1 Java(tm) Binary Kernel Support for Linux v1.03
2 ----------------------------------------------
4 Linux beats them ALL! While all other OS's are TALKING about direct
5 support of Java Binaries in the OS, Linux is doing it!
7 You can execute Java applications and Java Applets just like any
8 other program after you have done the following:
10 1) You MUST FIRST install the Java Developers Kit for Linux.
11 The Java on Linux HOWTO gives the details on getting and
12 installing this. This HOWTO can be found at:
14 ftp://sunsite.unc.edu/pub/Linux/docs/HOWTO/Java-HOWTO
16 You should also set up a reasonable CLASSPATH environment
17 variable to use Java applications that make use of any
18 nonstandard classes (not included in the same directory
19 as the application itself).
21 2) You have to compile BINFMT_MISC either as a module or into
22 the kernel (``CONFIG_BINFMT_MISC``) and set it up properly.
23 If you choose to compile it as a module, you will have
24 to insert it manually with modprobe/insmod, as kmod
25 cannot easily be supported with binfmt_misc.
26 Read the file 'binfmt_misc.txt' in this directory to know
27 more about the configuration process.
29 3) Add the following configuration items to binfmt_misc
30 (you should really have read ``binfmt_misc.txt`` now):
31 support for Java applications::
33 ':Java:M::\xca\xfe\xba\xbe::/usr/local/bin/javawrapper:'
35 support for executable Jar files::
37 ':ExecutableJAR:E::jar::/usr/local/bin/jarwrapper:'
39 support for Java Applets::
41 ':Applet:E::html::/usr/bin/appletviewer:'
43 or the following, if you want to be more selective::
45 ':Applet:M::<!--applet::/usr/bin/appletviewer:'
47 Of course you have to fix the path names. The path/file names given in this
48 document match the Debian 2.1 system. (i.e. jdk installed in ``/usr``,
49 custom wrappers from this document in ``/usr/local``)
51 Note, that for the more selective applet support you have to modify
52 existing html-files to contain ``<!--applet-->`` in the first line
53 (``<`` has to be the first character!) to let this work!
55 For the compiled Java programs you need a wrapper script like the
56 following (this is because Java is broken in case of the filename
57 handling), again fix the path names, both in the script and in the
58 above given configuration string.
60 You, too, need the little program after the script. Compile like::
62 gcc -O2 -o javaclassname javaclassname.c
64 and stick it to ``/usr/local/bin``.
66 Both the javawrapper shellscript and the javaclassname program
67 were supplied by Colin J. Watson <cjw44@cam.ac.uk>.
69 Javawrapper shell script:
74 # /usr/local/bin/javawrapper - the wrapper for binfmt_misc/java
78 echo Usage: $0 class-file
83 FQCLASS=`/usr/local/bin/javaclassname $1`
84 FQCLASSN=`echo $FQCLASS | sed -e 's/^.*\.\([^.]*\)$/\1/'`
85 FQCLASSP=`echo $FQCLASS | sed -e 's-\.-/-g' -e 's-^[^/]*$--' -e 's-/[^/]*$--'`
89 # FQCLASS=foo.bar.Test
95 declare -i LINKLEVEL=0
98 if [ "`basename $CLASS .class`" == "$FQCLASSN" ]; then
99 # See if this directory works straight off
100 cd -L `dirname $CLASS`
103 if echo $CLASSDIR | grep -q "$FQCLASSP$"; then
104 CLASSBASE=`echo $CLASSDIR | sed -e "s.$FQCLASSP$.."`
107 # Try dereferencing the directory name
108 cd -P `dirname $CLASS`
111 if echo $CLASSDIR | grep -q "$FQCLASSP$"; then
112 CLASSBASE=`echo $CLASSDIR | sed -e "s.$FQCLASSP$.."`
115 # If no other possible filename exists
116 if [ ! -L $CLASS ]; then
119 echo " $CLASS should be in a" \
120 "directory tree called $FQCLASSP"
124 if [ ! -L $CLASS ]; then break; fi
125 # Go down one more level of symbolic links
127 if [ $LINKLEVEL -gt 5 ]; then
130 echo " Too many symbolic links encountered"
133 CLASS=`ls --color=no -l $CLASS | sed -e 's/^.* \([^ ]*\)$/\1/'`
136 if [ -z "$CLASSBASE" ]; then
137 if [ -z "$FQCLASSP" ]; then
138 GOODNAME=$FQCLASSN.class
140 GOODNAME=$FQCLASSP/$FQCLASSN.class
144 echo " $FQCLASS should be in a file called $GOODNAME"
148 if ! echo $CLASSPATH | grep -q "^\(.*:\)*$CLASSBASE\(:.*\)*"; then
149 # class is not in CLASSPATH, so prepend dir of class to CLASSPATH
150 if [ -z "${CLASSPATH}" ] ; then
151 export CLASSPATH=$CLASSBASE
153 export CLASSPATH=$CLASSBASE:$CLASSPATH
158 /usr/bin/java $FQCLASS "$@"
166 * Extracts the class name from a Java class file; intended for use in a Java
167 * wrapper of the type supported by the binfmt_misc option in the Linux kernel.
169 * Copyright (C) 1999 Colin J. Watson <cjw44@cam.ac.uk>.
171 * This program is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify
172 * it under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by
173 * the Free Software Foundation; either version 2 of the License, or
174 * (at your option) any later version.
176 * This program is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,
177 * but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
178 * MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE. See the
179 * GNU General Public License for more details.
181 * You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License
182 * along with this program; if not, write to the Free Software
183 * Foundation, Inc., 59 Temple Place, Suite 330, Boston, MA 02111-1307 USA
189 #include <sys/types.h>
191 /* From Sun's Java VM Specification, as tag entries in the constant pool. */
200 #define CP_FIELDREF 9
201 #define CP_METHODREF 10
202 #define CP_INTERFACEMETHODREF 11
203 #define CP_NAMEANDTYPE 12
204 #define CP_METHODHANDLE 15
205 #define CP_METHODTYPE 16
206 #define CP_INVOKEDYNAMIC 18
208 /* Define some commonly used error messages */
210 #define seek_error() error("%s: Cannot seek\n", program)
211 #define corrupt_error() error("%s: Class file corrupt\n", program)
212 #define eof_error() error("%s: Unexpected end of file\n", program)
213 #define utf8_error() error("%s: Only ASCII 1-255 supported\n", program);
219 u_int8_t read_8(FILE *classfile);
220 u_int16_t read_16(FILE *classfile);
221 void skip_constant(FILE *classfile, u_int16_t *cur);
222 void error(const char *format, ...);
223 int main(int argc, char **argv);
225 /* Reads in an unsigned 8-bit integer. */
226 u_int8_t read_8(FILE *classfile)
228 int b = fgetc(classfile);
234 /* Reads in an unsigned 16-bit integer. */
235 u_int16_t read_16(FILE *classfile)
238 b1 = fgetc(classfile);
241 b2 = fgetc(classfile);
244 return (u_int16_t)((b1 << 8) | b2);
247 /* Reads in a value from the constant pool. */
248 void skip_constant(FILE *classfile, u_int16_t *cur)
252 pool[*cur] = ftell(classfile);
253 switch(read_8(classfile))
256 len = read_16(classfile);
257 seekerr = fseek(classfile, len, SEEK_CUR);
262 seekerr = fseek(classfile, 2, SEEK_CUR);
264 case CP_METHODHANDLE:
265 seekerr = fseek(classfile, 3, SEEK_CUR);
271 case CP_INTERFACEMETHODREF:
273 case CP_INVOKEDYNAMIC:
274 seekerr = fseek(classfile, 4, SEEK_CUR);
278 seekerr = fseek(classfile, 8, SEEK_CUR);
288 void error(const char *format, ...)
291 va_start(ap, format);
292 vfprintf(stderr, format, ap);
297 int main(int argc, char **argv)
300 u_int16_t cp_count, i, this_class, classinfo_ptr;
306 error("%s: Missing input file\n", program);
307 classfile = fopen(argv[1], "rb");
309 error("%s: Error opening %s\n", program, argv[1]);
311 if(fseek(classfile, 8, SEEK_SET)) /* skip magic and version numbers */
313 cp_count = read_16(classfile);
314 pool = calloc(cp_count, sizeof(long));
316 error("%s: Out of memory for constant pool\n", program);
318 for(i = 1; i < cp_count; ++i)
319 skip_constant(classfile, &i);
320 if(fseek(classfile, 2, SEEK_CUR)) /* skip access flags */
323 this_class = read_16(classfile);
324 if(this_class < 1 || this_class >= cp_count)
326 if(!pool[this_class] || pool[this_class] == -1)
328 if(fseek(classfile, pool[this_class] + 1, SEEK_SET))
331 classinfo_ptr = read_16(classfile);
332 if(classinfo_ptr < 1 || classinfo_ptr >= cp_count)
334 if(!pool[classinfo_ptr] || pool[classinfo_ptr] == -1)
336 if(fseek(classfile, pool[classinfo_ptr] + 1, SEEK_SET))
339 length = read_16(classfile);
340 for(i = 0; i < length; ++i)
342 u_int8_t x = read_8(classfile);
345 if((x & 0xE0) == 0xC0)
347 u_int8_t y = read_8(classfile);
348 if((y & 0xC0) == 0x80)
350 int c = ((x & 0x1f) << 6) + (y & 0x3f);
358 else if(x == '/') putchar('.');
370 # /usr/local/java/bin/jarwrapper - the wrapper for binfmt_misc/jar
375 Now simply ``chmod +x`` the ``.class``, ``.jar`` and/or ``.html`` files you
378 To add a Java program to your path best put a symbolic link to the main
379 .class file into /usr/bin (or another place you like) omitting the .class
380 extension. The directory containing the original .class file will be
381 added to your CLASSPATH during execution.
384 To test your new setup, enter in the following simple Java app, and name
385 it "HelloWorld.java":
390 public static void main(String args[]) {
391 System.out.println("Hello World!");
395 Now compile the application with::
397 javac HelloWorld.java
399 Set the executable permissions of the binary file, with::
401 chmod 755 HelloWorld.class
403 And then execute it::
408 To execute Java Jar files, simple chmod the ``*.jar`` files to include
409 the execution bit, then just do::
414 To execute Java Applets, simple chmod the ``*.html`` files to include
415 the execution bit, then just do::
420 originally by Brian A. Lantz, brian@lantz.com
421 heavily edited for binfmt_misc by Richard Günther
422 new scripts by Colin J. Watson <cjw44@cam.ac.uk>
423 added executable Jar file support by Kurt Huwig <kurt@iku-netz.de>