1 ===========================
2 Hardware Spinlock Framework
3 ===========================
8 Hardware spinlock modules provide hardware assistance for synchronization
9 and mutual exclusion between heterogeneous processors and those not operating
10 under a single, shared operating system.
12 For example, OMAP4 has dual Cortex-A9, dual Cortex-M3 and a C64x+ DSP,
13 each of which is running a different Operating System (the master, A9,
14 is usually running Linux and the slave processors, the M3 and the DSP,
15 are running some flavor of RTOS).
17 A generic hwspinlock framework allows platform-independent drivers to use
18 the hwspinlock device in order to access data structures that are shared
19 between remote processors, that otherwise have no alternative mechanism
20 to accomplish synchronization and mutual exclusion operations.
22 This is necessary, for example, for Inter-processor communications:
23 on OMAP4, cpu-intensive multimedia tasks are offloaded by the host to the
24 remote M3 and/or C64x+ slave processors (by an IPC subsystem called Syslink).
26 To achieve fast message-based communications, a minimal kernel support
27 is needed to deliver messages arriving from a remote processor to the
28 appropriate user process.
30 This communication is based on simple data structures that is shared between
31 the remote processors, and access to it is synchronized using the hwspinlock
32 module (remote processor directly places new messages in this shared data
35 A common hwspinlock interface makes it possible to have generic, platform-
43 struct hwspinlock *hwspin_lock_request(void);
45 Dynamically assign an hwspinlock and return its address, or NULL
46 in case an unused hwspinlock isn't available. Users of this
47 API will usually want to communicate the lock's id to the remote core
48 before it can be used to achieve synchronization.
50 Should be called from a process context (might sleep).
54 struct hwspinlock *hwspin_lock_request_specific(unsigned int id);
56 Assign a specific hwspinlock id and return its address, or NULL
57 if that hwspinlock is already in use. Usually board code will
58 be calling this function in order to reserve specific hwspinlock
59 ids for predefined purposes.
61 Should be called from a process context (might sleep).
65 int of_hwspin_lock_get_id(struct device_node *np, int index);
67 Retrieve the global lock id for an OF phandle-based specific lock.
68 This function provides a means for DT users of a hwspinlock module
69 to get the global lock id of a specific hwspinlock, so that it can
70 be requested using the normal hwspin_lock_request_specific() API.
72 The function returns a lock id number on success, -EPROBE_DEFER if
73 the hwspinlock device is not yet registered with the core, or other
76 Should be called from a process context (might sleep).
80 int hwspin_lock_free(struct hwspinlock *hwlock);
82 Free a previously-assigned hwspinlock; returns 0 on success, or an
83 appropriate error code on failure (e.g. -EINVAL if the hwspinlock
86 Should be called from a process context (might sleep).
90 int hwspin_lock_timeout(struct hwspinlock *hwlock, unsigned int timeout);
92 Lock a previously-assigned hwspinlock with a timeout limit (specified in
93 msecs). If the hwspinlock is already taken, the function will busy loop
94 waiting for it to be released, but give up when the timeout elapses.
95 Upon a successful return from this function, preemption is disabled so
96 the caller must not sleep, and is advised to release the hwspinlock as
97 soon as possible, in order to minimize remote cores polling on the
98 hardware interconnect.
100 Returns 0 when successful and an appropriate error code otherwise (most
101 notably -ETIMEDOUT if the hwspinlock is still busy after timeout msecs).
102 The function will never sleep.
106 int hwspin_lock_timeout_irq(struct hwspinlock *hwlock, unsigned int timeout);
108 Lock a previously-assigned hwspinlock with a timeout limit (specified in
109 msecs). If the hwspinlock is already taken, the function will busy loop
110 waiting for it to be released, but give up when the timeout elapses.
111 Upon a successful return from this function, preemption and the local
112 interrupts are disabled, so the caller must not sleep, and is advised to
113 release the hwspinlock as soon as possible.
115 Returns 0 when successful and an appropriate error code otherwise (most
116 notably -ETIMEDOUT if the hwspinlock is still busy after timeout msecs).
117 The function will never sleep.
121 int hwspin_lock_timeout_irqsave(struct hwspinlock *hwlock, unsigned int to,
122 unsigned long *flags);
124 Lock a previously-assigned hwspinlock with a timeout limit (specified in
125 msecs). If the hwspinlock is already taken, the function will busy loop
126 waiting for it to be released, but give up when the timeout elapses.
127 Upon a successful return from this function, preemption is disabled,
128 local interrupts are disabled and their previous state is saved at the
129 given flags placeholder. The caller must not sleep, and is advised to
130 release the hwspinlock as soon as possible.
132 Returns 0 when successful and an appropriate error code otherwise (most
133 notably -ETIMEDOUT if the hwspinlock is still busy after timeout msecs).
135 The function will never sleep.
139 int hwspin_trylock(struct hwspinlock *hwlock);
142 Attempt to lock a previously-assigned hwspinlock, but immediately fail if
145 Upon a successful return from this function, preemption is disabled so
146 caller must not sleep, and is advised to release the hwspinlock as soon as
147 possible, in order to minimize remote cores polling on the hardware
150 Returns 0 on success and an appropriate error code otherwise (most
151 notably -EBUSY if the hwspinlock was already taken).
152 The function will never sleep.
156 int hwspin_trylock_irq(struct hwspinlock *hwlock);
159 Attempt to lock a previously-assigned hwspinlock, but immediately fail if
162 Upon a successful return from this function, preemption and the local
163 interrupts are disabled so caller must not sleep, and is advised to
164 release the hwspinlock as soon as possible.
166 Returns 0 on success and an appropriate error code otherwise (most
167 notably -EBUSY if the hwspinlock was already taken).
169 The function will never sleep.
173 int hwspin_trylock_irqsave(struct hwspinlock *hwlock, unsigned long *flags);
175 Attempt to lock a previously-assigned hwspinlock, but immediately fail if
178 Upon a successful return from this function, preemption is disabled,
179 the local interrupts are disabled and their previous state is saved
180 at the given flags placeholder. The caller must not sleep, and is advised
181 to release the hwspinlock as soon as possible.
183 Returns 0 on success and an appropriate error code otherwise (most
184 notably -EBUSY if the hwspinlock was already taken).
185 The function will never sleep.
189 void hwspin_unlock(struct hwspinlock *hwlock);
191 Unlock a previously-locked hwspinlock. Always succeed, and can be called
192 from any context (the function never sleeps).
196 code should **never** unlock an hwspinlock which is already unlocked
197 (there is no protection against this).
201 void hwspin_unlock_irq(struct hwspinlock *hwlock);
203 Unlock a previously-locked hwspinlock and enable local interrupts.
204 The caller should **never** unlock an hwspinlock which is already unlocked.
206 Doing so is considered a bug (there is no protection against this).
207 Upon a successful return from this function, preemption and local
208 interrupts are enabled. This function will never sleep.
213 hwspin_unlock_irqrestore(struct hwspinlock *hwlock, unsigned long *flags);
215 Unlock a previously-locked hwspinlock.
217 The caller should **never** unlock an hwspinlock which is already unlocked.
218 Doing so is considered a bug (there is no protection against this).
219 Upon a successful return from this function, preemption is reenabled,
220 and the state of the local interrupts is restored to the state saved at
221 the given flags. This function will never sleep.
225 int hwspin_lock_get_id(struct hwspinlock *hwlock);
227 Retrieve id number of a given hwspinlock. This is needed when an
228 hwspinlock is dynamically assigned: before it can be used to achieve
229 mutual exclusion with a remote cpu, the id number should be communicated
230 to the remote task with which we want to synchronize.
232 Returns the hwspinlock id number, or -EINVAL if hwlock is null.
239 #include <linux/hwspinlock.h>
240 #include <linux/err.h>
242 int hwspinlock_example1(void)
244 struct hwspinlock *hwlock;
247 /* dynamically assign a hwspinlock */
248 hwlock = hwspin_lock_request();
252 id = hwspin_lock_get_id(hwlock);
253 /* probably need to communicate id to a remote processor now */
255 /* take the lock, spin for 1 sec if it's already taken */
256 ret = hwspin_lock_timeout(hwlock, 1000);
261 * we took the lock, do our thing now, but do NOT sleep
264 /* release the lock */
265 hwspin_unlock(hwlock);
268 ret = hwspin_lock_free(hwlock);
275 int hwspinlock_example2(void)
277 struct hwspinlock *hwlock;
281 * assign a specific hwspinlock id - this should be called early
282 * by board init code.
284 hwlock = hwspin_lock_request_specific(PREDEFINED_LOCK_ID);
288 /* try to take it, but don't spin on it */
289 ret = hwspin_trylock(hwlock);
291 pr_info("lock is already taken\n");
296 * we took the lock, do our thing now, but do NOT sleep
299 /* release the lock */
300 hwspin_unlock(hwlock);
303 ret = hwspin_lock_free(hwlock);
316 int hwspin_lock_register(struct hwspinlock_device *bank, struct device *dev,
317 const struct hwspinlock_ops *ops, int base_id, int num_locks);
319 To be called from the underlying platform-specific implementation, in
320 order to register a new hwspinlock device (which is usually a bank of
321 numerous locks). Should be called from a process context (this function
324 Returns 0 on success, or appropriate error code on failure.
328 int hwspin_lock_unregister(struct hwspinlock_device *bank);
330 To be called from the underlying vendor-specific implementation, in order
331 to unregister an hwspinlock device (which is usually a bank of numerous
334 Should be called from a process context (this function might sleep).
336 Returns the address of hwspinlock on success, or NULL on error (e.g.
337 if the hwspinlock is still in use).
342 struct hwspinlock_device is a device which usually contains a bank
343 of hardware locks. It is registered by the underlying hwspinlock
344 implementation using the hwspin_lock_register() API.
349 * struct hwspinlock_device - a device which usually spans numerous hwspinlocks
350 * @dev: underlying device, will be used to invoke runtime PM api
351 * @ops: platform-specific hwspinlock handlers
352 * @base_id: id index of the first lock in this device
353 * @num_locks: number of locks in this device
354 * @lock: dynamically allocated array of 'struct hwspinlock'
356 struct hwspinlock_device {
358 const struct hwspinlock_ops *ops;
361 struct hwspinlock lock[0];
364 struct hwspinlock_device contains an array of hwspinlock structs, each
365 of which represents a single hardware lock::
368 * struct hwspinlock - this struct represents a single hwspinlock instance
369 * @bank: the hwspinlock_device structure which owns this lock
370 * @lock: initialized and used by hwspinlock core
371 * @priv: private data, owned by the underlying platform-specific hwspinlock drv
374 struct hwspinlock_device *bank;
379 When registering a bank of locks, the hwspinlock driver only needs to
380 set the priv members of the locks. The rest of the members are set and
381 initialized by the hwspinlock core itself.
383 Implementation callbacks
384 ========================
386 There are three possible callbacks defined in 'struct hwspinlock_ops'::
388 struct hwspinlock_ops {
389 int (*trylock)(struct hwspinlock *lock);
390 void (*unlock)(struct hwspinlock *lock);
391 void (*relax)(struct hwspinlock *lock);
394 The first two callbacks are mandatory:
396 The ->trylock() callback should make a single attempt to take the lock, and
397 return 0 on failure and 1 on success. This callback may **not** sleep.
399 The ->unlock() callback releases the lock. It always succeed, and it, too,
402 The ->relax() callback is optional. It is called by hwspinlock core while
403 spinning on a lock, and can be used by the underlying implementation to force
404 a delay between two successive invocations of ->trylock(). It may **not** sleep.