1 .. SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0
6 Starting in early 2012, metadata checksums were added to all major ext4
7 and jbd2 data structures. The associated feature flag is metadata\_csum.
8 The desired checksum algorithm is indicated in the superblock, though as
9 of October 2012 the only supported algorithm is crc32c. Some data
10 structures did not have space to fit a full 32-bit checksum, so only the
11 lower 16 bits are stored. Enabling the 64bit feature increases the data
12 structure size so that full 32-bit checksums can be stored for many data
13 structures. However, existing 32-bit filesystems cannot be extended to
14 enable 64bit mode, at least not without the experimental resize2fs
17 Existing filesystems can have checksumming added by running
18 ``tune2fs -O metadata_csum`` against the underlying device. If tune2fs
19 encounters directory blocks that lack sufficient empty space to add a
20 checksum, it will request that you run ``e2fsck -D`` to have the
21 directories rebuilt with checksums. This has the added benefit of
22 removing slack space from the directory files and rebalancing the htree
23 indexes. If you \_ignore\_ this step, your directories will not be
24 protected by a checksum!
26 The following table describes the data elements that go into each type
27 of checksum. The checksum function is whatever the superblock describes
28 (crc32c as of October 2013) unless noted otherwise.
39 - The entire superblock up to the checksum field. The UUID lives inside
43 - UUID + the entire MMP block up to the checksum field.
44 * - Extended Attributes
46 - UUID + the entire extended attribute block. The checksum field is set to
50 - UUID + inode number + inode generation + the directory block up to the
51 fake entry enclosing the checksum field.
54 - UUID + inode number + inode generation + all valid extents + HTREE tail.
55 The checksum field is set to zero.
58 - UUID + inode number + inode generation + the entire extent block up to
61 - \_\_le32 or \_\_le16
62 - UUID + the entire bitmap. Checksums are stored in the group descriptor,
63 and truncated if the group descriptor size is 32 bytes (i.e. ^64bit)
66 - UUID + inode number + inode generation + the entire inode. The checksum
67 field is set to zero. Each inode has its own checksum.
70 - If metadata\_csum, then UUID + group number + the entire descriptor;
71 else if gdt\_csum, then crc16(UUID + group number + the entire
72 descriptor). In all cases, only the lower 16 bits are stored.