1 # SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0
9 # To see a list of typical targets execute "make help"
10 # More info can be located in ./README
11 # Comments in this file are targeted only to the developer, do not
12 # expect to learn how to build the kernel reading this file.
14 # That's our default target when none is given on the command line
18 # We are using a recursive build, so we need to do a little thinking
19 # to get the ordering right.
21 # Most importantly: sub-Makefiles should only ever modify files in
22 # their own directory. If in some directory we have a dependency on
23 # a file in another dir (which doesn't happen often, but it's often
24 # unavoidable when linking the built-in.a targets which finally
25 # turn into vmlinux), we will call a sub make in that other dir, and
26 # after that we are sure that everything which is in that other dir
29 # The only cases where we need to modify files which have global
30 # effects are thus separated out and done before the recursive
31 # descending is started. They are now explicitly listed as the
34 ifneq ($(sub_make_done),1)
36 # Do not use make's built-in rules and variables
37 # (this increases performance and avoids hard-to-debug behaviour)
40 # Avoid funny character set dependencies
44 export LC_COLLATE LC_NUMERIC
46 # Avoid interference with shell env settings
50 # ---------------------------------------------------------------------------
52 # Normally, we echo the whole command before executing it. By making
53 # that echo $($(quiet)$(cmd)), we now have the possibility to set
54 # $(quiet) to choose other forms of output instead, e.g.
56 # quiet_cmd_cc_o_c = Compiling $(RELDIR)/$@
57 # cmd_cc_o_c = $(CC) $(c_flags) -c -o $@ $<
59 # If $(quiet) is empty, the whole command will be printed.
60 # If it is set to "quiet_", only the short version will be printed.
61 # If it is set to "silent_", nothing will be printed at all, since
62 # the variable $(silent_cmd_cc_o_c) doesn't exist.
64 # A simple variant is to prefix commands with $(Q) - that's useful
65 # for commands that shall be hidden in non-verbose mode.
69 # If KBUILD_VERBOSE equals 0 then the above command will be hidden.
70 # If KBUILD_VERBOSE equals 1 then the above command is displayed.
72 # To put more focus on warnings, be less verbose as default
73 # Use 'make V=1' to see the full commands
75 ifeq ("$(origin V)", "command line")
82 ifeq ($(KBUILD_VERBOSE),1)
90 # If the user is running make -s (silent mode), suppress echoing of
93 ifneq ($(findstring s,$(filter-out --%,$(MAKEFLAGS))),)
97 export quiet Q KBUILD_VERBOSE
99 # Kbuild will save output files in the current working directory.
100 # This does not need to match to the root of the kernel source tree.
102 # For example, you can do this:
104 # cd /dir/to/store/output/files; make -f /dir/to/kernel/source/Makefile
106 # If you want to save output files in a different location, there are
107 # two syntaxes to specify it.
110 # Use "make O=dir/to/store/output/files/"
112 # 2) Set KBUILD_OUTPUT
113 # Set the environment variable KBUILD_OUTPUT to point to the output directory.
114 # export KBUILD_OUTPUT=dir/to/store/output/files/; make
116 # The O= assignment takes precedence over the KBUILD_OUTPUT environment
119 # Do we want to change the working directory?
120 ifeq ("$(origin O)", "command line")
121 KBUILD_OUTPUT := $(O)
124 ifneq ($(KBUILD_OUTPUT),)
125 # Make's built-in functions such as $(abspath ...), $(realpath ...) cannot
126 # expand a shell special character '~'. We use a somewhat tedious way here.
127 abs_objtree := $(shell mkdir -p $(KBUILD_OUTPUT) && cd $(KBUILD_OUTPUT) && pwd)
128 $(if $(abs_objtree),, \
129 $(error failed to create output directory "$(KBUILD_OUTPUT)"))
131 # $(realpath ...) resolves symlinks
132 abs_objtree := $(realpath $(abs_objtree))
134 abs_objtree := $(CURDIR)
135 endif # ifneq ($(KBUILD_OUTPUT),)
137 ifeq ($(abs_objtree),$(CURDIR))
138 # Suppress "Entering directory ..." unless we are changing the work directory.
139 MAKEFLAGS += --no-print-directory
144 abs_srctree := $(realpath $(dir $(lastword $(MAKEFILE_LIST))))
146 ifneq ($(words $(subst :, ,$(abs_srctree))), 1)
147 $(error source directory cannot contain spaces or colons)
150 ifneq ($(abs_srctree),$(abs_objtree))
151 # Look for make include files relative to root of kernel src
153 # This does not become effective immediately because MAKEFLAGS is re-parsed
154 # once after the Makefile is read. We need to invoke sub-make.
155 MAKEFLAGS += --include-dir=$(abs_srctree)
159 ifneq ($(filter 3.%,$(MAKE_VERSION)),)
160 # 'MAKEFLAGS += -rR' does not immediately become effective for GNU Make 3.x
161 # We need to invoke sub-make to avoid implicit rules in the top Makefile.
163 # Cancel implicit rules for this Makefile.
164 $(lastword $(MAKEFILE_LIST)): ;
167 export abs_srctree abs_objtree
168 export sub_make_done := 1
170 ifeq ($(need-sub-make),1)
172 PHONY += $(MAKECMDGOALS) sub-make
174 $(filter-out _all sub-make $(lastword $(MAKEFILE_LIST)), $(MAKECMDGOALS)) _all: sub-make
177 # Invoke a second make in the output directory, passing relevant variables
179 $(Q)$(MAKE) -C $(abs_objtree) -f $(abs_srctree)/Makefile $(MAKECMDGOALS)
181 endif # need-sub-make
182 endif # sub_make_done
184 # We process the rest of the Makefile if this is the final invocation of make
185 ifeq ($(need-sub-make),)
187 # Do not print "Entering directory ...",
188 # but we want to display it when entering to the output directory
189 # so that IDEs/editors are able to understand relative filenames.
190 MAKEFLAGS += --no-print-directory
192 # Call a source code checker (by default, "sparse") as part of the
195 # Use 'make C=1' to enable checking of only re-compiled files.
196 # Use 'make C=2' to enable checking of *all* source files, regardless
197 # of whether they are re-compiled or not.
199 # See the file "Documentation/dev-tools/sparse.rst" for more details,
200 # including where to get the "sparse" utility.
202 ifeq ("$(origin C)", "command line")
203 KBUILD_CHECKSRC = $(C)
205 ifndef KBUILD_CHECKSRC
209 # Use make M=dir to specify directory of external module to build
210 # Old syntax make ... SUBDIRS=$PWD is still supported
211 # Setting the environment variable KBUILD_EXTMOD take precedence
213 $(warning ================= WARNING ================)
214 $(warning 'SUBDIRS' will be removed after Linux 5.3)
216 $(warning If you are building an individual subdirectory)
217 $(warning in the kernel tree, you can do like this:)
218 $(warning $$ make path/to/dir/you/want/to/build/)
219 $(warning (Do not forget the trailing slash))
221 $(warning If you are building an external module,)
222 $(warning Please use 'M=' or 'KBUILD_EXTMOD' instead)
223 $(warning ==========================================)
224 KBUILD_EXTMOD ?= $(SUBDIRS)
227 ifeq ("$(origin M)", "command line")
228 KBUILD_EXTMOD := $(M)
231 export KBUILD_CHECKSRC KBUILD_EXTMOD
233 ifeq ($(abs_srctree),$(abs_objtree))
234 # building in the source tree
236 building_out_of_srctree :=
238 ifeq ($(abs_srctree)/,$(dir $(abs_objtree)))
239 # building in a subdirectory of the source tree
242 srctree := $(abs_srctree)
244 building_out_of_srctree := 1
247 ifneq ($(KBUILD_ABS_SRCTREE),)
248 srctree := $(abs_srctree)
254 export building_out_of_srctree srctree objtree VPATH
256 # To make sure we do not include .config for any of the *config targets
257 # catch them early, and hand them over to scripts/kconfig/Makefile
258 # It is allowed to specify more targets when calling make, including
259 # mixing *config targets and build targets.
260 # For example 'make oldconfig all'.
261 # Detect when mixed targets is specified, and make a second invocation
262 # of make so .config is not included in this case either (for *config).
264 version_h := include/generated/uapi/linux/version.h
265 old_version_h := include/linux/version.h
267 clean-targets := %clean mrproper cleandocs
268 no-dot-config-targets := $(clean-targets) \
269 cscope gtags TAGS tags help% %docs check% coccicheck \
270 $(version_h) headers headers_% archheaders archscripts \
271 %asm-generic kernelversion %src-pkg
272 no-sync-config-targets := $(no-dot-config-targets) install %install \
280 ifneq ($(filter $(no-dot-config-targets), $(MAKECMDGOALS)),)
281 ifeq ($(filter-out $(no-dot-config-targets), $(MAKECMDGOALS)),)
286 ifneq ($(filter $(no-sync-config-targets), $(MAKECMDGOALS)),)
287 ifeq ($(filter-out $(no-sync-config-targets), $(MAKECMDGOALS)),)
292 ifneq ($(KBUILD_EXTMOD),)
296 ifeq ($(KBUILD_EXTMOD),)
297 ifneq ($(filter config %config,$(MAKECMDGOALS)),)
299 ifneq ($(words $(MAKECMDGOALS)),1)
305 # For "make -j clean all", "make -j mrproper defconfig all", etc.
306 ifneq ($(filter $(clean-targets),$(MAKECMDGOALS)),)
307 ifneq ($(filter-out $(clean-targets),$(MAKECMDGOALS)),)
312 # install and modules_install need also be processed one by one
313 ifneq ($(filter install,$(MAKECMDGOALS)),)
314 ifneq ($(filter modules_install,$(MAKECMDGOALS)),)
319 ifeq ($(mixed-targets),1)
320 # ===========================================================================
321 # We're called with mixed targets (*config and build targets).
322 # Handle them one by one.
324 PHONY += $(MAKECMDGOALS) __build_one_by_one
326 $(filter-out __build_one_by_one, $(MAKECMDGOALS)): __build_one_by_one
331 for i in $(MAKECMDGOALS); do \
332 $(MAKE) -f $(srctree)/Makefile $$i; \
337 include scripts/Kbuild.include
339 # Read KERNELRELEASE from include/config/kernel.release (if it exists)
340 KERNELRELEASE = $(shell cat include/config/kernel.release 2> /dev/null)
341 KERNELVERSION = $(VERSION)$(if $(PATCHLEVEL),.$(PATCHLEVEL)$(if $(SUBLEVEL),.$(SUBLEVEL)))$(EXTRAVERSION)
342 export VERSION PATCHLEVEL SUBLEVEL KERNELRELEASE KERNELVERSION
344 include scripts/subarch.include
346 # Cross compiling and selecting different set of gcc/bin-utils
347 # ---------------------------------------------------------------------------
349 # When performing cross compilation for other architectures ARCH shall be set
350 # to the target architecture. (See arch/* for the possibilities).
351 # ARCH can be set during invocation of make:
353 # Another way is to have ARCH set in the environment.
354 # The default ARCH is the host where make is executed.
356 # CROSS_COMPILE specify the prefix used for all executables used
357 # during compilation. Only gcc and related bin-utils executables
358 # are prefixed with $(CROSS_COMPILE).
359 # CROSS_COMPILE can be set on the command line
360 # make CROSS_COMPILE=ia64-linux-
361 # Alternatively CROSS_COMPILE can be set in the environment.
362 # Default value for CROSS_COMPILE is not to prefix executables
363 # Note: Some architectures assign CROSS_COMPILE in their arch/*/Makefile
366 # Architecture as present in compile.h
367 UTS_MACHINE := $(ARCH)
370 # Additional ARCH settings for x86
374 ifeq ($(ARCH),x86_64)
378 # Additional ARCH settings for sparc
379 ifeq ($(ARCH),sparc32)
382 ifeq ($(ARCH),sparc64)
386 # Additional ARCH settings for sh
391 KCONFIG_CONFIG ?= .config
392 export KCONFIG_CONFIG
394 # SHELL used by kbuild
395 CONFIG_SHELL := $(shell if [ -x "$$BASH" ]; then echo $$BASH; \
396 else if [ -x /bin/bash ]; then echo /bin/bash; \
397 else echo sh; fi ; fi)
399 HOST_LFS_CFLAGS := $(shell getconf LFS_CFLAGS 2>/dev/null)
400 HOST_LFS_LDFLAGS := $(shell getconf LFS_LDFLAGS 2>/dev/null)
401 HOST_LFS_LIBS := $(shell getconf LFS_LIBS 2>/dev/null)
405 KBUILD_HOSTCFLAGS := -Wall -Wmissing-prototypes -Wstrict-prototypes -O2 \
406 -fomit-frame-pointer -std=gnu89 $(HOST_LFS_CFLAGS) \
408 KBUILD_HOSTCXXFLAGS := -O2 $(HOST_LFS_CFLAGS) $(HOSTCXXFLAGS)
409 KBUILD_HOSTLDFLAGS := $(HOST_LFS_LDFLAGS) $(HOSTLDFLAGS)
410 KBUILD_HOSTLDLIBS := $(HOST_LFS_LIBS) $(HOSTLDLIBS)
412 # Make variables (CC, etc...)
413 AS = $(CROSS_COMPILE)as
414 LD = $(CROSS_COMPILE)ld
415 CC = $(CROSS_COMPILE)gcc
417 AR = $(CROSS_COMPILE)ar
418 NM = $(CROSS_COMPILE)nm
419 STRIP = $(CROSS_COMPILE)strip
420 OBJCOPY = $(CROSS_COMPILE)objcopy
421 OBJDUMP = $(CROSS_COMPILE)objdump
422 OBJSIZE = $(CROSS_COMPILE)size
427 INSTALLKERNEL := installkernel
428 DEPMOD = /sbin/depmod
435 CHECKFLAGS := -D__linux__ -Dlinux -D__STDC__ -Dunix -D__unix__ \
436 -Wbitwise -Wno-return-void -Wno-unknown-attribute $(CF)
445 # Use USERINCLUDE when you must reference the UAPI directories only.
447 -I$(srctree)/arch/$(SRCARCH)/include/uapi \
448 -I$(objtree)/arch/$(SRCARCH)/include/generated/uapi \
449 -I$(srctree)/include/uapi \
450 -I$(objtree)/include/generated/uapi \
451 -include $(srctree)/include/linux/kconfig.h
453 # Use LINUXINCLUDE when you must reference the include/ directory.
454 # Needed to be compatible with the O= option
456 -I$(srctree)/arch/$(SRCARCH)/include \
457 -I$(objtree)/arch/$(SRCARCH)/include/generated \
458 $(if $(building_out_of_srctree),-I$(srctree)/include) \
459 -I$(objtree)/include \
462 KBUILD_AFLAGS := -D__ASSEMBLY__ -fno-PIE
463 KBUILD_CFLAGS := -Wall -Wundef -Werror=strict-prototypes -Wno-trigraphs \
464 -fno-strict-aliasing -fno-common -fshort-wchar -fno-PIE \
465 -Werror=implicit-function-declaration -Werror=implicit-int \
466 -Wno-format-security \
468 KBUILD_CPPFLAGS := -D__KERNEL__
469 KBUILD_AFLAGS_KERNEL :=
470 KBUILD_CFLAGS_KERNEL :=
471 KBUILD_AFLAGS_MODULE := -DMODULE
472 KBUILD_CFLAGS_MODULE := -DMODULE
473 KBUILD_LDFLAGS_MODULE := -T $(srctree)/scripts/module-common.lds
475 GCC_PLUGINS_CFLAGS :=
478 export ARCH SRCARCH CONFIG_SHELL HOSTCC KBUILD_HOSTCFLAGS CROSS_COMPILE AS LD CC
479 export CPP AR NM STRIP OBJCOPY OBJDUMP OBJSIZE PAHOLE LEX YACC AWK INSTALLKERNEL
480 export PERL PYTHON PYTHON2 PYTHON3 CHECK CHECKFLAGS MAKE UTS_MACHINE HOSTCXX
481 export KBUILD_HOSTCXXFLAGS KBUILD_HOSTLDFLAGS KBUILD_HOSTLDLIBS LDFLAGS_MODULE
483 export KBUILD_CPPFLAGS NOSTDINC_FLAGS LINUXINCLUDE OBJCOPYFLAGS KBUILD_LDFLAGS
484 export KBUILD_CFLAGS CFLAGS_KERNEL CFLAGS_MODULE
485 export CFLAGS_KASAN CFLAGS_KASAN_NOSANITIZE CFLAGS_UBSAN
486 export KBUILD_AFLAGS AFLAGS_KERNEL AFLAGS_MODULE
487 export KBUILD_AFLAGS_MODULE KBUILD_CFLAGS_MODULE KBUILD_LDFLAGS_MODULE
488 export KBUILD_AFLAGS_KERNEL KBUILD_CFLAGS_KERNEL
489 export KBUILD_ARFLAGS
491 # Files to ignore in find ... statements
493 export RCS_FIND_IGNORE := \( -name SCCS -o -name BitKeeper -o -name .svn -o \
494 -name CVS -o -name .pc -o -name .hg -o -name .git \) \
496 export RCS_TAR_IGNORE := --exclude SCCS --exclude BitKeeper --exclude .svn \
497 --exclude CVS --exclude .pc --exclude .hg --exclude .git
499 # ===========================================================================
500 # Rules shared between *config targets and build targets
502 # Basic helpers built in scripts/basic/
503 PHONY += scripts_basic
505 $(Q)$(MAKE) $(build)=scripts/basic
506 $(Q)rm -f .tmp_quiet_recordmcount
508 PHONY += outputmakefile
509 # outputmakefile generates a Makefile in the output directory, if using a
510 # separate output directory. This allows convenient use of make in the
512 # At the same time when output Makefile generated, generate .gitignore to
513 # ignore whole output directory
515 ifdef building_out_of_srctree
516 $(Q)ln -fsn $(srctree) source
517 $(Q)$(CONFIG_SHELL) $(srctree)/scripts/mkmakefile $(srctree)
518 $(Q)test -e .gitignore || \
519 { echo "# this is build directory, ignore it"; echo "*"; } > .gitignore
522 ifneq ($(shell $(CC) --version 2>&1 | head -n 1 | grep clang),)
523 ifneq ($(CROSS_COMPILE),)
524 CLANG_FLAGS += --target=$(notdir $(CROSS_COMPILE:%-=%))
525 GCC_TOOLCHAIN_DIR := $(dir $(shell which $(CROSS_COMPILE)elfedit))
526 CLANG_FLAGS += --prefix=$(GCC_TOOLCHAIN_DIR)
527 GCC_TOOLCHAIN := $(realpath $(GCC_TOOLCHAIN_DIR)/..)
529 ifneq ($(GCC_TOOLCHAIN),)
530 CLANG_FLAGS += --gcc-toolchain=$(GCC_TOOLCHAIN)
532 ifeq ($(shell $(AS) --version 2>&1 | head -n 1 | grep clang),)
533 CLANG_FLAGS += -no-integrated-as
535 CLANG_FLAGS += -Werror=unknown-warning-option
536 KBUILD_CFLAGS += $(CLANG_FLAGS)
537 KBUILD_AFLAGS += $(CLANG_FLAGS)
541 # The expansion should be delayed until arch/$(SRCARCH)/Makefile is included.
542 # Some architectures define CROSS_COMPILE in arch/$(SRCARCH)/Makefile.
543 # CC_VERSION_TEXT is referenced from Kconfig (so it needs export),
544 # and from include/config/auto.conf.cmd to detect the compiler upgrade.
545 CC_VERSION_TEXT = $(shell $(CC) --version 2>/dev/null | head -n 1)
547 ifeq ($(config-targets),1)
548 # ===========================================================================
549 # *config targets only - make sure prerequisites are updated, and descend
550 # in scripts/kconfig to make the *config target
552 # Read arch specific Makefile to set KBUILD_DEFCONFIG as needed.
553 # KBUILD_DEFCONFIG may point out an alternative default configuration
554 # used for 'make defconfig'
555 include arch/$(SRCARCH)/Makefile
556 export KBUILD_DEFCONFIG KBUILD_KCONFIG CC_VERSION_TEXT
558 config: scripts_basic outputmakefile FORCE
559 $(Q)$(MAKE) $(build)=scripts/kconfig $@
561 %config: scripts_basic outputmakefile FORCE
562 $(Q)$(MAKE) $(build)=scripts/kconfig $@
565 # ===========================================================================
566 # Build targets only - this includes vmlinux, arch specific targets, clean
567 # targets and others. In general all targets except *config targets.
569 # If building an external module we do not care about the all: rule
570 # but instead _all depend on modules
572 ifeq ($(KBUILD_EXTMOD),)
578 # Decide whether to build built-in, modular, or both.
579 # Normally, just do built-in.
584 # If we have only "make modules", don't compile built-in objects.
585 # When we're building modules with modversions, we need to consider
586 # the built-in objects during the descend as well, in order to
587 # make sure the checksums are up to date before we record them.
589 ifeq ($(MAKECMDGOALS),modules)
590 KBUILD_BUILTIN := $(if $(CONFIG_MODVERSIONS),1)
593 # If we have "make <whatever> modules", compile modules
594 # in addition to whatever we do anyway.
595 # Just "make" or "make all" shall build modules as well
597 ifneq ($(filter all _all modules,$(MAKECMDGOALS)),)
601 ifeq ($(MAKECMDGOALS),)
605 export KBUILD_MODULES KBUILD_BUILTIN
607 ifeq ($(dot-config),1)
608 include include/config/auto.conf
611 ifeq ($(KBUILD_EXTMOD),)
612 # Objects we will link into vmlinux / subdirs we need to visit
614 drivers-y := drivers/ sound/
615 drivers-$(CONFIG_SAMPLES) += samples/
616 drivers-$(CONFIG_KERNEL_HEADER_TEST) += include/
621 endif # KBUILD_EXTMOD
623 # The all: target is the default when no target is given on the
625 # This allow a user to issue only 'make' to build a kernel including modules
626 # Defaults to vmlinux, but the arch makefile usually adds further targets
629 CFLAGS_GCOV := -fprofile-arcs -ftest-coverage \
630 $(call cc-option,-fno-tree-loop-im) \
631 $(call cc-disable-warning,maybe-uninitialized,)
634 # The arch Makefiles can override CC_FLAGS_FTRACE. We may also append it later.
635 ifdef CONFIG_FUNCTION_TRACER
636 CC_FLAGS_FTRACE := -pg
639 RETPOLINE_CFLAGS_GCC := -mindirect-branch=thunk-extern -mindirect-branch-register
640 RETPOLINE_VDSO_CFLAGS_GCC := -mindirect-branch=thunk-inline -mindirect-branch-register
641 RETPOLINE_CFLAGS_CLANG := -mretpoline-external-thunk
642 RETPOLINE_VDSO_CFLAGS_CLANG := -mretpoline
643 RETPOLINE_CFLAGS := $(call cc-option,$(RETPOLINE_CFLAGS_GCC),$(call cc-option,$(RETPOLINE_CFLAGS_CLANG)))
644 RETPOLINE_VDSO_CFLAGS := $(call cc-option,$(RETPOLINE_VDSO_CFLAGS_GCC),$(call cc-option,$(RETPOLINE_VDSO_CFLAGS_CLANG)))
645 export RETPOLINE_CFLAGS
646 export RETPOLINE_VDSO_CFLAGS
648 # The arch Makefile can set ARCH_{CPP,A,C}FLAGS to override the default
649 # values of the respective KBUILD_* variables
653 include arch/$(SRCARCH)/Makefile
655 ifeq ($(dot-config),1)
656 ifeq ($(may-sync-config),1)
657 # Read in dependencies to all Kconfig* files, make sure to run syncconfig if
658 # changes are detected. This should be included after arch/$(SRCARCH)/Makefile
659 # because some architectures define CROSS_COMPILE there.
660 include include/config/auto.conf.cmd
664 @echo >&2 '*** Configuration file "$@" not found!'
666 @echo >&2 '*** Please run some configurator (e.g. "make oldconfig" or'
667 @echo >&2 '*** "make menuconfig" or "make xconfig").'
671 # The actual configuration files used during the build are stored in
672 # include/generated/ and include/config/. Update them if .config is newer than
673 # include/config/auto.conf (which mirrors .config).
675 # This exploits the 'multi-target pattern rule' trick.
676 # The syncconfig should be executed only once to make all the targets.
677 %/auto.conf %/auto.conf.cmd %/tristate.conf: $(KCONFIG_CONFIG)
678 $(Q)$(MAKE) -f $(srctree)/Makefile syncconfig
680 # External modules and some install targets need include/generated/autoconf.h
681 # and include/config/auto.conf but do not care if they are up-to-date.
682 # Use auto.conf to trigger the test
683 PHONY += include/config/auto.conf
685 include/config/auto.conf:
686 $(Q)test -e include/generated/autoconf.h -a -e $@ || ( \
688 echo >&2 " ERROR: Kernel configuration is invalid."; \
689 echo >&2 " include/generated/autoconf.h or $@ are missing.";\
690 echo >&2 " Run 'make oldconfig && make prepare' on kernel src to fix it."; \
694 endif # may-sync-config
695 endif # $(dot-config)
697 KBUILD_CFLAGS += $(call cc-option,-fno-delete-null-pointer-checks,)
698 KBUILD_CFLAGS += $(call cc-disable-warning,frame-address,)
699 KBUILD_CFLAGS += $(call cc-disable-warning, format-truncation)
700 KBUILD_CFLAGS += $(call cc-disable-warning, format-overflow)
701 KBUILD_CFLAGS += $(call cc-disable-warning, address-of-packed-member)
703 ifdef CONFIG_CC_OPTIMIZE_FOR_SIZE
709 ifdef CONFIG_CC_DISABLE_WARN_MAYBE_UNINITIALIZED
710 KBUILD_CFLAGS += -Wno-maybe-uninitialized
713 # Tell gcc to never replace conditional load with a non-conditional one
714 KBUILD_CFLAGS += $(call cc-option,--param=allow-store-data-races=0)
716 include scripts/Makefile.kcov
717 include scripts/Makefile.gcc-plugins
719 ifdef CONFIG_READABLE_ASM
720 # Disable optimizations that make assembler listings hard to read.
721 # reorder blocks reorders the control in the function
722 # ipa clone creates specialized cloned functions
723 # partial inlining inlines only parts of functions
724 KBUILD_CFLAGS += $(call cc-option,-fno-reorder-blocks,) \
725 $(call cc-option,-fno-ipa-cp-clone,) \
726 $(call cc-option,-fno-partial-inlining)
729 ifneq ($(CONFIG_FRAME_WARN),0)
730 KBUILD_CFLAGS += $(call cc-option,-Wframe-larger-than=${CONFIG_FRAME_WARN})
733 stackp-flags-$(CONFIG_CC_HAS_STACKPROTECTOR_NONE) := -fno-stack-protector
734 stackp-flags-$(CONFIG_STACKPROTECTOR) := -fstack-protector
735 stackp-flags-$(CONFIG_STACKPROTECTOR_STRONG) := -fstack-protector-strong
737 KBUILD_CFLAGS += $(stackp-flags-y)
739 ifdef CONFIG_CC_IS_CLANG
740 KBUILD_CPPFLAGS += -Qunused-arguments
741 KBUILD_CFLAGS += -Wno-format-invalid-specifier
742 KBUILD_CFLAGS += -Wno-gnu
743 # Quiet clang warning: comparison of unsigned expression < 0 is always false
744 KBUILD_CFLAGS += -Wno-tautological-compare
745 # CLANG uses a _MergedGlobals as optimization, but this breaks modpost, as the
746 # source of a reference will be _MergedGlobals and not on of the whitelisted names.
747 # See modpost pattern 2
748 KBUILD_CFLAGS += -mno-global-merge
751 # These warnings generated too much noise in a regular build.
752 # Use make W=1 to enable them (see scripts/Makefile.extrawarn)
753 KBUILD_CFLAGS += -Wno-unused-but-set-variable
756 KBUILD_CFLAGS += $(call cc-disable-warning, unused-const-variable)
757 ifdef CONFIG_FRAME_POINTER
758 KBUILD_CFLAGS += -fno-omit-frame-pointer -fno-optimize-sibling-calls
760 # Some targets (ARM with Thumb2, for example), can't be built with frame
761 # pointers. For those, we don't have FUNCTION_TRACER automatically
762 # select FRAME_POINTER. However, FUNCTION_TRACER adds -pg, and this is
763 # incompatible with -fomit-frame-pointer with current GCC, so we don't use
764 # -fomit-frame-pointer with FUNCTION_TRACER.
765 ifndef CONFIG_FUNCTION_TRACER
766 KBUILD_CFLAGS += -fomit-frame-pointer
770 # Initialize all stack variables with a pattern, if desired.
771 ifdef CONFIG_INIT_STACK_ALL
772 KBUILD_CFLAGS += -ftrivial-auto-var-init=pattern
775 DEBUG_CFLAGS := $(call cc-option, -fno-var-tracking-assignments)
777 ifdef CONFIG_DEBUG_INFO
778 ifdef CONFIG_DEBUG_INFO_SPLIT
779 DEBUG_CFLAGS += -gsplit-dwarf
783 KBUILD_AFLAGS += -Wa,-gdwarf-2
785 ifdef CONFIG_DEBUG_INFO_DWARF4
786 DEBUG_CFLAGS += -gdwarf-4
789 ifdef CONFIG_DEBUG_INFO_REDUCED
790 DEBUG_CFLAGS += $(call cc-option, -femit-struct-debug-baseonly) \
791 $(call cc-option,-fno-var-tracking)
794 KBUILD_CFLAGS += $(DEBUG_CFLAGS)
797 ifdef CONFIG_FUNCTION_TRACER
798 ifdef CONFIG_FTRACE_MCOUNT_RECORD
799 # gcc 5 supports generating the mcount tables directly
800 ifeq ($(call cc-option-yn,-mrecord-mcount),y)
801 CC_FLAGS_FTRACE += -mrecord-mcount
802 export CC_USING_RECORD_MCOUNT := 1
804 ifdef CONFIG_HAVE_NOP_MCOUNT
805 ifeq ($(call cc-option-yn, -mnop-mcount),y)
806 CC_FLAGS_FTRACE += -mnop-mcount
807 CC_FLAGS_USING += -DCC_USING_NOP_MCOUNT
811 ifdef CONFIG_HAVE_FENTRY
812 ifeq ($(call cc-option-yn, -mfentry),y)
813 CC_FLAGS_FTRACE += -mfentry
814 CC_FLAGS_USING += -DCC_USING_FENTRY
817 export CC_FLAGS_FTRACE
818 KBUILD_CFLAGS += $(CC_FLAGS_FTRACE) $(CC_FLAGS_USING)
819 KBUILD_AFLAGS += $(CC_FLAGS_USING)
820 ifdef CONFIG_DYNAMIC_FTRACE
821 ifdef CONFIG_HAVE_C_RECORDMCOUNT
822 BUILD_C_RECORDMCOUNT := y
823 export BUILD_C_RECORDMCOUNT
828 # We trigger additional mismatches with less inlining
829 ifdef CONFIG_DEBUG_SECTION_MISMATCH
830 KBUILD_CFLAGS += $(call cc-option, -fno-inline-functions-called-once)
833 ifdef CONFIG_LD_DEAD_CODE_DATA_ELIMINATION
834 KBUILD_CFLAGS_KERNEL += -ffunction-sections -fdata-sections
835 LDFLAGS_vmlinux += --gc-sections
838 ifdef CONFIG_LIVEPATCH
839 KBUILD_CFLAGS += $(call cc-option, -flive-patching=inline-clone)
842 # arch Makefile may override CC so keep this after arch Makefile is included
843 NOSTDINC_FLAGS += -nostdinc -isystem $(shell $(CC) -print-file-name=include)
845 # warn about C99 declaration after statement
846 KBUILD_CFLAGS += -Wdeclaration-after-statement
848 # Warn about unmarked fall-throughs in switch statement.
849 KBUILD_CFLAGS += $(call cc-option,-Wimplicit-fallthrough,)
851 # Variable Length Arrays (VLAs) should not be used anywhere in the kernel
852 KBUILD_CFLAGS += -Wvla
854 # disable pointer signed / unsigned warnings in gcc 4.0
855 KBUILD_CFLAGS += -Wno-pointer-sign
857 # disable stringop warnings in gcc 8+
858 KBUILD_CFLAGS += $(call cc-disable-warning, stringop-truncation)
860 # disable invalid "can't wrap" optimizations for signed / pointers
861 KBUILD_CFLAGS += $(call cc-option,-fno-strict-overflow)
863 # clang sets -fmerge-all-constants by default as optimization, but this
864 # is non-conforming behavior for C and in fact breaks the kernel, so we
865 # need to disable it here generally.
866 KBUILD_CFLAGS += $(call cc-option,-fno-merge-all-constants)
868 # for gcc -fno-merge-all-constants disables everything, but it is fine
869 # to have actual conforming behavior enabled.
870 KBUILD_CFLAGS += $(call cc-option,-fmerge-constants)
872 # Make sure -fstack-check isn't enabled (like gentoo apparently did)
873 KBUILD_CFLAGS += $(call cc-option,-fno-stack-check,)
875 # conserve stack if available
876 KBUILD_CFLAGS += $(call cc-option,-fconserve-stack)
878 # Prohibit date/time macros, which would make the build non-deterministic
879 KBUILD_CFLAGS += $(call cc-option,-Werror=date-time)
881 # enforce correct pointer usage
882 KBUILD_CFLAGS += $(call cc-option,-Werror=incompatible-pointer-types)
884 # Require designated initializers for all marked structures
885 KBUILD_CFLAGS += $(call cc-option,-Werror=designated-init)
887 # change __FILE__ to the relative path from the srctree
888 KBUILD_CFLAGS += $(call cc-option,-fmacro-prefix-map=$(srctree)/=)
890 # ensure -fcf-protection is disabled when using retpoline as it is
891 # incompatible with -mindirect-branch=thunk-extern
892 ifdef CONFIG_RETPOLINE
893 KBUILD_CFLAGS += $(call cc-option,-fcf-protection=none)
896 # use the deterministic mode of AR if available
897 KBUILD_ARFLAGS := $(call ar-option,D)
899 include scripts/Makefile.kasan
900 include scripts/Makefile.extrawarn
901 include scripts/Makefile.ubsan
903 # Add any arch overrides and user supplied CPPFLAGS, AFLAGS and CFLAGS as the
905 KBUILD_CPPFLAGS += $(ARCH_CPPFLAGS) $(KCPPFLAGS)
906 KBUILD_AFLAGS += $(ARCH_AFLAGS) $(KAFLAGS)
907 KBUILD_CFLAGS += $(ARCH_CFLAGS) $(KCFLAGS)
909 KBUILD_LDFLAGS_MODULE += --build-id
910 LDFLAGS_vmlinux += --build-id
912 ifeq ($(CONFIG_STRIP_ASM_SYMS),y)
913 LDFLAGS_vmlinux += $(call ld-option, -X,)
916 ifeq ($(CONFIG_RELR),y)
917 LDFLAGS_vmlinux += --pack-dyn-relocs=relr
920 # insure the checker run with the right endianness
921 CHECKFLAGS += $(if $(CONFIG_CPU_BIG_ENDIAN),-mbig-endian,-mlittle-endian)
923 # the checker needs the correct machine size
924 CHECKFLAGS += $(if $(CONFIG_64BIT),-m64,-m32)
926 # Default kernel image to build when no specific target is given.
927 # KBUILD_IMAGE may be overruled on the command line or
928 # set in the environment
929 # Also any assignments in arch/$(ARCH)/Makefile take precedence over
931 export KBUILD_IMAGE ?= vmlinux
934 # INSTALL_PATH specifies where to place the updated kernel and system map
935 # images. Default is /boot, but you can set it to other values
936 export INSTALL_PATH ?= /boot
939 # INSTALL_DTBS_PATH specifies a prefix for relocations required by build roots.
940 # Like INSTALL_MOD_PATH, it isn't defined in the Makefile, but can be passed as
941 # an argument if needed. Otherwise it defaults to the kernel install path
943 export INSTALL_DTBS_PATH ?= $(INSTALL_PATH)/dtbs/$(KERNELRELEASE)
946 # INSTALL_MOD_PATH specifies a prefix to MODLIB for module directory
947 # relocations required by build roots. This is not defined in the
948 # makefile but the argument can be passed to make if needed.
951 MODLIB = $(INSTALL_MOD_PATH)/lib/modules/$(KERNELRELEASE)
955 # INSTALL_MOD_STRIP, if defined, will cause modules to be
956 # stripped after they are installed. If INSTALL_MOD_STRIP is '1', then
957 # the default option --strip-debug will be used. Otherwise,
958 # INSTALL_MOD_STRIP value will be used as the options to the strip command.
960 ifdef INSTALL_MOD_STRIP
961 ifeq ($(INSTALL_MOD_STRIP),1)
962 mod_strip_cmd = $(STRIP) --strip-debug
964 mod_strip_cmd = $(STRIP) $(INSTALL_MOD_STRIP)
965 endif # INSTALL_MOD_STRIP=1
968 endif # INSTALL_MOD_STRIP
971 # CONFIG_MODULE_COMPRESS, if defined, will cause module to be compressed
972 # after they are installed in agreement with CONFIG_MODULE_COMPRESS_GZIP
973 # or CONFIG_MODULE_COMPRESS_XZ.
975 mod_compress_cmd = true
976 ifdef CONFIG_MODULE_COMPRESS
977 ifdef CONFIG_MODULE_COMPRESS_GZIP
978 mod_compress_cmd = gzip -n -f
979 endif # CONFIG_MODULE_COMPRESS_GZIP
980 ifdef CONFIG_MODULE_COMPRESS_XZ
981 mod_compress_cmd = xz -f
982 endif # CONFIG_MODULE_COMPRESS_XZ
983 endif # CONFIG_MODULE_COMPRESS
984 export mod_compress_cmd
986 ifdef CONFIG_MODULE_SIG_ALL
987 $(eval $(call config_filename,MODULE_SIG_KEY))
989 mod_sign_cmd = scripts/sign-file $(CONFIG_MODULE_SIG_HASH) $(MODULE_SIG_KEY_SRCPREFIX)$(CONFIG_MODULE_SIG_KEY) certs/signing_key.x509
995 HOST_LIBELF_LIBS = $(shell pkg-config libelf --libs 2>/dev/null || echo -lelf)
997 ifdef CONFIG_STACK_VALIDATION
998 has_libelf := $(call try-run,\
999 echo "int main() {}" | $(HOSTCC) -xc -o /dev/null $(HOST_LIBELF_LIBS) -,1,0)
1000 ifeq ($(has_libelf),1)
1001 objtool_target := tools/objtool FORCE
1003 SKIP_STACK_VALIDATION := 1
1004 export SKIP_STACK_VALIDATION
1010 export MODORDER := $(if $(KBUILD_EXTMOD),$(KBUILD_EXTMOD)/)modules.order
1012 ifeq ($(KBUILD_EXTMOD),)
1013 core-y += kernel/ certs/ mm/ fs/ ipc/ security/ crypto/ block/
1015 vmlinux-dirs := $(patsubst %/,%,$(filter %/, $(init-y) $(init-m) \
1016 $(core-y) $(core-m) $(drivers-y) $(drivers-m) \
1017 $(net-y) $(net-m) $(libs-y) $(libs-m) $(virt-y)))
1019 vmlinux-alldirs := $(sort $(vmlinux-dirs) Documentation \
1020 $(patsubst %/,%,$(filter %/, $(init-) $(core-) \
1021 $(drivers-) $(net-) $(libs-) $(virt-))))
1023 init-y := $(patsubst %/, %/built-in.a, $(init-y))
1024 core-y := $(patsubst %/, %/built-in.a, $(core-y))
1025 drivers-y := $(patsubst %/, %/built-in.a, $(drivers-y))
1026 net-y := $(patsubst %/, %/built-in.a, $(net-y))
1027 libs-y1 := $(patsubst %/, %/lib.a, $(libs-y))
1028 libs-y2 := $(patsubst %/, %/built-in.a, $(filter-out %.a, $(libs-y)))
1029 virt-y := $(patsubst %/, %/built-in.a, $(virt-y))
1031 # Externally visible symbols (used by link-vmlinux.sh)
1032 export KBUILD_VMLINUX_OBJS := $(head-y) $(init-y) $(core-y) $(libs-y2) \
1033 $(drivers-y) $(net-y) $(virt-y)
1034 export KBUILD_VMLINUX_LIBS := $(libs-y1)
1035 export KBUILD_LDS := arch/$(SRCARCH)/kernel/vmlinux.lds
1036 export LDFLAGS_vmlinux
1037 # used by scripts/package/Makefile
1038 export KBUILD_ALLDIRS := $(sort $(filter-out arch/%,$(vmlinux-alldirs)) LICENSES arch include scripts tools)
1040 vmlinux-deps := $(KBUILD_LDS) $(KBUILD_VMLINUX_OBJS) $(KBUILD_VMLINUX_LIBS)
1042 # Recurse until adjust_autoksyms.sh is satisfied
1043 PHONY += autoksyms_recursive
1044 ifdef CONFIG_TRIM_UNUSED_KSYMS
1045 autoksyms_recursive: $(vmlinux-deps) modules.order
1046 $(Q)$(CONFIG_SHELL) $(srctree)/scripts/adjust_autoksyms.sh \
1047 "$(MAKE) -f $(srctree)/Makefile vmlinux"
1050 # For the kernel to actually contain only the needed exported symbols,
1051 # we have to build modules as well to determine what those symbols are.
1052 # (this can be evaluated only once include/config/auto.conf has been included)
1053 ifdef CONFIG_TRIM_UNUSED_KSYMS
1057 autoksyms_h := $(if $(CONFIG_TRIM_UNUSED_KSYMS), include/generated/autoksyms.h)
1060 $(Q)mkdir -p $(dir $@)
1063 ARCH_POSTLINK := $(wildcard $(srctree)/arch/$(SRCARCH)/Makefile.postlink)
1065 # Final link of vmlinux with optional arch pass after final link
1066 cmd_link-vmlinux = \
1067 $(CONFIG_SHELL) $< $(LD) $(KBUILD_LDFLAGS) $(LDFLAGS_vmlinux) ; \
1068 $(if $(ARCH_POSTLINK), $(MAKE) -f $(ARCH_POSTLINK) $@, true)
1070 vmlinux: scripts/link-vmlinux.sh autoksyms_recursive $(vmlinux-deps) FORCE
1071 +$(call if_changed,link-vmlinux)
1075 # The actual objects are generated when descending,
1076 # make sure no implicit rule kicks in
1077 $(sort $(vmlinux-deps)): $(vmlinux-dirs) ;
1079 # Handle descending into subdirectories listed in $(vmlinux-dirs)
1080 # Preset locale variables to speed up the build process. Limit locale
1081 # tweaks to this spot to avoid wrong language settings when running
1082 # make menuconfig etc.
1083 # Error messages still appears in the original language
1085 PHONY += $(vmlinux-dirs)
1086 $(vmlinux-dirs): prepare
1087 $(Q)$(MAKE) $(build)=$@ need-builtin=1 need-modorder=1
1089 filechk_kernel.release = \
1090 echo "$(KERNELVERSION)$$($(CONFIG_SHELL) $(srctree)/scripts/setlocalversion $(srctree))"
1092 # Store (new) KERNELRELEASE string in include/config/kernel.release
1093 include/config/kernel.release: FORCE
1094 $(call filechk,kernel.release)
1096 # Additional helpers built in scripts/
1097 # Carefully list dependencies so we do not try to build scripts twice
1100 scripts: scripts_basic scripts_dtc
1101 $(Q)$(MAKE) $(build)=$(@)
1103 # Things we need to do before we recursively start building the kernel
1104 # or the modules are listed in "prepare".
1105 # A multi level approach is used. prepareN is processed before prepareN-1.
1106 # archprepare is used in arch Makefiles and when processed asm symlink,
1107 # version.h and scripts_basic is processed / created.
1109 PHONY += prepare archprepare prepare3
1111 # prepare3 is used to check if we are building in a separate output directory,
1113 # 1) Check that make has not been executed in the kernel src $(srctree)
1114 prepare3: include/config/kernel.release
1115 ifdef building_out_of_srctree
1116 @$(kecho) ' Using $(srctree) as source for kernel'
1117 $(Q)if [ -f $(srctree)/.config -o \
1118 -d $(srctree)/include/config -o \
1119 -d $(srctree)/arch/$(SRCARCH)/include/generated ]; then \
1120 echo >&2 " $(srctree) is not clean, please run 'make ARCH=$(ARCH) mrproper'"; \
1121 echo >&2 " in the '$(srctree)' directory.";\
1126 archprepare: archheaders archscripts scripts prepare3 outputmakefile \
1127 asm-generic $(version_h) $(autoksyms_h) include/generated/utsrelease.h
1129 prepare0: archprepare
1130 $(Q)$(MAKE) $(build)=scripts/mod
1131 $(Q)$(MAKE) $(build)=.
1133 # All the preparing..
1134 prepare: prepare0 prepare-objtool
1136 # Support for using generic headers in asm-generic
1137 asm-generic := -f $(srctree)/scripts/Makefile.asm-generic obj
1139 PHONY += asm-generic uapi-asm-generic
1140 asm-generic: uapi-asm-generic
1141 $(Q)$(MAKE) $(asm-generic)=arch/$(SRCARCH)/include/generated/asm \
1142 generic=include/asm-generic
1144 $(Q)$(MAKE) $(asm-generic)=arch/$(SRCARCH)/include/generated/uapi/asm \
1145 generic=include/uapi/asm-generic
1147 PHONY += prepare-objtool
1148 prepare-objtool: $(objtool_target)
1149 ifeq ($(SKIP_STACK_VALIDATION),1)
1150 ifdef CONFIG_UNWINDER_ORC
1151 @echo "error: Cannot generate ORC metadata for CONFIG_UNWINDER_ORC=y, please install libelf-dev, libelf-devel or elfutils-libelf-devel" >&2
1154 @echo "warning: Cannot use CONFIG_STACK_VALIDATION=y, please install libelf-dev, libelf-devel or elfutils-libelf-devel" >&2
1158 # Generate some files
1159 # ---------------------------------------------------------------------------
1161 # KERNELRELEASE can change from a few different places, meaning version.h
1162 # needs to be updated, so this check is forced on all builds
1165 define filechk_utsrelease.h
1166 if [ `echo -n "$(KERNELRELEASE)" | wc -c ` -gt $(uts_len) ]; then \
1167 echo '"$(KERNELRELEASE)" exceeds $(uts_len) characters' >&2; \
1170 echo \#define UTS_RELEASE \"$(KERNELRELEASE)\"
1173 define filechk_version.h
1174 echo \#define LINUX_VERSION_CODE $(shell \
1175 expr $(VERSION) \* 65536 + 0$(PATCHLEVEL) \* 256 + 0$(SUBLEVEL)); \
1176 echo '#define KERNEL_VERSION(a,b,c) (((a) << 16) + ((b) << 8) + (c))'
1180 $(call filechk,version.h)
1181 $(Q)rm -f $(old_version_h)
1183 include/generated/utsrelease.h: include/config/kernel.release FORCE
1184 $(call filechk,utsrelease.h)
1188 $(Q)find $(srctree)/include/ -name '*.h' | xargs --max-args 1 \
1189 $(srctree)/scripts/headerdep.pl -I$(srctree)/include
1191 # ---------------------------------------------------------------------------
1194 #Default location for installed headers
1195 export INSTALL_HDR_PATH = $(objtree)/usr
1197 quiet_cmd_headers_install = INSTALL $(INSTALL_HDR_PATH)/include
1198 cmd_headers_install = \
1199 mkdir -p $(INSTALL_HDR_PATH); \
1200 rsync -mrl --include='*/' --include='*\.h' --exclude='*' \
1201 usr/include $(INSTALL_HDR_PATH)
1203 PHONY += headers_install
1204 headers_install: headers
1205 $(call cmd,headers_install)
1207 PHONY += archheaders archscripts
1209 hdr-inst := -f $(srctree)/scripts/Makefile.headersinst obj
1212 headers: $(version_h) scripts_unifdef uapi-asm-generic archheaders archscripts
1213 $(if $(wildcard $(srctree)/arch/$(SRCARCH)/include/uapi/asm/Kbuild),, \
1214 $(error Headers not exportable for the $(SRCARCH) architecture))
1215 $(Q)$(MAKE) $(hdr-inst)=include/uapi
1216 $(Q)$(MAKE) $(hdr-inst)=arch/$(SRCARCH)/include/uapi
1218 PHONY += headers_check
1219 headers_check: headers
1220 $(Q)$(MAKE) $(hdr-inst)=include/uapi HDRCHECK=1
1221 $(Q)$(MAKE) $(hdr-inst)=arch/$(SRCARCH)/include/uapi HDRCHECK=1
1223 ifdef CONFIG_HEADERS_INSTALL
1227 ifdef CONFIG_HEADERS_CHECK
1231 PHONY += scripts_unifdef
1232 scripts_unifdef: scripts_basic
1233 $(Q)$(MAKE) $(build)=scripts scripts/unifdef
1235 # ---------------------------------------------------------------------------
1240 $(Q)$(MAKE) -C $(srctree)/tools/testing/selftests run_tests
1242 PHONY += kselftest-clean
1244 $(Q)$(MAKE) -C $(srctree)/tools/testing/selftests clean
1246 PHONY += kselftest-merge
1248 $(if $(wildcard $(objtree)/.config),, $(error No .config exists, config your kernel first!))
1249 $(Q)find $(srctree)/tools/testing/selftests -name config | \
1250 xargs $(srctree)/scripts/kconfig/merge_config.sh -m $(objtree)/.config
1251 +$(Q)$(MAKE) -f $(srctree)/Makefile olddefconfig
1253 # ---------------------------------------------------------------------------
1256 ifneq ($(wildcard $(srctree)/arch/$(SRCARCH)/boot/dts/),)
1257 dtstree := arch/$(SRCARCH)/boot/dts
1262 %.dtb: prepare3 scripts_dtc
1263 $(Q)$(MAKE) $(build)=$(dtstree) $(dtstree)/$@
1265 PHONY += dtbs dtbs_install dt_binding_check
1266 dtbs dtbs_check: prepare3 scripts_dtc
1267 $(Q)$(MAKE) $(build)=$(dtstree)
1269 dtbs_check: export CHECK_DTBS=1
1270 dtbs_check: dt_binding_check
1273 $(Q)$(MAKE) $(dtbinst)=$(dtstree)
1275 ifdef CONFIG_OF_EARLY_FLATTREE
1281 PHONY += scripts_dtc
1282 scripts_dtc: scripts_basic
1283 $(Q)$(MAKE) $(build)=scripts/dtc
1285 dt_binding_check: scripts_dtc
1286 $(Q)$(MAKE) $(build)=Documentation/devicetree/bindings
1288 # ---------------------------------------------------------------------------
1291 ifdef CONFIG_MODULES
1293 # By default, build modules as well
1299 # A module can be listed more than once in obj-m resulting in
1300 # duplicate lines in modules.order files. Those are removed
1301 # using awk while concatenating to the final file.
1304 modules: $(if $(KBUILD_BUILTIN),vmlinux) modules.order modules.builtin
1305 @$(kecho) ' Building modules, stage 2.';
1306 $(Q)$(MAKE) -f $(srctree)/scripts/Makefile.modpost
1307 $(Q)$(CONFIG_SHELL) $(srctree)/scripts/modules-check.sh
1309 modules.order: $(vmlinux-dirs)
1310 $(Q)$(AWK) '!x[$$0]++' $(addsuffix /$@, $(vmlinux-dirs)) > $@
1312 modbuiltin-dirs := $(addprefix _modbuiltin_, $(vmlinux-dirs))
1314 modules.builtin: $(modbuiltin-dirs)
1315 $(Q)$(AWK) '!x[$$0]++' $(addsuffix /$@, $(vmlinux-dirs)) > $@
1317 PHONY += $(modbuiltin-dirs)
1318 # tristate.conf is not included from this Makefile. Add it as a prerequisite
1319 # here to make it self-healing in case somebody accidentally removes it.
1320 $(modbuiltin-dirs): include/config/tristate.conf
1321 $(Q)$(MAKE) $(modbuiltin)=$(patsubst _modbuiltin_%,%,$@)
1323 # Target to prepare building external modules
1324 PHONY += modules_prepare
1325 modules_prepare: prepare
1327 # Target to install modules
1328 PHONY += modules_install
1329 modules_install: _modinst_ _modinst_post
1333 @rm -rf $(MODLIB)/kernel
1334 @rm -f $(MODLIB)/source
1335 @mkdir -p $(MODLIB)/kernel
1336 @ln -s $(abspath $(srctree)) $(MODLIB)/source
1337 @if [ ! $(objtree) -ef $(MODLIB)/build ]; then \
1338 rm -f $(MODLIB)/build ; \
1339 ln -s $(CURDIR) $(MODLIB)/build ; \
1341 @sed 's:^:kernel/:' modules.order > $(MODLIB)/modules.order
1342 @sed 's:^:kernel/:' modules.builtin > $(MODLIB)/modules.builtin
1343 @cp -f $(objtree)/modules.builtin.modinfo $(MODLIB)/
1344 $(Q)$(MAKE) -f $(srctree)/scripts/Makefile.modinst
1346 # This depmod is only for convenience to give the initial
1347 # boot a modules.dep even before / is mounted read-write. However the
1348 # boot script depmod is the master version.
1349 PHONY += _modinst_post
1350 _modinst_post: _modinst_
1353 ifeq ($(CONFIG_MODULE_SIG), y)
1354 PHONY += modules_sign
1356 $(Q)$(MAKE) -f $(srctree)/scripts/Makefile.modsign
1359 else # CONFIG_MODULES
1361 # Modules not configured
1362 # ---------------------------------------------------------------------------
1364 PHONY += modules modules_install
1365 modules modules_install:
1367 @echo >&2 "The present kernel configuration has modules disabled."
1368 @echo >&2 "Type 'make config' and enable loadable module support."
1369 @echo >&2 "Then build a kernel with module support enabled."
1373 endif # CONFIG_MODULES
1376 # Cleaning is done on three levels.
1377 # make clean Delete most generated files
1378 # Leave enough to build external modules
1379 # make mrproper Delete the current configuration, and all generated files
1380 # make distclean Remove editor backup files, patch leftover files and the like
1382 # Directories & files removed with 'make clean'
1383 CLEAN_DIRS += include/ksym
1384 CLEAN_FILES += modules.builtin.modinfo
1386 # Directories & files removed with 'make mrproper'
1387 MRPROPER_DIRS += include/config include/generated \
1388 arch/$(SRCARCH)/include/generated .tmp_objdiff
1389 MRPROPER_FILES += .config .config.old .version \
1391 signing_key.pem signing_key.priv signing_key.x509 \
1392 x509.genkey extra_certificates signing_key.x509.keyid \
1393 signing_key.x509.signer vmlinux-gdb.py
1395 # Directories & files removed with 'make distclean'
1397 DISTCLEAN_FILES += tags TAGS cscope* GPATH GTAGS GRTAGS GSYMS
1399 # clean - Delete most, but leave enough to build external modules
1401 clean: rm-dirs := $(CLEAN_DIRS)
1402 clean: rm-files := $(CLEAN_FILES)
1403 clean-dirs := $(addprefix _clean_, . $(vmlinux-alldirs))
1405 PHONY += $(clean-dirs) clean archclean vmlinuxclean
1407 $(Q)$(MAKE) $(clean)=$(patsubst _clean_%,%,$@)
1410 $(Q)$(CONFIG_SHELL) $(srctree)/scripts/link-vmlinux.sh clean
1411 $(Q)$(if $(ARCH_POSTLINK), $(MAKE) -f $(ARCH_POSTLINK) clean)
1413 clean: archclean vmlinuxclean
1415 # mrproper - Delete all generated files, including .config
1417 mrproper: rm-dirs := $(wildcard $(MRPROPER_DIRS))
1418 mrproper: rm-files := $(wildcard $(MRPROPER_FILES))
1419 mrproper-dirs := $(addprefix _mrproper_,scripts)
1421 PHONY += $(mrproper-dirs) mrproper
1423 $(Q)$(MAKE) $(clean)=$(patsubst _mrproper_%,%,$@)
1425 mrproper: clean $(mrproper-dirs)
1431 distclean: rm-dirs := $(wildcard $(DISTCLEAN_DIRS))
1432 distclean: rm-files := $(wildcard $(DISTCLEAN_FILES))
1439 @find $(srctree) $(RCS_FIND_IGNORE) \
1440 \( -name '*.orig' -o -name '*.rej' -o -name '*~' \
1441 -o -name '*.bak' -o -name '#*#' -o -name '*%' \
1442 -o -name 'core' \) \
1443 -type f -print | xargs rm -f
1446 # Packaging of the kernel to various formats
1447 # ---------------------------------------------------------------------------
1448 package-dir := scripts/package
1451 $(Q)$(MAKE) $(build)=$(package-dir) $@
1452 %pkg: include/config/kernel.release FORCE
1453 $(Q)$(MAKE) $(build)=$(package-dir) $@
1456 # Brief documentation of the typical targets used
1457 # ---------------------------------------------------------------------------
1459 boards := $(wildcard $(srctree)/arch/$(SRCARCH)/configs/*_defconfig)
1460 boards := $(sort $(notdir $(boards)))
1461 board-dirs := $(dir $(wildcard $(srctree)/arch/$(SRCARCH)/configs/*/*_defconfig))
1462 board-dirs := $(sort $(notdir $(board-dirs:/=)))
1466 @echo 'Cleaning targets:'
1467 @echo ' clean - Remove most generated files but keep the config and'
1468 @echo ' enough build support to build external modules'
1469 @echo ' mrproper - Remove all generated files + config + various backup files'
1470 @echo ' distclean - mrproper + remove editor backup and patch files'
1472 @echo 'Configuration targets:'
1473 @$(MAKE) -f $(srctree)/scripts/kconfig/Makefile help
1475 @echo 'Other generic targets:'
1476 @echo ' all - Build all targets marked with [*]'
1477 @echo '* vmlinux - Build the bare kernel'
1478 @echo '* modules - Build all modules'
1479 @echo ' modules_install - Install all modules to INSTALL_MOD_PATH (default: /)'
1480 @echo ' dir/ - Build all files in dir and below'
1481 @echo ' dir/file.[ois] - Build specified target only'
1482 @echo ' dir/file.ll - Build the LLVM assembly file'
1483 @echo ' (requires compiler support for LLVM assembly generation)'
1484 @echo ' dir/file.lst - Build specified mixed source/assembly target only'
1485 @echo ' (requires a recent binutils and recent build (System.map))'
1486 @echo ' dir/file.ko - Build module including final link'
1487 @echo ' modules_prepare - Set up for building external modules'
1488 @echo ' tags/TAGS - Generate tags file for editors'
1489 @echo ' cscope - Generate cscope index'
1490 @echo ' gtags - Generate GNU GLOBAL index'
1491 @echo ' kernelrelease - Output the release version string (use with make -s)'
1492 @echo ' kernelversion - Output the version stored in Makefile (use with make -s)'
1493 @echo ' image_name - Output the image name (use with make -s)'
1494 @echo ' headers_install - Install sanitised kernel headers to INSTALL_HDR_PATH'; \
1495 echo ' (default: $(INSTALL_HDR_PATH))'; \
1497 @echo 'Static analysers:'
1498 @echo ' checkstack - Generate a list of stack hogs'
1499 @echo ' namespacecheck - Name space analysis on compiled kernel'
1500 @echo ' versioncheck - Sanity check on version.h usage'
1501 @echo ' includecheck - Check for duplicate included header files'
1502 @echo ' export_report - List the usages of all exported symbols'
1503 @echo ' headers_check - Sanity check on exported headers'
1504 @echo ' headerdep - Detect inclusion cycles in headers'
1505 @echo ' coccicheck - Check with Coccinelle'
1507 @echo 'Kernel selftest:'
1508 @echo ' kselftest - Build and run kernel selftest (run as root)'
1509 @echo ' Build, install, and boot kernel before'
1510 @echo ' running kselftest on it'
1511 @echo ' kselftest-clean - Remove all generated kselftest files'
1512 @echo ' kselftest-merge - Merge all the config dependencies of kselftest to existing'
1516 echo 'Devicetree:'; \
1517 echo '* dtbs - Build device tree blobs for enabled boards'; \
1518 echo ' dtbs_install - Install dtbs to $(INSTALL_DTBS_PATH)'; \
1521 @echo 'Userspace tools targets:'
1522 @echo ' use "make tools/help"'
1523 @echo ' or "cd tools; make help"'
1525 @echo 'Kernel packaging:'
1526 @$(MAKE) $(build)=$(package-dir) help
1528 @echo 'Documentation targets:'
1529 @$(MAKE) -f $(srctree)/Documentation/Makefile dochelp
1531 @echo 'Architecture specific targets ($(SRCARCH)):'
1532 @$(if $(archhelp),$(archhelp),\
1533 echo ' No architecture specific help defined for $(SRCARCH)')
1536 $(foreach b, $(boards), \
1537 printf " %-24s - Build for %s\\n" $(b) $(subst _defconfig,,$(b));) \
1539 @$(if $(board-dirs), \
1540 $(foreach b, $(board-dirs), \
1541 printf " %-16s - Show %s-specific targets\\n" help-$(b) $(b);) \
1542 printf " %-16s - Show all of the above\\n" help-boards; \
1545 @echo ' make V=0|1 [targets] 0 => quiet build (default), 1 => verbose build'
1546 @echo ' make V=2 [targets] 2 => give reason for rebuild of target'
1547 @echo ' make O=dir [targets] Locate all output files in "dir", including .config'
1548 @echo ' make C=1 [targets] Check re-compiled c source with $$CHECK (sparse by default)'
1549 @echo ' make C=2 [targets] Force check of all c source with $$CHECK'
1550 @echo ' make RECORDMCOUNT_WARN=1 [targets] Warn about ignored mcount sections'
1551 @echo ' make W=n [targets] Enable extra gcc checks, n=1,2,3 where'
1552 @echo ' 1: warnings which may be relevant and do not occur too often'
1553 @echo ' 2: warnings which occur quite often but may still be relevant'
1554 @echo ' 3: more obscure warnings, can most likely be ignored'
1555 @echo ' Multiple levels can be combined with W=12 or W=123'
1557 @echo 'Execute "make" or "make all" to build all targets marked with [*] '
1558 @echo 'For further info see the ./README file'
1561 help-board-dirs := $(addprefix help-,$(board-dirs))
1563 help-boards: $(help-board-dirs)
1565 boards-per-dir = $(sort $(notdir $(wildcard $(srctree)/arch/$(SRCARCH)/configs/$*/*_defconfig)))
1567 $(help-board-dirs): help-%:
1568 @echo 'Architecture specific targets ($(SRCARCH) $*):'
1569 @$(if $(boards-per-dir), \
1570 $(foreach b, $(boards-per-dir), \
1571 printf " %-24s - Build for %s\\n" $*/$(b) $(subst _defconfig,,$(b));) \
1575 # Documentation targets
1576 # ---------------------------------------------------------------------------
1577 DOC_TARGETS := xmldocs latexdocs pdfdocs htmldocs epubdocs cleandocs \
1578 linkcheckdocs dochelp refcheckdocs
1579 PHONY += $(DOC_TARGETS)
1580 $(DOC_TARGETS): scripts_basic FORCE
1581 $(Q)$(MAKE) $(build)=Documentation $@
1584 # ---------------------------------------------------------------------------
1586 PHONY += scripts_gdb
1587 scripts_gdb: prepare0
1588 $(Q)$(MAKE) $(build)=scripts/gdb
1589 $(Q)ln -fsn $(abspath $(srctree)/scripts/gdb/vmlinux-gdb.py)
1591 ifdef CONFIG_GDB_SCRIPTS
1595 else # KBUILD_EXTMOD
1598 # External module support.
1599 # When building external modules the kernel used as basis is considered
1600 # read-only, and no consistency checks are made and the make
1601 # system is not used on the basis kernel. If updates are required
1602 # in the basis kernel ordinary make commands (without M=...) must
1605 # The following are the only valid targets when building external
1607 # make M=dir clean Delete all automatically generated files
1608 # make M=dir modules Make all modules in specified dir
1609 # make M=dir Same as 'make M=dir modules'
1610 # make M=dir modules_install
1611 # Install the modules built in the module directory
1612 # Assumes install directory is already created
1614 # We are always building modules
1617 PHONY += $(objtree)/Module.symvers
1618 $(objtree)/Module.symvers:
1619 @test -e $(objtree)/Module.symvers || ( \
1621 echo " WARNING: Symbol version dump $(objtree)/Module.symvers"; \
1622 echo " is missing; modules will have no dependencies and modversions."; \
1625 module-dirs := $(addprefix _module_,$(KBUILD_EXTMOD))
1626 PHONY += $(module-dirs) modules
1627 $(module-dirs): prepare $(objtree)/Module.symvers
1628 $(Q)$(MAKE) $(build)=$(patsubst _module_%,%,$@) need-modorder=1
1630 modules: $(module-dirs)
1631 @$(kecho) ' Building modules, stage 2.';
1632 $(Q)$(MAKE) -f $(srctree)/scripts/Makefile.modpost
1634 PHONY += modules_install
1635 modules_install: _emodinst_ _emodinst_post
1637 install-dir := $(if $(INSTALL_MOD_DIR),$(INSTALL_MOD_DIR),extra)
1640 $(Q)mkdir -p $(MODLIB)/$(install-dir)
1641 $(Q)$(MAKE) -f $(srctree)/scripts/Makefile.modinst
1643 PHONY += _emodinst_post
1644 _emodinst_post: _emodinst_
1647 clean-dirs := $(addprefix _clean_,$(KBUILD_EXTMOD))
1649 PHONY += $(clean-dirs) clean
1651 $(Q)$(MAKE) $(clean)=$(patsubst _clean_%,%,$@)
1653 clean: rm-files := $(KBUILD_EXTMOD)/Module.symvers
1657 @echo ' Building external modules.'
1658 @echo ' Syntax: make -C path/to/kernel/src M=$$PWD target'
1660 @echo ' modules - default target, build the module(s)'
1661 @echo ' modules_install - install the module'
1662 @echo ' clean - remove generated files in module directory only'
1666 endif # KBUILD_EXTMOD
1668 clean: $(clean-dirs)
1671 @find $(if $(KBUILD_EXTMOD), $(KBUILD_EXTMOD), .) $(RCS_FIND_IGNORE) \
1672 \( -name '*.[aios]' -o -name '*.ko' -o -name '.*.cmd' \
1674 -o -name '*.dtb' -o -name '*.dtb.S' -o -name '*.dt.yaml' \
1675 -o -name '*.dwo' -o -name '*.lst' \
1676 -o -name '*.su' -o -name '*.mod' \
1677 -o -name '.*.d' -o -name '.*.tmp' -o -name '*.mod.c' \
1678 -o -name '*.lex.c' -o -name '*.tab.[ch]' \
1679 -o -name '*.asn1.[ch]' \
1680 -o -name '*.symtypes' -o -name 'modules.order' \
1681 -o -name modules.builtin -o -name '.tmp_*.o.*' \
1682 -o -name '*.c.[012]*.*' \
1684 -o -name '*.gcno' \) -type f -print | xargs rm -f
1686 # Generate tags for editors
1687 # ---------------------------------------------------------------------------
1688 quiet_cmd_tags = GEN $@
1689 cmd_tags = $(CONFIG_SHELL) $(srctree)/scripts/tags.sh $@
1691 tags TAGS cscope gtags: FORCE
1694 # Scripts to check various things for consistency
1695 # ---------------------------------------------------------------------------
1697 PHONY += includecheck versioncheck coccicheck namespacecheck export_report
1700 find $(srctree)/* $(RCS_FIND_IGNORE) \
1701 -name '*.[hcS]' -type f -print | sort \
1702 | xargs $(PERL) -w $(srctree)/scripts/checkincludes.pl
1705 find $(srctree)/* $(RCS_FIND_IGNORE) \
1706 -name '*.[hcS]' -type f -print | sort \
1707 | xargs $(PERL) -w $(srctree)/scripts/checkversion.pl
1710 $(Q)$(CONFIG_SHELL) $(srctree)/scripts/$@
1713 $(PERL) $(srctree)/scripts/namespace.pl
1716 $(PERL) $(srctree)/scripts/export_report.pl
1718 PHONY += checkstack kernelrelease kernelversion image_name
1720 # UML needs a little special treatment here. It wants to use the host
1721 # toolchain, so needs $(SUBARCH) passed to checkstack.pl. Everyone
1722 # else wants $(ARCH), including people doing cross-builds, which means
1723 # that $(SUBARCH) doesn't work here.
1725 CHECKSTACK_ARCH := $(SUBARCH)
1727 CHECKSTACK_ARCH := $(ARCH)
1730 $(OBJDUMP) -d vmlinux $$(find . -name '*.ko') | \
1731 $(PERL) $(srctree)/scripts/checkstack.pl $(CHECKSTACK_ARCH)
1734 @echo "$(KERNELVERSION)$$($(CONFIG_SHELL) $(srctree)/scripts/setlocalversion $(srctree))"
1737 @echo $(KERNELVERSION)
1740 @echo $(KBUILD_IMAGE)
1742 # Clear a bunch of variables before executing the submake
1744 ifeq ($(quiet),silent_)
1749 $(Q)mkdir -p $(objtree)/tools
1750 $(Q)$(MAKE) LDFLAGS= MAKEFLAGS="$(tools_silent) $(filter --j% -j,$(MAKEFLAGS))" O=$(abspath $(objtree)) subdir=tools -C $(srctree)/tools/
1753 $(Q)mkdir -p $(objtree)/tools
1754 $(Q)$(MAKE) LDFLAGS= MAKEFLAGS="$(tools_silent) $(filter --j% -j,$(MAKEFLAGS))" O=$(abspath $(objtree)) subdir=tools -C $(srctree)/tools/ $*
1757 # ---------------------------------------------------------------------------
1758 # Single targets are compatible with:
1759 # - build with mixed source and output
1760 # - build with separate output dir 'make O=...'
1761 # - external modules
1763 # target-dir => where to store outputfile
1764 # build-dir => directory in kernel source tree to use
1766 build-target = $(if $(KBUILD_EXTMOD), $(KBUILD_EXTMOD)/)$@
1767 build-dir = $(patsubst %/,%,$(dir $(build-target)))
1770 $(Q)$(MAKE) $(build)=$(build-dir) $(build-target)
1772 $(Q)$(MAKE) $(build)=$(build-dir) $(build-target)
1773 %.lst: prepare FORCE
1774 $(Q)$(MAKE) $(build)=$(build-dir) $(build-target)
1776 $(Q)$(MAKE) $(build)=$(build-dir) $(build-target)
1778 $(Q)$(MAKE) $(build)=$(build-dir) $(build-target)
1779 %.symtypes: prepare FORCE
1780 $(Q)$(MAKE) $(build)=$(build-dir) $(build-target)
1781 ifeq ($(KBUILD_EXTMOD),)
1782 # For the single build of an in-tree module, use a temporary file to avoid
1783 # the situation of modules_install installing an invalid modules.order.
1784 %.ko: MODORDER := .modules.tmp
1787 $(Q)$(MAKE) $(build)=$(build-dir) $(build-target:.ko=.mod)
1788 $(Q)echo $(build-target) > $(MODORDER)
1789 $(Q)$(MAKE) -f $(srctree)/scripts/Makefile.modpost
1796 $(Q)$(MAKE) KBUILD_MODULES=1 $(build)=$(build-dir) need-modorder=1
1798 # FIXME Should go into a make.lib or something
1799 # ===========================================================================
1801 quiet_cmd_rmdirs = $(if $(wildcard $(rm-dirs)),CLEAN $(wildcard $(rm-dirs)))
1802 cmd_rmdirs = rm -rf $(rm-dirs)
1804 quiet_cmd_rmfiles = $(if $(wildcard $(rm-files)),CLEAN $(wildcard $(rm-files)))
1805 cmd_rmfiles = rm -f $(rm-files)
1807 # Run depmod only if we have System.map and depmod is executable
1808 quiet_cmd_depmod = DEPMOD $(KERNELRELEASE)
1809 cmd_depmod = $(CONFIG_SHELL) $(srctree)/scripts/depmod.sh $(DEPMOD) \
1812 # read saved command lines for existing targets
1813 existing-targets := $(wildcard $(sort $(targets)))
1815 -include $(foreach f,$(existing-targets),$(dir $(f)).$(notdir $(f)).cmd)
1817 endif # ifeq ($(config-targets),1)
1818 endif # ifeq ($(mixed-targets),1)
1819 endif # need-sub-make
1824 # Declare the contents of the PHONY variable as phony. We keep that
1825 # information in a variable so we can use it in if_changed and friends.