1 The `parport' code provides parallel-port support under Linux. This
2 includes the ability to share one port between multiple device
5 You can pass parameters to the parport code to override its automatic
6 detection of your hardware. This is particularly useful if you want
7 to use IRQs, since in general these can't be autoprobed successfully.
8 By default IRQs are not used even if they _can_ be probed. This is
9 because there are a lot of people using the same IRQ for their
10 parallel port and a sound card or network card.
12 The parport code is split into two parts: generic (which deals with
13 port-sharing) and architecture-dependent (which deals with actually
20 If you load the parport code as a module, say
24 to load the generic parport code. You then must load the
25 architecture-dependent code with (for example):
27 # insmod parport_pc io=0x3bc,0x378,0x278 irq=none,7,auto
29 to tell the parport code that you want three PC-style ports, one at
30 0x3bc with no IRQ, one at 0x378 using IRQ 7, and one at 0x278 with an
31 auto-detected IRQ. Currently, PC-style (parport_pc), Sun `bpp',
32 Amiga, Atari, and MFC3 hardware is supported.
34 PCI parallel I/O card support comes from parport_pc. Base I/O
35 addresses should not be specified for supported PCI cards since they
36 are automatically detected.
42 If you use modprobe , you will find it useful to add lines as below to a
43 configuration file in /etc/modprobe.d/ directory:.
45 alias parport_lowlevel parport_pc
46 options parport_pc io=0x378,0x278 irq=7,auto
48 modprobe will load parport_pc (with the options "io=0x378,0x278 irq=7,auto")
49 whenever a parallel port device driver (such as lp) is loaded.
51 Note that these are example lines only! You shouldn't in general need
52 to specify any options to parport_pc in order to be able to use a
56 Parport probe [optional]
59 In 2.2 kernels there was a module called parport_probe, which was used
60 for collecting IEEE 1284 device ID information. This has now been
61 enhanced and now lives with the IEEE 1284 support. When a parallel
62 port is detected, the devices that are connected to it are analysed,
63 and information is logged like this:
65 parport0: Printer, BJC-210 (Canon)
67 The probe information is available from files in /proc/sys/dev/parport/.
70 Parport linked into the kernel statically
71 =========================================
73 If you compile the parport code into the kernel, then you can use
74 kernel boot parameters to get the same effect. Add something like the
75 following to your LILO command line:
77 parport=0x3bc parport=0x378,7 parport=0x278,auto,nofifo
79 You can have many `parport=...' statements, one for each port you want
80 to add. Adding `parport=0' to the kernel command-line will disable
81 parport support entirely. Adding `parport=auto' to the kernel
82 command-line will make parport use any IRQ lines or DMA channels that
89 If you have configured the /proc filesystem into your kernel, you will
90 see a new directory entry: /proc/sys/dev/parport. In there will be a
91 directory entry for each parallel port for which parport is
92 configured. In each of those directories are a collection of files
93 describing that parallel port.
95 The /proc/sys/dev/parport directory tree looks like:
135 devices/active A list of the device drivers using that port. A "+"
136 will appear by the name of the device currently using
137 the port (it might not appear against any). The
138 string "none" means that there are no device drivers
141 base-addr Parallel port's base address, or addresses if the port
142 has more than one in which case they are separated
143 with tabs. These values might not have any sensible
144 meaning for some ports.
146 irq Parallel port's IRQ, or -1 if none is being used.
148 dma Parallel port's DMA channel, or -1 if none is being
151 modes Parallel port's hardware modes, comma-separated,
154 PCSPP PC-style SPP registers are available.
155 TRISTATE Port is bidirectional.
156 COMPAT Hardware acceleration for printers is
157 available and will be used.
158 EPP Hardware acceleration for EPP protocol
159 is available and will be used.
160 ECP Hardware acceleration for ECP protocol
161 is available and will be used.
162 DMA DMA is available and will be used.
164 Note that the current implementation will only take
165 advantage of COMPAT and ECP modes if it has an IRQ
168 autoprobe Any IEEE-1284 device ID information that has been
169 acquired from the (non-IEEE 1284.3) device.
171 autoprobe[0-3] IEEE 1284 device ID information retrieved from
172 daisy-chain devices that conform to IEEE 1284.3.
174 spintime The number of microseconds to busy-loop while waiting
175 for the peripheral to respond. You might find that
176 adjusting this improves performance, depending on your
177 peripherals. This is a port-wide setting, i.e. it
178 applies to all devices on a particular port.
180 timeslice The number of milliseconds that a device driver is
181 allowed to keep a port claimed for. This is advisory,
182 and driver can ignore it if it must.
184 default/* The defaults for spintime and timeslice. When a new
185 port is registered, it picks up the default spintime.
186 When a new device is registered, it picks up the
192 Once the parport code is initialised, you can attach device drivers to
193 specific ports. Normally this happens automatically; if the lp driver
194 is loaded it will create one lp device for each port found. You can
195 override this, though, by using parameters either when you load the lp
198 # insmod lp parport=0,2
200 or on the LILO command line:
202 lp=parport0 lp=parport2
204 Both the above examples would inform lp that you want /dev/lp0 to be
205 the first parallel port, and /dev/lp1 to be the _third_ parallel port,
206 with no lp device associated with the second port (parport1). Note
207 that this is different to the way older kernels worked; there used to
208 be a static association between the I/O port address and the device
209 name, so /dev/lp0 was always the port at 0x3bc. This is no longer the
210 case - if you only have one port, it will default to being /dev/lp0,
211 regardless of base address.
215 * If you selected the IEEE 1284 support at compile time, you can say
216 `lp=auto' on the kernel command line, and lp will create devices
217 only for those ports that seem to have printers attached.
219 * If you give PLIP the `timid' parameter, either with `plip=timid' on
220 the command line, or with `insmod plip timid=1' when using modules,
221 it will avoid any ports that seem to be in use by other devices.
223 * IRQ autoprobing works only for a few port types at the moment.
225 Reporting printer problems with parport
226 =======================================
228 If you are having problems printing, please go through these steps to
229 try to narrow down where the problem area is.
231 When reporting problems with parport, really you need to give all of
232 the messages that parport_pc spits out when it initialises. There are
236 o interrupt-driven, protocol in software
237 o interrupt-driven, protocol in hardware using PIO
238 o interrupt-driven, protocol in hardware using DMA
240 The kernel messages that parport_pc logs give an indication of which
241 code path is being used. (They could be a lot better actually..)
243 For normal printer protocol, having IEEE 1284 modes enabled or not
244 should not make a difference.
246 To turn off the 'protocol in hardware' code paths, disable
247 CONFIG_PARPORT_PC_FIFO. Note that when they are enabled they are not
248 necessarily _used_; it depends on whether the hardware is available,
249 enabled by the BIOS, and detected by the driver.
251 So, to start with, disable CONFIG_PARPORT_PC_FIFO, and load parport_pc
252 with 'irq=none'. See if printing works then. It really should,
253 because this is the simplest code path.
255 If that works fine, try with 'io=0x378 irq=7' (adjust for your
256 hardware), to make it use interrupt-driven in-software protocol.
258 If _that_ works fine, then one of the hardware modes isn't working
259 right. Enable CONFIG_PARPORT_PC_FIFO (no, it isn't a module option,
260 and yes, it should be), set the port to ECP mode in the BIOS and note
261 the DMA channel, and try with:
263 io=0x378 irq=7 dma=none (for PIO)
264 io=0x378 irq=7 dma=3 (for DMA)