1 =====================================
2 Amiga Buddha and Catweasel IDE Driver
3 =====================================
5 The Amiga Buddha and Catweasel IDE Driver (part of ide.c) was written by
6 Geert Uytterhoeven based on the following specifications:
8 ------------------------------------------------------------------------
10 Register map of the Buddha IDE controller and the
11 Buddha-part of the Catweasel Zorro-II version
13 The Autoconfiguration has been implemented just as Commodore
14 described in their manuals, no tricks have been used (for
15 example leaving some address lines out of the equations...).
16 If you want to configure the board yourself (for example let
17 a Linux kernel configure the card), look at the Commodore
18 Docs. Reading the nibbles should give this information::
20 Vendor number: 4626 ($1212)
21 product number: 0 (42 for Catweasel Z-II)
25 The card should be a Z-II board, size 64K, not for freemem
26 list, Rom-Vektor is valid, no second Autoconfig-board on the
27 same card, no space preference, supports "Shutup_forever".
29 Setting the base address should be done in two steps, just
30 as the Amiga Kickstart does: The lower nibble of the 8-Bit
31 address is written to $4a, then the whole Byte is written to
32 $48, while it doesn't matter how often you're writing to $4a
33 as long as $48 is not touched. After $48 has been written,
34 the whole card disappears from $e8 and is mapped to the new
35 address just written. Make sure $4a is written before $48,
36 otherwise your chance is only 1:16 to find the board :-).
38 The local memory-map is even active when mapped to $e8:
40 ============== ===========================================
41 $0-$7e Autokonfig-space, see Z-II docs.
45 $7fe Speed-select Register: Read & Write
46 (description see further down)
48 $800-$8ff IDE-Select 0 (Port 0, Register set 0)
50 $900-$9ff IDE-Select 1 (Port 0, Register set 1)
52 $a00-$aff IDE-Select 2 (Port 1, Register set 0)
54 $b00-$bff IDE-Select 3 (Port 1, Register set 1)
56 $c00-$cff IDE-Select 4 (Port 2, Register set 0,
59 $d00-$dff IDE-Select 5 (Port 3, Register set 1,
62 $e00-$eff local expansion port, on Catweasel Z-II the
63 Catweasel registers are also mapped here.
64 Never touch, use multidisk.device!
66 $f00 read only, Byte-access: Bit 7 shows the
67 level of the IRQ-line of IDE port 0.
69 $f01-$f3f mirror of $f00
71 $f40 read only, Byte-access: Bit 7 shows the
72 level of the IRQ-line of IDE port 1.
74 $f41-$f7f mirror of $f40
76 $f80 read only, Byte-access: Bit 7 shows the
77 level of the IRQ-line of IDE port 2.
80 $f81-$fbf mirror of $f80
82 $fc0 write-only: Writing any value to this
83 register enables IRQs to be passed from the
84 IDE ports to the Zorro bus. This mechanism
85 has been implemented to be compatible with
86 harddisks that are either defective or have
87 a buggy firmware and pull the IRQ line up
88 while starting up. If interrupts would
89 always be passed to the bus, the computer
90 might not start up. Once enabled, this flag
91 can not be disabled again. The level of the
92 flag can not be determined by software
93 (what for? Write to me if it's necessary!).
95 $fc1-$fff mirror of $fc0
97 $1000-$ffff Buddha-Rom with offset $1000 in the rom
98 chip. The addresses $0 to $fff of the rom
99 chip cannot be read. Rom is Byte-wide and
100 mapped to even addresses.
101 ============== ===========================================
103 The IDE ports issue an INT2. You can read the level of the
104 IRQ-lines of the IDE-ports by reading from the three (two
105 for Buddha-only) registers $f00, $f40 and $f80. This way
106 more than one I/O request can be handled and you can easily
107 determine what driver has to serve the INT2. Buddha and
108 Catweasel expansion boards can issue an INT6. A separate
109 memory map is available for the I/O module and the sysop's
112 The IDE ports are fed by the address lines A2 to A4, just as
113 the Amiga 1200 and Amiga 4000 IDE ports are. This way
114 existing drivers can be easily ported to Buddha. A move.l
115 polls two words out of the same address of IDE port since
116 every word is mirrored once. movem is not possible, but
117 it's not necessary either, because you can only speedup
118 68000 systems with this technique. A 68020 system with
119 fastmem is faster with move.l.
121 If you're using the mirrored registers of the IDE-ports with
122 A6=1, the Buddha doesn't care about the speed that you have
123 selected in the speed register (see further down). With
124 A6=1 (for example $840 for port 0, register set 0), a 780ns
125 access is being made. These registers should be used for a
126 command access to the harddisk/CD-Rom, since command
127 accesses are Byte-wide and have to be made slower according
128 to the ATA-X3T9 manual.
130 Now for the speed-register: The register is byte-wide, and
131 only the upper three bits are used (Bits 7 to 5). Bit 4
132 must always be set to 1 to be compatible with later Buddha
133 versions (if I'll ever update this one). I presume that
134 I'll never use the lower four bits, but they have to be set
137 The values in this table have to be shifted 5 bits to the
138 left and or'd with $1f (this sets the lower 5 bits).
140 All the timings have in common: Select and IOR/IOW rise at
141 the same time. IOR and IOW have a propagation delay of
142 about 30ns to the clocks on the Zorro bus, that's why the
143 values are no multiple of 71. One clock-cycle is 71ns long
144 (exactly 70,5 at 14,18 Mhz on PAL systems).
146 value 0 (Default after reset)
147 497ns Select (7 clock cycles) , IOR/IOW after 172ns (2 clock cycles)
148 (same timing as the Amiga 1200 does on it's IDE port without
152 639ns Select (9 clock cycles), IOR/IOW after 243ns (3 clock cycles)
155 781ns Select (11 clock cycles), IOR/IOW after 314ns (4 clock cycles)
158 355ns Select (5 clock cycles), IOR/IOW after 101ns (1 clock cycle)
161 355ns Select (5 clock cycles), IOR/IOW after 172ns (2 clock cycles)
164 355ns Select (5 clock cycles), IOR/IOW after 243ns (3 clock cycles)
167 1065ns Select (15 clock cycles), IOR/IOW after 314ns (4 clock cycles)
170 355ns Select, (5 clock cycles), IOR/IOW after 101ns (1 clock cycle)
172 When accessing IDE registers with A6=1 (for example $84x),
173 the timing will always be mode 0 8-bit compatible, no matter
174 what you have selected in the speed register:
176 781ns select, IOR/IOW after 4 clock cycles (=314ns) aktive.
178 All the timings with a very short select-signal (the 355ns
179 fast accesses) depend on the accelerator card used in the
180 system: Sometimes two more clock cycles are inserted by the
181 bus interface, making the whole access 497ns long. This
182 doesn't affect the reliability of the controller nor the
183 performance of the card, since this doesn't happen very
186 All the timings are calculated and only confirmed by
187 measurements that allowed me to count the clock cycles. If
188 the system is clocked by an oscillator other than 28,37516
189 Mhz (for example the NTSC-frequency 28,63636 Mhz), each
190 clock cycle is shortened to a bit less than 70ns (not worth
191 mentioning). You could think of a small performance boost
192 by overclocking the system, but you would either need a
193 multisync monitor, or a graphics card, and your internal
194 diskdrive would go crazy, that's why you shouldn't tune your
197 Giving you the possibility to write software that is
198 compatible with both the Buddha and the Catweasel Z-II, The
199 Buddha acts just like a Catweasel Z-II with no device
200 connected to the third IDE-port. The IRQ-register $f80
201 always shows a "no IRQ here" on the Buddha, and accesses to
202 the third IDE port are going into data's Nirwana on the
205 Jens Schönfeld february 19th, 1997
207 updated may 27th, 1997
209 eMail: sysop@nostlgic.tng.oche.de