1 ===========================
2 Hardware Spinlock Framework
3 ===========================
8 Hardware spinlock modules provide hardware assistance for synchronization
9 and mutual exclusion between heterogeneous processors and those not operating
10 under a single, shared operating system.
12 For example, OMAP4 has dual Cortex-A9, dual Cortex-M3 and a C64x+ DSP,
13 each of which is running a different Operating System (the master, A9,
14 is usually running Linux and the slave processors, the M3 and the DSP,
15 are running some flavor of RTOS).
17 A generic hwspinlock framework allows platform-independent drivers to use
18 the hwspinlock device in order to access data structures that are shared
19 between remote processors, that otherwise have no alternative mechanism
20 to accomplish synchronization and mutual exclusion operations.
22 This is necessary, for example, for Inter-processor communications:
23 on OMAP4, cpu-intensive multimedia tasks are offloaded by the host to the
24 remote M3 and/or C64x+ slave processors (by an IPC subsystem called Syslink).
26 To achieve fast message-based communications, a minimal kernel support
27 is needed to deliver messages arriving from a remote processor to the
28 appropriate user process.
30 This communication is based on simple data structures that is shared between
31 the remote processors, and access to it is synchronized using the hwspinlock
32 module (remote processor directly places new messages in this shared data
35 A common hwspinlock interface makes it possible to have generic, platform-
43 struct hwspinlock *hwspin_lock_request(void);
45 Dynamically assign an hwspinlock and return its address, or NULL
46 in case an unused hwspinlock isn't available. Users of this
47 API will usually want to communicate the lock's id to the remote core
48 before it can be used to achieve synchronization.
50 Should be called from a process context (might sleep).
54 struct hwspinlock *hwspin_lock_request_specific(unsigned int id);
56 Assign a specific hwspinlock id and return its address, or NULL
57 if that hwspinlock is already in use. Usually board code will
58 be calling this function in order to reserve specific hwspinlock
59 ids for predefined purposes.
61 Should be called from a process context (might sleep).
65 int of_hwspin_lock_get_id(struct device_node *np, int index);
67 Retrieve the global lock id for an OF phandle-based specific lock.
68 This function provides a means for DT users of a hwspinlock module
69 to get the global lock id of a specific hwspinlock, so that it can
70 be requested using the normal hwspin_lock_request_specific() API.
72 The function returns a lock id number on success, -EPROBE_DEFER if
73 the hwspinlock device is not yet registered with the core, or other
76 Should be called from a process context (might sleep).
80 int hwspin_lock_free(struct hwspinlock *hwlock);
82 Free a previously-assigned hwspinlock; returns 0 on success, or an
83 appropriate error code on failure (e.g. -EINVAL if the hwspinlock
86 Should be called from a process context (might sleep).
90 int hwspin_lock_timeout(struct hwspinlock *hwlock, unsigned int timeout);
92 Lock a previously-assigned hwspinlock with a timeout limit (specified in
93 msecs). If the hwspinlock is already taken, the function will busy loop
94 waiting for it to be released, but give up when the timeout elapses.
95 Upon a successful return from this function, preemption is disabled so
96 the caller must not sleep, and is advised to release the hwspinlock as
97 soon as possible, in order to minimize remote cores polling on the
98 hardware interconnect.
100 Returns 0 when successful and an appropriate error code otherwise (most
101 notably -ETIMEDOUT if the hwspinlock is still busy after timeout msecs).
102 The function will never sleep.
106 int hwspin_lock_timeout_irq(struct hwspinlock *hwlock, unsigned int timeout);
108 Lock a previously-assigned hwspinlock with a timeout limit (specified in
109 msecs). If the hwspinlock is already taken, the function will busy loop
110 waiting for it to be released, but give up when the timeout elapses.
111 Upon a successful return from this function, preemption and the local
112 interrupts are disabled, so the caller must not sleep, and is advised to
113 release the hwspinlock as soon as possible.
115 Returns 0 when successful and an appropriate error code otherwise (most
116 notably -ETIMEDOUT if the hwspinlock is still busy after timeout msecs).
117 The function will never sleep.
121 int hwspin_lock_timeout_irqsave(struct hwspinlock *hwlock, unsigned int to,
122 unsigned long *flags);
124 Lock a previously-assigned hwspinlock with a timeout limit (specified in
125 msecs). If the hwspinlock is already taken, the function will busy loop
126 waiting for it to be released, but give up when the timeout elapses.
127 Upon a successful return from this function, preemption is disabled,
128 local interrupts are disabled and their previous state is saved at the
129 given flags placeholder. The caller must not sleep, and is advised to
130 release the hwspinlock as soon as possible.
132 Returns 0 when successful and an appropriate error code otherwise (most
133 notably -ETIMEDOUT if the hwspinlock is still busy after timeout msecs).
135 The function will never sleep.
139 int hwspin_lock_timeout_raw(struct hwspinlock *hwlock, unsigned int timeout);
141 Lock a previously-assigned hwspinlock with a timeout limit (specified in
142 msecs). If the hwspinlock is already taken, the function will busy loop
143 waiting for it to be released, but give up when the timeout elapses.
145 Caution: User must protect the routine of getting hardware lock with mutex
146 or spinlock to avoid dead-lock, that will let user can do some time-consuming
147 or sleepable operations under the hardware lock.
149 Returns 0 when successful and an appropriate error code otherwise (most
150 notably -ETIMEDOUT if the hwspinlock is still busy after timeout msecs).
152 The function will never sleep.
156 int hwspin_lock_timeout_in_atomic(struct hwspinlock *hwlock, unsigned int to);
158 Lock a previously-assigned hwspinlock with a timeout limit (specified in
159 msecs). If the hwspinlock is already taken, the function will busy loop
160 waiting for it to be released, but give up when the timeout elapses.
162 This function shall be called only from an atomic context and the timeout
163 value shall not exceed a few msecs.
165 Returns 0 when successful and an appropriate error code otherwise (most
166 notably -ETIMEDOUT if the hwspinlock is still busy after timeout msecs).
168 The function will never sleep.
172 int hwspin_trylock(struct hwspinlock *hwlock);
175 Attempt to lock a previously-assigned hwspinlock, but immediately fail if
178 Upon a successful return from this function, preemption is disabled so
179 caller must not sleep, and is advised to release the hwspinlock as soon as
180 possible, in order to minimize remote cores polling on the hardware
183 Returns 0 on success and an appropriate error code otherwise (most
184 notably -EBUSY if the hwspinlock was already taken).
185 The function will never sleep.
189 int hwspin_trylock_irq(struct hwspinlock *hwlock);
192 Attempt to lock a previously-assigned hwspinlock, but immediately fail if
195 Upon a successful return from this function, preemption and the local
196 interrupts are disabled so caller must not sleep, and is advised to
197 release the hwspinlock as soon as possible.
199 Returns 0 on success and an appropriate error code otherwise (most
200 notably -EBUSY if the hwspinlock was already taken).
202 The function will never sleep.
206 int hwspin_trylock_irqsave(struct hwspinlock *hwlock, unsigned long *flags);
208 Attempt to lock a previously-assigned hwspinlock, but immediately fail if
211 Upon a successful return from this function, preemption is disabled,
212 the local interrupts are disabled and their previous state is saved
213 at the given flags placeholder. The caller must not sleep, and is advised
214 to release the hwspinlock as soon as possible.
216 Returns 0 on success and an appropriate error code otherwise (most
217 notably -EBUSY if the hwspinlock was already taken).
218 The function will never sleep.
222 int hwspin_trylock_raw(struct hwspinlock *hwlock);
224 Attempt to lock a previously-assigned hwspinlock, but immediately fail if
227 Caution: User must protect the routine of getting hardware lock with mutex
228 or spinlock to avoid dead-lock, that will let user can do some time-consuming
229 or sleepable operations under the hardware lock.
231 Returns 0 on success and an appropriate error code otherwise (most
232 notably -EBUSY if the hwspinlock was already taken).
233 The function will never sleep.
237 int hwspin_trylock_in_atomic(struct hwspinlock *hwlock);
239 Attempt to lock a previously-assigned hwspinlock, but immediately fail if
242 This function shall be called only from an atomic context.
244 Returns 0 on success and an appropriate error code otherwise (most
245 notably -EBUSY if the hwspinlock was already taken).
246 The function will never sleep.
250 void hwspin_unlock(struct hwspinlock *hwlock);
252 Unlock a previously-locked hwspinlock. Always succeed, and can be called
253 from any context (the function never sleeps).
257 code should **never** unlock an hwspinlock which is already unlocked
258 (there is no protection against this).
262 void hwspin_unlock_irq(struct hwspinlock *hwlock);
264 Unlock a previously-locked hwspinlock and enable local interrupts.
265 The caller should **never** unlock an hwspinlock which is already unlocked.
267 Doing so is considered a bug (there is no protection against this).
268 Upon a successful return from this function, preemption and local
269 interrupts are enabled. This function will never sleep.
274 hwspin_unlock_irqrestore(struct hwspinlock *hwlock, unsigned long *flags);
276 Unlock a previously-locked hwspinlock.
278 The caller should **never** unlock an hwspinlock which is already unlocked.
279 Doing so is considered a bug (there is no protection against this).
280 Upon a successful return from this function, preemption is reenabled,
281 and the state of the local interrupts is restored to the state saved at
282 the given flags. This function will never sleep.
286 void hwspin_unlock_raw(struct hwspinlock *hwlock);
288 Unlock a previously-locked hwspinlock.
290 The caller should **never** unlock an hwspinlock which is already unlocked.
291 Doing so is considered a bug (there is no protection against this).
292 This function will never sleep.
296 void hwspin_unlock_in_atomic(struct hwspinlock *hwlock);
298 Unlock a previously-locked hwspinlock.
300 The caller should **never** unlock an hwspinlock which is already unlocked.
301 Doing so is considered a bug (there is no protection against this).
302 This function will never sleep.
306 int hwspin_lock_get_id(struct hwspinlock *hwlock);
308 Retrieve id number of a given hwspinlock. This is needed when an
309 hwspinlock is dynamically assigned: before it can be used to achieve
310 mutual exclusion with a remote cpu, the id number should be communicated
311 to the remote task with which we want to synchronize.
313 Returns the hwspinlock id number, or -EINVAL if hwlock is null.
320 #include <linux/hwspinlock.h>
321 #include <linux/err.h>
323 int hwspinlock_example1(void)
325 struct hwspinlock *hwlock;
328 /* dynamically assign a hwspinlock */
329 hwlock = hwspin_lock_request();
333 id = hwspin_lock_get_id(hwlock);
334 /* probably need to communicate id to a remote processor now */
336 /* take the lock, spin for 1 sec if it's already taken */
337 ret = hwspin_lock_timeout(hwlock, 1000);
342 * we took the lock, do our thing now, but do NOT sleep
345 /* release the lock */
346 hwspin_unlock(hwlock);
349 ret = hwspin_lock_free(hwlock);
356 int hwspinlock_example2(void)
358 struct hwspinlock *hwlock;
362 * assign a specific hwspinlock id - this should be called early
363 * by board init code.
365 hwlock = hwspin_lock_request_specific(PREDEFINED_LOCK_ID);
369 /* try to take it, but don't spin on it */
370 ret = hwspin_trylock(hwlock);
372 pr_info("lock is already taken\n");
377 * we took the lock, do our thing now, but do NOT sleep
380 /* release the lock */
381 hwspin_unlock(hwlock);
384 ret = hwspin_lock_free(hwlock);
397 int hwspin_lock_register(struct hwspinlock_device *bank, struct device *dev,
398 const struct hwspinlock_ops *ops, int base_id, int num_locks);
400 To be called from the underlying platform-specific implementation, in
401 order to register a new hwspinlock device (which is usually a bank of
402 numerous locks). Should be called from a process context (this function
405 Returns 0 on success, or appropriate error code on failure.
409 int hwspin_lock_unregister(struct hwspinlock_device *bank);
411 To be called from the underlying vendor-specific implementation, in order
412 to unregister an hwspinlock device (which is usually a bank of numerous
415 Should be called from a process context (this function might sleep).
417 Returns the address of hwspinlock on success, or NULL on error (e.g.
418 if the hwspinlock is still in use).
423 struct hwspinlock_device is a device which usually contains a bank
424 of hardware locks. It is registered by the underlying hwspinlock
425 implementation using the hwspin_lock_register() API.
430 * struct hwspinlock_device - a device which usually spans numerous hwspinlocks
431 * @dev: underlying device, will be used to invoke runtime PM api
432 * @ops: platform-specific hwspinlock handlers
433 * @base_id: id index of the first lock in this device
434 * @num_locks: number of locks in this device
435 * @lock: dynamically allocated array of 'struct hwspinlock'
437 struct hwspinlock_device {
439 const struct hwspinlock_ops *ops;
442 struct hwspinlock lock[0];
445 struct hwspinlock_device contains an array of hwspinlock structs, each
446 of which represents a single hardware lock::
449 * struct hwspinlock - this struct represents a single hwspinlock instance
450 * @bank: the hwspinlock_device structure which owns this lock
451 * @lock: initialized and used by hwspinlock core
452 * @priv: private data, owned by the underlying platform-specific hwspinlock drv
455 struct hwspinlock_device *bank;
460 When registering a bank of locks, the hwspinlock driver only needs to
461 set the priv members of the locks. The rest of the members are set and
462 initialized by the hwspinlock core itself.
464 Implementation callbacks
465 ========================
467 There are three possible callbacks defined in 'struct hwspinlock_ops'::
469 struct hwspinlock_ops {
470 int (*trylock)(struct hwspinlock *lock);
471 void (*unlock)(struct hwspinlock *lock);
472 void (*relax)(struct hwspinlock *lock);
475 The first two callbacks are mandatory:
477 The ->trylock() callback should make a single attempt to take the lock, and
478 return 0 on failure and 1 on success. This callback may **not** sleep.
480 The ->unlock() callback releases the lock. It always succeed, and it, too,
483 The ->relax() callback is optional. It is called by hwspinlock core while
484 spinning on a lock, and can be used by the underlying implementation to force
485 a delay between two successive invocations of ->trylock(). It may **not** sleep.