effective
2625 it must be saved and board must be reset.
2627 initrd_high - restrict positioning of initrd images:
2628 If this variable is not set, initrd images will be
2629 copied to the highest possible address in RAM; this
2630 is usually what you want since it allows for
2631 maximum initrd size. If for some reason you want to
2632 make sure that the initrd image is loaded below the
2633 CFG_BOOTMAPSZ limit, you can set this environment
2634 variable to a value of "no" or "off" or "0".
2635 Alternatively, you can set it to a maximum upper
2636 address to use (U-Boot will still check that it
2637 does not overwrite the U-Boot stack and data).
2639 For instance, when you have a system with 16 MB
2640 RAM, and want to reserve 4 MB from use by Linux,
2641 you can do this by adding "mem=12M" to the value of
2642 the "bootargs" variable. However, now you must make
2643 sure that the initrd image is placed in the first
2644 12 MB as well - this can be done with
2646 setenv initrd_high 00c00000
2648 If you set initrd_high to 0xFFFFFFFF, this is an
2649 indication to U-Boot that all addresses are legal
2650 for the Linux kernel, including addresses in flash
2651 memory. In this case U-Boot will NOT COPY the
2652 ramdisk at all. This may be useful to reduce the
2653 boot time on your system, but requires that this
2654 feature is supported by your Linux kernel.
2656 ipaddr - IP address; needed for tftpboot command
2658 loadaddr - Default load address for commands like "bootp",
2659 "rarpboot", "tftpboot", "loadb" or "diskboot"
2661 loads_echo - see CONFIG_LOADS_ECHO
2663 serverip - TFTP server IP address; needed for tftpboot command
2665 bootretry - see CONFIG_BOOT_RETRY_TIME
2667 bootdelaykey - see CONFIG_AUTOBOOT_DELAY_STR
2669 bootstopkey - see CONFIG_AUTOBOOT_STOP_STR
2671 ethprime - When CONFIG_NET_MULTI is enabled controls which
2672 interface is used first.
2674 ethact - When CONFIG_NET_MULTI is enabled controls which
2675 interface is currently active. For example you
2676 can do the following
2678 => setenv ethact FEC ETHERNET
2679 => ping 192.168.0.1 # traffic sent on FEC ETHERNET
2680 => setenv ethact SCC ETHERNET
2681 => ping 10.0.0.1 # traffic sent on SCC ETHERNET
2683 netretry - When set to "no" each network operation will
2684 either succeed or fail without retrying.
2685 When set to "once" the network operation will
2686 fail when all the available network interfaces
2687 are tried once without success.
2688 Useful on scripts which control the retry operation
2691 tftpsrcport - If this is set, the value is used for TFTP's
2694 tftpdstport - If this is set, the value is used for TFTP's UDP
2695 destination port instead of the Well Know Port 69.
2697 vlan - When set to a value < 4095 the traffic over
2698 ethernet is encapsulated/received over 802.1q
2701 The following environment variables may be used and automatically
2702 updated by the network boot commands ("bootp" and "rarpboot"),
2703 depending the information provided by your boot server:
2705 bootfile - see above
2706 dnsip - IP address of your Domain Name Server
2707 dnsip2 - IP address of your secondary Domain Name Server
2708 gatewayip - IP address of the Gateway (Router) to use
2709 hostname - Target hostname
2711 netmask - Subnet Mask
2712 rootpath - Pathname of the root filesystem on the NFS server
2713 serverip - see above
2716 There are two special Environment Variables:
2718 serial# - contains hardware identification information such
2719 as type string and/or serial number
2720 ethaddr - Ethernet address
2722 These variables can be set only once (usually during manufacturing of
2723 the board). U-Boot refuses to delete or overwrite these variables
2724 once they have been set once.
2727 Further special Environment Variables:
2729 ver - Contains the U-Boot version string as printed
2730 with the "version" command. This variable is
2731 readonly (see CONFIG_VERSION_VARIABLE).
2734 Please note that changes to some configuration parameters may take
2735 only effect after the next boot (yes, that's just like Windoze :-).
2738 Command Line Parsing:
2739 =====================
2741 There are two different command line parsers available with U-Boot:
2742 the old "simple" one, and the much more powerful "hush" shell:
2744 Old, simple command line parser:
2745 --------------------------------
2747 - supports environment variables (through setenv / saveenv commands)
2748 - several commands on one line, separated by ';'
2749 - variable substitution using "... ${name} ..." syntax
2750 - special characters ('$', ';') can be escaped by prefixing with '\',
2752 setenv bootcmd bootm \${address}
2753 - You can also escape text by enclosing in single apostrophes, for example:
2754 setenv addip 'setenv bootargs $bootargs ip=$ipaddr:$serverip:$gatewayip:$netmask:$hostname::off'
2759 - similar to Bourne shell, with control structures like
2760 if...then...else...fi, for...do...done; while...do...done,
2761 until...do...done, ...
2762 - supports environment ("global") variables (through setenv / saveenv
2763 commands) and local shell variables (through standard shell syntax
2764 "name=value"); only environment variables can be used with "run"
2770 (1) If a command line (or an environment variable executed by a "run"
2771 command) contains several commands separated by semicolon, and
2772 one of these commands fails, then the remaining commands will be
2775 (2) If you execute several variables with one call to run (i. e.
2776 calling run with a list af variables as arguments), any failing
2777 command will cause "run" to terminate, i. e. the remaining
2778 variables are not executed.
2780 Note for Redundant Ethernet Interfaces:
2781 =======================================
2783 Some boards come with redundant ethernet interfaces; U-Boot supports
2784 such configurations and is capable of automatic selection of a
2785 "working" interface when needed. MAC assignment works as follows:
2787 Network interfaces are numbered eth0, eth1, eth2, ... Corresponding
2788 MAC addresses can be stored in the environment as "ethaddr" (=>eth0),
2789 "eth1addr" (=>eth1), "eth2addr", ...
2791 If the network interface stores some valid MAC address (for instance
2792 in SROM), this is used as default address if there is NO correspon-
2793 ding setting in the environment; if the corresponding environment
2794 variable is set, this overrides the settings in the card; that means:
2796 o If the SROM has a valid MAC address, and there is no address in the
2797 environment, the SROM's address is used.
2799 o If there is no valid address in the SROM, and a definition in the
2800 environment exists, then the value from the environment variable is
2803 o If both the SROM and the environment contain a MAC address, and
2804 both addresses are the same, this MAC address is used.
2806 o If both the SROM and the environment contain a MAC address, and the
2807 addresses differ, the value from the environment is used and a
2810 o If neither SROM nor the environment contain a MAC address, an error
2817 The "boot" commands of this monitor operate on "image" files which
2818 can be basicly anything, preceeded by a special header; see the
2819 definitions in include/image.h for details; basicly, the header
2820 defines the following image properties:
2822 * Target Operating System (Provisions for OpenBSD, NetBSD, FreeBSD,
2823 4.4BSD, Linux, SVR4, Esix, Solaris, Irix, SCO, Dell, NCR, VxWorks,
2824 LynxOS, pSOS, QNX, RTEMS, ARTOS;
2825 Currently supported: Linux, NetBSD, VxWorks, QNX, RTEMS, ARTOS, LynxOS).
2826 * Target CPU Architecture (Provisions for Alpha, ARM, AVR32, Intel x86,
2827 IA64, MIPS, NIOS, PowerPC, IBM S390, SuperH, Sparc, Sparc 64 Bit;
2828 Currently supported: ARM, AVR32, Intel x86, MIPS, NIOS, PowerPC).
2829 * Compression Type (uncompressed, gzip, bzip2)
2835 The header is marked by a special Magic Number, and both the header
2836 and the data portions of the image are secured against corruption by
2843 Although U-Boot should support any OS or standalone application
2844 easily, the main focus has always been on Linux during the design of
2847 U-Boot includes many features that so far have been part of some
2848 special "boot loader" code within the Linux kernel. Also, any
2849 "initrd" images to be used are no longer part of one big Linux image;
2850 instead, kernel and "initrd" are separate images. This implementation
2851 serves several purposes:
2853 - the same features can be used for other OS or standalone
2854 applications (for instance: using compressed images to reduce the
2855 Flash memory footprint)
2857 - it becomes much easier to port new Linux kernel versions because
2858 lots of low-level, hardware dependent stuff are done by U-Boot
2860 - the same Linux kernel image can now be used with different "initrd"
2861 images; of course this also means that different kernel images can
2862 be run with the same "initrd". This makes testing easier (you don't
2863 have to build a new "zImage.initrd" Linux image when you just
2864 change a file in your "initrd"). Also, a field-upgrade of the
2865 software is easier now.
2871 Porting Linux to U-Boot based systems:
2872 ---------------------------------------
2874 U-Boot cannot save you from doing all the necessary modifications to
2875 configure the Linux device drivers for use with your target hardware
2876 (no, we don't intend to provide a full virtual machine interface to
2879 But now you can ignore ALL boot loader code (in arch/ppc/mbxboot).
2881 Just make sure your machine specific header file (for instance
2882 include/asm-ppc/tqm8xx.h) includes the same definition of the Board
2883 Information structure as we define in include/u-boot.h, and make
2884 sure that your definition of IMAP_ADDR uses the same value as your
2885 U-Boot configuration in CFG_IMMR.
2888 Configuring the Linux kernel:
2889 -----------------------------
2891 No specific requirements for U-Boot. Make sure you have some root
2892 device (initial ramdisk, NFS) for your target system.
2895 Building a Linux Image:
2896 -----------------------
2898 With U-Boot, "normal" build targets like "zImage" or "bzImage" are
2899 not used. If you use recent kernel source, a new build target
2900 "uImage" will exist which automatically builds an image usable by
2901 U-Boot. Most older kernels also have support for a "pImage" target,
2902 which was introduced for our predecessor project PPCBoot and uses a
2903 100% compatible format.
2912 The "uImage" build target uses a special tool (in 'tools/mkimage') to
2913 encapsulate a compressed Linux kernel image with header information,
2914 CRC32 checksum etc. for use with U-Boot. This is what we are doing:
2916 * build a standard "vmlinux" kernel image (in ELF binary format):
2918 * convert the kernel into a raw binary image:
2920 ${CROSS_COMPILE}-objcopy -O binary \
2921 -R .note -R .comment \
2922 -S vmlinux linux.bin
2924 * compress the binary image:
2928 * package compressed binary image for U-Boot:
2930 mkimage -A ppc -O linux -T kernel -C gzip \
2931 -a 0 -e 0 -n "Linux Kernel Image" \
2932 -d linux.bin.gz uImage
2935 The "mkimage" tool can also be used to create ramdisk images for use
2936 with U-Boot, either separated from the Linux kernel image, or
2937 combined into one file. "mkimage" encapsulates the images with a 64
2938 byte header containing information about target architecture,
2939 operating system, image type, compression method, entry points, time
2940 stamp, CRC32 checksums, etc.
2942 "mkimage" can be called in two ways: to verify existing images and
2943 print the header information, or to build new images.
2945 In the first form (with "-l" option) mkimage lists the information
2946 contained in the header of an existing U-Boot image; this includes
2947 checksum verification:
2949 tools/mkimage -l image
2950 -l ==> list image header information
2952 The second form (with "-d" option) is used to build a U-Boot image
2953 from a "data file" which is used as image payload:
2955 tools/mkimage -A arch -O os -T type -C comp -a addr -e ep \
2956 -n name -d data_file image
2957 -A ==> set architecture to 'arch'
2958 -O ==> set operating system to 'os'
2959 -T ==> set image type to 'type'
2960 -C ==> set compression type 'comp'
2961 -a ==> set load address to 'addr' (hex)
2962 -e ==> set entry point to 'ep' (hex)
2963 -n ==> set image name to 'name'
2964 -d ==> use image data from 'datafile'
2966 Right now, all Linux kernels for PowerPC systems use the same load
2967 address (0x00000000), but the entry point address depends on the
2970 - 2.2.x kernels have the entry point at 0x0000000C,
2971 - 2.3.x and later kernels have the entry point at 0x00000000.
2973 So a typical call to build a U-Boot image would read:
2975 -> tools/mkimage -n '2.4.4 kernel for TQM850L' \
2976 > -A ppc -O linux -T kernel -C gzip -a 0 -e 0 \
2977 > -d /opt/elsk/ppc_8xx/usr/src/linux-2.4.4/arch/ppc/coffboot/vmlinux.gz \
2978 > examples/uImage.TQM850L
2979 Image Name: 2.4.4 kernel for TQM850L
2980 Created: Wed Jul 19 02:34:59 2000
2981 Image Type: PowerPC Linux Kernel Image (gzip compressed)
2982 Data Size: 335725 Bytes = 327.86 kB = 0.32 MB
2983 Load Address: 0x00000000
2984 Entry Point: 0x00000000
2986 To verify the contents of the image (or check for corruption):
2988 -> tools/mkimage -l examples/uImage.TQM850L
2989 Image Name: 2.4.4 kernel for TQM850L
2990 Created: Wed Jul 19 02:34:59 2000
2991 Image Type: PowerPC Linux Kernel Image (gzip compressed)
2992 Data Size: 335725 Bytes = 327.86 kB = 0.32 MB
2993 Load Address: 0x00000000
2994 Entry Point: 0x00000000
2996 NOTE: for embedded systems where boot time is critical you can trade
2997 speed for memory and install an UNCOMPRESSED image instead: this
2998 needs more space in Flash, but boots much faster since it does not
2999 need to be uncompressed:
3001 -> gunzip /opt/elsk/ppc_8xx/usr/src/linux-2.4.4/arch/ppc/coffboot/vmlinux.gz
3002 -> tools/mkimage -n '2.4.4 kernel for TQM850L' \
3003 > -A ppc -O linux -T kernel -C none -a 0 -e 0 \
3004 > -d /opt/elsk/ppc_8xx/usr/src/linux-2.4.4/arch/ppc/coffboot/vmlinux \
3005 > examples/uImage.TQM850L-uncompressed
3006 Image Name: 2.4.4 kernel for TQM850L
3007 Created: Wed Jul 19 02:34:59 2000
3008 Image Type: PowerPC Linux Kernel Image (uncompressed)
3009 Data Size: 792160 Bytes = 773.59 kB = 0.76 MB
3010 Load Address: 0x00000000
3011 Entry Point: 0x00000000
3014 Similar you can build U-Boot images from a 'ramdisk.image.gz' file
3015 when your kernel is intended to use an initial ramdisk:
3017 -> tools/mkimage -n 'Simple Ramdisk Image' \
3018 > -A ppc -O linux -T ramdisk -C gzip \
3019 > -d /LinuxPPC/images/SIMPLE-ramdisk.image.gz examples/simple-initrd
3020 Image Name: Simple Ramdisk Image
3021 Created: Wed Jan 12 14:01:50 2000
3022 Image Type: PowerPC Linux RAMDisk Image (gzip compressed)
3023 Data Size: 566530 Bytes = 553.25 kB = 0.54 MB
3024 Load Address: 0x00000000
3025 Entry Point: 0x00000000
3028 Installing a Linux Image:
3029 -------------------------
3031 To downloading a U-Boot image over the serial (console) interface,
3032 you must convert the image to S-Record format:
3034 objcopy -I binary -O srec examples/image examples/image.srec
3036 The 'objcopy' does not understand the information in the U-Boot
3037 image header, so the resulting S-Record file will be relative to
3038 address 0x00000000. To load it to a given address, you need to
3039 specify the target address as 'offset' parameter with the 'loads'
3042 Example: install the image to address 0x40100000 (which on the
3043 TQM8xxL is in the first Flash bank):
3045 => erase 40100000 401FFFFF
3051 ## Ready for S-Record download ...
3052 ~>examples/image.srec
3053 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 ...
3055 15989 15990 15991 15992
3056 [file transfer complete]
3058 ## Start Addr = 0x00000000
3061 You can check the success of the download using the 'iminfo' command;
3062 this includes a checksum verification so you can be sure no data
3063 corruption happened:
3067 ## Checking Image at 40100000 ...
3068 Image Name: 2.2.13 for initrd on TQM850L
3069 Image Type: PowerPC Linux Kernel Image (gzip compressed)
3070 Data Size: 335725 Bytes = 327 kB = 0 MB
3071 Load Address: 00000000
3072 Entry Point: 0000000c
3073 Verifying Checksum ... OK
3079 The "bootm" command is used to boot an application that is stored in
3080 memory (RAM or Flash). In case of a Linux kernel image, the contents
3081 of the "bootargs" environment variable is passed to the kernel as
3082 parameters. You can check and modify this variable using the
3083 "printenv" and "setenv" commands:
3086 => printenv bootargs
3087 bootargs=root=/dev/ram
3089 => setenv bootargs root=/dev/nfs rw nfsroot=10.0.0.2:/LinuxPPC nfsaddrs=10.0.0.99:10.0.0.2
3091 => printenv bootargs
3092 bootargs=root=/dev/nfs rw nfsroot=10.0.0.2:/LinuxPPC nfsaddrs=10.0.0.99:10.0.0.2
3095 ## Booting Linux kernel at 40020000 ...
3096 Image Name: 2.2.13 for NFS on TQM850L
3097 Image Type: PowerPC Linux Kernel Image (gzip compressed)
3098 Data Size: 381681 Bytes = 372 kB = 0 MB
3099 Load Address: 00000000
3100 Entry Point: 0000000c
3101 Verifying Checksum ... OK
3102 Uncompressing Kernel Image ... OK
3103 Linux version 2.2.13 (wd@denx.local.net) (gcc version 2.95.2 19991024 (release)) #1 Wed Jul 19 02:35:17 MEST 2000
3104 Boot arguments: root=/dev/nfs rw nfsroot=10.0.0.2:/LinuxPPC nfsaddrs=10.0.0.99:10.0.0.2
3105 time_init: decrementer frequency = 187500000/60
3106 Calibrating delay loop... 49.77 BogoMIPS
3107 Memory: 15208k available (700k kernel code, 444k data, 32k init) [c0000000,c1000000]
3110 If you want to boot a Linux kernel with initial ram disk, you pass
3111 the memory addresses of both the kernel and the initrd image (PPBCOOT
3112 format!) to the "bootm" command:
3114 => imi 40100000 40200000
3116 ## Checking Image at 40100000 ...
3117 Image Name: 2.2.13 for initrd on TQM850L
3118 Image Type: PowerPC Linux Kernel Image (gzip compressed)
3119 Data Size: 335725 Bytes = 327 kB = 0 MB
3120 Load Address: 00000000
3121 Entry Point: 0000000c
3122 Verifying Checksum ... OK
3124 ## Checking Image at 40200000 ...
3125 Image Name: Simple Ramdisk Image
3126 Image Type: PowerPC Linux RAMDisk Image (gzip compressed)
3127 Data Size: 566530 Bytes = 553 kB = 0 MB
3128 Load Address: 00000000
3129 Entry Point: 00000000
3130 Verifying Checksum ... OK
3132 => bootm 40100000 40200000
3133 ## Booting Linux kernel at 40100000 ...
3134 Image Name: 2.2.13 for initrd on TQM850L
3135 Image Type: PowerPC Linux Kernel Image (gzip compressed)
3136 Data Size: 335725 Bytes = 327 kB = 0 MB
3137 Load Address: 00000000
3138 Entry Point: 0000000c
3139 Verifying Checksum ... OK
3140 Uncompressing Kernel Image ... OK
3141 ## Loading RAMDisk Image at 40200000 ...
3142 Image Name: Simple Ramdisk Image
3143 Image Type: PowerPC Linux RAMDisk Image (gzip compressed)
3144 Data Size: 566530 Bytes = 553 kB = 0 MB
3145 Load Address: 00000000
3146 Entry Point: 00000000
3147 Verifying Checksum ... OK
3148 Loading Ramdisk ... OK
3149 Linux version 2.2.13 (wd@denx.local.net) (gcc version 2.95.2 19991024 (release)) #1 Wed Jul 19 02:32:08 MEST 2000
3150 Boot arguments: root=/dev/ram
3151 time_init: decrementer frequency = 187500000/60
3152 Calibrating delay loop... 49.77 BogoMIPS
3154 RAMDISK: Compressed image found at block 0
3155 VFS: Mounted root (ext2 filesystem).
3159 Boot Linux and pass a flat device tree:
3162 First, U-Boot must be compiled with the appropriate defines. See the section
3163 titled "Linux Kernel Interface" above for a more in depth explanation. The
3164 following is an example of how to start a kernel and pass an updated
3170 oft=oftrees/mpc8540ads.dtb
3171 => tftp $oftaddr $oft
3172 Speed: 1000, full duplex
3174 TFTP from server 192.168.1.1; our IP address is 192.168.1.101
3175 Filename 'oftrees/mpc8540ads.dtb'.
3176 Load address: 0x300000
3179 Bytes transferred = 4106 (100a hex)
3180 => tftp $loadaddr $bootfile
3181 Speed: 1000, full duplex
3183 TFTP from server 192.168.1.1; our IP address is 192.168.1.2
3185 Load address: 0x200000
3186 Loading:############
3188 Bytes transferred = 1029407 (fb51f hex)
3193 => bootm $loadaddr - $oftaddr
3194 ## Booting image at 00200000 ...
3195 Image Name: Linux-2.6.17-dirty
3196 Image Type: PowerPC Linux Kernel Image (gzip compressed)
3197 Data Size: 1029343 Bytes = 1005.2 kB
3198 Load Address: 00000000
3199 Entry Point: 00000000
3200 Verifying Checksum ... OK
3201 Uncompressing Kernel Image ... OK
3202 Booting using flat device tree at 0x300000
3203 Using MPC85xx ADS machine description
3204 Memory CAM mapping: CAM0=256Mb, CAM1=256Mb, CAM2=0Mb residual: 0Mb
3208 More About U-Boot Image Types:
3209 ------------------------------
3211 U-Boot supports the following image types:
3213 "Standalone Programs" are directly runnable in the environment
3214 provided by U-Boot; it is expected that (if they behave
3215 well) you can continue to work in U-Boot after return from
3216 the Standalone Program.
3217 "OS Kernel Images" are usually images of some Embedded OS which
3218 will take over control completely. Usually these programs
3219 will install their own set of exception handlers, device
3220 drivers, set up the MMU, etc. - this means, that you cannot
3221 expect to re-enter U-Boot except by resetting the CPU.
3222 "RAMDisk Images" are more or less just data blocks, and their
3223 parameters (address, size) are passed to an OS kernel that is
3225 "Multi-File Images" contain several images, typically an OS
3226 (Linux) kernel image and one or more data images like
3227 RAMDisks. This construct is useful for instance when you want
3228 to boot over the network using BOOTP etc., where the boot
3229 server provides just a single image file, but you want to get
3230 for instance an OS kernel and a RAMDisk image.
3232 "Multi-File Images" start with a list of image sizes, each
3233 image size (in bytes) specified by an "uint32_t" in network
3234 byte order. This list is terminated by an "(uint32_t)0".
3235 Immediately after the terminating 0 follow the images, one by
3236 one, all aligned on "uint32_t" boundaries (size rounded up to
3237 a multiple of 4 bytes).
3239 "Firmware Images" are binary images containing firmware (like
3240 U-Boot or FPGA images) which usually will be programmed to
3243 "Script files" are command sequences that will be executed by
3244 U-Boot's command interpreter; this feature is especially
3245 useful when you configure U-Boot to use a real shell (hush)
3246 as command interpreter.
3252 One of the features of U-Boot is that you can dynamically load and
3253 run "standalone" applications, which can use some resources of
3254 U-Boot like console I/O functions or interrupt services.
3256 Two simple examples are included with the sources:
3261 'examples/hello_world.c' contains a small "Hello World" Demo
3262 application; it is automatically compiled when you build U-Boot.
3263 It's configured to run at address 0x00040004, so you can play with it
3267 ## Ready for S-Record download ...
3268 ~>examples/hello_world.srec
3269 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 ...
3270 [file transfer complete]
3272 ## Start Addr = 0x00040004
3274 => go 40004 Hello World! This is a test.
3275 ## Starting application at 0x00040004 ...
3286 Hit any key to exit ...
3288 ## Application terminated, rc = 0x0
3290 Another example, which demonstrates how to register a CPM interrupt
3291 handler with the U-Boot code, can be found in 'examples/timer.c'.
3292 Here, a CPM timer is set up to generate an interrupt every second.
3293 The interrupt service routine is trivial, just printing a '.'
3294 character, but this is just a demo program. The application can be
3295 controlled by the following keys:
3297 ? - print current values og the CPM Timer registers
3298 b - enable interrupts and start timer
3299 e - stop timer and disable interrupts
3300 q - quit application
3303 ## Ready for S-Record download ...
3304 ~>examples/timer.srec
3305 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 ...
3306 [file transfer complete]
3308 ## Start Addr = 0x00040004
3311 ## Starting application at 0x00040004 ...
3314 tgcr @ 0xfff00980, tmr @ 0xfff00990, trr @ 0xfff00994, tcr @ 0xfff00998, tcn @ 0xfff0099c, ter @ 0xfff009b0
3317 [q, b, e, ?] Set interval 1000000 us
3320 [q, b, e, ?] ........
3321 tgcr=0x1, tmr=0xff1c, trr=0x3d09, tcr=0x0, tcn=0xef6, ter=0x0
3324 tgcr=0x1, tmr=0xff1c, trr=0x3d09, tcr=0x0, tcn=0x2ad4, ter=0x0
3327 tgcr=0x1, tmr=0xff1c, trr=0x3d09, tcr=0x0, tcn=0x1efc, ter=0x0
3330 tgcr=0x1, tmr=0xff1c, trr=0x3d09, tcr=0x0, tcn=0x169d, ter=0x0
3332 [q, b, e, ?] ...Stopping timer
3334 [q, b, e, ?] ## Application terminated, rc = 0x0
3340 Over time, many people have reported problems when trying to use the
3341 "minicom" terminal emulation program for serial download. I (wd)
3342 consider minicom to be broken, and recommend not to use it. Under
3343 Unix, I recommend to use C-Kermit for general purpose use (and
3344 especially for kermit binary protocol download ("loadb" command), and
3345 use "cu" for S-Record download ("loads" command).
3347 Nevertheless, if you absolutely want to use it try adding this
3348 configuration to your "File transfer protocols" section:
3350 Name Program Name U/D FullScr IO-Red. Multi
3351 X kermit /usr/bin/kermit -i -l %l -s Y U Y N N
3352 Y kermit /usr/bin/kermit -i -l %l -r N D Y N N
3358 Starting at version 0.9.2, U-Boot supports NetBSD both as host
3359 (build U-Boot) and target system (boots NetBSD/mpc8xx).
3361 Building requires a cross environment; it is known to work on
3362 NetBSD/i386 with the cross-powerpc-netbsd-1.3 package (you will also
3363 need gmake since the Makefiles are not compatible with BSD make).
3364 Note that the cross-powerpc package does not install include files;
3365 attempting to build U-Boot will fail because <machine/ansi.h> is
3366 missing. This file has to be installed and patched manually:
3368 # cd /usr/pkg/cross/powerpc-netbsd/include
3370 # ln -s powerpc machine
3371 # cp /usr/src/sys/arch/powerpc/include/ansi.h powerpc/ansi.h
3372 # ${EDIT} powerpc/ansi.h ## must remove __va_list, _BSD_VA_LIST
3374 Native builds *don't* work due to incompatibilities between native
3375 and U-Boot include files.
3377 Booting assumes that (the first part of) the image booted is a
3378 stage-2 loader which in turn loads and then invokes the kernel
3379 proper. Loader sources will eventually appear in the NetBSD source
3380 tree (probably in sys/arc/mpc8xx/stand/u-boot_stage2/); in the
3381 meantime, see ftp://ftp.denx.de/pub/u-boot/ppcboot_stage2.tar.gz
3384 Implementation Internals:
3385 =========================
3387 The following is not intended to be a complete description of every
3388 implementation detail. However, it should help to understand the
3389 inner workings of U-Boot and make it easier to port it to custom
3393 Initial Stack, Global Data:
3394 ---------------------------
3396 The implementation of U-Boot is complicated by the fact that U-Boot
3397 starts running out of ROM (flash memory), usually without access to
3398 system RAM (because the memory controller is not initialized yet).
3399 This means that we don't have writable Data or BSS segments, and BSS
3400 is not initialized as zero. To be able to get a C environment working
3401 at all, we have to allocate at least a minimal stack. Implementation
3402 options for this are defined and restricted by the CPU used: Some CPU
3403 models provide on-chip memory (like the IMMR area on MPC8xx and
3404 MPC826x processors), on others (parts of) the data cache can be
3405 locked as (mis-) used as memory, etc.
3407 Chris Hallinan posted a good summary of these issues to the
3408 u-boot-users mailing list:
3410 Subject: RE: [U-Boot-Users] RE: More On Memory Bank x (nothingness)?
3411 From: "Chris Hallinan" <clh@net1plus.com>
3412 Date: Mon, 10 Feb 2003 16:43:46 -0500 (22:43 MET)
3415 Correct me if I'm wrong, folks, but the way I understand it
3416 is this: Using DCACHE as initial RAM for Stack, etc, does not
3417 require any physical RAM backing up the cache. The cleverness
3418 is that the cache is being used as a temporary supply of
3419 necessary storage before the SDRAM controller is setup. It's
3420 beyond the scope of this list to expain the details, but you
3421 can see how this works by studying the cache architecture and
3422 operation in the architecture and processor-specific manuals.
3424 OCM is On Chip Memory, which I believe the 405GP has 4K. It
3425 is another option for the system designer to use as an
3426 initial stack/ram area prior to SDRAM being available. Either
3427 option should work for you. Using CS 4 should be fine if your
3428 board designers haven't used it for something that would
3429 cause you grief during the initial boot! It is frequently not
3432 CFG_INIT_RAM_ADDR should be somewhere that won't interfere
3433 with your processor/board/system design. The default value
3434 you will find in any recent u-boot distribution in
3435 walnut.h should work for you. I'd set it to a value larger
3436 than your SDRAM module. If you have a 64MB SDRAM module, set
3437 it above 400_0000. Just make sure your board has no resources
3438 that are supposed to respond to that address! That code in
3439 start.S has been around a while and should work as is when
3440 you get the config right.
3445 It is essential to remember this, since it has some impact on the C
3446 code for the initialization procedures:
3448 * Initialized global data (data segment) is read-only. Do not attempt
3451 * Do not use any unitialized global data (or implicitely initialized
3452 as zero data - BSS segment) at all - this is undefined, initiali-
3453 zation is performed later (when relocating to RAM).
3455 * Stack space is very limited. Avoid big data buffers or things like
3458 Having only the stack as writable memory limits means we cannot use
3459 normal global data to share information beween the code. But it
3460 turned out that the implementation of U-Boot can be greatly
3461 simplified by making a global data structure (gd_t) available to all
3462 functions. We could pass a pointer to this data as argument to _all_
3463 functions, but this would bloat the code. Instead we use a feature of
3464 the GCC compiler (Global Register Variables) to share the data: we
3465 place a pointer (gd) to the global data into a register which we
3466 reserve for this purpose.
3468 When choosing a register for such a purpose we are restricted by the
3469 relevant (E)ABI specifications for the current architecture, and by
3470 GCC's implementation.
3472 For PowerPC, the following registers have specific use:
3475 R3-R4: parameter passing and return values
3476 R5-R10: parameter passing
3477 R13: small data area pointer
3481 (U-Boot also uses R14 as internal GOT pointer.)
3483 ==> U-Boot will use R29 to hold a pointer to the global data
3485 Note: on PPC, we could use a static initializer (since the
3486 address of the global data structure is known at compile time),
3487 but it turned out that reserving a register results in somewhat
3488 smaller code - although the code savings are not that big (on
3489 average for all boards 752 bytes for the whole U-Boot image,
3490 624 text + 127 data).
3492 On ARM, the following registers are used:
3494 R0: function argument word/integer result
3495 R1-R3: function argument word
3497 R10: stack limit (used only if stack checking if enabled)
3498 R11: argument (frame) pointer
3499 R12: temporary workspace
3502 R15: program counter
3504 ==> U-Boot will use R8 to hold a pointer to the global data
3506 NOTE: DECLARE_GLOBAL_DATA_PTR must be used with file-global scope,
3507 or current versions of GCC may "optimize" the code too much.
3512 U-Boot runs in system state and uses physical addresses, i.e. the
3513 MMU is not used either for address mapping nor for memory protection.
3515 The available memory is mapped to fixed addresses using the memory
3516 controller. In this process, a contiguous block is formed for each
3517 memory type (Flash, SDRAM, SRAM), even when it consists of several
3518 physical memory banks.
3520 U-Boot is installed in the first 128 kB of the first Flash bank (on
3521 TQM8xxL modules this is the range 0x40000000 ... 0x4001FFFF). After
3522 booting and sizing and initializing DRAM, the code relocates itself
3523 to the upper end of DRAM. Immediately below the U-Boot code some
3524 memory is reserved for use by malloc() [see CFG_MALLOC_LEN
3525 configuration setting]. Below that, a structure with global Board
3526 Info data is placed, followed by the stack (growing downward).
3528 Additionally, some exception handler code is copied to the low 8 kB
3529 of DRAM (0x00000000 ... 0x00001FFF).
3531 So a typical memory configuration with 16 MB of DRAM could look like
3534 0x0000 0000 Exception Vector code
3537 0x0000 2000 Free for Application Use
3543 0x00FB FF20 Monitor Stack (Growing downward)
3544 0x00FB FFAC Board Info Data and permanent copy of global data
3545 0x00FC 0000 Malloc Arena
3548 0x00FE 0000 RAM Copy of Monitor Code
3549 ... eventually: LCD or video framebuffer
3550 ... eventually: pRAM (Protected RAM - unchanged by reset)
3551 0x00FF FFFF [End of RAM]
3554 System Initialization:
3555 ----------------------
3557 In the reset configuration, U-Boot starts at the reset entry point
3558 (on most PowerPC systens at address 0x00000100). Because of the reset
3559 configuration for CS0# this is a mirror of the onboard Flash memory.
3560 To be able to re-map memory U-Boot then jumps to its link address.
3561 To be able to implement the initialization code in C, a (small!)
3562 initial stack is set up in the internal Dual Ported RAM (in case CPUs
3563 which provide such a feature like MPC8xx or MPC8260), or in a locked
3564 part of the data cache. After that, U-Boot initializes the CPU core,
3565 the caches and the SIU.
3567 Next, all (potentially) available memory banks are mapped using a
3568 preliminary mapping. For example, we put them on 512 MB boundaries
3569 (multiples of 0x20000000: SDRAM on 0x00000000 and 0x20000000, Flash
3570 on 0x40000000 and 0x60000000, SRAM on 0x80000000). Then UPM A is
3571 programmed for SDRAM access. Using the temporary configuration, a
3572 simple memory test is run that determines the size of the SDRAM
3575 When there is more than one SDRAM bank, and the banks are of
3576 different size, the largest is mapped first. For equal size, the first
3577 bank (CS2#) is mapped first. The first mapping is always for address
3578 0x00000000, with any additional banks following immediately to create
3579 contiguous memory starting from 0.
3581 Then, the monitor installs itself at the upper end of the SDRAM area
3582 and allocates memory for use by malloc() and for the global Board
3583 Info data; also, the exception vector code is copied to the low RAM
3584 pages, and the final stack is set up.
3586 Only after this relocation will you have a "normal" C environment;
3587 until that you are restricted in several ways, mostly because you are
3588 running from ROM, and because the code will have to be relocated to a
3592 U-Boot Porting Guide:
3593 ----------------------
3595 [Based on messages by Jerry Van Baren in the U-Boot-Users mailing
3599 int main (int argc, char *argv[])
3601 sighandler_t no_more_time;
3603 signal (SIGALRM, no_more_time);
3604 alarm (PROJECT_DEADLINE - toSec (3 * WEEK));
3606 if (available_money > available_manpower) {
3607 pay consultant to port U-Boot;
3611 Download latest U-Boot source;
3613 Subscribe to u-boot-users mailing list;
3616 email ("Hi, I am new to U-Boot, how do I get started?");
3620 Read the README file in the top level directory;
3621 Read http://www.denx.de/twiki/bin/view/DULG/Manual ;
3622 Read the source, Luke;
3625 if (available_money > toLocalCurrency ($2500)) {
3628 Add a lot of aggravation and time;
3631 Create your own board support subdirectory;
3633 Create your own board config file;
3637 Add / modify source code;
3641 email ("Hi, I am having problems...");
3643 Send patch file to Wolfgang;
3648 void no_more_time (int sig)
3657 All contributions to U-Boot should conform to the Linux kernel
3658 coding style; see the file "Documentation/CodingStyle" and the script
3659 "scripts/Lindent" in your Linux kernel source directory. In sources
3660 originating from U-Boot a style corresponding to "Lindent -pcs" (adding
3661 spaces before parameters to function calls) is actually used.
3663 Source files originating from a different project (for example the
3664 MTD subsystem) are generally exempt from these guidelines and are not
3665 reformated to ease subsequent migration to newer versions of those
3668 Please note that U-Boot is implemented in C (and to some small parts in
3669 Assembler); no C++ is used, so please do not use C++ style comments (//)
3672 Please also stick to the following formatting rules:
3673 - remove any trailing white space
3674 - use TAB characters for indentation, not spaces
3675 - make sure NOT to use DOS '\r\n' line feeds
3676 - do not add more than 2 empty lines to source files
3677 - do not add trailing empty lines to source files
3679 Submissions which do not conform to the standards may be returned
3680 with a request to reformat the changes.
3686 Since the number of patches for U-Boot is growing, we need to
3687 establish some rules. Submissions which do not conform to these rules
3688 may be rejected, even when they contain important and valuable stuff.
3690 Patches shall be sent to the u-boot-users mailing list.
3692 When you send a patch, please include the following information with
3695 * For bug fixes: a description of the bug and how your patch fixes
3696 this bug. Please try to include a way of demonstrating that the
3697 patch actually fixes something.
3699 * For new features: a description of the feature and your
3702 * A CHANGELOG entry as plaintext (separate from the patch)
3704 * For major contributions, your entry to the CREDITS file
3706 * When you add support for a new board, don't forget to add this
3707 board to the MAKEALL script, too.
3709 * If your patch adds new configuration options, don't forget to
3710 document these in the README file.
3712 * The patch itself. If you are accessing the CVS repository use "cvs
3713 update; cvs diff -puRN"; else, use "diff -purN OLD NEW". If your
3714 version of diff does not support these options, then get the latest
3715 version of GNU diff.
3717 The current directory when running this command shall be the top
3718 level directory of the U-Boot source tree, or it's parent directory
3719 (i. e. please make sure that your patch includes sufficient
3720 directory information for the affected files).
3722 We accept patches as plain text, MIME attachments or as uuencoded
3725 * If one logical set of modifications affects or creates several
3726 files, all these changes shall be submitted in a SINGLE patch file.
3728 * Changesets that contain different, unrelated modifications shall be
3729 submitted as SEPARATE patches, one patch per changeset.
3734 * Before sending the patch, run the MAKEALL script on your patched
3735 source tree and make sure that no errors or warnings are reported
3736 for any of the boards.
3738 * Keep your modifications to the necessary minimum: A patch
3739 containing several unrelated changes or arbitrary reformats will be
3740 returned with a request to re-formatting / split it.
3742 * If you modify existing code, make sure that your new code does not
3743 add to the memory footprint of the code ;-) Small is beautiful!
3744 When adding new features, these should compile conditionally only
3745 (using #ifdef), and the resulting code with the new feature
3746 disabled must not need more memory than the old code without your
3749 * Remember that there is a size limit of 40 kB per message on the
3750 u-boot-users mailing list. Compression may help.
projects / platform / kernel / u-boot.git / blob