1 ===============================
2 rfkill - RF kill switch support
3 ===============================
12 The rfkill subsystem provides a generic interface to disabling any radio
13 transmitter in the system. When a transmitter is blocked, it shall not
16 The subsystem also provides the ability to react on button presses and
17 disable all transmitters of a certain type (or all). This is intended for
18 situations where transmitters need to be turned off, for example on
21 The rfkill subsystem has a concept of "hard" and "soft" block, which
22 differ little in their meaning (block == transmitters off) but rather in
23 whether they can be changed or not:
26 read-only radio block that cannot be overridden by software
29 writable radio block (need not be readable) that is set by
32 The rfkill subsystem has two parameters, rfkill.default_state and
33 rfkill.master_switch_mode, which are documented in
34 admin-guide/kernel-parameters.rst.
37 Implementation details
38 ======================
40 The rfkill subsystem is composed of three main components:
43 * the deprecated rfkill-input module (an input layer handler, being
44 replaced by userspace policy code) and
47 The rfkill core provides API for kernel drivers to register their radio
48 transmitter with the kernel, methods for turning it on and off and, letting
49 the system know about hardware-disabled states that may be implemented on
52 The rfkill core code also notifies userspace of state changes, and provides
53 ways for userspace to query the current states. See the "Userspace support"
56 When the device is hard-blocked (either by a call to rfkill_set_hw_state()
57 or from query_hw_block) set_block() will be invoked for additional software
58 block, but drivers can ignore the method call since they can use the return
59 value of the function rfkill_set_hw_state() to sync the software state
60 instead of keeping track of calls to set_block(). In fact, drivers should
61 use the return value of rfkill_set_hw_state() unless the hardware actually
62 keeps track of soft and hard block separately.
69 Drivers for radio transmitters normally implement an rfkill driver.
71 Platform drivers might implement input devices if the rfkill button is just
72 that, a button. If that button influences the hardware then you need to
73 implement an rfkill driver instead. This also applies if the platform provides
74 a way to turn on/off the transmitter(s).
76 For some platforms, it is possible that the hardware state changes during
77 suspend/hibernation, in which case it will be necessary to update the rfkill
78 core with the current state is at resume time.
80 To create an rfkill driver, driver's Kconfig needs to have::
82 depends on RFKILL || !RFKILL
84 to ensure the driver cannot be built-in when rfkill is modular. The !RFKILL
85 case allows the driver to be built when rfkill is not configured, which
86 case all rfkill API can still be used but will be provided by static inlines
87 which compile to almost nothing.
89 Calling rfkill_set_hw_state() when a state change happens is required from
90 rfkill drivers that control devices that can be hard-blocked unless they also
91 assign the poll_hw_block() callback (then the rfkill core will poll the
92 device). Don't do this unless you cannot get the event in any other way.
94 RFKill provides per-switch LED triggers, which can be used to drive LEDs
95 according to the switch state (LED_FULL when blocked, LED_OFF otherwise).
101 The recommended userspace interface to use is /dev/rfkill, which is a misc
102 character device that allows userspace to obtain and set the state of rfkill
103 devices and sets of devices. It also notifies userspace about device addition
104 and removal. The API is a simple read/write API that is defined in
105 linux/rfkill.h, with one ioctl that allows turning off the deprecated input
106 handler in the kernel for the transition period.
108 Except for the one ioctl, communication with the kernel is done via read()
109 and write() of instances of 'struct rfkill_event'. In this structure, the
110 soft and hard block are properly separated (unlike sysfs, see below) and
111 userspace is able to get a consistent snapshot of all rfkill devices in the
112 system. Also, it is possible to switch all rfkill drivers (or all drivers of
113 a specified type) into a state which also updates the default state for
116 After an application opens /dev/rfkill, it can read the current state of all
117 devices. Changes can be either obtained by either polling the descriptor for
118 hotplug or state change events or by listening for uevents emitted by the
119 rfkill core framework.
121 Additionally, each rfkill device is registered in sysfs and emits uevents.
123 rfkill devices issue uevents (with an action of "change"), with the following
124 environment variables set::
130 The contents of these variables corresponds to the "name", "state" and
131 "type" sysfs files explained above.
134 For further details consult Documentation/ABI/stable/sysfs-class-rfkill.