3 ==============================
4 Building Linux with Clang/LLVM
5 ==============================
7 This document covers how to build the Linux kernel with Clang and LLVM
13 The Linux kernel has always traditionally been compiled with GNU toolchains
14 such as GCC and binutils. Ongoing work has allowed for `Clang
15 <https://clang.llvm.org/>`_ and `LLVM <https://llvm.org/>`_ utilities to be
16 used as viable substitutes. Distributions such as `Android
17 <https://www.android.com/>`_, `ChromeOS
18 <https://www.chromium.org/chromium-os>`_, and `OpenMandriva
19 <https://www.openmandriva.org/>`_ use Clang built kernels. `LLVM is a
20 collection of toolchain components implemented in terms of C++ objects
21 <https://www.aosabook.org/en/llvm.html>`_. Clang is a front-end to LLVM that
22 supports C and the GNU C extensions required by the kernel, and is pronounced
23 "klang," not "see-lang."
28 The compiler used can be swapped out via ``CC=`` command line argument to ``make``.
29 ``CC=`` should be set when selecting a config and during a build. ::
31 make CC=clang defconfig
38 A single Clang compiler binary will typically contain all supported backends,
39 which can help simplify cross compiling. ::
41 make ARCH=arm64 CC=clang CROSS_COMPILE=aarch64-linux-gnu-
43 ``CROSS_COMPILE`` is not used to prefix the Clang compiler binary, instead
44 ``CROSS_COMPILE`` is used to set a command line flag: ``--target=<triple>``. For
47 clang --target=aarch64-linux-gnu foo.c
52 LLVM has substitutes for GNU binutils utilities. They can be enabled individually.
53 The full list of supported make variables::
55 make CC=clang LD=ld.lld AR=llvm-ar NM=llvm-nm STRIP=llvm-strip \
56 OBJCOPY=llvm-objcopy OBJDUMP=llvm-objdump READELF=llvm-readelf \
57 HOSTCC=clang HOSTCXX=clang++ HOSTAR=llvm-ar HOSTLD=ld.lld
59 To simplify the above command, Kbuild supports the ``LLVM`` variable::
63 If your LLVM tools are not available in your PATH, you can supply their
64 location using the LLVM variable with a trailing slash::
66 make LLVM=/path/to/llvm/
68 which will use ``/path/to/llvm/clang``, ``/path/to/llvm/ld.lld``, etc.
70 If your LLVM tools have a version suffix and you want to test with that
71 explicit version rather than the unsuffixed executables like ``LLVM=1``, you
72 can pass the suffix using the ``LLVM`` variable::
76 which will use ``clang-14``, ``ld.lld-14``, etc.
78 ``LLVM=0`` is not the same as omitting ``LLVM`` altogether, it will behave like
79 ``LLVM=1``. If you only wish to use certain LLVM utilities, use their respective
82 The integrated assembler is enabled by default. You can pass ``LLVM_IAS=0`` to
85 Omitting CROSS_COMPILE
86 ----------------------
88 As explained above, ``CROSS_COMPILE`` is used to set ``--target=<triple>``.
90 If ``CROSS_COMPILE`` is not specified, the ``--target=<triple>`` is inferred
93 That means if you use only LLVM tools, ``CROSS_COMPILE`` becomes unnecessary.
95 For example, to cross-compile the arm64 kernel::
97 make ARCH=arm64 LLVM=1
99 If ``LLVM_IAS=0`` is specified, ``CROSS_COMPILE`` is also used to derive
100 ``--prefix=<path>`` to search for the GNU assembler and linker. ::
102 make ARCH=arm64 LLVM=1 LLVM_IAS=0 CROSS_COMPILE=aarch64-linux-gnu-
104 Supported Architectures
105 -----------------------
107 LLVM does not target all of the architectures that Linux supports and
108 just because a target is supported in LLVM does not mean that the kernel
109 will build or work without any issues. Below is a general summary of
110 architectures that currently work with ``CC=clang`` or ``LLVM=1``. Level
111 of support corresponds to "S" values in the MAINTAINERS files. If an
112 architecture is not present, it either means that LLVM does not target
113 it or there are known issues. Using the latest stable version of LLVM or
114 even the development tree will generally yield the best results.
115 An architecture's ``defconfig`` is generally expected to work well,
116 certain configurations may have problems that have not been uncovered
117 yet. Bug reports are always welcome at the issue tracker below!
157 - `Website <https://clangbuiltlinux.github.io/>`_
158 - `Mailing List <https://lore.kernel.org/llvm/>`_: <llvm@lists.linux.dev>
159 - `Old Mailing List Archives <https://groups.google.com/g/clang-built-linux>`_
160 - `Issue Tracker <https://github.com/ClangBuiltLinux/linux/issues>`_
161 - IRC: #clangbuiltlinux on irc.libera.chat
162 - `Telegram <https://t.me/ClangBuiltLinux>`_: @ClangBuiltLinux
163 - `Wiki <https://github.com/ClangBuiltLinux/linux/wiki>`_
164 - `Beginner Bugs <https://github.com/ClangBuiltLinux/linux/issues?q=is%3Aopen+is%3Aissue+label%3A%22good+first+issue%22>`_
171 - https://releases.llvm.org/download.html
172 - https://github.com/llvm/llvm-project
173 - https://llvm.org/docs/GettingStarted.html
174 - https://llvm.org/docs/CMake.html
175 - https://apt.llvm.org/
176 - https://www.archlinux.org/packages/extra/x86_64/llvm/
177 - https://github.com/ClangBuiltLinux/tc-build
178 - https://github.com/ClangBuiltLinux/linux/wiki/Building-Clang-from-source
179 - https://android.googlesource.com/platform/prebuilts/clang/host/linux-x86/