1 This document details the changes between this version, bash-3.1-rc1,
2 and the previous version, bash-3.1-beta1.
6 a. Fixed a bug that could cause core dumps due of accessing the current
7 pipeline while in the middle of modifying it.
9 b. Fixed a bug that caused pathnames with backslashes still quoting characters
10 to be passed to opendir().
12 c. Command word completion now obeys the setting of completion-ignore-case.
14 d. Fixed a problem with redirection that caused file descriptors greater than
15 2 to be inappropriately marked as close-on-exec.
17 e. In Posix mode, after `wait' is called to wait for a particular process
18 explicitly, that process is removed from the list of processes known to
19 the shell, and subsequent attempts to wait for it return errors.
21 f. Fixed a bug that caused extended pattern matching to incorrectly scan
22 backslash-escaped pattern characters.
24 g. Fixed a synchronization problem that could cause core dumps when handling
27 h. Fixed a bug that caused an unmatched backquote to be accepted without an
28 error when processing here documents.
30 i. Fixed a small memory leak in the `cd' builtin.
32 j. Fix for MacOS X so it gets the values for the HOSTTYPE, MACHTYPE, and
33 OSTYPE variables at build time, to support universal binaries.
35 2. New Features in Bash
37 3. Changes to Readline
39 a. Fixed a bug that caused reversing the incremental search direction to
42 b. Fixed the vi-mode `U' command to only undo up to the first time insert mode
43 was entered, as Posix specifies.
45 4. New Features in Readline
47 a. New application-callable auxiliary function, rl_variable_value, returns
48 a string corresponding to a readline variable's value.
50 b. When parsing inputrc files and variable binding commands, the parser
51 strips trailing whitespace from values assigned to boolean variables
55 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------
56 This document details the changes between this version, bash-3.1-beta1,
57 and the previous version, bash-3.1-alpha1.
61 a. Added some system-specific signal names.
63 b. Fixed a typo in the ulimit builtin to make `x' the right option to
64 maniuplate the limit on file locks.
66 c. Fixed a problem with using += to append to index 0 of an array variable
67 when not using subscript syntax.
69 d. A few changes to configure.in to remove calls to obsolete or outdated
72 e. Make sure changes to variables bash handles specially (e.g., LC_ALL) are
73 made when the variable is set in the temporary environment to a command.
75 f. Make sure changes to variables bash handles specially (e.g., LC_ALL) are
76 made when the variable is modified using `printf -v'.
78 g. The export environment is now remade on cygwin when HOME is changed, so
79 DLLs bash is linked against pick up the new value. This fixes problems
80 with tilde expansion when linking against and already-installed readline.
82 h. Small fix to the logic for performing tilde expansion in posix mode, so
83 expansion on the right-hand side of an assignment statement takes place.
85 i. Fixed a bug that prevented redirections associated with a shell function
86 from being executed when in a subshell.
88 j. Fixed `source' and `.' builtins to not require an executable file when
89 searching $PATH for a file to source.
91 k. Fixed a bug that caused incorrect word splitting in a function when IFS
92 was declared local, then unset.
94 l. Fixed a problem with the `kill' builtin that prevented sending signals
95 to a process group under certain circumstances when providing a pid < 0.
97 m. When in POSIX mode, `pwd' now checks that the value it prints is the same
98 directory as `.', even when displaying $PWD.
100 n. Fixed a problem with the `read' builtin when reading a script from standard
101 input and reading data from the same file.
103 o. Fixed a problem with the `type' and `command' builtins that caused absolute
104 pathnames to be displayed incorrectly.
106 p. Some changes to the `bg' builtin for POSIX conformance.
108 q. The `fc' builtin now removes the `fc' command that caused it to invoke an
109 editor on specified history entries from the history entirely, rather than
112 r. When in POSIX mode, the `v' command in vi editing mode simply invokes vi
113 on the current command, rather than checking $FCEDIT and $EDITOR.
115 s. Fixed a small memory leak in the pathname canonicalization code.
117 t. Fixed a bug that caused the expanded value of a $'...' string to be
118 incorrectly re-quoted if it occurred within a double-quoted ${...}
121 u. Restored default emacs-mode key binding of M-TAB to dynamic-complete-history.
123 v. Fixed a bug that caused core dumps when interrupting loops running builtins
126 w. Make sure that some of the functions bash provides replacements for are
129 x. The code that scans embedded commands for the parser (`...` and $(...)) is
130 now more aware of embedded comments and their effect on quoted strings.
132 y. Changed the `-n' option to the `history' builtin to not reset the number of
133 history lines read in the current session after reading the new lines from
134 the history file if the history is being appended when it is written to
135 the file, since the appending takes care of the problem that the adjustment
136 was intended to solve.
138 z. Improved the error message displayed when a shell script fails to execute
139 because the environment and size of command line arguments are too large.
141 aa. A small fix to make sure that $HISTCMD is evaluated whenever the shell is
142 saving commands to the history list, not just when HISTSIZE is defined.
144 2. Changes to Readline
146 a. The `change-case' command now correctly changes the case of multibyte
149 b. Changes to the shared library construction scripts to deal with Windows
150 DLL naming conventions for Cygwin.
152 c. Fixed the redisplay code to avoid core dumps resulting from a poorly-timed
155 d. Fixed the non-incremental search code in vi mode to dispose of any current
156 undo list when copying a line from the history into the current editing
159 e. The variable assignment code now ignores whitespace at the end of lines.
161 f. The `C-w' binding in incremental search now understands multibyte
164 3. New Features in Bash
166 a. A new configuration option, `--enable-strict-posix-default', which will
167 build bash to be POSIX conforming by default.
169 4. New Features in Readline
171 a. If the rl_completion_query_items is set to a value < 0, readline never
172 asks the user whether or not to view the possible completions.
174 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------
175 This document details the changes between this version, bash-3.1-alpha1,
176 and the previous version, bash-3.0-release.
180 a. Fixed a bug that caused bash to crash if referencing an unset local array.
182 b. Fixed a problem that caused tilde expansion to not be performed before
183 attempting globbing word completion.
185 c. Fixed an incompatibility so that a first argument to trap that's a valid
186 signal number will be trated as a signal rather than a command to execute.
188 d. Fixed ${#word} expansion to correctly compute the length of a string
189 containing multibyte characters.
191 e. Fixed a bug that caused bash to not pass the correct flags for signal
192 disposition to child processes.
194 f. Fixed a bug that caused `fc -l' to list one too many history entries.
196 g. Some fixes to `fc' for POSIX conformance.
198 h. Some fixes to job status display for POSIX conformance.
200 i. Fixed a bug that caused `command -v' to display output if a command was not
201 found -- it should be silent.
203 j. In POSIX mode, `type' and `command -[vV]' do not report non-executable
204 files, even if the shell will attempt to execute them.
206 k. Fixed a bug that caused the `==' operator to the [[ command to not attempt
207 extended pattern matching.
209 l. Fixed the brace expansion code to handle characters whose value exceeds 128.
211 m. Fixed `printf' to handle strings with a leading `\0' whose length is
214 n. Fixed a couple of problems with brace expansion where `${' was handled
217 o. Fixed off-by-one error when calculating the upper bound of `offset' when
218 processing the ${array[@]:offset:length} expansion.
220 p. System-specific configuration changes for: FreeBSD 5.x, Interix, MacOS X
221 10.4, Linux 2.4+ kernels, Linux 3.x kernels, Dragonfly BSD, QNX 6.x,
224 q. Fixed a bug that caused the shell to ignore the status of the rightmost
225 command in a pipeline when the `pipefail' option was enabled.
227 r. Fixed a completion bug that caused core dumps when expanding a directory
230 s. Fixed a bug that prevented `hash -d' from removing commands from the hash
233 t. Fixed word splitting to avoid really bad quadratic performance when
234 expanding long lists.
236 u. Fixed a bug that caused negative offsets in substring expansion to use the
239 v. Fixed a bug in printf that caused it to not return failure on write errors.
241 w. Fixed a bug that caused commands in subshells to not be properly timed.
243 x. The shell parser no longer attempts to parse a compound assignment specially
244 unless in a position where an assignment statement is acceptable or parsing
245 arguments to a builtin that accepts assignment statements.
247 y. Fixed a problem that caused a `case' statement to be added to the history
248 incorrectly as a single command if the `case word' was on one line and the
251 z. Fixed a problem that caused internal shell quoting characters to be
252 incorrectly quoted with backslashes under some circumstances.
254 aa. The shell now performs correct word splitting when IFS contains multibyte
257 bb. The mail checking code now resets the cached file information if the size
258 drops to 0, even if the times don't change.
260 cc. A completed command name that is found in $PATH as well as the name of a
261 directory in the current directory no longer has a slash appended in certain
262 circumstances: a single instance found in $PATH when `.' is not in $PATH,
263 and multiple instances found in $PATH, even when `.' is in $PATH.
265 dd. Incorporated tilde expansion into the word expansion code rather than as a
266 separately-called function, fixing some cases where it was performed
267 inappropriately (e.g., after the second `=' in an assignment statement or
268 in a double-quoted parameter expansion).
270 ee. Fixed several bugs encountered when parsing compound assignment statements,
271 so that compound assignments appearing as arguments to builtins are no
272 longer double-expanded.
274 ff. Fixed a bug in the command execution code that caused asynchronous commands
275 containing command substitutions to not put the terminal in the wrong
278 gg. Bash now handles the case where the WCONTINUED flag causes waitpid() to
279 return -1/EINVAL at runtime as well as configuration time.
281 hh. Fixed parser to generate an error when the pipeline `argument' to `!' or
284 ii. The shell now takes a little more care when manipulating file descriptors
285 greater than 9 with the `exec' builtin.
287 jj. Fixed a bug that caused variable assignments preceding the `command' builtin
288 preceding a special builtin to be preserved after the command completed in
291 kk. Fixed a bug that allowed variables beginning with a digit to be created.
293 ll. Fixed a bug that caused a \<newline> to be removed when parsing a $'...'
296 mm. A shell whose name begins with `-' will now be a restricted shell if the
297 remainder of the name indicates it should be restricted.
299 nn. Fixed a bug that could cause a core dump if FUNCNAME were changed or unset
300 during a function's execution.
302 oo. Fixed a bug that caused executing a `return' in a function to not execute
303 a RETURN trap. The RETURN trap is inherited by shell functions only if
304 function tracing is globally enabled or has been enabled for that function.
306 pp. Fixed cases where var[@] was not handled exactly like var, when var is a
309 qq. Fixed a bug that caused the first character after a SIGINT to be discarded
310 under certain circumstances.
312 rr. Fixed exit status code so that a suspended job returns 128+signal as its
313 exit status (preventing commands after it in `&&' lists from being
316 ss. Fixed a bug that caused the shell parser state to be changed by executing
317 a shell function as a result of word completion.
319 tt. Fixed a long-standing bug that caused '\177' characters in variable
320 values to be discarded when expanded in double-quoted strings.
322 uu. Fixed a bug that caused $RANDOM to be re-seeded multiple times in a
323 subshell environment.
325 vv. Extensive changes to the job management code to avoid the pid-reuse and
326 pid-aliasing problems caused by retaining the exit status of too many jobs,
327 but still retain as many background job statuses as POSIX requires.
329 ww. Fixed a parser bug in processing \<newline> that caused things like
334 to not work correctly.
336 xx. `pwd -P' now sets $PWD to a directory name containing no symbolic links
337 when in posix mode, as POSIX requires.
339 yy. In posix mode, bash no longer sets $PWD to a name containing no symbolic
340 links if a directory is chosen from $CDPATH.
342 zz. The word splitting code now treats an IFS character that is not space,
343 tab, or newline and any adjacent IFS white space as a single delimiter, as
346 aaa. The `read' builtin now checks whether or not the number of fields read is
347 exactly the same as the number of variables instead of just assigning the
348 rest of the line (minus any trailing IFS white space) to the last
349 variable. This is what POSIX/SUS/XPG all require.
351 bbb. Fixed a bug that caused `read' to always check whether or not fd 0 was a
352 pipe, even when reading from another file descriptor.
354 ccc. Fixed a bug that caused short-circuiting of execution even if the return
355 value was being inverted.
357 ddd. Fixed a bug that caused a core dump while decoding \W escapes in PS1 if
360 eee. Fixed a bug in `read' that counted internal quoting characters for the
361 purposes of `read -n'.
363 fff. Fixed a bug so that a function definition in a pipeline causes a child
364 process to be forked at the right time.
366 ggg. Bash will not attempt to link against a readline library that doesn't
367 have rl_gnu_readline_p == 1.
369 hhh. Fixed a bug that caused `read' to consume one too many characters when
370 reading a fixed number of characters and the Nth character is a backslash.
372 iii. Fixed a bug that caused `unset' on variables in the temporary environment
373 to leave them set when `unset' completed.
375 jjj. Fixed a bug that caused bash to close fd 2 if an `exec' failed and the
378 kkk. The completion code is more careful to not turn `/' or `///' into `//',
379 for those systems on which `//' has special meaning.
381 lll. Fixed a bug that caused command substitution in asynchronous commands to
382 close the wrong file descriptors.
384 mmm. The shell no longer prints status messages about terminated background
385 processes unless job control is active.
387 nnn. Fixed a bug that prevented multiple consecutive invocations of `history -s'
388 from adding all the commands to the history list.
390 ooo. Added a couple of changes to make arithmetic expansion more consistent in
391 all its contexts (still not perfect).
393 ppp. Fixed a bug that caused the parser to occasionally not find the right
394 terminating "`" in an old-style command substitution.
396 qqq. Fixed a bug that caused core dumps when the shell was reading its non-
397 interactive input from fd 0 and fd 0 was duplicated and restored using a
398 combination of `exec' (to save) and redirection (to restore).
400 rrr. Fixed a problem that caused loops in sourced scripts to not be cleaned
401 up properly when a `return' is executed.
403 sss. Change internal command substitution completion function to append a slash
404 to directory names in the command.
406 2. Changes to Readline
408 a. Fixed a bug that caused multiliine prompts to be wrapped and displayed
411 b. Fixed a bug that caused ^P/^N in emacs mode to fail to display the current
414 c. Fixed a problem in computing the number of invisible characters on the first
415 line of a prompt whose length exceeds the screen width.
417 d. Fixed vi-mode searching so that failure preserves the current line rather
418 than the last line in the history list.
420 e. Fixed the vi-mode `~' command (change-case) to have the correct behavior at
421 end-of-line when manipulating multibyte characters.
423 f. Fixed the vi-mode `r' command (change-char) to have the correct behavior at
424 end-of-line when manipulating multibyte characters.
426 g. Fixed multiple bugs in the redisplay of multibyte characters: displaying
427 prompts longer than the screen width containing multibyte characters,
429 h. Fix the calculation of the number of physical characters in the prompt
430 string when it contains multibyte characters.
432 i. A non-zero value for the `rl_complete_suppress_append' variable now causes
433 no `/' to be appended to a directory name.
435 j. Fixed forward-word and backward-word to work when words contained
436 multibyte characters.
438 k. Fixed a bug in finding the delimiter of a `?' substring when performing
439 history expansion in a locale that supports multibyte characters.
441 l. Fixed a memory leak caused by not freeing the timestamp in a history entry.
443 m. Fixed a bug that caused "\M-x" style key bindings to not obey the setting
444 of the `convert-meta' variable.
446 n. Fixed saving and restoring primary prompt when prompting for incremental
447 and non-incremental searches; search prompts now display multibyte
448 characters correctly.
450 o. Fixed a bug that caused keys originally bound to self-insert but shadowed
451 by a multi-character key sequence to not be inserted.
453 p. Fixed code so rl_prep_term_function and rl_deprep_term_function aren't
454 dereferenced if NULL (matching the documentation).
456 q. Extensive changes to readline to add enough state so that commands
457 requiring additional characters (searches, multi-key sequences, numeric
458 arguments, commands requiring an additional specifier character like
459 vi-mode change-char, etc.) work without synchronously waiting for
462 r. Lots of changes so readline builds and runs on MinGW.
464 s. Readline no longer tries to modify the terminal settings when running in
467 t. The Readline display code no longer sets the location of the last invisible
468 character in the prompt if the \[\] sequence is empty.
470 3. New Features in Bash
472 a. Bash now understands LC_TIME as a special variable so that time display
473 tracks the current locale.
475 b. BASH_ARGC, BASH_ARGV, BASH_SOURCE, and BASH_LINENO are no longer created
476 as `invisible' variables and may not be unset.
478 c. In POSIX mode, if `xpg_echo' option is enabled, the `echo' builtin doesn't
479 try to interpret any options at all, as POSIX requires.
481 d. The `bg' builtin now accepts multiple arguments, as POSIX seems to specify.
483 e. Fixed vi-mode word completion and glob expansion to perform tilde
486 f. The `**' mathematic exponentiation operator is now right-associative.
488 g. The `ulimit' builtin has new options: -i (max number of pending signals),
489 -q (max size of POSIX message queues), and -x (max number of file locks).
491 h. A bare `%' once again expands to the current job when used as a job
494 i. The `+=' assignment operator (append to the value of a string or array) is
495 now supported for assignment statements and arguments to builtin commands
496 that accept assignment statements.
498 j. BASH_COMMAND now preserves its value when a DEBUG trap is executed.
500 k. The `gnu_errfmt' option is enabled automatically if the shell is running
501 in an emacs terminal window.
503 l. New configuration option: --single-help-strings. Causes long help text
504 to be written as a single string; intended to ease translation.
506 m. The COMP_WORDBREAKS variable now causes the list of word break characters
507 to be emptied when the variable is unset.
509 n. An unquoted expansion of $* when $IFS is empty now causes the positional
510 parameters to be concatenated if the expansion doesn't undergo word
513 o. Bash now inherits $_ from the environment if it appears there at startup.
515 p. New shell option: nocasematch. If non-zero, shell pattern matching ignores
516 case when used by `case' and `[[' commands.
518 q. The `printf' builtin takes a new option: -v var. That causes the output
519 to be placed into var instead of on stdout.
521 r. By default, the shell no longer reports processes dying from SIGPIPE.
523 s. Bash now sets the extern variable `environ' to the export environment it
524 creates, so C library functions that call getenv() (and can't use the
525 shell-provided replacement) get current values of environment variables.
527 4. New Features in Readline
529 a. The key sequence sent by the keypad `delete' key is now automatically
530 bound to delete-char.
532 b. A negative argument to menu-complete now cycles backward through the
535 c. A new bindable readline variable: bind-tty-special-chars. If non-zero,
536 readline will bind the terminal special characters to their readline
537 equivalents when it's called (on by default).
539 d. New bindable command: vi-rubout. Saves deleted text for possible
540 reinsertion, as with any vi-mode `text modification' command; `X' is bound
541 to this in vi command mode.
543 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------
544 This document details the changes between this version, bash-3.0-release,
545 and the previous version, bash-3.0-rc1.
549 a. Fixed a boundary overrun that could cause segmentation faults when the
550 completion code hands an incomplete construct to the word expansion
553 b. Changed posix mode behavior so that an error in a variable assignment
554 preceding a special builtin causes a non-interactive shell to exit.
556 c. Change the directory expansion portion of the completion code to not
557 expand embedded command substitutions if the directory name appears in
560 d. Fixed a problem that caused `bash -r' to turn on restrictions before
561 reading the startup files.
563 e. Fixed a problem with the default operation of the `umask' builtin.
565 2. Changes to Readline
567 a. Fixed a problem with readline saving the contents of the current line
568 before beginning a non-interactive search.
570 b. Fixed a problem with EOF detection when using rl_event_hook.
572 c. Fixed a problem with the vi mode `p' and `P' commands ignoring numeric
575 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------
576 This document details the changes between this version, bash-3.0-rc1,
577 and the previous version, bash-3.0-beta1.
581 a. Fixed a bug that caused incorrect behavior when referecing element 0 of
582 an array using $array, element 0 was unset, and `set -u' was enabled.
584 b. System-specific changes for: SCO Unix 3.2, Tandem.
586 c. Fixed a bug that caused inappropriate word splitting when a variable was
587 expanded within a double-quoted string that also included $@.
589 d. Fixed a bug that caused `pwd' to not display anything in physical mode
590 when the file system had changed underneath the shell.
592 e. Fixed a bug in the pre- and post- increment and decrement parsing in the
593 expression evaluator that caused errors when the operands and corresponding
594 operators were separated by whitespace.
596 f. Fixed a bug that caused `history -p' to add an entry to the history list,
597 counter to the documentation. (Keeps the history expansions invoked by
598 emacs-mode command line editing from doing that as well.)
600 g. Fixed a bug that could cause a core dump if `cd' is asked to print out a
601 pathname longer than PATH_MAX characters.
603 h. Fixed a bug that caused jobs to be put into the wrong process group under
604 some circumstances after enabling job control with `set -m'.
606 i. `unalias' now returns failure if no alias name arguments are supplied.
608 j. Documented the characters not allowed to appear in an alias name.
610 k. $* is no longer expanded as if in double quotes when it appears in the
611 body of a here document, as the SUS seems to require.
613 l. The `bashbug' script now uses a directory in $TMPDIR for exclusive
614 access rather than trying to guess how the underlying OS provides for
615 secure temporary file creation.
617 m. Fixed a few problems with `cd' and `pwd' when asked to operate on pathnames
618 longer than PATH_MAX characters.
620 n. Fixed a memory leak caused when creating multiple local array variables
621 with identical names.
623 o. Fixed a problem with calls to getcwd() so that bash now operates better
624 when the full pathname to the current directory is longer than PATH_MAX
627 p. The `trap' builtin now reports an error if a single non-signal argument
630 q. Fixed a bug that caused `umask' to not work correctly when presented
631 with a mask of all 0s.
633 r. When `getopts' reaches the end of options, OPTARG is unset, as POSIX
636 s. Interactive mode now depends on whether or not stdin and stderr are
637 connected to a tty; formerly it was stdin and stdout. POSIX requires
640 t. Fixed vi-mode completion to work more as POSIX specifies (e.g., doing the
641 right kind of filename generation).
643 2. Changes to Readline
645 a. Fixed a problem that could cause readline to refer to freed memory when
646 moving between history lines while doing searches.
648 b. Improvements to the code that expands and displays prompt strings
649 containing multibyte characters.
651 c. Fixed a problem with vi-mode not correctly remembering the numeric argument
652 to the last `c'hange command for later use with `.'.
654 d. Fixed a bug in vi-mode that caused multi-digit count arguments to work
657 e. Fixed a problem in vi-mode that caused the last text modification command
658 to not be remembered across different command lines.
660 f. Fixed problems with changing characters and changing case at the end of
663 3. New Features in Bash
665 a. The `jobs', `kill', and `wait' builtins now accept job control notation
666 even if job control is not enabled.
668 b. The historical behavior of `trap' that allows a missing `action' argument
669 to cause each specified signal's handling to be reset to its default is
670 now only supported when `trap' is given a single non-option argument.
672 4. New Features in Readline
674 a. When listing completions, directories have a `/' appended if the
675 `mark-directories' option has been enabled.
677 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------
678 This document details the changes between this version, bash-3.0-beta1,
679 and the previous version, bash-3.0-alpha.
683 a. Fixes to build correctly when arrays are not compiled into the shell.
685 b. Fixed command substitution to run any exit trap defined in the command
686 substitution before returning; the exit trap is not inherited from the
689 c. Fixes to process group synchronization code so that every child process
690 attempts to set the terminal's process group; fixes some synchronization
691 problems on Linux kernels that schedule the child to always run before
694 d. Fixed processing of octal and hex constants in printf builtin for POSIX.2
697 e. Fixed a couple of core dumps in the pattern removal code.
699 f. Fixes to the array subrange extraction code to deal better with sparse
702 g. Parser errors and other errors that result in the shell exiting now cause
703 the exit trap to be run.
705 h. Change the command substitution completion functions to not append any
706 closing quote, because it would be inserted a closing "`" or ")".
708 i. Fix history initialization so assignments to $histchars made in startup
711 j. If an exit trap does not contain a call to `exit', the shell now uses
712 the exit status of the last command executed before the trap as the exit
715 k. The parser now prompts with $PS2 if it reads a newline while parsing a
716 compound array assignment statement.
718 l. When performing a compound array assignment, the parser doesn't treat
719 words of the form [index]=value as assignments if they're the result of
722 m. Fixed a bug that caused `return' executed in a trap command to make the
723 shell think it was still running the trap.
725 n. Fixed the value of errno set by the pathname canonicalization functions.
727 o. Changed the grammar so that `time' alone on a line times a null command
728 rather than being a syntax error.
730 p. The pattern substitution code no longer performs quote removal on the
731 pattern before trying to match it, as the pattern removal functions do.
733 q. Fixed a bug that could cause core dumps when checking whether a quoted
734 command name was being completed.
736 r. Fixes to the pattern removal and pattern replacement expansions to deal
737 with multibyte characters better (and faster).
739 s. Fix to the substring expansion (${param:off[:len]}) to deal with (possibly
740 multibyte) characters instead of raw bytes.
742 t. Fixed a bug that caused some key bindings set in an inputrc to be ignored
745 u. Fixed a bug that caused unsetting a local variable within a function to
748 v. Fixed a bug that caused invalid variables to be created when using
751 w. Fixed a bug that caused "$@" to expand incorrectly when used as the right
752 hand side of a parameter expansion such as ${word:="$@"} if the first
753 character of $IFS was not a space.
755 x. Fixed a slight cosmetic problem when printing commands containing a
756 `>&word' redirection.
758 y. Fixed a problem that could cause here documents to not be created correctly
759 if the system temporary directory did not allow writing.
761 2. Changes to Readline
763 a. Change to history expansion functions to treat `^' as equivalent to word
764 one, as the documention states.
766 b. Some changes to the display code to improve display and redisplay of
767 multibyte characters.
769 c. Changes to speed up the multibyte character redisplay code.
771 d. Fixed a bug in the vi-mode `E' command that caused it to skip over the
772 last character of a word if invoked while point was on the word's
773 next-to-last character.
775 e. Fixed a bug that could cause incorrect filename quoting when
776 case-insensitive completion was enabled and the word being completed
777 contained backslashes quoting word break characters.
779 f. Fixed a bug in redisplay triggered when the prompt string contains
780 invisible characters.
782 g. Fixed some display (and other) bugs encountered in multibyte locales
783 when a non-ascii character was the last character on a line.
785 h. Fixed some display bugs caused by multibyte characters in prompt strings.
787 i. Fixed a problem with history expansion caused by non-whitespace characters
788 used as history word delimiters.
790 3. New Features in Bash
792 a. printf builtin understands two new escape sequences: \" and \?.
794 b. `echo -e' understands two new escape sequences: \" and \?.
796 c. The GNU `gettext' package and libintl have been integrated; the shell's
797 messages can be translated into different languages.
799 d. The `\W' prompt expansion now abbreviates $HOME as `~', like `\w'.
801 e. The error message printed when bash cannot open a shell script supplied
802 as argument 1 now includes the name of the shell, to better identify
803 the error as coming from bash.
805 4. New Features in Readline
807 a. New application variable, rl_completion_quote_character, set to any
808 quote character readline finds before it calls the application completion
811 b. New application variable, rl_completion_suppress_quote, settable by an
812 application completion function. If set to non-zero, readline does not
813 attempt to append a closing quote to a completed word.
815 c. New application variable, rl_completion_found_quote, set to a non-zero
816 value if readline determines that the word to be completed is quoted.
817 Set before readline calls any application completion function.
819 d. New function hook, rl_completion_word_break_hook, called when readline
820 needs to break a line into words when completion is attempted. Allows
821 the word break characters to vary based on position in the line.
823 e. New bindable command: unix-filename-rubout. Does the same thing as
824 unix-word-rubout, but adds `/' to the set of word delimiters.
826 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------
827 This document details the changes between this version, bash-3.0-alpha,
828 and the previous version, bash-2.05b-release.
832 a. Fixes so that the shell will compile without some of the default options
835 b. Fixed an error message that did not pass enough arguments to printf.
837 c. Fixed a bug that caused input redirection to a builtin inside a script
838 being read from standard input to result in the rest of the already-
839 read and buffered script to be discarded.
841 d. Fixed a bug that caused subshell initialization to close the file
842 descriptor from which the shell was reading a script under certain
845 e. Fixed a bug that caused the shell to not advance a string pointer over
846 a null wide character when doing string operations.
848 f. Fixed the internal logout code so that shells that time out waiting for
849 input (using $TMOUT) run ~/.bash_logout.
851 g. Portability and configuration changes for: cygwin, HP/UX, GNU/FreeBSD.
853 h. The parser no longer adds implicit double quotes to ((...)) arithmetic
856 i. The ((...)) arithmetic command evaluation code was fixed to not dump core
857 when the expanded string is null.
859 j. The ((...)) arithmetic command evaluation code was fixed to not perform
860 variable assignments while expanding the expression.
862 k. Fixed a bug that caused word splitting to be performed incorrectly when
863 IFS is set, but null.
865 l. Fixed a bug in brace expansion that caused a quoted `$' preceding an
866 open brace to inhibit brace expansion.
868 m. Fixed a bug that caused a leading `-' in the shell's name to cause it to
869 not be recognized as a restricted shell.
871 n. Fixed a bug in the arithmetic evaluation code that could cause longjmps
872 to an invalid location and result in a core dump.
874 o. Fixed a bug in the calculation of how many history lines are new in a
875 single shell session when reading new history lines from a file with
878 p. Fixed a bug in pathname canonicalization that caused the shell to dump
879 core when presented with a pathname longer than PATH_MAX.
881 q. Fixed the parser so that it doesn't try to compare a char variable to
882 EOF, which fails when chars are unsigned.
884 r. Fixed a bug in the simple command execution code that caused occasional
887 s. The shell does a better job of saving any partial parsing state during
888 operations which cause a command to be executed while a line is being
891 t. The completion code now splits words more like the expansion code when
892 $IFS is used to split.
894 u. The locale code does a better job of recomputing the various locale
895 variable values when LC_ALL is unset.
897 v. The programmable completion code does a better job of dequoting expanded
898 word lists before comparing them against the word to be matched.
900 w. The shell no longer seg faults if the expanded value of $PS4 is null
901 and `set -x' is enabled.
903 x. Fixed a bug that caused core dumps when a here string expanded to NULL.
905 y. The mail checking code now makes sure the mailbox is bigger before
906 reporting the existence of new mail.
908 z. The parser does not try to expand $'...' and $"..." when the appear
909 within double quotes unless the `extquote' option has been enabled with
910 `shopt'. For backwards compatibility, it is enabled by default.
912 aa. Fixed a bug that caused `for x; do ...' and `select x; do ... to use
913 $@ instead of "$@" for the implicit list of arguments.
915 bb. Fixed a bug that caused a subshell of a restricted shell (e.g., one
916 spawned to execute a pipeline) to not exit immediately if attempting
917 to use a command containing a slash.
919 cc. Fixed a problem with empty replacements for a pattern that doesn't match
920 when performing ${param/word/} expansion.
922 dd. Word expansions performed while expanding redirections no longer search
923 a command's temporary environment to expand variable values.
925 ee. Improvements to the alias expansion code when expanding subsequent words
926 because an aliase's value ends with a space.
928 ff. `cd -' now prints the current working directory after a successful chdir
929 even when the shell is not interactive, as the standard requires.
931 gg. The shell does a better job of ensuring a child process dies of SIGINT
932 before resending SIGINT to itself.
934 hh. The arithmetic expansion variable assignment code now does the right
935 thing when assigning to `special' variables like OPTIND.
937 ii. When history expansion verification is enabled, the bash readline helper
938 functions that do history expansion on the current line don't print
941 jj. Fixed bugs with multiple consecutive alias expansion when one of the
942 expansions ends with a space.
944 kk. Fixed a problem in the programmable completion code that could cause core
945 dumps when trying to initialize a set of possible completions from a
948 ll. The \[ and \] escape characters are now ignored when decoding the prompt
949 string if the shell is started with editing disabled.
951 mm. Fixed a bug that could leave extra characters in a string when doing
952 quoted null character removal.
954 nn. Command substitution and other subshell operations no longer reset the
955 line number (aids the bash debugger).
957 oo. Better line number management when executing simple commands, conditional
958 commands, for commands, and select commands.
960 pp. The globbing code now uses malloc, with its better failure properties,
961 rather than alloca().
963 qq. Fixed a bug that caused expansions like #{a[2]:=value} to create the
964 appropriate array element instead of a variable named `a[2]'.
966 rr. Fixed a bug in the handling of a `?(...)' pattern immediately following
967 a `*' when extglob is enabled.
969 ss. Fixed a bug that caused a `return' invoked in an exit trap when exit is
970 invoked in a function to misbehave.
972 tt. Fixed a bug that caused CTLESC and CTLNUL characters to not be escaped
973 by the internal shell string quoting functions.
975 uu. Fixed a bug that caused quoted null characters in an expanded word list
976 to be inappropriately assigned to an array variable when using `read -a'.
978 vv. Fixed a bug that caused redirections accompanying a null command to persist
979 in the current shell.
981 ww. Fixed a bug that caused the prompt to be printed when the shell was
982 expanding a multiline alias.
984 xx. Fixed a bug that resulted in core dumps when the completion for a command
985 changed the compspec.
987 yy. Fixed a bug that caused evaluation of programmable completions to print
988 notifications of completed jobs.
990 zz. Bash now disables line editing when $EMACS == `t' and $TERM == `dumb'
991 (which is what emacs shell windows do).
993 aaa. In posix mode, `kill -l' causes signal names to be displayed without
996 bbb. Clear error flag on standard output so it doesn't persist across multiple
999 ccc. In posix mode, `alias' displays alias values without the leading `alias',
1000 so the output cannot be used as subsequent input.
1002 ddd. In posix mode, the `trap' builtin doesn't check whether or not its
1003 first argument is a signal specification and revert the signal handling
1004 to its original disposition if it is.
1006 eee. Fixed several bugs in the handling of "$*" and "${array[*]}" by the
1007 pattern substitution and removal expansions.
1009 fff. Fixed several problems with the handling of ${array[@]}, ${array[*]},
1010 $@, and $* by the indirect variable expansion code.
1012 ggg. Fixed a bug that did not allow `time' to be aliased.
1014 hhh. Improved the mail checking code so it won't check (and possibly cause an
1015 NFS file system mount) until MAILPATH or MAIL is given a value -- there
1016 is no default if DEFAULT_MAIL_DIRECTORY is not defined at compile time.
1017 (It is computed by configure, but can be #undef'd in config-bot.h.)
1019 iii. If the `chkwinsize' option is enabled, the shell checks for window size
1020 changes if a child process exits due to a signal.
1022 jjj. Removed the attempts to avoid adding a slash at the end of a completed
1023 executable name if there was a directory with the same name in the
1026 kkk. Fixed PATH lookup code so it treats the permission bits separately for
1027 owner, group, and other, rather than checking them all.
1029 lll. Fixed the locale code to reset the parser's idea of the character class
1030 <blank>, which controls how it splits tokens, when the locale changes.
1032 mmm. The shell now binds its special readline functions and key bindings only
1033 if the user's inputrc file has not already bound them.
1035 nnn. The shell now reports on processes that dump core due to signals when
1036 invoked as `-c command'.
1038 2. Changes to Readline
1040 a. Fixes to avoid core dumps because of null pointer references in the
1041 multibyte character code.
1043 b. Fix to avoid infinite recursion caused by certain key combinations.
1045 c. Fixed a bug that caused the vi-mode `last command' to be set incorrectly.
1047 d. Readline no longer tries to read ahead more than one line of input, even
1048 when more is available.
1050 e. Fixed the code that adjusts the point to not mishandle null wide
1053 f. Fixed a bug in the history expansion `g' modifier that caused it to skip
1056 g. Fixed a bug that caused the prompt to overwrite previous output when the
1057 output doesn't contain a newline and the locale supports multibyte
1058 characters. This same change fixes the problem of readline redisplay
1059 slowing down dramatically as the line gets longer in multibyte locales.
1061 h. History traversal with arrow keys in vi insertion mode causes the cursor
1062 to be placed at the end of the new line, like in emacs mode.
1064 i. The locale initialization code does a better job of using the right
1065 precedence and defaulting when checking the appropriate environment
1068 j. Fixed the history word tokenizer to handle <( and >( better when used as
1071 k. The overwrite mode code received several bug fixes to improve undo.
1073 l. Many speedups to the multibyte character redisplay code.
1075 m. The callback character reading interface should not hang waiting to read
1078 n. Fixed a bug with redoing vi-mode `s' command.
1080 o. The code that initializes the terminal tracks changes made to the terminal
1081 special characters with stty(1) (or equivalent), so that these changes
1082 are reflected in the readline bindings. New application-callable function
1083 to make it work: rl_tty_unset_default_bindings().
1085 p. Fixed a bug that could cause garbage to be inserted in the buffer when
1086 changing character case in vi mode when using a multibyte locale.
1088 q. Fixed a bug in the redisplay code that caused problems on systems
1089 supporting multibyte characters when moving between history lines when the
1090 new line has more glyphs but fewer bytes.
1092 r. Undo and redo now work better after exiting vi insertion mode.
1094 s. Make sure system calls are restarted after a SIGWINCH is received using
1097 t. Improvements to the code that displays possible completions when using
1098 multibyte characters.
1100 u. Fixed a problem when parsing nested if statements in inputrc files.
1102 v. The completer now takes multibyte characters into account when looking for
1103 quoted substrings on which to perform completion.
1105 w. The history search functions now perform better bounds checking on the
1108 3. New Features in Bash
1110 a. ANSI string expansion now implements the \x{hexdigits} escape.
1112 b. There is a new loadable `strftime' builtin.
1114 c. New variable, COMP_WORDBREAKS, which controls the readline completer's
1115 idea of word break characters.
1117 d. The `type' builtin no longer reports on aliases unless alias expansion
1118 will actually be performed.
1120 e. HISTCONTROL is now a colon-separated list of values, which permits
1121 more extensibility and backwards compatibility.
1123 f. HISTCONTROL may now include the `erasedups' option, which causes all lines
1124 matching a line being added to be removed from the history list.
1126 g. `configure' has a new `--enable-multibyte' argument that permits multibyte
1127 character support to be disabled even on systems that support it.
1129 h. New variables to support the bash debugger: BASH_ARGC, BASH_ARGV,
1130 BASH_SOURCE, BASH_LINENO, BASH_SUBSHELL, BASH_EXECUTION_STRING,
1133 i. FUNCNAME has been changed to support the debugger: it's now an array
1136 j. for, case, select, arithmetic commands now keep line number information
1139 k. There is a new `RETURN' trap executed when a function or sourced script
1140 returns (not inherited child processes; inherited by command substitution
1141 if function tracing is enabled and the debugger is active).
1143 l. New invocation option: --debugger. Enables debugging and turns on new
1144 `extdebug' shell option.
1146 m. New `functrace' and `errtrace' options to `set -o' cause DEBUG and ERR
1147 traps, respectively, to be inherited by shell functions. Equivalent to
1148 `set -T' and `set -E' respectively. The `functrace' option also controls
1149 whether or not the DEBUG trap is inherited by sourced scripts.
1151 n. The DEBUG trap is run before binding the variable and running the action
1152 list in a `for' command, binding the selection variable and running the
1153 query in a `select' command, and before attempting a match in a `case'
1156 o. New `--enable-debugger' option to `configure' to compile in the debugger
1159 p. `declare -F' now prints out extra line number and source file information
1160 if the `extdebug' option is set.
1162 q. If `extdebug' is enabled, a non-zero return value from a DEBUG trap causes
1163 the next command to be skipped, and a return value of 2 while in a
1164 function or sourced script forces a `return'.
1166 r. New `caller' builtin to provide a call stack for the bash debugger.
1168 s. The DEBUG trap is run just before the first command in a function body is
1169 executed, for the debugger.
1171 t. `for', `select', and `case' command heads are printed when `set -x' is
1174 u. There is a new {x..y} brace expansion, which is shorthand for {x.x+1,
1175 x+2,...,y}. x and y can be integers or single characters; the sequence
1176 may ascend or descend; the increment is always 1.
1178 v. New ksh93-like ${!array[@]} expansion, expands to all the keys (indices)
1181 w. New `force_fignore' shopt option; if enabled, suffixes specified by
1182 FIGNORE cause words to be ignored when performing word completion even
1183 if they're the only possibilities.
1185 x. New `gnu_errfmt' shopt option; if enabled, error messages follow the `gnu
1186 style' (filename:lineno:message) format.
1188 y. New `-o bashdefault' option to complete and compgen; if set, causes the
1189 whole set of bash completions to be performed if the compspec doesn't
1192 z. New `-o plusdirs' option to complete and compgen; if set, causes directory
1193 name completion to be performed and the results added to the rest of the
1194 possible completions.
1196 aa. `kill' is available as a builtin even when the shell is built without
1199 bb. New HISTTIMEFORMAT variable; value is a format string to pass to
1200 strftime(3). If set and not null, the `history' builtin prints out
1201 timestamp information according to the specified format when displaying
1202 history entries. If set, bash tells the history library to write out
1203 timestamp information when the history file is written.
1205 cc. The [[ ... ]] command has a new binary `=~' operator that performs
1206 extended regular expression (egrep-like) matching.
1208 dd. `configure' has a new `--enable-cond-regexp' option (enabled by default)
1209 to enable the =~ operator and regexp matching in [[ ... ]].
1211 ee. Subexpressions matched by the =~ operator are placed in the new
1212 BASH_REMATCH array variable.
1214 ff. New `failglob' option that causes an expansion error when pathname
1215 expansion fails to produce a match.
1217 gg. New `set -o pipefail' option that causes a pipeline to return a failure
1218 status if any of the processes in the pipeline fail, not just the last
1221 4. New Features in Readline
1223 a. History expansion has a new `a' modifier equivalent to the `g' modifier
1224 for compatibility with the BSD csh.
1226 b. History expansion has a new `G' modifier equivalent to the BSD csh `g'
1227 modifier, which performs a substitution once per word.
1229 c. All non-incremental search operations may now undo the operation of
1230 replacing the current line with the history line.
1232 d. The text inserted by an `a' command in vi mode can be reinserted with
1235 e. New bindable variable, `show-all-if-unmodified'. If set, the readline
1236 completer will list possible completions immediately if there is more
1237 than one completion and partial completion cannot be performed.
1239 f. There is a new application-callable `free_history_entry()' function.
1241 g. History list entries now contain timestamp information; the history file
1242 functions know how to read and write timestamp information associated
1245 h. Four new key binding functions have been added:
1247 rl_bind_key_if_unbound()
1248 rl_bind_key_if_unbound_in_map()
1249 rl_bind_keyseq_if_unbound()
1250 rl_bind_keyseq_if_unbound_in_map()
1252 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------
1253 This document details the changes between this version, bash-2.05b-release,
1254 and the previous version, bash-2.05b-beta2.
1258 a. Fixed an off-by-one error in the function that translates job
1261 b. Note that we're running under Emacs and disable line editing if
1264 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------
1265 This document details the changes between this version, bash-2.05b-beta2,
1266 and the previous version, bash-2.05b-beta1.
1270 a. Fixed the /= and %= arithmetic operators to catch division by zero.
1272 b. Added putenv, setenv, unsetenv to getenv replacement for completeness.
1274 c. Fixed a bug that could cause the -O expand_aliases invocation option
1277 d. Fixed a problem with process substitution that resulted in incorrect
1278 behavior when the number of process substitutions in an individual
1279 command approached 64.
1281 2. Changes to Readline
1283 a. Fixed a problem with backward-char-search when on a system with support
1284 for multibyte characters when running in a locale without any multibyte
1287 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------
1288 This document details the changes between this version, bash-2.05b-beta1,
1289 and the previous version, bash-2.05b-alpha1.
1293 a. Fixed a problem when parsing a POSIX.2 character class name while
1294 evaluating a bracket expression containing multibyte characters.
1296 b. Changed the help text for `bind' to make it clear that any command
1297 that may be placed in ~/.inputrc is a valid argument to `bind'.
1299 c. Added `help' builtin entries for `((', `[[', and arithmetic for.
1301 d. malloc updated again:
1302 o slightly better overflow and underflow detection by putting the
1303 chunk size at the beginning and end of the chunk and making
1304 sure they match in free/realloc
1305 o partial page allocated to make things page-aligned no longer
1307 o block coalescing now enabled by default
1308 o splitting and coalescing enabled for 32-byte chunks, the most
1309 common size requested
1310 o fixed a problem that resulted in spurious underflow messages and
1312 o bin sizes are precomputed and stored in an array rather than
1313 being computed at run time
1314 o malloc will return memory blocks back to the system if the block
1315 being freed is at the top of the heap and of sufficient size to
1317 o malloc/free/realloc now inline memset instead of calling the
1318 libc function; uses Duff's device for good performance
1320 e. Check for getservent(); make the service name completion code dependent
1323 f. Changed the readline callback that executes a command bound to a key
1324 sequence to not save the executed command on the history list and to
1325 save and restore the parsing state.
1327 g. Changes to lib/sh/snprintf.c: fixed some bugs in the `g' and `G'
1328 floating point format display; implemented the "'" flag character
1329 that turns on thousands' grouping; fixed behavior on systems where
1330 MB_CUR_MAX does not evaluate to a constant.
1332 h. The `unset' builtin no longer returns a failure status when asked to
1333 unset a previously-unset variable or function.
1335 i. Changes to the build system to make it easier to cross-compile bash
1336 for different systems.
1338 j. Added `,' to the characters that are backslash-escaped during filename
1339 completion, to avoid problems with complete-into-braces and RCS filenames
1342 k. Some changes to the multibyte character support code to avoid many calls
1345 l. Bash now correctly honors setting LANG to some value when LC_ALL does not
1346 already have a value.
1348 m. Fixed a bug that could cause SIGSEGV when processing nested traps with
1351 n. The `source/.' builtin now restores the positional parameters when it
1352 returns unless they were changed using the `set' builtin during the file's
1355 o. Fixed a bug that caused a syntax error when a command was terminated by
1358 2. New Features in Bash
1360 a. There is now support for placing the long help text into separate files
1361 installed into ${datadir}/bash. Not enabled by default; can be turned
1362 on with `--enable-separate-helpfiles' option to configure.
1364 b. All builtins that take operands accept a `--' pseudo-option, except
1367 c. The `echo' builtin now accepts \0xxx (zero to three octal digits following
1368 the `0') in addition to \xxx (one to three octal digits) for SUSv3/XPG6/
1369 POSIX.1-2001 compliance.
1371 3. Changes to Readline
1373 a. Fixed a small problem in _rl_insert_char with multibyte characters.
1375 b. Fixes from IBM for line wrapping problems when using multibyte characters.
1377 c. Fixed a problem which caused the display to be messed up when the last
1378 line of a multi-line prompt (possibly containing invisible characters)
1379 was longer than the screen width.
1381 d. Fixed a problem with the vi-mode `r' command that ocurred on systems with
1382 support for multibyte characters when running in a locale without any
1383 multibyte characters.
1385 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------
1386 This document details the changes between this version, bash-2.05b-alpha1,
1387 and the previous version, bash-2.05a-release.
1391 a. Some changes to work around inlining differences between compilers.
1393 b. Added more prototypes for internal shell typedefs, to catch argument
1394 passing errors when using pointers to functions.
1396 c. The `cd' builtin now fails in posix mode when a valid directory cannot be
1397 constructed from a relative pathname argument and the $PWD using pathname
1398 canonicalization, and the -P option has not been supplied. Previously,
1399 the shell would attempt to use what the user typed, leading to weird
1400 values for $PWD and discrepancies between the value of $PWD and the
1401 actual working directory.
1403 d. The `cd' builtin now resets $PWD when canonicalization fails but a chdir
1404 to the pathname passed as an argument succeeds (when not in posix mode).
1406 e. The `fc' builtin has been fixed, as POSIX requires, to use the closest
1407 history position in range when given an out-of-range argument.
1409 f. The history file loading code was changed to allow lines to be saved in
1410 the history list from the shell startup files.
1412 g. `history -s args' now works better in compound commands.
1414 h. The tilde expansion code was fixed to better recognize when it's being
1415 invoked in an assignment context, which enables expansion after `='
1418 i. Fixed the command name completion code so a slash is no longer appended
1419 to a single match if there happens to be a directory with that name in
1422 j. Fixed compound array assignment to no longer perform alias expansion, to
1423 allow reserved words as array members, and to not produce extra output
1424 when the `-v' option had been enabled.
1426 k. Fixed the programmable completion code to better handle newlines in lists
1427 of possible completions (e.g., `complete -W').
1429 l. Removed the reserved words from the `bash-builtins' manual page.
1431 m. Parser error reporting now attempts to do a better job of identifying the
1432 token in error rather than doing straight textual analysis.
1434 n. Fixes for Inf/NaN, locales, wide/multibyte characters and zero-length
1435 arguments in the library snprintf(3) replacement.
1437 o. `read -e' no longer does command name completion on the first word on
1438 the line being read.
1440 p. `select' now returns failure if the read of the user's selection fails.
1442 q. Fixed a bug that could cause a core dump when setting $PIPESTATUS.
1444 r. Fixes to not allocate so many job slots when the shell is running a loop
1445 with job control enabled in a subshell of an interactive shell.
1447 s. Fixed a bug in the trap code that caused traps to be inherited by
1448 command substitutions in some cases.
1450 t. Fixed a bug that could cause alias expansion to inappropriately expand
1451 the word following the alias.
1453 u. Fixed a bug in the `kill' builtin that mishandled negative pid arguments.
1455 v. The parser is less lenient when parsing assignment statements where the
1456 characters before the `=' don't comprise a valid identifier.
1458 w. The arithmetic expression evaluation code now honors the setting of the
1459 `-u' option when expanding variable names.
1461 x. Fixed the arithmetic evaluation code to allow array subscripts to be
1462 assigned (`let b[7]=42') and auto-incremented and auto-decremented
1465 y. Reimplemented the existing prompt string date and time expansions using
1466 strftime(3), which changed the output of \@ in some locales.
1468 z. Fixed a bug that could cause a core dump when a special shell variable
1469 (like RANDOM) was converted to an array with a variable assignment.
1471 aa. Fixed a bug that would reset the handler for a signal the user had
1472 trapped to a function that would exit the shell when setting the exit
1473 trap in a non-interactive shell.
1475 bb. Changed the execve(2) wrapper code to check whether or not a failing
1476 command is a directory before looking at whether a `#!' interpreter
1477 failed for some reason.
1479 cc. Fixed a bug in the command printing code so it no longer inserts a `;'
1480 after a newline, which produces a syntax error when reused as input.
1482 dd. The code that expands $PS4 no longer inherits the `-x' flag.
1484 ee. The bash-specific completion functions may now take advantage of the
1485 double-TAB and M-? features of the standard readline completion
1488 ff. The mail checking code no longer prints a message if the checked file's
1489 size has not increased, even if the access time is less than the modification time.
1491 gg. Rewrote the variable symbol table code: there is now a stack of
1492 contexts, each possibly including a separate symbol table; there can
1493 be more than one temporary environment supplied to nested invocations
1494 of `./source'; the temporary environments no longer require so much
1495 special-case code; shell functions now handle the temporary environment
1496 and local variables more consistently; function scope exit is faster now
1497 that the entire symbol table does not have to be traversed to dispose of
1498 local variables; it is now easier to push vars from the temporary
1499 environment to the shell's variable table in posix mode; some duplicated
1500 code has been removed.
1502 hh. Regularized the error message printing code; builtin_error is now called
1503 more consistently, and common error message strings are handled by small
1504 functions. This should make eventual message translation easier.
1506 ii. Error messages now include the line number in a script when the shell
1509 jj. Array subscript expansion now takes place even when the array variable is
1510 unset, so side effects will take place.
1512 kk. Fixed a bug in the SICGHLD child-reaping code so that it won't find
1513 jobs already marked as terminated if the OS reuses pids quickly enough.
1515 ll. Fixed a bug that could cause a signal to not interrupt the `wait'
1516 builtin while it was waiting for a background process to terminate.
1518 mm. A couple of changes to make it easier for multiple shells to share history
1519 files using `history -n', `history -r', and `history -w'.
1521 nn. The `getopts' builtin always increments OPTIND to point to the next
1522 option to be handled when an option is returned, whether it's valid
1523 or not, as POSIX 1003.x-2001 requires.
1525 oo. Changed some parts of the expansion code to avoid allocating and
1526 immediately freeing memory without using the results for anything.
1528 pp. The shell now keeps track of $IFS internally, updating its internal map
1529 each time the variable is assigned a new value (or at local scope exit).
1530 This saves thousands of hash lookups for IFS, which, while individually
1533 qq. Rewrote the hash table code: searching and insertion are much faster now,
1534 and it uses a better string hashing function; augmented the function
1535 interface to simplify other parts of the code and remove duplicated code
1537 rr. The shell now uses a simple, generic `object cache' for allocating and
1538 caching words and word lists, which were the major users of
1541 ss. Fixed the assignment statement parsing code to allow whitespace and
1542 newlines in subscripts when performing array element assignment.
1544 tt. The shell now issues many fewer calls to sigprocmask and other signal
1545 masking system calls.
1547 uu. Fixed the `test' and conditional command file comparison operators to
1548 work right when one file has a non-positive timestamp and the other
1551 vv. Fixed some cases where the special characters '\001' and '\177' in the
1552 values of variables or positional parameters caused incorrect expansion
1555 2. Changes to Readline
1557 a. Fixed output of comment-begin character when listing variable values.
1559 b. Added some default key bindings for common escape sequences produced by
1562 c. Fixed the mark handling code to be more emacs-compatible.
1564 d. A bug was fixed in the code that prints possible completions to keep it
1565 from printing empty strings in certain circumstances.
1567 e. Change the key sequence printing code to print ESC as M\- if ESC is a
1568 meta-prefix character -- it's easier for users to understand than \e.
1570 f. Fixed unstifle_history() to return values that match the documentation.
1572 g. Fixed the event loop (rl_event_hook) to handle the case where the input
1573 file descriptor is invalidated.
1575 h. Fixed the prompt display code to work better when the application has a
1576 custom redisplay function.
1578 i. Changes to make reading and writing the history file a little faster, and
1579 to cope with huge history files without calling abort(3) from xmalloc.
1581 j. The vi-mode `S' and `s' commands are now undone correctly.
1583 3. New Features in Bash
1585 a. If set, TMOUT is the default timeout for the `read' builtin.
1587 b. `type' has two new options: `-f' suppresses shell function lookup, and
1588 `-P' forces a $PATH search.
1590 c. New code to handle multibyte characters.
1592 d. `select' was changed to be more ksh-compatible, in that the menu is
1593 reprinted each time through the loop only if REPLY is set to NULL.
1594 The previous behavior is available as a compile-time option.
1596 e. `complete -d' and `complete -o dirnames' now force a slash to be
1597 appended to names which are symlinks to directories.
1599 f. There is now a bindable edit-and-execute-command readline command,
1600 like the vi-mode `v' command, bound to C-xC-e in emacs mode.
1602 g. Added support for ksh93-like [:word:] character class in pattern matching.
1604 h. The $'...' quoting construct now expands \cX to Control-X.
1606 i. A new \D{...} prompt expansion; passes the `...' to strftime and inserts
1607 the result into the expanded prompt.
1609 j. The shell now performs arithmetic in the largest integer size the
1610 machine supports (intmax_t), instead of long.
1612 k. If a numeric argument is supplied to one of the bash globbing completion
1613 functions, a `*' is appended to the word before expansion is attempted.
1615 l. The bash globbing completion functions now allow completions to be listed
1616 with double tabs or if `show-all-if-ambiguous' is set.
1618 m. New `-o nospace' option for `complete' and `compgen' builtins; suppresses
1619 readline's appending a space to the completed word.
1621 n. New `here-string' redirection operator: <<< word.
1623 o. When displaying variables, function attributes and definitions are shown
1624 separately, allowing them to be re-used as input (attempting to re-use
1625 the old output would result in syntax errors).
1627 p. There is a new configuration option `--enable-mem-scramble', controls
1628 bash malloc behavior of writing garbage characters into memory at
1629 allocation and free time.
1631 q. The `complete' and `compgen' builtins now have a new `-s/-A service'
1632 option to complete on names from /etc/services.
1634 r. `read' has a new `-u fd' option to read from a specified file descriptor.
1636 s. Fix the completion code so that expansion errors in a directory name
1637 don't cause a longjmp back to the command loop.
1639 t. Fixed word completion inside command substitution to work a little more
1642 u. The `printf' %q format specifier now uses $'...' quoting to print the
1643 argument if it contains non-printing characters.
1645 v. The `declare' and `typeset' builtins have a new `-t' option. When applied
1646 to functions, it causes the DEBUG trap to be inherited by the named
1647 function. Currently has no effect on variables.
1649 w. The DEBUG trap is now run *before* simple commands, ((...)) commands,
1650 [[...]] conditional commands, and for ((...)) loops.
1652 x. The expansion of $LINENO inside a shell function is only relative to the
1653 function start if the shell is interactive -- if the shell is running a
1654 script, $LINENO expands to the line number in the script. This is as
1655 POSIX-2001 requires.
1657 y. The bash debugger in examples/bashdb has been modified to work with the
1658 new DEBUG trap semantics, the command set has been made more gdb-like,
1659 and the changes to $LINENO make debugging functions work better. Code
1662 z. New [n]<&word- and [n]>&word- redirections from ksh93 -- move fds (dup
1665 aa. There is a new `-l' invocation option, equivalent to `--login'.
1667 bb. The `hash' builtin has a new `-l' option to list contents in a reusable
1668 format, and a `-d' option to remove a name from the hash table.
1670 4. New Features in Readline
1672 a. Support for key `subsequences': allows, e.g., ESC and ESC-a to both
1673 be bound to readline functions. Now the arrow keys may be used in vi
1676 b. When listing completions, and the number of lines displayed is more than
1677 the screen length, readline uses an internal pager to display the results.
1678 This is controlled by the `page-completions' variable (default on).
1680 c. New code to handle editing and displaying multibyte characters.
1682 d. The behavior introduced in bash-2.05a of deciding whether or not to
1683 append a slash to a completed name that is a symlink to a directory has
1684 been made optional, controlled by the `mark-symlinked-directories'
1685 variable (default is the 2.05a behavior).
1687 e. The `insert-comment' command now acts as a toggle if given a numeric
1688 argument: if the first characters on the line don't specify a
1689 comment, insert one; if they do, delete the comment text
1691 f. New application-settable completion variable:
1692 rl_completion_mark_symlink_dirs, allows an application's completion
1693 function to temporarily override the user's preference for appending
1694 slashes to names which are symlinks to directories.
1696 g. New function available to application completion functions:
1697 rl_completion_mode, to tell how the completion function was invoked
1698 and decide which argument to supply to rl_complete_internal (to list
1701 h. Readline now has an overwrite mode, toggled by the `overwrite-mode'
1702 bindable command, which could be bound to `Insert'.
1704 i. New application-settable completion variable:
1705 rl_completion_suppress_append, inhibits appending of
1706 rl_completion_append_character to completed words.
1708 j. New key bindings when reading an incremental search string: ^W yanks
1709 the currently-matched word out of the current line into the search
1710 string; ^Y yanks the rest of the current line into the search string,
1711 DEL or ^H deletes characters from the search string.
1713 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------
1714 This document details the changes between this version, bash-2.05a-release,
1715 and the previous version, bash-2.05a-rc1.
1719 a. Fixed the `printf' builtin so that the variable name supplied as an
1720 argument to a %n conversion must be a valid shell identifier.
1722 b. Improved the random number generator slightly.
1724 c. Changes to configuration to not put -I/usr/include into $CFLAGS, since
1725 it messes up some includes.
1727 d. Corrected description of POSIXLY_CORRECT in man page and info manual.
1729 e. Fixed a couple of cases of incorrect function prototypes that sneaked
1730 through and caused compilation problems.
1732 f. A few changes to avoid potential core dumps in the programmable completion
1735 g. Fixed a configure problem that could cause a non-existent file to show
1738 h. Fixed a configure problem that could cause siglist.o to not be built when
1741 i. Changes to the strtoimax and strtoumax replacement functions to work
1742 around buggy compilers.
1744 j. Fixed a problem with the snprintf replacement function that could
1745 potentially cause a core dump.
1747 2. Changes to Readline
1749 a. Fixed a locale-specific problem in the vi-mode `goto mark' command.
1751 b. Fixed Makefile to not put -I/usr/include into CFLAGS, since it can cause
1752 include file problems.
1754 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------
1755 This document details the changes between this version, bash-2.05a-rc1,
1756 and the previous version, bash-2.05a-beta1.
1760 a. Fixed the snprintf replacement to correctly implement the `alternate form'
1761 of the %g and %G conversions.
1763 b. Fixed snprintf to correctly handle the optional precision with the %g and
1766 c. Fixed the arithmetic evaluation code to correct the values of `@' and `_'
1767 when translating base-64 constants (they were backwards).
1769 d. New library functions for formatting long and long long ints.
1771 e. Fixed a few places where negative array subscripts could have occurred,
1772 mostly as the result of systems using signed characters.
1774 f. Fixed a few places that assumed a pid_t was no wider than an int.
1776 g. Fixed the `maildir' mail checking code to work on systems where a
1777 `struct stat' doesn't include an `st_blocks' member.
1779 h. Fixed snprintf to make `unsigned long long' conversion formats (%llu)
1782 i. Fixed snprintf to not print a sign when asked to do an unsigned conversion.
1784 j. Made configure changes to avoid compiling empty source files in lib/sh.
1786 k. New replacement functions (if necessary) for strtoull, strtoll, strtoimax,
1789 l. The `printf' builtin now handles the `ll' and `j' length modifiers
1790 directly, since they can affect the type and width of the argument
1791 passed to printf(3).
1793 m. Renamed a number of the bash-specific autoconf macros in aclocal.m4 to
1794 have more sytematic naming, with accompanying changes to configure.in.
1796 n. Fixed snprintf to handle long doubles and the %a/%A conversions by
1797 falling back to sprintf, as long as sprintf supports them.
1799 o. Fixed return value from vsnprintf/snprintf to be the number of characters
1800 that would have been printed, even if that number exceeds the buffer
1801 size passed as an argument.
1803 p. Bash no longer attempts to define its own versions of some ctype macros
1804 if they are implemented as functions in libc but not as macros in
1807 q. Changed the variable printing code (used by `set', `export', etc.) to
1808 not use the $'...' syntax when in posix mode, since that caused
1809 interoperability problems with other shells (most notably with autoconf).
1810 When not in posix mode, it uses $'...' if the string to be printed
1811 contains non-printing characters and regular single quotes otherwise.
1813 r. snprintf now recognizes the %F conversion.
1815 s. Fixed a bug that could cause the wrong status to be returned by a shell
1816 function when the shell is compiled without job control and a null
1817 command containing a command substutition was executed in the function.
1819 t. When in posix mode, the default value for MAILCHECK is 600.
1821 u. Bash only initializes FUNCNAME, GROUPS, and DIRSTACK as special variables
1822 if they're not in the initial environment.
1824 v. If SECONDS appears in the initial environment with a valid integer value,
1825 bash uses that as the starting value, as if an assignment had been
1828 w. Bash no longer auto-exports HOME, PATH, SHELL, or TERM, even though it
1829 gives them default values if they don't appear in the initial environment.
1831 x. Bash no longer auto-exports HOSTNAME, HOSTTYPE, MACHTYPE, or OSTYPE,
1832 even if it assigns them default values.
1834 y. Bash no longer removes the export attribute from SSH_CLIENT or SSH2_CLIENT
1835 if they appear in the initial environment.
1837 z. Bash no longer attempts to discover if it's being run by sshd in order to
1838 run the startup files. If the SSH_SOURCE_BASHRC is uncommented in
1839 config-top.h it will attempt to do so as previously, but that's commented
1840 out in the distributed version.
1842 aa. Fixed a typo in the code that tests for LC_NUMERIC.
1844 bb. The POSIXLY_CORRECT shell variable and its effects are now documented.
1846 cc. Some changes to several of the support shell scripts included in the
1847 definitions to try to avoid race conditions and attacks.
1849 dd. Several changes to avoid warnings from `gcc -Wall'.
1851 ee. Fixed a problem with the `unset' builtin that could cause incorrect
1852 results if asked to unset a variable and an array subscript in the
1855 ff. A few changes to the shell's temporary file creation code to avoid
1856 potential file descriptor leaks and to prefer the system's idea of
1857 the temporary directory to use.
1859 gg. Fixes to build with the C alloca in lib/malloc/alloca.c if the system
1860 requires it but the shell has been configured --without-bash-malloc.
1862 hh. Updated the documentation to note that only interactive shells resend
1863 SIGHUP to all jobs before exiting.
1865 ii. Fixes to only pass unquoted tilde words to tilde_expand, rather than
1866 rely on tilde_expand or getpwnam(3) to handle the quotes (MacOS 10.x
1867 will remove backslashes in any login name passed to getpwnam(3)).
1869 jj. Small change from Paul Eggert to make LINENO right in commands run with
1872 2. New Features in Bash
1874 a. The `printf' builtin now handles the %a and %A conversions if they're
1875 implemented by printf(3).
1877 b. The `printf' builtin now handles the %F conversion (just about like %f).
1879 c. The `printf' builtin now handles the %n conversion like printf(3). The
1880 corresponding argument is the name of a shell variable to which the
1883 3. Changes to Readline
1885 a. Fixed a few places where negative array subscripts could have occurred.
1887 b. Fixed the vi-mode code to use a better method to determine the bounds of
1888 the array used to hold the marks.
1890 c. Fixed the defines in chardefs.h to work better when chars are signed.
1892 d. Fixed configure.in to use the new names for bash autoconf macros.
1894 e. Readline no longer attempts to define its own versions of some ctype
1895 macros if they are implemented as functions in libc but not as macros in
1898 f. Fixed a problem where rl_backward could possibly set point to before
1899 the beginning of the line.
1901 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------
1902 This document details the changes between this version, bash-2.05a-beta1,
1903 and the previous version, bash-2.05a-alpha1.
1907 a. Fixed a bug in the evalution of arithmetic `for' statements when the
1908 expanded expression is NULL.
1910 b. Fixed an unassigned variable problem in the redirection printing code.
1912 c. Added more prototypes to extern function declarations in the header
1913 files and to static function declarations in C source files.
1915 d. Make sure called functions have a prototype in scope, to get the arguments
1916 and return values right instead of casting. Removed extern function
1917 declarations from C source files that were already included in header
1920 e. Changed some function arguments to use function typedefs in general.h so
1921 the prototypes can be checked. The only use of Function and VFunction
1922 now is for unwind-protects.
1924 f. More const changes to function arguments and appropriate variables.
1926 g. Changed the mail checking support to handle `maildir'-style mail
1929 h. Augmented the bash malloc to pass in the file and line number information
1930 for each malloc, realloc, and free. This should result in better error
1933 i. The `old' gnu malloc is no longer a configuration option.
1935 j. Augmented the bash malloc with optional tracing and registering allocated
1938 k. Prompt string decoding now saves and restores the value of $? when it
1939 expands the prompt string, so command substitutions don't change $?.
1941 i. Array indices are now `long', since shell arithmetic is performed as long,
1942 and the internal arrayind_t type is used consistently.
1944 j. Some more `unsigned char *' fixes from Paul Eggert.
1946 k. Fixed a bad call to builtin_error that could cause core dumps when making
1949 l. `return' may no longer be used to terminate a `select' command, for
1950 compatibility with ksh.
1952 m. Changed code that reads octal numbers to do a better job of detecting
1955 n. The time formatting code no longer uses absolute indices into a buffer,
1956 because the buffer size changes depending on the size of a `time_t'.
1958 o. `umask' now prints four digits when printing in octal mode, for
1959 compatibility with other shells.
1961 p. Lots of changes to the `printf' builtin from Paul Eggert: it handles `L'
1962 formats and long doubles better, and internal functions have been
1963 simpified where appropriate.
1965 q. Some `time_t' fixes for machines were a time_t is bigger than a long.
1967 r. Replaced some bash-specific autoconf macros with standard equivalents.
1969 s. Improvmed the code that constructs temporary filenames to make the
1970 generated names a bit more random.
1972 t. Added code that checks for ascii before calling any of the is* ctype
1975 u. Changed some places where a `char' was used as an array subscript to use
1976 `unsigned char', since a `char' can be negative if it's signed by default.
1978 v. Lots of changes to the `ulimit' builtin from Paul Eggert to add support
1979 for the new POSIX-200x RLIM_SAVED_CUR and RLIM_SAVED_MAX values and
1982 w. `ulimit' now prints the description of a resource in any error message
1983 relating to fetching or setting that resource's limits.
1985 x. The `snprintf' replacement now computes maximum values at compile
1986 time rather than using huge constants for things like long long.
1988 y. Interactive shells now ignore `set -n'.
1990 z. Changed the malloc bookkeeping information so that it's now 8 bytes
1991 instead of 12 on most 32-bit machines (saving 4 bytes per allocation),
1992 restoring 8-byte alignment.
1994 aa. The malloc error reporting code now attempts to print the file and line
1995 number of the call that caused the error.
1997 bb. Changed the redirection error reporting code to catch EBADF errors and
1998 report the file descriptor number rather than the file being redirected
1999 to or from (e.g., things like `exec 4242<x' where 4242 is an out-of-range
2002 cc. `printf', `echo -e', and the $'...' code now process only two hex digits
2003 after a `\x' escape sequence for compatibility with other shells, and
2004 the documentation was changed to note that the octal and hex escape
2005 sequences result in an eight-bit value rather than strict ASCII.
2007 2. Changes to Readline
2009 a. The completion code now attempts to do a better job of preserving the
2010 case of the word the user typed if ignoring case in completions.
2012 b. Readline defaults to not echoing the input and lets the terminal
2013 initialization code enable echoing if there is a controlling terminal.
2015 c. The key binding code now processes only two hex digits after a `\x'
2016 escape sequence, and the documentation was changed to note that the
2017 octal and hex escape sequences result in an eight-bit value rather
2020 3. New Features in Bash
2022 a. The builtin `ulimit' now takes two new non-numeric arguments: `hard',
2023 meaning the current hard limit, and `soft', meaning the current soft
2024 limit, in addition to `unlimited'
2026 b. `ulimit' now prints the option letter associated with a particular
2027 resource when printing more than one limit.
2029 c. `ulimit' prints `hard' or `soft' when a value is not `unlimited' but is
2030 one of RLIM_SAVED_MAX or RLIM_SAVED_CUR, respectively.
2032 4. New Features in Readline
2034 a. New bindable variable `history-preserve-point'. If set, the history
2035 code attempts to place the user at the same location on each history
2036 line retrived with previous-history or next-history.
2038 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------
2039 This document details the changes between this version, bash-2.05a-alpha1,
2040 and the previous version, bash-2.05-release.
2044 a. Better checks in the redirection code for write errors.
2046 b. bashbug now uses $TMPDIR, defaulting to /tmp, and uses mktemp(1) more
2049 c. System-specific configuration changes for: Interix, OpenBSD, FreeBSD,
2052 d. Some more `const' cleanups through the code.
2054 e. Fixed a typo in the /dev/fd redirection code, better checks for valid
2055 numeric fds in /dev/fd.
2057 f. Fixed many parts of the shell to handle integer overflow more gracefully
2058 and to do more stringent checks for valid numbers.
2060 g. Fixed mksignames to include config.h.
2062 h. Fixed an uninitialized variable problem that could cause the shell to core
2063 dump when replacing characters in a string.
2065 i. New mechanism for updating the patch level when official patches are
2066 released (patchlevel.h).
2068 j. configure.in changed to no longer require external files _distribution and
2071 k. Fixed non-interactive shell initialization problem when bash started as
2074 l. Fixed printf builtin conversion error handling to be POSIX.2-conformant.
2076 m. autoconf-2.52 is now used to build configure; autoconf-2.50 or newer is
2077 required. Some of the bash-specific macros were removed, since they are
2080 n. Startup files and files read with source or `.' are no longer required to
2083 o. Fixed core dump in builtin printf when user-supplied precision or field
2086 p. Fixed builtin printf to treat a negative field width as a positive field
2087 width with left-justification.
2089 r. New unwind-protect implementation from Paul Eggert.
2091 s. Fixed an inadvertently-unclosed comment in the bash completion code that
2092 caused programmable completions to not add trailing slashes or spaces to
2095 t. Fixed the process substitution code to cope better when stdin is closed.
2097 v. Fixes, mostly from Paul Eggert, for a few possible buffer overflows in
2100 w. Fixes from Paul Eggert to avoid most of the type casts in the shell code,
2101 and use more appropriate types for a number of variables.
2103 x. Command substition no longer inherits the DEBUG trap.
2105 y. Some fixes to the process substition code on machines without /dev/fd so
2106 that named pipes are not removed inappropriately.
2108 z. The loadable `getconf' builtin is now much more complete, and will become
2109 part of the shell in the future.
2111 aa. The select command no longer terminates on a `return', so it can be used
2112 to return from an enclosing function (as ksh does it).
2114 bb. Fixed the extended pattern matching code to behave better when presented
2115 with incorrectly-formed patterns.
2117 cc. Some changes were made with the intent of making cross-compilation easier.
2119 dd. The network code (/dev/tcp and /dev/udp redirections) uses getaddrinfo(3)
2120 if it's available, which adds support for IPv6.
2122 ee. Subshells of login shells no longer source ~/.bash_logout when they exit.
2124 ff. Fixes so that subshells don't exit inappropriately if the -e option has
2127 gg. Restricted shells no longer allow functions to be exported.
2129 hh. Changes to the pattern matching code so extended pattern matching works
2130 on systems with deficient shared library implementations, like MacOS X.
2132 ii. Better error messages when a script with a leading `#!interp' fails
2133 to execute because of problems with `interp'.
2135 jj. Fixed `compgen' to handle the `-o default' option better.
2137 kk. Fixed the job control code to force an asynchronous process's standard
2138 input to /dev/null only if job control is not active.
2140 ll. Fixed a possible infinite recursion problem when `fc ""=abc' (a null
2141 pattern) is used to re-execute a previous command.
2143 mm. Fixed `declare [-a] var=value' to assign VALUE to element 0 if VAR is an
2144 array variable. Similarly for `declare [-a] var[N]=value'. This is like
2147 nn. Fixed a bug that caused `read -a aname' to work even if ANAME had been
2150 oo. Fixed a possible integer overflow problem when constructing names for
2153 2. New Features in Bash
2155 a. Added support for DESTDIR installation root prefix, so you can do a
2156 `make install DESTDIR=bash-root' and do easier binary packaging.
2158 b. Added support for builtin printf "'" flag character as per latest POSIX
2161 c. Support for POSIX.2 printf(1) length specifiers `j', `t', and `z' (from
2164 d. New autoconf macro, RL_LIB_READLINE_VERSION, for use by other applications
2165 (bash doesn't use very much of what it returns).
2167 e. `set [-+]o nolog' is recognized as required by the latest POSIX drafts,
2170 f. New read-only `shopt' option: login_shell. Set to non-zero value if the
2171 shell is a login shell.
2173 g. New `\A' prompt string escape sequence; expands to time in 24 HH:MM format.
2175 h. New `-A group/-g' option to complete and compgen; does group name
2178 i. New `-t' option to `hash' to list hash values for each filename argument.
2180 j. New [-+]O invocation option to set and unset `shopt' options at startup.
2182 k. configure's `--with-installed-readline' option now takes an optional
2183 `=PATH' suffix to set the root of the tree where readline is installed
2186 l. The ksh-like `ERR' trap has been added. The `ERR' trap will be run
2187 whenever the shell would have exited if the -e option were enabled.
2188 It is not inherited by shell functions.
2190 m. `readonly', `export', and `declare' now print variables which have been
2191 given attributes but not set by assigning a value as just a command and
2192 a variable name (like `export foo') when listing, as the latest POSIX
2195 n. `bashbug' now requires that the subject be changed from the default.
2197 o. configure has a new `--enable-largefile' option, like other GNU utilities.
2199 p. `for' loops now allow empty word lists after `in', like the latest POSIX
2202 3. Changes to Readline
2204 a. More `const' and type casting fixes.
2206 b. Changed rl_message() to use vsnprintf(3) (if available) to fix buffer
2209 c. The completion code no longer appends a `/' or ` ' to a match when
2210 completing a symbolic link that resolves to a directory name, unless
2211 the match does not add anything to the word being completed. This
2212 means that a tab will complete the word up to the full name, but not
2213 add anything, and a subsequent tab will add a slash.
2215 d. Fixed a trivial typo that made the vi-mode `dT' command not work.
2217 e. Fixed the tty code so that ^S and ^Q can be inserted with rl_quoted_insert.
2219 f. Fixed the tty code so that ^V works more than once.
2221 g. Changed the use of __P((...)) for function prototypes to PARAMS((...))
2222 because the use of __P in typedefs conflicted g++ and glibc.
2224 4. New Features in Readline
2226 a. Added extern declaration for rl_get_termcap to readline.h, making it a
2227 public function (it was always there, just not in readline.h).
2229 b. New #defines in readline.h: RL_READLINE_VERSION, currently 0x0402,
2230 RL_VERSION_MAJOR, currently 4, and RL_VERSION_MINOR, currently 2.
2232 c. New readline variable: rl_readline_version, mirrors RL_READLINE_VERSION.
2234 d. New bindable boolean readline variable: match-hidden-files. Controls
2235 completion of files beginning with a `.' (on Unix). Enabled by default.
2237 e. The history expansion code now allows any character to terminate a
2238 `:first-' modifier, like csh.
2240 f. The incremental search code remembers the last search string and uses
2241 it if ^R^R is typed without a search string.
2243 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------
2244 This document details the changes between this version, bash-2.05-release,
2245 and the previous version, bash-2.05-beta2.
2249 a. Make sure we note that the first line of a multi-line command was not
2250 saved in the history if the tests for HISTCONTROL succeed, but the
2251 HISTIGNORE check fails.
2253 b. Fixed a bug in the pattern matching code that caused `[' to be treated
2254 as a special character inside a `[...]' bracket expression.
2256 c. Fixed a bug in the pattern matching code that caused `]' to terminate
2257 a bracket expression even if it was the first character after the `['
2258 (or a leading `!' or `^').
2260 d. Made a small change to report a more user-friendly error message if
2261 execve(2) fails because of an error with the interpreter in a script
2262 with a leading `#! interpreter'.
2264 e. If the OS does not support an exec(2) magic number of `#!', make sure we
2265 have a non-null interpreter name before attempting to execute it.
2267 f. Fixed a bug that caused the shell process to end up in a different
2268 process group than the controlling terminal if a job-control shell was
2269 run with `exec' in the startup files.
2271 g. When started in POSIX mode, either by `bash --posix', `bash -o posix', or
2272 `sh', $SHELLOPTS includes `posix' and POSIXLY_CORRECT is set.
2274 h. Fixed a problem that caused the `\W' prompt string escape sequence to
2275 expand to nothing when $PWD was `//'.
2277 i. The `bashbug' shell script no longer uses $(...) command substitution.
2279 j. When `set' is invoked without options in POSIX mode, it no longer prints
2280 the names and definitions of shell functions.
2282 2. Changes to Readline
2284 a. rl_set_paren_blink_timeout() is now documented.
2286 b. Corrected history.3 man page: `$' is not in the default value of
2287 history_word_delimiters.
2289 c. If a hook function assigned to rl_event_hook sets rl_done to a non-zero
2290 value, rl_read_key() now immediately returns '\n' (which is assumed to
2291 be bound to accept-line).
2293 3. New Features in Bash
2295 a. The `>&word' redirection now works in POSIX mode as it does by default,
2296 since POSIX.2 leaves it unspecified.
2298 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------
2299 This document details the changes between this version, bash-2.05-beta2,
2300 and the previous version, bash-2.05-beta1.
2304 a. Fixed a bug in the arithmetic evaluation code so that a^=b is supported.
2306 b. Fixed startup so posixly_correct is retained across subshells begun to
2307 execute scripts without a leading `#!'.
2309 c. Fixed a bug that caused $(< file) to not work in a (...) subshell.
2311 d. Added config support for Linux running on the IBM S390.
2313 e. Fixed a bug that caused bash to get its input pointer out of sync when
2314 reading commands through a pipe and running a command with standard
2315 input redirected from a file.
2317 f. Made a change so that command completion now makes about half as many
2318 stat(2) calls when searching the $PATH.
2320 g. Fixed a bug that caused variable assignments preceding `return' to not
2321 be propagated to the shell environment in POSIX mode.
2323 h. Fixed a bug with ${parameter[:]?word} -- tilde expansion was not performed
2326 i. In POSIX mode, `break' and `continue' do not complain and return success
2327 if called when the shell is not executing a loop.
2329 j. Fixed `bash -o posix' to work the same as `bash --posix'.
2331 k. Fixed a bug where variable assignments preceding `eval' or `source/.'
2332 would not show up in the environment exported to subshells run by the
2335 l. In POSIX mode, shells started to execute command substitutions inherit
2336 the value of the `-e' option from their parent shell.
2338 m. In POSIX mode, aliases are expanded even in non-interactive shells.
2340 n. Changed some of the job control messages to display the text required by
2341 POSIX.2 when the shell is in POSIX mode.
2343 o. Fixed a bug in `test' that caused it to occasionally return incorrect
2344 results when non-numeric arguments were supplied to `-t'.
2346 2. Changes to Readline
2348 a. Some changes were made to avoid gcc warnings with -Wall.
2350 b. rl_get_keymap_by_name now finds keymaps case-insensitively, so
2351 `set keymap EMACS' works.
2353 c. The history file writing and truncation functions now return a useful
2356 d. Fixed a bug that could cause applications to dereference a NULL pointer
2357 if a NULL second argument was passed to history_expand().
2359 3. New Features in Bash
2361 a. doc/readline.3 has been moved to the readline distribution.
2363 4. New Features in Readline
2365 a. New function, rl_get_screen_size (int *rows, int *columns), returns
2366 readline's idea of the screen dimensions.
2368 b. The timeout in rl_gather_tyi (readline keyboard input polling function)
2369 is now settable via a function (rl_set_keyboard_input_timeout()).
2371 c. Renamed the max_input_history variable to history_max_entries; the old
2372 variable is maintained for backwards compatibility.
2374 d. The list of characters that separate words for the history tokenizer is
2375 now settable with a variable: history_word_delimiters. The default
2378 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------
2379 This document details the changes between this version, bash-2.05-beta1,
2380 and the previous version, bash-2.05-alpha1.
2384 a. Changes to allow shared library and object building on the GNU Hurd.
2386 b. Fixes to the way exported functions are placed into the environment and
2389 c. The globbing library once again respects locales when processing ranges
2390 in bracket expressions while doing pattern matching.
2392 d. System-specific configuration changes for: Tru 64, Interix
2394 e. Bashbug now uses /usr/bin/editor as one of the editing alternatives, and
2395 will use mktemp(1) or tempfile(1), if present, for temporary file creation.
2397 f. Bash no longer performs a binary file check on a script argument that's
2398 really a tty (like /dev/fd/0 or /dev/stdin).
2400 g. Fixed a bug in the execution of shell scripts that caused the effects of
2401 $BASH_ENV to be undone in some cases.
2403 h. Fixed several bugs that made `bash [-i] /dev/stdin' not work correctly.
2405 i. Several changes to the job control code to avoid some signal state
2408 j. The Bash malloc no longer blocks signals as often, which should make it
2411 k. Fixed a parsing bug that did not allow backslash to escape a single quote
2412 inside a $'...' construct.
2414 l. Fixed a bug that caused things like ${var:=$'value'} to be parsed
2415 incorrectly. This showed up in newer versions of autoconf.
2417 m. Fixed a bug in the bash-specific readline initialization that caused
2418 key bindings to bash-specific function names appearing in .inputrc to
2421 n. Bash now sets the file descriptor it uses to save the file descriptor
2422 opened on a shell script to close on exec.
2424 o. Fixed a bug in the prompt string decoding that caused it to misbehave
2425 when presented an octal sequence of fewer than three characters.
2427 p. Fixed the `test' builtin to return an error if `[' is supplied a single
2428 argument that is not `]'.
2430 q. Fixed a bug that caused subshells started to run executable shell scripts
2431 without a leading `#!' to incorrectly inherit an argument list preceding
2432 a shell builtin (like such a script called from a script sourced with `.',
2433 where there were variable assignments preceding the `.' command)
2435 r. Fixed a bug that caused changes to variables supplied in an assignment
2436 statement preceding a shell builtin to not be honored (like a script
2439 s. HOSTTYPE, OSTYPE, and MACHTYPE are set only if they do not have values
2440 when the shell is started.
2442 t. Fixed a bug that caused SIGINT to kill shell scripts after the script
2445 u. The `fc' builtin now tries to create its temporary files in the directory
2448 v. Bash no longer calls any Readline functions or uses any Readline variables
2449 not declared in readline.h.
2451 w. Fixed a bug that caused some substitutions involving $@ to not be split
2452 correctly, especially expansions of the form ${paramterOPword}.
2454 x. SSH2_CLIENT is now treated like SSH_CLIENT and not auto-exported if it
2455 appears in the initial environment.
2457 y. Fixed a couple of problems with shell scripts without a leading `#!'
2458 being executed out of shell functions that could cause core dumps if
2459 such a script attempted to execute `return'.
2461 z. Fixed a problem with the `-nt' and `-ot' binary operators for the
2462 `test/[' builtin and the `[[' conditional command that caused wrong
2463 return values if one of the file arguments did not exist.
2465 aa. Fixed a bug that caused non-interactive shells which had previously
2466 executed `shopt -s expand_aliases' to fail to expand aliases in a
2467 command like `(command) &'.
2469 2. Changes to Readline
2471 a. Changes to make most (but not yet all -- there is still crlf()) of the
2472 exported readline functions declared in readline.h have an rl_ prefix.
2474 b. More `const' changes in function arguments, mostly for completion
2477 c. Fixed a bug in rl_forward that could cause the point to be set to before
2478 the beginning of the line in vi mode.
2480 d. Fixed a bug in the callback read-char interface to make it work when a
2481 readline function pushes some input onto the input stream with
2482 rl_execute_next (like the incremental search functions).
2484 e. Fixed a file descriptor leak in the history file manipulation code that
2485 was tripped when attempting to truncate a non-regular file (like
2488 f. Some existing variables are now documented and part of the public
2489 interface (declared in readline.h): rl_explict_arg, rl_numeric_arg,
2490 rl_editing_mode, rl_last_func.
2492 g. Renamed rltty_set_default_bindings to rl_tty_set_default_bindings and
2493 crlf to rl_crlf, so there are no public functions declared in readline.h
2494 without an `rl_' prefix. The old functions still exist for backwards
2497 3. New Features in Bash
2499 a. A new loadable builtin, realpath, which canonicalizes and expands symlinks
2500 in pathname arguments.
2502 b. When `set' is called without options, it prints function defintions in a
2503 way that allows them to be reused as input. This affects `declare' and
2504 `declare -p' as well.
2506 4. New Features in Readline
2508 a. New application-callable function rl_set_prompt(const char *prompt):
2509 expands its prompt string argument and sets rl_prompt to the result.
2511 b. New application-callable function rl_set_screen_size(int rows, int cols):
2512 public method for applications to set readline's idea of the screen
2515 c. The history example program (examples/histexamp.c) is now built as one
2518 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------
2519 This document details the changes between this version, bash-2.05-alpha1,
2520 and the previous version, bash-2.04-release.
2524 a. A fix was made to allow newlines in compond array assignments.
2526 b. configure now checks for real-time signals with unusable values.
2528 c. Interactive shells no longer exit if a substitution fails because of an
2529 unset variable within a sourced file.
2531 d. Fixed a problem with incorrect matching of extended glob patterns when
2532 doing pattern substitution.
2534 e. `{' is now quoted by the completion code when it appears in a filename.
2536 f. Fixed an error in pattern matching that caused the matcher to not
2537 correctly skip the rest of a bracket expression after a character
2540 g. Fixed a bug in the IFS word splitting code to make a non-whitespace IFS
2541 character preceded by IFS whitespace part of the current delimiter rather
2542 than generating a separate field.
2544 h. The {!prefix@} expansion now generates separate words, analogous to $@,
2547 i. Command substitution now ignores NUL bytes in the command output, and the
2548 parser ignores them on input.
2550 j. A fix was made to the job control code to prevent hanging processes when
2551 the shell thinks background processes are running but the kernel returns
2552 -1/ECHILD from waitpid().
2554 k. `pwd' now prints an error message if the write fails when displaying the
2557 l. When in POSIX mode, the shell prints trap dispostions without a leading
2558 `SIG' in the signal specification.
2560 m. Fixed a parser bug that caused the current command's line count to be
2561 messed up by a compound array assignment.
2563 n. Fixed a bug in the unwind-protect code that caused bad behavior on machines
2564 where ints and pointers are not the same size.
2566 o. System-specific configure changes for: MacOS X.
2568 p. Changes for Cygwin to translate \r\n and \r to \n and to set file
2569 descriptors used for reading input to text mode in various places.
2571 q. Fixed a bug that caused `!' to occasionally not be honored when in
2574 r. Bash no longer assumes that getcwd() will return any useful error message
2575 in the buffer passed as an argument if the call fails.
2577 s. The `source', `.', and `fc' builtins no longer check whether a file is
2578 binary before reading commands from it.
2580 t. Subshells no longer turn off job control when they exit, since that
2581 sometimes resulted in the terminal being reset to the wrong process
2584 u. The history code no longer tries to save the second and subsequent lines
2585 of a multi-line command if the first line was not saved.
2587 v. The history saving code now does a better job of saving blank lines in a
2590 w. Removed a `feature' that made `ulimit' silently translate `unlimited' to
2591 the current hard limit, which obscured some kernel error returns.
2593 x. Fixed the grammar so that `}' is recognized as a reserved word after
2594 another reserved word, rather than requiring a `;' or newline. This
2595 means that constructs like
2597 { { echo a b c ; } }
2601 y. Conditional commands ([[...]]) now perform tilde expansion on their
2604 z. Noted in the documentation that `set -a' will cause functions to be
2605 exported if they are defined after `set -a' is executed.
2607 aa. When an interactive login shell starts, if $PWD and $HOME refer to the
2608 same directory but are not the same string, $PWD is set to $HOME.
2610 bb. Fixed `printf' to handle invalid floating point numbers better.
2612 cc. Temporary files are now created with random filenames, to improve security.
2614 dd. The readline initialization code now binds the custom bash functions and
2615 key bindings after the readline defaults are set up.
2617 ee. Fixed the `source' builtin to no longer overwrite a shell function's
2618 argument list, even if the sourced file changes the positional parameters.
2620 ff. A bug fix was made in the expansion of `$*' in contexts where it should
2621 not be split, like assignment statements.
2623 gg. Fixed a bug in the parameter substring expansion to handle conditional
2624 arithmetic expressions ( exp ? val1 : val2 ) without cutting the expression
2625 off at the wrong `:'.
2627 hh. The `<>' redirection is no longer subject to the current setting of
2628 `noclobber', as POSIX.2 specifies.
2630 ii. Fixed a bug in the conditional command parsing code that caused expressions
2631 in parentheses to occasionally be parsed incorrectly.
2633 jj. Fixed a bug in the ((...)) arithmetic command to allow do...done or
2634 {...} to follow the )) without an intervening list terminator.
2636 kk. `printf' now treats `\E' the same as `\e' when performing backslash escape
2637 expansion for the `%b' format specifier.
2639 ll. When in POSIX mode, the shell no longer searches the current directory for
2640 a file to be sourced with `.' or `source' if `.' is not in $PATH.
2642 mm. Interactive comments are no longer turned off when POSIX mode is disabled.
2644 nn. The UID, EUID, HOSTNAME variables are not set if they are in the shell's
2645 environment when it starts up.
2647 oo. Fixed a bug in the `command' builtin so the effect of a command like
2648 `command exec 4<file' is as if the `command' had been omitted.
2650 pp. ${foo[@]} and ${foo[*]} now work as in ksh93 if `foo' is not an array
2653 qq. ${#foo[X]}, where X is 0, @, or *, now work as in ksh93 if `foo' is not
2656 rr. The shell's idea of an absolute pathname now takes into account a
2657 possible drive specification on Cygwin and other Windows systems.
2659 ss. Fixed a bug which caused incorrect parsing of some multi-character
2660 constructs if they were split across input lines with backslash-newline
2663 tt. Fixed a bug that caused restricted shell mode to be set inappropriately
2664 when trying to execute a shell script without a leading `#!'.
2666 uu. Shell function definitions no longer require that the body be a group
2667 command ( {...} ), as POSIX.2 requires.
2669 vv. The `cd' and `pwd' builtins now process symlinks in pathnames internally
2670 and should require many fewer calls to getcwd().
2672 ww. Fixed a bug that caused a pipeline's process group to be set incorrectly
2673 if one of the pipeline elements contained a command substitution.
2675 xx. Fixed a bug that caused core dumps when expanding the value of HISTIGNORE.
2677 yy. The output of `set' is now quoted using $'...' so invisible characters are
2678 displayed as escape sequences.
2680 zz. Fixed the help text for `unset', since PATH and IFS may both be unset.
2682 aaa. The shell no longer puts directory names into the command hash table.
2684 bbb. Fixed a bug in `read' that caused it to occasionally free memory twice if
2685 it was interrupted after reading a large amount of data.
2687 ccc. Assignment statements that attempt to assign values to readonly variables
2688 now cause the command to return an error status.
2690 ddd. Fixed a bug that could cause incorrect output if a $(<file) construct was
2693 eee. GROUPS and FUNCNAME now return an error status when assignment is
2694 attempted, but may be unset (in which case they lose their special
2695 properties). In all respects except unsetting, they are readonly.
2697 fff. The string-to-integer conversion code now ignores trailing whitespace in
2698 the string, even if strtol(3) does not.
2700 ggg. The tcsh magic-space function now does a better job of inserting the
2701 space close to where the point was before the history expansion, rather
2702 than just appending it.
2704 hhh. Fixed a bug which caused a file sourced from an interactive shell to
2705 fill up the jobs table if it ran lots of jobs.
2707 iii. Fixed a bug in the parameter pattern substitution code to avoid infinite
2708 recursion on zero-length matches.
2710 2. Changes to Readline
2712 a. When setting the terminal attributes on systems using `struct termio',
2713 readline waits for output to drain before changing the attributes.
2715 b. A fix was made to the history word tokenization code to avoid attempts to
2716 dereference a null pointer.
2718 c. Readline now defaults rl_terminal_name to $TERM if the calling application
2719 has left it unset, and tries to initialize with the resultant value.
2721 d. Instead of calling (*rl_getc_function)() directly to get input in certain
2722 places, readline now calls rl_read_key() consistently.
2724 e. Fixed a bug in the completion code that allowed a backslash to quote a
2725 single quote inside a single-quoted string.
2727 f. rl_prompt is no longer assigned directly from the argument to readline(),
2728 but uses memory allocated by readline. This allows constant strings to
2729 be passed to readline without problems arising when the prompt processing
2730 code wants to modify the string.
2732 g. Fixed a bug that caused non-interactive history searches to return the
2733 wrong line when performing multiple searches backward for the same string.
2735 h. Many variables, function arguments, and function return values are now
2736 declared `const' where appropriate, to improve behavior when linking with
2739 i. The control character detection code now works better on systems where
2740 `char' is unsigned by default.
2742 j. The vi-mode numeric argument is now capped at 999999, just like emacs mode.
2744 k. The Function, CPFunction, CPPFunction, and VFunction typedefs have been
2745 replaced with a set of specific prototyped typedefs, though they are
2746 still in the readline header files for backwards compatibility.
2748 m. Nearly all of the (undocumented) internal global variables in the library
2749 now have an _rl_ prefix -- there were a number that did not, like
2750 screenheight, screenwidth, alphabetic, etc.
2752 n. The ding() convenience function has been renamed to rl_ding(), though the
2753 old function is still defined for backwards compatibility.
2755 o. The completion convenience functions filename_completion_function,
2756 username_completion_function, and completion_matches now have an rl_
2757 prefix, though the old names are still defined for backwards compatibility.
2759 p. The functions shared by readline and bash (linkage is satisfied from bash
2760 when compiling with bash, and internally otherwise) now have an sh_ prefix.
2762 q. Changed the shared library creation procedure on Linux and BSD/OS 4.x so
2763 that the `soname' contains only the major version number rather than the
2764 major and minor numbers.
2766 r. Fixed a redisplay bug that occurred when the prompt spanned more than one
2767 physical line and contained invisible characters.
2769 3. New Features in Bash
2771 a. Added a new `--init-file' invocation argument as a synonym for `--rcfile',
2772 per the new GNU coding standards.
2774 b. The /dev/tcp and /dev/udp redirections now accept service names as well as
2777 c. `complete' and `compgen' now take a `-o value' option, which controls some
2778 of the aspects of that compspec. Valid values are:
2780 default - perform bash default completion if programmable
2781 completion produces no matches
2782 dirnames - perform directory name completion if programmable
2783 completion produces no matches
2784 filenames - tell readline that the compspec produces filenames,
2785 so it can do things like append slashes to
2786 directory names and suppress trailing spaces
2788 4. New Features in Readline
2790 a. The blink timeout for paren matching is now settable by applications.
2792 b. _rl_executing_macro has been renamed to rl_executing_macro, which means
2793 it's now part of the public interface.
2795 c. Readline has a new variable, rl_readline_state, which is a bitmap that
2796 encapsulates the current state of the library; intended for use by
2797 callbacks and hook functions.
2799 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------
2800 This document details the changes between this version, bash-2.04-release,
2801 and the previous version, bash-2.04-beta5.
2805 a. Better compile-time and configure-time checks for the necessity of
2808 b. A bug was fixed in the expansion of "${@:-}" when there are positional
2811 c. A typo was fixed in the output of `complete'.
2813 d. The matches generated for a word by the `-W' argument to complete and
2814 compgen are now matched against the word being completed, and only
2815 matches are returned as the result.
2817 e. Some fixes were made for systems which do not restart read(2) when a
2818 signal caught by bash is received.
2820 f. A bug was fixed which caused the umask to be set to 0 when an invalid
2821 symbolic mode mask was parsed.
2823 g. Fixed a bug that could cause a core dump if a SIGCHLD was received while
2824 performing an assignment statement using command substitution.
2826 h. Changed the word splitting function for programmable completion so cases
2827 in which the cursor is between words are handled a bit better.
2829 2. Changes to Readline
2831 a. rl_funmap_names() is now documented.
2833 3. New Features in Bash
2835 a. The LC_NUMERIC variable is now treated specially, and used to set the
2836 LC_NUMERIC locale category for number formatting, e.g., when `printf'
2837 displays floating-point numbers.
2839 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------
2840 This document details the changes between this version, bash-2.04-beta5,
2841 and the previous version, bash-2.04-beta4.
2845 a. A couple of changes were made to the Makefiles for easier building on
2848 b. Fixed a bug where the current prompt would be set to $PS2 at startup.
2850 c. The shell script that tests an already-installed version was changed to
2851 remove the directory it created its test programs in at exit.
2853 d. Several changes were made to the code that tokenizes an input line for
2854 the programmable completion code. Shell metacharacters will now appear
2855 as individual words in the word list passed to the completion functions.
2856 Some of the example completion shell functions were changed to understand
2857 redirection operators.
2859 e. A bug was fixed that, under obscure circumstances, could confuse the
2860 parser when a shell function was run by the programmable completion code.
2862 f. A bug was fixed in the ulimit builtin for systems not using getrlimit().
2864 g. The execution code now propagates the correct exit status back to the rest
2865 of the code if the return value of a subshell command was being inverted.
2866 Some new test cases for inverting return values with the `!' reserved
2867 word have been added.
2869 h. Negative exponents in the arithmetic evaluation of v**e now return an
2872 i. A bug that caused bash to check the wrong process in a pipeline for
2873 abnormal termination (and consequently resetting the terminal attributes)
2876 j. Fixed a bug that caused $PS2 to be displayed after PROMPT_COMMAND was
2879 2. Changes to Readline
2881 1. Fixed a bug in a C preprocessor define that caused the keypad control
2882 functions to be compiled out for all platforms except DJGPP.
2884 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------
2885 This document details the changes between this version, bash-2.04-beta4,
2886 and the previous version, bash-2.04-beta3.
2890 a. A couple of changes were made to the redirection to attempt to avoid
2891 race conditions and malicious file replacement.
2893 2. A change was made to the string evaluation code (used for command
2894 substitution, `eval', and the `.' builtin) to fix an obscure core
2895 dump on alpha machines.
2897 3. A bug that caused $LINENO to be wrong when executing arithmetic for
2900 4. A couple of memory leaks in the programmable completion code were fixed.
2902 5. A bug that could cause a core dump by freeing memory twice during a call
2903 to `eval' if `set -u' had been enabled and an undefined variable was
2904 referenced was fixed.
2906 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------
2907 This document details the changes between this version, bash-2.04-beta3,
2908 and the previous version, bash-2.04-beta2.
2912 a. Bash should run the appropriate startup files when invoked by ssh2.
2914 b. Fixed a bug in the parsing of conditional commands that could cause a
2917 c. Fixed a bug in parsing job specifications that occasionally caused
2918 core dumps when an out-of-range job was referenced.
2920 d. Fixed the `type' and `command' builtins to do better reporting of
2921 commands that are not found in $PATH or the hash table.
2923 e. Fixed a POSIX.2 compliance problem in the command builtin -- commands
2924 are supposed to be reported as full pathnames.
2926 f. The `echo' builtin now returns failure if a write error occurs.
2928 g. Fixed a bug which caused the locale to not be reset correctly when
2931 h. Changed description of `getopts' in man page and reference manual to make
2932 it clear that option characters may be characters other than letters.
2934 i. If the shell exits while in a function, make sure that any trap on EXIT
2935 doesn't think the function is still executing.
2937 j. Bashbug now tries harder to find a usable editor if $EDITOR is not set,
2938 rather than simply defaulting to `emacs'.
2940 k. Changes to the scripts that guess and canonicalize the system type, from
2941 the latest `automake' distribution via Debian.
2943 l. When using named pipes for process substitution, make sure the file
2944 descriptors opened for reading are set to non-blocking mode.
2946 m. Fixed a bug that caused termination of pipelines that are killed by a
2947 signal to not be reported in some cases.
2949 n. When not in literal-history mode, shell comment lines are not added to
2952 o. When running in POSIX.2 mode, bash no longer performs word splitting on
2953 the expanded value of the word supplied as the filename argument to
2954 redirection operators.
2956 p. The prompt string decoding code now backslash-quotes only characters that
2957 are special within double quotes when expanding the \w and \W escape
2960 q. Fixed a bug in the prompt decoding code that could cause a non-interactive
2961 shell to seg fault if `\u' was used in PS4 and the shell was in xtrace
2964 r. Fixed a bug that caused function definitions to be printed with any
2965 redirections that should be attached to the entire function before the
2968 s. Changed the tilde expansion code for Cygwin systems to avoid creating
2969 pathnames beginning with `//' if $HOME == `/'.
2971 t. Fixed a couple of autoconf tests to avoid creating files with fixed names
2974 u. The `trap' and `kill' builtins now know the names of the POSIX.1b real-
2975 time signals on systems which support them.
2977 2. Changes to Readline
2979 a. Fixed a problem with the single-quote quoting function that could cause
2982 b. Fixed a bug that caused incorrect `stat characters' to be printed if
2983 the files being completed were in the root directory and visible-stats
2986 3. New Features in Bash
2988 a. There is a new `rbash.1' manual page, from the Debian release.
2990 b. The `--enable-usg-echo-default' option to `configure' has been renamed to
2991 `--enable-xpg-echo-default'. The old option is still there for backwards
2994 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------
2995 This document details the changes between this version, bash-2.04-beta2,
2996 and the previous version, bash-2.04-beta1.
3000 a. Fixed a bug that could cause pipes to be closed inappropriately in
3003 b. Fixed a bug that caused creation of the exported environment to clobber
3004 the current command string if there were any exported shell functions.
3006 c. Some changes were made to reduce bash's memory usage.
3008 d. Fixed a problem with programmable completion and filenames to be
3009 completed containing quote characters.
3011 e. Changed the code the removes named pipes created for the <(...) and >(...)
3012 expansions to defer removal until after any current shell function has
3015 f. Fixed a bug in `select' which caused it to not handle the `continue'
3018 g. Autoconf tests added for cygwin32 and mingw32.
3020 2. New Features in Bash
3022 a. The `--with-bash-malloc' configure option replaces `--with-gnu-malloc'
3023 (which is still there for backwards compatibility).
3025 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------
3026 This document details the changes between this version, bash-2.04-beta1,
3027 and the previous version, bash-2.04-alpha1.
3031 a. Fixed a bug in the programmable completion code that occurred when
3032 trying to complete command lines containing a `;' or `@'.
3034 b. The file descriptor from which the shell is reading a script is now
3035 moved to a file descriptor above the user-addressible range.
3037 c. Changes to `printf' so that it can handle integers beginning with 0
3038 or 0x as octal and hex, respectively.
3040 d. Fixes to the programmable completion code so it handles nonsense like
3041 `compgen -C xyz' gracefully.
3043 e. The shell no longer modifies the signal handler for SIGPROF, allowing
3044 profiling again on certain systems.
3046 f. The shell checks for a new window size, if the user has requested it,
3047 after a process exits due to a signal.
3049 g. Fixed a bug with variables with null values in a program's temporary
3050 environment and the bash getenv() replacement.
3052 h. `declare' and the other builtins that take variable assignments as
3053 arguments now honor `set -a' and mark modified variables for export.
3055 i. Some changes were made for --dump-po-strings mode when writing strings
3056 with embedded newlines.
3058 j. The code that caches export strings from the initial environment now
3059 duplicates the string rather than just pointing into the environment.
3061 k. The filename completion quoting code now uses single quotes by default
3062 if the filename being completed contains newlines, since \<newline>
3063 has a special meaning to the parser.
3065 l. Bash now uses typedefs bits32_t and u_bits32_t instead of int32_t and
3066 u_int32_t, respectively to avoid conflicts on certain Unix versions.
3068 m. Configuration changes were made for: Rhapsody, Mac OS, FreeBSD-3.x.
3070 n. Fixed a problem with hostname-to-ip-address translation in the
3071 /dev/(tcp|udp)/hostname/port redirection code.
3073 o. The texinfo manual has been reorganized slightly.
3075 p. Filename generation (globbing) range comparisons in bracket expressions
3076 no longer use strcoll(3) even if it is available, since it has unwanted
3077 effects in certain locales.
3079 q. Fixed a cosmetic problem in the source that caused the shell to not
3080 compile if DPAREN_ARITHMETIC was not defined but ARITH_FOR_COMMAND was.
3082 r. Fixed a bug in the here-document code tripped when the file descriptor
3083 opened to the file containing the text of the here document was the
3084 same as a redirector specified by the user.
3086 s. Fixed a bug where the INVERT_RETURN flag was not being set for `pipeline'
3087 in `time ! pipeline'.
3089 t. Fixed a bug with the `wait' builtin which manifested itself when an
3090 interrupt was received while the shell was waiting for asynchronous
3091 processes in a shell script.
3093 u. Fixed the DEBUG trap code so that it has the correct value of $?.
3095 v. Fixed a bug in the parameter pattern substitution code that could cause
3096 the shell to attempt to free unallocated memory if the pattern started
3097 with `/' and an expansion error occurs.
3099 w. Fixed a bug in the positional parameter substring code that could
3100 cause the shell to loop freeing freed memory.
3102 x. Fixed a bug in the positional parameter pattern substitution code so
3103 that it correctly handles null replacement strings with a pattern
3104 string prefixed with `%' or `#'.
3106 y. The shell no longer attempts to import functions from the environment if
3109 z. Fixed a bug that caused `return' in a command substitution executed in
3110 a shell function to return from the function in a subshell and continue
3113 aa. `hash -p /pathname/with/slashes name' is no longer allowed when the shell
3116 bb. The wait* job control functions now behave better if called when there
3117 are no unwaited-for children.
3119 cc. Command substitution no longer unconditionally disables job control in
3120 the subshell started to run the command.
3122 dd. A bug was fixed that occasionally caused traps to mess up the parser
3125 ee. `bashbug' now honors user headers in the mail message it sends.
3127 ff. A bug was fixed that caused the `:p' history modifier to not print the
3128 history expansion if the `histverify' option was set.
3130 2. Changes to Readline
3132 a. Fixed a bug in the redisplay code for lines with more than 256 line
3135 b. A bug was fixed which caused invisible character markers to not be
3136 stripped from the prompt string if the terminal was in no-echo mode.
3138 c. Readline no longer tries to get the variables it needs for redisplay
3139 from the termcap entry if the calling application has specified its
3140 own redisplay function. Readline treats the terminal as `dumb' in
3143 d. Fixes to the SIGWINCH code so that a multiple-line prompt with escape
3144 sequences is redrawn correctly.
3146 3. New Features in Bash
3148 a. `bashbug' now accepts `--help' and `--version' options.
3150 b. There is a new `xpg_echo' option to `shopt' that controls the behavior
3151 of echo with respect to backslash-escaped characters at runtime.
3153 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------
3154 This document details the changes between this version, bash-2.04-alpha1,
3155 and the previous version, bash-2.04-devel.
3159 a. Fixed a bug that could cause core dumps when performing substring
3162 b. Shared object configuration changes for: Solaris, OSF/1
3164 c. The POSIX_GLOB_LIBRARY code that uses the POSIX.2 globbing facilities
3165 for pathname expansion now understands GLOBIGNORE.
3167 d. The code that implements `eval' was changed to save the value of the
3168 current prompt, so an eval in a shell function called by the programmable
3169 completion code will not change the prompt to $PS2.
3171 e. Restored the undocumented NON_INTERACTIVE_LOGIN_SHELLS #define to
3172 config-top.h. If this is defined, all login shells will read the
3173 startup files, not just interactive and non-interactive started with
3174 the `--login' option.
3176 f. Fixed a bug that caused the expansion code to occasionally dump core if
3177 IFS contained characters > 128.
3179 g. Fixed a problem with the grammar so that a newline is not required
3180 after the `))' in the new-style arithmetic for statement; a semicolon
3181 may be used as expected.
3183 h. Variable indirection may now reference the shell's special variables.
3185 i. The $'...' and $"..." constructs are now added to the history correctly
3186 if they contain newlines and command-oriented history is enabled.
3188 j. It is now an error to try to assign a value to a function-local copy
3189 of a readonly shell variable (declared with the `local' builtin).
3191 2. Changes to Readline
3193 a. The history file code now uses O_BINARY mode when reading and writing
3194 the history file on cygwin32.
3196 3. New Features in Bash
3198 a. A new programmable completion facility, with two new builtin commands:
3199 complete and compgen.
3201 b. configure has a new option, `--enable-progcomp', to compile in the
3202 programmable completion features (enabled by default).
3204 c. `shopt' has a new option, `progcomp', to enable and disable programmable
3205 completion at runtime.
3207 d. Unsetting HOSTFILE now clears the list of hostnames used for completion.
3209 4. New Features in Readline
3211 a. A new variable, rl_gnu_readline_p, always 1. The intent is that an
3212 application can verify whether or not it is linked with the `real'
3213 readline library or some substitute.
3215 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------
3216 This document details the changes between this version, bash-2.04-devel,
3217 and the previous version, bash-2.03-release.
3221 a. System-specific configuration and source changes for: Interix, Rhapsody
3223 b. Fixed a bug in execute_cmd.c that resulted in a compile-time error if
3224 JOB_CONTROL was not defined.
3226 c. An obscure race condition in the trap code was fixed.
3228 d. The string resulting from $'...' is now requoted to avoid any further
3231 e. The $'...' quoting syntax now allows backslash to escape a single quote,
3232 for ksh-93 compatibility.
3234 f. The $"..." quoting syntax now escapes backslashes and double quotes in
3235 the translated string when displaying them with the --dump-po-strings
3238 g. `echo -e' no longer converts \' to '.
3240 h. Fixes were made to the extended globbing code to handle embedded (...)
3243 i. Some improvements were made to the code that unsets `nodelay' mode on
3244 the file descriptor from which bash is reading input.
3246 j. Some changes were made to the replacement termcap library for better
3247 operation on MS-DOS.
3249 k. Some changes were made to the tilde expansion code to handle backslash
3250 as a pathname separator on MS-DOS.
3252 l. The source has been reorganized a little bit -- there is now an `include'
3253 subdirectory, and lib/posixheaders has been removed.
3255 m. Improvements were made to the `read' builtin so that it makes many
3256 fewer read(2) system calls.
3258 n. The expansion of $- will include `c' and `s' when those options are
3259 supplied at shell invocation.
3261 o. Several improvments were made to the completion code: variable completion
3262 now works better when there are unterminated expansions, command
3263 completion understands quotes better, and completion now works in certain
3264 unclosed $(... constructs.
3266 p. The arithmetic expansion code was fixed to not need the value of a
3267 variable being assigned a value (fixes the "ss=09; let ss=10" bug).
3269 q. Some changes were made to make exported environment creation faster.
3271 r. The html documentation will be installed into $(htmldir) if that variable
3272 has a value when `make install' is run.
3274 s. Fixed a bug that would cause the bashrc file to be sourced inappropriately
3275 when bash is started by sshd.
3277 t. The SSH_CLIENT environment variable is no longer auto-exported.
3279 u. A bug that caused redirections with (...) subshells to be performed in
3280 the wrong order was fixed.
3282 v. A bug that occasionally caused inappropriate expansion of assignment
3283 statements in compound array assignments was fixed.
3285 w. The code that parses the words in a compound array assignment was
3286 simplified considerably and should work better now.
3288 x. Fixes to the non-job-control code in nojobs.c to make it POSIX.2-compliant
3289 when a user attempts to retrieve the status of a terminated background
3292 y. Fixes to the `printf' builtin so that it doesn't try to expand all
3293 backslash escape sequences in the format string before parsing it for
3294 % format specifiers.
3296 2. Changes to Readline
3298 a. The history library tries to truncate the history file only if it is a
3301 b. A bug that caused _rl_dispatch to address negative array indices on
3302 systems with signed chars was fixed.
3304 c. rl-yank-nth-arg now leaves the history position the same as when it was
3307 d. Changes to the completion code to handle MS-DOS drive-letter:pathname
3310 e. Completion is now case-insensitive by default on MS-DOS.
3312 f. Fixes to the history file manipulation code for MS-DOS.
3314 g. Readline attempts to bind the arrow keys to appropriate defaults on MS-DOS.
3316 h. Some fixes were made to the redisplay code for better operation on MS-DOS.
3318 i. The quoted-insert code will now insert tty special chars like ^C.
3320 j. A bug was fixed that caused the display code to reference memory before
3321 the start of the prompt string.
3323 k. More support for __EMX__ (OS/2).
3325 l. A bug was fixed in readline's signal handling that could cause infinite
3326 recursion in signal handlers.
3328 m. A bug was fixed that caused the point to be less than zero when rl_forward
3329 was given a very large numeric argument.
3331 n. The vi-mode code now gets characters via the application-settable value
3332 of rl_getc_function rather than calling rl_getc directly.
3334 3. New Features in Bash
3336 a. The history builtin has a `-d offset' option to delete the history entry
3337 at position `offset'.
3339 b. The prompt expansion code has two new escape sequences: \j, the number of
3340 active jobs; and \l, the basename of the shell's tty device name.
3342 c. The `bind' builtin has a new `-x' option to bind key sequences to shell
3345 d. There is a new shell option, no_empty_command_completion, which, when
3346 enabled, disables command completion when TAB is typed on an empty line.
3348 e. The `help' builtin has a `-s' option to just print a builtin's usage
3351 f. There are several new arithmetic operators: id++, id-- (variable
3352 post-increment/decrement), ++id, --id (variabl pre-increment/decrement),
3353 expr1 , expr2 (comma operator).
3355 g. There is a new ksh-93 style arithmetic for command:
3356 for ((expr1 ; expr2; expr3 )); do list; done
3358 h. The `read' builtin has a number of new options:
3359 -t timeout only wait timeout seconds for input
3360 -n nchars only read nchars from input instead of a full line
3361 -d delim read until delim rather than newline
3362 -s don't echo input chars as they are read
3364 i. The redirection code now handles several filenames specially:
3365 /dev/fd/N, /dev/stdin, /dev/stdout, and /dev/stderr, whether or
3366 not they are present in the file system.
3368 j. The redirection code now recognizes pathnames of the form
3369 /dev/tcp/host/port and /dev/udp/host/port, and tries to open a socket
3370 of the appropriate type to the specified port on the specified host.
3372 k. The ksh-93 ${!prefix*} expansion, which expands to the names of all
3373 shell variables whose names start with prefix, has been implemented.
3375 l. There is a new dynamic variable, FUNCNAME, which expands to the name of
3376 a currently-executing function. Assignments to FUNCNAME have no effect.
3378 m. The GROUPS variable is no longer readonly; assignments to it are silently
3379 discarded. This means it can be unset.
3381 4. New Features in Readline
3383 a. Parentheses matching is now always compiled into readline, and enabled
3384 or disabled when the value of the `blink-matching-paren' variable is
3387 b. MS-DOS systems now use ~/_inputrc as the last-ditch inputrc filename.
3389 c. MS-DOS systems now use ~/_history as the default history file.
3391 d. history-search-{forward,backward} now leave the point at the end of the
3392 line when the string to search for is empty, like
3393 {reverse,forward}-search-history.
3395 e. history-search-{forward,backward} now leave the last history line found
3396 in the readline buffer if the second or subsequent search fails.
3398 f. New function for use by applications: rl_on_new_line_with_prompt, used
3399 when an application displays the prompt itself before calling readline().
3401 g. New variable for use by applications: rl_already_prompted. An application
3402 that displays the prompt itself before calling readline() must set this to
3405 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------
3406 This document details the changes between this version, bash-2.03-release,
3407 and the previous version, bash-2.03-beta2.
3411 a. A file descriptor leak in the `fc' builtin was fixed.
3413 b. A bug was fixed in the `read' builtin that caused occasional spurious
3414 failures when using `read -e'.
3416 c. The version code needed to use the value of the cpp variable
3417 CONF_MACHTYPE rather than MACHTYPE.
3419 d. A new test was added to exercise the command printing and copying code.
3421 e. A bug was fixed that caused `time' to be recognized as a reserved word
3422 if it was the first pattern in a `case' statement pattern list.
3424 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------
3425 This document details the changes between this version, bash-2.03-beta2,
3426 and the previous version, bash-2.03-beta1.
3430 a. Slight additions to support/shobj-conf, mostly for the benefit of AIX 4.2.
3432 b. config.{guess,sub} support added for the NEC SX4.
3434 c. Changed some of the cross-compiling sections of the configure macros in
3435 aclocal.m4 so that configure won't abort.
3437 d. Slight changes to how the HTML versions of the bash and readline manuals
3440 e. Fixed conditional command printing to avoid interpreting printf `%'-escapes
3443 f. Don't include the bash malloc on all variants of the alpha processor.
3445 g. Changes to configure to make --enable-profiling work on Solaris 2.x.
3447 h. Fixed a bug that manifested itself when shell functions were called
3448 between calls to `getopts'.
3450 i. Fixed pattern substitution so that a bare `#'as a pattern causes the
3451 replacement string to be prefixed to the search string, and a bare
3452 `%' causes the replacement string to be appended to the search string.
3454 j. Fixed a bug in the command execution code that caused child processes
3455 to occasionally have the wrong value for $!.
3457 2. Changes to Readline
3459 a. Added code to the history library to catch history substitutions using
3460 `&' without a previous history substitution or search having been
3463 3. New Features in Bash
3465 4. New Features in Readline
3467 a. New bindable variable: `isearch-terminators'.
3469 b. New bindable function: `forward-backward-delete-char' (unbound by default).
3471 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------
3472 This document details the changes between this version, bash-2.03-beta1,
3473 and the previous version, bash-2.03-alpha.
3477 a. A change was made to the help text for `{...}' to make it clear that a
3478 semicolon is required before the closing brace.
3480 b. A fix was made to the `test' builtin so that syntax errors cause test
3481 to return an exit status > 1.
3483 c. Globbing is no longer performed on assignment statements that appear as
3484 arguments to `assignment builtins' such as `export'.
3486 d. System-specific configuration changes were made for: Rhapsody,
3487 AIX 4.2/gcc, BSD/OS 4.0.
3489 e. New loadable builtins: ln, unlink.
3491 f. Some fixes were made to the globbing code to handle extended glob patterns
3492 which immediately follow a `*'.
3494 g. A fix was made to the command printing code to ensure that redirections
3495 following compound commands have a space separating them from the rest
3498 h. The pathname canonicalization code was changed to produce fewer leading
3499 `//' sequences, since those are interpreted as network file system
3500 pathnames on some systems.
3502 i. A fix was made so that loops containing `eval' commands in commands passed
3503 to `bash -c' would not exit prematurely.
3505 j. Some changes were made to the job reaping code when the shell is not
3506 interactive, so the shell will retain exit statuses longer for examination
3509 k. A fix was made so that `jobs | command' works again.
3511 l. The erroneous compound array assignment var=((...)) is now a syntax error.
3513 m. A change was made to the dynamic loading code in `enable' to support
3516 n. A fix was made to the globbing code so that extended globbing patterns
3517 will correctly match `.' in a bracket expression.
3519 2. Changes to Readline
3521 a. A fix was made to the completion code in which a typo caused the wrong
3522 value to be passed to the function that computed the longest common
3523 prefix of the list of matches.
3525 b. The completion code now checks the value of rl_filename_completion_desired,
3526 which is set by application-supplied completion functions to indicate
3527 that filename completion is being performed, to decide whether or not to
3528 call an application-supplied `ignore completions' function.
3530 3. New Features in Bash
3532 a. A change was made to the startup file code so that any shell begun with
3533 the `--login' option, even non-interactive shells, will source the login
3534 shell startup files.
3536 4. New Features in Readline
3538 a. A new variable, rl_erase_empty_line, which, if set by an application using
3539 readline, will cause readline to erase, prompt and all, lines on which the
3540 only thing typed was a newline.
3542 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------
3543 This document details the changes between this version, bash-2.03-alpha,
3544 and the previous version, bash-2.02.1-release.
3548 a. System-specific configuration changes were made for: Irix 6.x, Unixware 7.
3550 b. The texi2dvi and texi2html scripts were updated to the latest versions
3553 c. The configure tests that determine which native type is 32 bits were
3554 changed to not require a compiled program.
3556 d. Fixed a bug in shell_execve that could cause memory to be freed twice
3557 after a failed exec.
3559 e. The `printf' test uses `diff -a' if it's available to prevent confusion
3560 due to the non-ascii output.
3562 f. Shared object configuration is now performed by a shell script,
3563 support/shobj-conf, which generates values to be substituted into
3564 makefiles by configure.
3566 g. Some changes were made to `ulimit' to avoid the use of RLIM_INVALID as a
3569 h. Changes were made to `ulimit' to work around HPUX 9.x's peculiar
3570 handling of RLIMIT_FILESIZE.
3572 i. Some new loadable builtins were added: id, printenv, sync, whoami, push,
3573 mkdir. `pushd', `popd', and `dirs' can now be built as regular or
3574 loadable builtins from the same source file.
3576 j. Changes were made to `printf' to handle NUL bytes in the expanded format
3579 k. The various `make clean' Makefile targets now descend into lib/sh.
3581 l. The `type' builtin was changed to use the internal `getopt' so that things
3582 like `type -ap' work as expected.
3584 m. There is a new configuration option, --with-installed-readline, to link
3585 bash with a locally-installed version of readline. Only readline version
3586 4.0 and later releases can support this. Shared and static libraries
3587 are supported. The installed include files are used.
3589 n. There is a new autoconf macro used to find which basic type is 64 bits.
3591 o. Dynamic linking and loadable builtins should now work on SCO 3.2v5*,
3592 AIX 4.2 with gcc, Unixware 7, and many other systems using gcc, where
3593 the `-shared' options works correctly.
3595 p. A bug was fixed in the bash filename completion code that caused memory to
3596 be freed twice if a directory name containing an unset variable was
3597 completed and the -u option was set.
3599 q. The prompt expansion code now quotes the `$' in the `\$' expansion so it
3600 is not processed by subsequent parameter expansion.
3602 r. Fixed a parsing bug that caused a single or double quote after a `$$' to
3603 trigger ANSI C expansion or locale translation.
3605 s. Fixed a bug in the globbing code that caused quoted filenames containing
3606 no globbing characters to sometimes be incorrectly expanded.
3608 t. Changes to the default prompt strings if prompt string decoding is not
3609 compiled into the shell.
3611 u. Added `do', `then', `else', `{', and `(' to the list of keywords that may
3612 precede the `time' reserved word.
3614 v. The shell may now be cross-built for BeOS as well as cygwin32.
3616 w. The conditional command execution code now treats `=' the same as `=='
3617 for deciding when to perform pattern matching.
3619 x. The `-e' option no longer causes the shell to exit if a command exits
3620 with a non-zero status while running the startup files.
3622 y. The `printf' builtin no longer dumps core if a modifier is supplied in
3623 the format string without a conversion character (e.g. `%h').
3625 z. Array assignments of the form a=(...) no longer show up in the history
3628 aa. The parser was fixed to obey the POSIX.2 rules for finding the closing
3629 `}' in a ${...} expression.
3631 bb. The history file is now opened with mode 0600 rather than 0666, so bash
3632 no longer relies on the user's umask being set appropriately.
3634 cc. Setting LANG no longer causes LC_ALL to be assigned a value; bash now
3635 relies on proper behavior from the C library.
3637 dd. Minor changes were made to allow quoted variable expansions using
3638 ${...} to be completed correctly if there is no closing `"'.
3640 ee. Changes were made to builtins/Makefile.in so that configuring the shell
3641 with `--enable-profiling' works right and builtins/mkbuiltins is
3644 2. Changes to Readline
3646 a. The version number is now 4.0.
3648 b. There is no longer any #ifdef SHELL code in the source files.
3650 c. Some changes were made to the key binding code to fix memory leaks and
3651 better support Win32 systems.
3653 d. Fixed a silly typo in the paren matching code -- it's microseconds, not
3656 e. The readline library should be compilable by C++ compilers.
3658 f. The readline.h public header file now includes function prototypes for
3659 all readline functions, and some changes were made to fix errors in the
3660 source files uncovered by the use of prototypes.
3662 g. The maximum numeric argument is now clamped at 1000000.
3664 h. Fixes to rl_yank_last_arg to make it behave better.
3666 i. Fixed a bug in the display code that caused core dumps if the prompt
3667 string length exceeded 1024 characters.
3669 j. The menu completion code was fixed to properly insert a single completion
3670 if there is only one match.
3672 k. A bug was fixed that caused the display code to improperly display tabs
3675 3. New Features in Bash
3677 a. New `shopt' option, `restricted_shell', indicating whether or not the
3678 shell was started in restricted mode, for use in startup files.
3680 b. Filename generation is now performed on the words between ( and ) in
3681 array assignments (which it probably should have done all along).
3683 c. OLDPWD is now auto-exported, as POSIX.2 seems to require.
3685 d. ENV and BASH_ENV are read-only variables in a restricted shell.
3687 4. New Features in Readline
3689 a. Many changes to the signal handling:
3690 o Readline now catches SIGQUIT and cleans up the tty before returning;
3691 o A new variable, rl_catch_signals, is available to application writers
3692 to indicate to readline whether or not it should install its own
3693 signal handlers for SIGINT, SIGTERM, SIGQUIT, SIGALRM, SIGTSTP,
3694 SIGTTIN, and SIGTTOU;
3695 o A new variable, rl_catch_sigwinch, is available to application
3696 writers to indicate to readline whether or not it should install its
3697 own signal handler for SIGWINCH, which will chain to the calling
3698 applications's SIGWINCH handler, if one is installed;
3699 o There is a new function, rl_free_line_state, for application signal
3700 handlers to call to free up the state associated with the current
3701 line after receiving a signal;
3702 o There is a new function, rl_cleanup_after_signal, to clean up the
3703 display and terminal state after receiving a signal;
3704 o There is a new function, rl_reset_after_signal, to reinitialize the
3705 terminal and display state after an application signal handler
3706 returns and readline continues
3708 b. There is a new function, rl_resize_terminal, to reset readline's idea of
3709 the screen size after a SIGWINCH.
3711 c. New public functions: rl_save_prompt and rl_restore_prompt. These were
3712 previously private functions with a `_' prefix.
3714 d. New function hook: rl_pre_input_hook, called just before readline starts
3715 reading input, after initialization.
3717 e. New function hook: rl_display_matches_hook, called when readline would
3718 display the list of completion matches. The new function
3719 rl_display_match_list is what readline uses internally, and is available
3720 for use by application functions called via this hook.
3722 f. New bindable function, delete-char-or-list, like tcsh.
3724 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------
3725 This document details the changes between this version, bash-2.02.1-release,
3726 and the previous version, bash-2.02-release.
3730 a. A bug that caused the bash readline support to not compile unless aliases
3731 and csh-style history were configured into the shell was fixed.
3733 b. Fixed a bug that could cause a core dump when here documents contained
3734 more than 1000 characters.
3736 c. Fixed a bug that caused a CDPATH entry of "" to not be treated the same
3737 as the current directory when in POSIX mode.
3739 d. Fixed an alignment problem with the memory returned by the bash malloc,
3740 so returned memory is now 64-bit aligned.
3742 e. Fixed a bug that caused command substitutions executed within pipelines
3743 to put the terminal in the wrong process group.
3745 f. Fixes to support/config.sub for: alphas, SCO Open Server and Open Desktop,
3746 Unixware 2, and Unixware 7.
3748 g. Fixes to the pattern matching code to make it work correctly for eight-bit
3751 h. Fixed a problem that occasionally caused the shell to display the wrong
3752 value for the new working directory when changing to a directory found
3753 in $CDPATH when in physical mode.
3755 i. Fixed a bug that caused core dumps when using conditional commands in
3758 j. Fixed a bug that caused the printf builtin to loop forever if the format
3759 string did not consume any of the arguments.
3761 k. Fixed a bug in the parameter expansion code that caused "$@" to be
3762 incorrectly split if $IFS did not contain a space character.
3764 l. Fixed a bug that could cause a core dump when completing hostnames if
3765 the number of matching hostnames was an exact multiple of 16.
3767 m. Fixed a bug that caused the shell to fork too early when a command
3768 such as `%2 &' was given.
3770 2. Changes to Readline
3772 a. Fixed a problem with redisplay that showed up when the prompt string was
3773 longer than the screen width and the prompt contained invisible characters.
3775 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------
3776 This document details the changes between this version, bash-2.02-release,
3777 and the previous version, bash-2.02-beta2.
3781 a. A bug was fixed that caused the terminal process group to be set
3782 incorrectly when performing command substitution of builtins in a
3785 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------
3786 This document details the changes between this version, bash-2.02-beta2,
3787 and the previous version, bash-2.02-beta1.
3791 a. Attempting to `wait' for stopped jobs now generates a warning message.
3793 b. Pipelines which exit due to SIGPIPE in non-interactive shells are now
3794 not reported if the shell is compiled -DDONT_REPORT_SIGPIPE.
3796 c. Some changes were made to builtins/psize.sh and support/bashbug.sh to
3797 attempt to avoid some /tmp file races and surreptitious file
3800 d. Fixed a bug that caused the shell not to compile if configured with
3801 dparen arithmetic but without aliases.
3803 e. Fixed a bug that caused the input stream to be switched when assigning
3804 empty arrays with `bash -c'.
3806 f. A bug was fixed in the readline expansion glue code that caused bash to
3807 dump core when expanding lines with an unclosed single quote.
3809 g. A fix was made to the `cd' builtin so that using a non-empty directory
3810 from $CDPATH results in an absolute pathname of the new current working
3811 directory to be displayed after the current directory is changed.
3813 h. Fixed a bug in the variable assignment code that caused the shell to
3814 dump core when referencing an unset variable with `set -u' enabled in
3815 an assignment statement preceding a command.
3817 i. Fixed a bug in the exit trap code that caused reserved words to not be
3818 recognized under certain circumstances.
3820 j. Fixed a bug in the parameter pattern substitution code so that quote
3821 removal is performed.
3823 k. The shell should now configure correctly on Apple Rhapsody systems.
3825 l. The `kill' builtin now prints a usage message if it is not passed any
3828 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------
3829 This document details the changes between this version, bash-2.02-beta1,
3830 and the previous version, bash-2.02-alpha1.
3834 a. A few compilation bugs were fixed in the new extended globbing code.
3836 b. Executing arithmetic commands now sets the command name to `((' so
3837 error messages look right.
3839 c. Fixed some build problems with various configuration options.
3841 d. The `printf' builtin now aborts immediately if an illegal format
3842 character is encountered.
3844 e. The code that creates here-documents now behaves better if the file it's
3845 trying to create already exists for some reason.
3847 f. Fixed a problem with the extended globbing code that made patterns like
3848 `x+*' expand incorrectly.
3850 g. The prompt string expansion code no longer quotes tildes with backslashes.
3852 h. The bash getcwd() implementation in lib/sh/getcwd.c now behaves better in
3853 the presence of lstat(2) failures.
3855 i. Fixed a bug with strsub() that caused core dumps when executing `fc -s'.
3857 j. The mail checking code now ensures that it has a valid default mailpath.
3859 k. A bug was fixed that caused local variables to be unset inappropriately
3860 when sourcing a script from within another sourced script.
3862 l. A bug was fixed in the history saving code so that functions are saved
3863 in the history list correctly if `cmdhist' is enabled, but `lithist'
3866 m. A bug was fixed that caused printf overflows when displaying error
3869 n. It should be easier to build the loadble builtins in examples/loadables,
3870 though some manual editing of the generated Makefile is still required.
3872 o. The user's primary group is now always ${GROUPS[0]}.
3874 p. Some updates were made to support/config.guess from the GNU master copy.
3876 q. Some changes were made to the autoconf support for Solaris 2.6 large
3879 r. The `command' builtins now does the right thing when confstr(3) cannot
3880 find a value for _CS_PATH.
3882 s. Extended globbing expressions like `*.!(c)' are not history expanded if
3883 `extglob' is enabled.
3885 t. Using the `-P' option to `cd' will force the value that is assigned to
3886 PWD to not contain any symbolic links.
3888 2. Changes to Readline
3890 a. The code that prints completion listings now behaves better if one or
3891 more of the filenames contains non-printable characters.
3893 b. The time delay when showing matching parentheses is now 0.5 seconds.
3895 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------
3896 This document details the changes between this version, bash-2.02-alpha1,
3897 and the previous version, bash-2.01.1-release.
3901 a. OS-specific configuration changes for: BSD/OS 3.x, Minix 2.x,
3902 Solaris 2.6, SINIX SVR4.
3904 b. Changes were made to the generated `info' files so that `install-info'
3907 c. PWD is now auto-exported.
3909 d. A fix was made to the pipeline code to make sure that the shell forks
3910 to execute simple commands consisting solely of assignment statements.
3912 e. Changes to the test suite for systems with 14-character filenames.
3914 f. The default sizes of some internal hash tables have been made smaller
3915 to reduce the shell's memory footprint.
3917 g. The `((...))' arithmetic command is now executed directly instead of
3918 being translated into `let "..."'.
3920 h. Fixes were made to the expansion code so that "$*", "$@", "${array[@]}",
3921 and "${array[@]}" expand correctly when IFS does not contain a space
3922 character, is unset, or is set to NULL.
3924 i. The indirect expansion code (${!var}) was changed so that the only
3925 valid values of `var' are variable names, positional parameters, `#',
3928 j. An arithmetic expression error in a $((...)) expansion now causes a
3929 non-interactive shell running in posix mode to exit.
3931 k. Compound array assignment now splits the words within the parentheses
3932 on shell metacharacters like the parser would before expansing them
3933 and performing the assignment. This is for compatibility with ksh-93.
3935 l. The internal shell backslash-quoting code (used in the output of `set'
3936 and completion) now quotes tildes if they appear at the start of the
3937 string or after a `=' or `:'.
3939 m. A couple of bugs with `shopt -o' were fixed.
3941 n. `bash +o' now displays the same output as `set +o' before starting an
3944 o. A bug that caused command substitution and the `eval' builtin to
3945 occasionally free memory twice when an error was encountered was fixed.
3947 p. The filename globbing code no longer requires read permission for a
3948 directory when the filename to be matched does not contain any globbing
3949 characters, as POSIX.2 specifies.
3951 q. A bug was fixed so that the job containing the last asynchronous
3952 process is not removed from the job table until a `wait' is executed
3953 for that process or another asynchronous process is started. This
3954 satisfies a POSIX.2 requirement.
3956 r. A `select' bug was fixed so that a non-numeric user response is treated
3957 the same as a numeric response that is out of range.
3959 s. The shell no longer parses the value of SHELLOPTS from the environment
3960 if it is restricted, running setuid, or running in `privileged mode'.
3962 t. Fixes were made to enable large file support on systems such as
3963 Solaris 2.6, where the size of a file may be larger than can be held
3966 u. The filename hashing code was fixed to not add `./' to the beginning of
3967 filenames which already begin with `./'.
3969 v. The configure script was changed so that the GNU termcap library is not
3970 compiled in if `prefer-curses' has been specified.
3972 w. HISTCONTROL and HISTIGNORE are no longer applied to the second and
3973 subsequent lines of a multi-line command.
3975 x. A fix was made to `disown' so that it does a better job of catching
3978 y. Non-interactive shells no longer report the status of processes terminated
3979 due to SIGINT, even if the standard output is a terminal.
3981 z. A bug that caused the output of `jobs' to have extra carriage returns
3984 aa. A bug that caused PIPESTATUS to not be set when builtins or shell
3985 functions were executed in the foreground was fixed.
3987 bb. Bash now attempts to detect when it is being run by sshd, and treats
3988 that case identically to being run by rshd.
3990 cc. A bug that caused `set -a' to export SHELLOPTS when one of the shell
3991 options was changed was fixed.
3993 dd. The `kill' builtin now disallows empty or missing process id arguments
3994 instead of treating them as identical to `0', which means the current
3997 ee. `var=value declare -x var' now behaves identically to
3998 `var=value export var'. Similarly for `var=value declare -r var' and
3999 `var=value readonly var'.
4001 ff. A few memory leaks were fixed.
4003 gg. `alias' and `unalias' now print error messages when passed an argument
4004 that is not an alias for printing or deletion, even when the shell is
4005 not interactive, as POSIX.2 specifies.
4007 hh. `alias' and `alias -p' now return a status of 0 when no aliases are
4008 defined, as POSIX.2 specifes.
4010 ii. `cd -' now prints the pathname of the new working directory if the shell
4013 jj. A fix was made so that the code that binds $PWD now copes with getcwd()
4016 kk. `unset' now checks whether or not a function name it's trying to unset
4017 is a valid shell identifier only when the shell is running in posix mode.
4019 ll. A change was made to the code that generates filenames for here documents
4020 to make them less prone to name collisions.
4022 mm. The parser was changed so that `time' is recognized as a reserved word
4023 only at the beginning of a pipeline.
4025 nn. The pathname canonicalization code was changed so that `//' is converted
4026 into `/', but all other pathnames beginning with `//' are left alone, as
4029 oo. The `logout' builtin will no longer exit a non-interactive non-login
4032 2. Changes to Readline
4034 a. Fixed a problem in the readline test program rltest.c that caused a core
4037 b. The code that handles parser directives in inputrc files now displays
4038 more error messages.
4040 c. The history expansion code was fixed so that the appearance of the
4041 history comment character at the beginning of a word inhibits history
4042 expansion for that word and the rest of the input line.
4044 3. New Features in Bash
4046 a. A new version of malloc, based on the older GNU malloc, that has many
4047 changes, is more page-based, is more conservative with memory usage,
4048 and does not `orphan' large blocks when they are freed.
4050 b. A new version of gmalloc, based on the old GLIBC malloc, with many
4051 changes and range checking included by default.
4053 c. A new implementation of fnmatch(3) that includes full POSIX.2 Basic
4054 Regular Expression matching, including character classes, collating
4055 symbols, equivalence classes, and support for case-insensitive pattern
4058 d. ksh-88 egrep-style extended pattern matching ([@+*?!](patlist)) has been
4059 implemented, controlled by a new `shopt' option, `extglob'.
4061 e. There is a new ksh-like `[[' compound command, which implements
4062 extended `test' functionality.
4064 f. There is a new `printf' builtin, implemented according to the POSIX.2
4067 g. There is a new feature for command substitution: $(< filename) now expands
4068 to the contents of `filename', with any trailing newlines removed
4069 (equivalent to $(cat filename)).
4071 h. There are new tilde prefixes which expand to directories from the
4074 i. There is a new `**' arithmetic operator to do exponentiation.
4076 j. There are new configuration options to control how bash is linked:
4077 `--enable-profiling', to allow bash to be profiled with gprof, and
4078 `--enable-static-link', to allow bash to be linked statically.
4080 k. There is a new configuration option, `--enable-cond-command', which
4081 controls whether or not the `[[' command is included. It is on by
4084 l. There is a new configuration option, `--enable-extended-glob', which
4085 controls whether or not the ksh extended globbing feature is included.
4086 It is enabled by default.
4088 m. There is a new configuration #define in config.h.top that, when enabled,
4089 will cause all login shells to source /etc/profile and one of the user-
4090 specific login shell startup files, whether or not the shell is
4093 n. There is a new invocation option, `--dump-po-strings', to dump
4094 a shell script's translatable strings ($"...") in GNU `po' format.
4096 o. There is a new `shopt' option, `nocaseglob', to enable case-insensitive
4097 pattern matching when globbing filenames and using the `case' construct.
4099 p. There is a new `shopt' option, `huponexit', which, when enabled, causes
4100 the shell to send SIGHUP to all jobs when an interactive login shell
4103 q. `bind' has a new `-u' option, which takes a readline function name as an
4104 argument and unbinds all key sequences bound to that function in a
4107 r. `disown' now has `-a' and `-r' options, to limit operation to all jobs
4108 and running jobs, respectively.
4110 s. The `shopt' `-p' option now causes output to be displayed in a reusable
4113 t. `test' has a new `-N' option, which returns true if the filename argument
4114 has been modified since it was last accessed.
4116 u. `umask' now has a `-p' option to print output in a reusable format.
4118 v. A new escape sequence, `\xNNN', has been added to the `echo -e' and $'...'
4119 translation code. It expands to the character whose ascii code is NNN
4122 w. The prompt string expansion code has a new `\r' escape sequence.
4124 x. The shell may now be cross-compiled for the CYGWIN32 environment on
4127 4. New Features in Readline
4129 a. There is now an option for `iterative' yank-last-arg handline, so a user
4130 can keep entering `M-.', yanking the last argument of successive history
4133 b. New variable, `print-completions-horizontally', which causes completion
4134 matches to be displayed across the screen (like `ls -x') rather than up
4135 and down the screen (like `ls').
4137 c. New variable, `completion-ignore-case', which causes filename completion
4138 and matching to be performed case-insensitively.
4140 d. There is a new bindable command, `magic-space', which causes history
4141 expansion to be performed on the current readline buffer and a space to
4142 be inserted into the result.
4144 e. There is a new bindable command, `menu-complete', which enables tcsh-like
4145 menu completion (successive executions of menu-complete insert a single
4146 completion match, cycling through the list of possible completions).
4148 f. There is a new bindable command, `paste-from-clipboard', for use on Win32
4149 systems, to insert the text from the Win32 clipboard into the editing
4152 g. The key sequence translation code now understands printf-style backslash
4153 escape sequences, including \NNN octal escapes. These escape sequences
4154 may be used in key sequence definitions or macro values.
4156 h. An `$include' inputrc file parser directive has been added.
4158 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------
4159 This document details the changes between this version, bash-2.01.1-release,
4160 and the previous version, bash-2.01-release.
4164 a. The select command was fixed to check the validity of the user's
4165 input more strenuously.
4167 b. A bug was fixed that prevented `time' from timing commands correctly
4168 when supplied as an argument to `bash -c'.
4170 c. A fix was made to the mail checking code to keep from adding the same
4171 mail file to the list of files to check multiple times when parsing
4174 d. Fixed an off-by-one error in the tilde expansion library.
4176 e. When using the compound array assignment syntax, the old value of
4177 the array is cleared before assigning the new value.
4179 f. Fixed a bug that could cause a core dump when a trap handler was reset
4180 to the default in the trap command associated with that signal.
4182 g. Fixed a bug in the locale code that occurred when assigning a value
4185 h. A change was made to the parser so that words of the form xxx=(...)
4186 are not considered compound assignment statements unless there are
4187 characters before the `='.
4189 i. A fix was made to the command tracing code to correctly quote each
4192 j. Some changes were made to the bash-specific autoconf tests to make them
4195 k. Completion of words with globbing characters now correctly quotes the
4198 l. The directory /var/spool/mail is now preferred to /usr/spool/mail when
4199 configure is deciding on the default mail directory.
4201 m. The brace completion code was fixed to not quote the `{' and `}'.
4203 n. Some fixes were made to make $RANDOM more random in subshells.
4205 o. System-specific changes were made to configure for: SVR4.2
4207 p. Changes were made so that completion of words containing globbing chars
4208 substitutes the result only if a single filename was matched.
4210 q. The window size is now recomputed after a job is stopped with SIGTSTP if
4211 the user has set `checkwinsize' with `shopt'.
4213 r. When doing substring expansion, out-of-range substring specifiers now
4214 cause nothing to be substituted rather than an expansion error.
4216 s. A fix was made so that you can no longer trap `SIGEXIT' or `SIGDEBUG' --
4217 only `EXIT' and `DEBUG' are accepted.
4219 t. The display of trapped signals now uses the signal number if signals
4220 for which bash does not know the name are trapped.
4222 u. A fix was made so that `bash -r' does not turn on restricted mode until
4223 after the startup files are executed.
4225 v. A bug was fixed that occasionally caused a core dump when a variable
4226 found in the temporary environment of export/declare/readonly had a
4229 w. A bug that occasionally caused unallocated memory to be passed to free()
4230 when doing arithmetic substitution was fixed.
4232 x. A bug that caused a buffer overrun when expanding a prompt string
4233 containing `\w' and ${#PWD} exceeded PATH_MAX was fixed.
4235 y. A problem with the completion code that occasionally caused it to
4236 refer to a character before the beginning of the readline line buffer
4239 z. A bug was fixed so that the `read' builtin restarts reads when
4240 interrupted by signals other than SIGINT.
4242 aa. Fixed a bug that caused a command to be freed twice when there was
4243 an evaluation error in the `eval' command.
4245 2. Changes to Readline
4247 a. Added a missing `extern' to a declaration in readline.h that kept
4248 readline from compiling cleanly on some systems.
4250 b. The history file is now opened with mode 0600 when it is written for
4253 c. Changes were made to the SIGWINCH handling code so that prompt redisplay
4256 d. ^G now interrupts incremental searches correctly.
4258 e. A bug that caused a core dump when the set of characters to be quoted
4259 when completing words was empty was fixed.
4261 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------
4262 This document details the changes between this version, bash-2.01-release,
4263 and the previous version, bash-2.01-beta2.
4267 a. The `distclean' target should remove the `printenv' executable if it
4270 b. The test suite was changed slightly to ensure that the error messages
4271 are printed in English.
4273 c. A bug that caused the shell to dump core when a filename containing a
4274 `/' was passed to `hash' was fixed.
4276 d. Pathname canonicalization now leaves a leading `//' intact, as POSIX.1
4279 e. A memory leak when completing commands was fixed.
4281 f. A memory leak that occurred when checking the hash table for commands
4282 with relative paths was fixed.
4284 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------
4285 This document details the changes between this version, bash-2.01-beta2,
4286 and the previous version, bash-2.01-beta1.
4290 a. The `ulimit' builtin translates RLIM_INFINITY to the hard limit only if
4291 the current (soft) limit is less than or equal to the hard limit.
4293 b. Fixed a bug that caused the bash emulation of strcasecmp to produce
4296 c. A bug that caused memory to be freed twice when a trap handler resets
4297 the trap more than once was fixed.
4299 d. A bug that caused machines where sizeof (pointer) > sizeof (int) to
4300 fail (and possibly dump core) when trying to unwind-protect a null
4303 e. The startup files should not be run with job control enabled. This fix
4304 allows SIGINT to once again interrupt startup file execution.
4306 f. Bash should not change the SIGPROF handler if it is set to something
4309 g. The completion code that provides bash-specific completions for readline
4310 now quotes characters that the readline code would treat as word break
4311 characters if they appear in a file name.
4313 h. The completion code now correctly quotes filenames containing a `!',
4314 even if the user attempted to use double quotes when attempting
4317 i. A bug that caused the shell to dump core when `disown' was called without
4318 arguments and there was no current job was fixed.
4320 j. A construct like $((foo);bar) is now processed as a command substitution
4321 rather than as a bad arithmetic substitution.
4323 k. A couple of bugs that caused `fc' to not obey the `cmdhist' and `lithist'
4324 shell options when editing and re-executing a series of commands were
4327 l. A fix was made to the grammar -- the list of commands between `do' and
4328 `done' in the body of a `for' command should be treated the same as a
4331 2. Changes to Readline
4333 a. A couple of bugs that caused the history search functions to attempt to
4334 free a NULL pointer were fixed.
4336 b. If the C library provides setlocale(3), readline does not need to look
4337 at various environment variables to decide whether or not to go into
4338 eight-bit mode automatically -- just check whether the current locale
4339 is not `C' or `POSIX'.
4341 c. If the filename completion function finds that a directory was not closed
4342 by a previous (interrupted) completion, it closes the directory with
4345 3. New Features in Bash
4347 a. New bindable readline commands: history-and-alias-expand-line and
4348 alias-expand-line. The code was always in there, there was just no
4351 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------
4352 This document details the changes between this version, bash-2.01-beta1,
4353 and the previous version, bash-2.01-alpha1.
4357 a. Fixed a problem that could cause file descriptors used for process
4358 substitution to conflict with those used explicitly in redirections.
4360 b. Made it easier to regenerate configure if the user changes configure.in.
4362 c. ${GROUPS[0]} should always be the primary group, even on systems without
4365 d. Spelling correction is no longer enabled by default.
4367 e. Fixes to quoting problems in `bashbug'.
4369 f. OS-specific configuration changes were made for: Irix 6.
4371 g. OS-specific code changes were made for: QNX.
4373 h. A more meaningful message is now printed when the file in /tmp for a
4374 here document cannot be created.
4376 i. Many changes to the shell's variable initialization code to speed
4377 non-interactive startup.
4379 j. Changes to the non-job-control code so that it does not try to open
4382 k. The output of `set' and `export' is once again sorted, as POSIX wants.
4384 l. Fixed a problem caused by a recursive call reparsing the value of
4387 m. The tilde code no longer calls getenv() when it's compiled as part of
4388 the shell, which should eliminate problems on systems that cannot
4389 redefine getenv(), like the NeXT OS.
4391 n. Fixed a problem that caused `bash -o' or `bash +o' to not list all
4394 o. Fixed `ulimit' to convert RLIM_INFINITY to the appropriate hard limit
4395 only if the hard limit is greater than the current (soft) limit.
4397 p. Fixed a problem that arose when building bash in a different directory
4398 than the source and y.tab.[ch] were remade with something other than
4399 bison. This came up most often on NetBSD.
4401 q. Fixed a problem with completion -- it thought that `pwd`/[TAB] indicated
4402 an unfinished command completion (`/), which generated errors.
4404 r. The bash special tilde expansions (~-, ~+) are now attempted before
4405 calling the standard tilde expansion code, which should eliminate the
4406 problems people have been seeing with this on Solaris 2.5.1.
4408 s. Added support for <stdarg.h> to places where it was missing.
4410 t. Changed the code that reads the output of a command substitution to not
4411 go through stdio. This reduces the memory requirements and is faster.
4413 u. A number of changes to speed up export environment creation were made.
4415 v. A number of memory leaks were fixed as the result of running the test
4416 scripts through Purify.
4418 w. Fixed a bug that caused subshells forked to interpret executable
4419 scripts without a leading `#!' to not reinitialize the values of
4422 2. Changes to Readline
4424 a. History library has less `#ifdef SHELL' code -- abstracted stuff out
4425 into application-specific function hooks.
4427 b. Readline no longer calls getenv() if it's compiled as part of the shell,
4428 which should eliminate problems on systems that cannot redefine getenv(),
4431 c. Fixed translation of ESC when `untranslating' macro values.
4433 d. The region kill operation now fixes the mark if it ends up beyond the
4434 boundaries of the line after the region is deleted.
4436 3. New Features in Bash
4438 a. New argument for `configure': `--with-curses'. This can be used to
4439 override the selection of the termcap library on systems where it is
4442 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------
4443 This document details the changes between this version, bash-2.01-alpha1,
4444 and the previous version, bash-2.0-release.
4448 a. System-specific configuration changes for: FreeBSD, SunOS4, Irix,
4449 MachTen, QNX 4.2, Harris Night Hawk, SunOS5.
4451 b. System-specific code changes were made for: Linux, 4.4 BSD, QNX 4.2,
4454 c. A bug that caused the exec builtin to fail because the full pathname of
4455 the command could not be found was fixed.
4457 d. The code that performs output redirections is now more resistant to
4458 race conditions and possible security exploits.
4460 e. A bug that caused the shell to dump core when performing pattern
4461 substitutions on variable values was fixed.
4463 f. More hosts are now recognized by the auto-configuration mechanism
4464 (OpenBSD, QNX, others).
4466 g. Assignments to read-only variables that attempt to convert them to
4467 arrays are now errors.
4469 h. A bug that caused shell scripts using array assignments in POSIX mode
4470 to exit after the assignment was performed was fixed.
4472 i. The substring expansion code is now more careful about running off the
4473 ends of the expanded variable value.
4475 j. A bug that caused completion to fail if a backquoted command substitution
4476 appeared anywhere on the line was fixed.
4478 k. The `source' builtin no longer turns off history if it has been enabled
4479 in a non-interactive shell.
4481 l. A bug that caused the shell to crash when `disown' was given a pid
4482 instead of a job number was fixed.
4484 m. The `cd' spelling correction code will not try to change to `.' if no
4485 directory entries match a single-character argument.
4487 n. A bad variable name supplied to `declare', `export', or `readonly' no
4488 longer causes a non-interactive shell in POSIX mode to exit.
4490 o. Some fixes were made to the test suite to handle peculiarities of
4491 various Unix versions.
4493 p. The bash completion code now quotes characters that readline would
4494 treat as word breaks for completion but are not shell metacharacters.
4496 q. Bad options supplied at invocation now cause a usage message to be
4499 r. Fixes were made to the code that handles DEBUG traps so that the trap
4500 string is not freed inappropriately.
4502 s. Some changes were made to the bash debugger in examples/bashdb -- it
4503 should be closer to working now.
4505 t. A problem that caused the default filename used for mail checking to be
4508 u. A fix was made to the `echo' builtin so that NUL characters printed with
4509 `echo -e' do not cause the output to be truncated.
4511 v. A fix was made to the job control code so that the shell behaves better
4512 when monitor mode is enabled in a non-interactive shell.
4514 w. Bash no longer catches all of the terminating signals in a non-
4515 interactive shell until a trap is set on EXIT, which should result in
4518 x. A fix was made to the command timing code so that `time' can be used in
4521 y. A fix was made to the parser so that `((cmd); cmd2)' is now parsed as
4522 a nested subshell rather than strictly as an (erroneous) arithmetic
4525 z. A fix was made to the globbing code so that it correctly matches quoted
4526 filenames beginning with a `.'.
4528 aa. A bug in `fc' that caused some multi-line commands to not be stored as
4529 one command in the history when they were re-executed after editing
4530 (with `fc -e') was fixed.
4532 bb. The `ulimit' builtin now attempts to catch some classes of integer
4535 cc. The command-oriented-history code no longer attempts to add `;'
4536 inappropriately when a newline appears while reading a $(...) command
4539 dd. A bug that caused the shell to dump core when `help --' was executed
4542 ee. A bug that caused the shell to crash when an unset variable appeared
4543 in the body of a here document after `set -u' had been executed was
4546 ff. Implicit input redirections from /dev/null for asynchronous commands
4547 are now handled better.
4549 gg. A bug that caused the shell to fail to compile when configured with
4550 `--disable-readline' was fixed.
4552 hh. The globbing code should now be interruptible.
4554 ii. Bash now notices when the `kill' builtin is used to send SIGCONT to a
4555 stopped job and adjusts the data structures accordingly, as if `bg' had
4556 been executed instead.
4558 jj. A bug that caused the shell to crash when mixing calls to `getopts'
4559 and `shift' on the same set of positional parameters was fixed.
4561 kk. The command printing code now preserves the `-p' flag to `time'.
4563 ll. The command printing code now handles here documents better when there
4564 are other redirections associated with the command.
4566 mm. The special glibc environment variable (NNN_GNU_nonoption_argv_flags_)
4567 is no longer placed into the environment of executed commands -- users
4568 of glibc had too many problems with it.
4570 nn. Reorganized the code that generates signames.h. The signal_names list
4571 is now more complete but may be slightly different (SIGABRT is favored
4572 over SIGIOT, for example). The preferred signal names are those
4573 listed in the POSIX.2 standard.
4575 oo. `bashbug' now uses a filename shorter than 14 characters for its
4576 temporary file, and asks for confirmation before sending the bug
4579 pp. A bug that caused TAB completion in vi editing mode to not be turned
4580 off when `set -o posix' was executed or back on when `set +o posix'
4581 was executed was fixed.
4583 qq. A bug in the brace expansion code that caused brace expansions appearing
4584 in new-style $(...) command substitutions to be inappropriately expanded
4587 rr. A bug in the readline hook shell-expand-line that could cause memory to
4588 be inappropriately freed was fixed.
4590 ss. A bug that caused some arithmetic expressions containing `&&' and `||'
4591 to be parsed with the wrong precedence has been fixed.
4593 tt. References to unbound variables after `set -u' has been executed now
4594 cause the shell to exit immediately, as they should.
4596 uu. A bug that caused the shell to exit inappropriately when `set -e' had
4597 been executed and a command's return status was being inverted with the
4598 `!' reserved word was fixed.
4600 vv. A bug that could occasionally cause the shell to crash with a
4601 divide-by-zero error when timing a command was fixed.
4603 ww. A bug that caused parameter pattern substitution to leave stray
4604 backslashes in the replacement string when the expression is in
4605 double quotes was fixed.
4607 xx. The `break' and `continue' builtins now break out of all loops when an
4608 invalid count argument is supplied.
4610 yy. Fixed a bug that caused PATH to be set to the empty string if
4611 `command -p' is executed with PATH unset.
4613 zz. Fixed `kill -l signum' to print the signal name without the `SIG' prefix,
4616 aaa. Fixed a bug that caused the shell to crash while setting $SHELLOPTS
4617 if there were no shell options set.
4619 bbb. Fixed `export -p' and `readonly -p' so that when the shell is in POSIX
4620 mode, their output is as POSIX.2 specifies.
4622 ccc. Fixed a bug in `readonly' so that `readonly -a avar=(...)' actually
4623 creates an array variable.
4625 ddd. Fixed a bug that prevented `time' from correctly timing background
4628 2. Changes to Readline
4630 a. A bug that caused an extra newline to be printed when the cursor was on
4631 an otherwise empty line was fixed.
4633 b. An instance of memory being used after it was freed was corrected.
4635 c. The redisplay code now works when the prompt is longer than the screen
4638 d. `dump-macros' is now a bindable name, as it should have been all along.
4640 e. Non-printable characters are now expanded when displaying macros and
4643 f. The `dump-variables' and `dump-macros' commands now output a leading
4644 newline if they're called as the result of a key sequence, rather
4645 than directly by an application.
4647 3. New Features in Bash
4649 a. There is a new builtin array variable: GROUPS, the set of groups to which
4650 the user belongs. This is used by the test suite.
4652 4. New Features in Readline
4654 a. If a key sequence bound to `universal-argument' is read while reading a
4655 numeric argument started with `universal-argument', it terminates the
4656 argument but is otherwise ignored. This provides a way to insert multiple
4657 instances of a digit string, and is how GNU emacs does it.
4659 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------
4660 This document details the changes between this version, bash-2.0-release,
4661 and the previous version, bash-2.0-beta3.
4665 a. Fix to the `getopts' builtin so that it does the right thing when a
4666 required option argument is not present.
4668 b. The completion code now updates the common prefix of matched names
4669 after FIGNORE processing is done, since any names that were removed
4670 may have changed the common prefix.
4672 c. Fixed a bug that made messages in MAILPATH entries not work correctly.
4674 d. Fixed a serious documentation error in the description of the new
4675 ${parameter:offset[:length]} expansion.
4677 e. Fixes to make parameter substring expansion ({$param:offset[:length]})
4678 work when within double quotes.
4680 f. Fixes to make ^A (CTLESC) survive an unquoted expansion of positional
4683 g. Corrected a misspelling of `unlimited' in the output of `ulimit'.
4685 h. Fixed a bug that caused executable scripts without a leading `#!' to
4686 occasionally pick up the wrong set of positional parameters.
4688 i. Linux systems now have a working `ulimit -v', using RLIMIT_AS.
4690 j. Updated config.guess so that many more machine types are recognized.
4692 k. Fixed a bug with backslash-quoted slashes in the ${param/pat[/sub]}
4695 l. If the shell is named `-su', and `-c command' is supplied, read and
4696 execute the login shell startup files even though the shell is not
4697 interactive. This is to support the `-' option to `su'.
4699 m. Fixed a bug that caused core dumps when the DEBUG trap was ignored
4700 with `trap "" DEBUG' and a shell function was subsequently executed.
4702 n. Fixed a bug that caused core dumps in the read builtin when IFS was
4703 set to the null string and the input had leading whitespace.
4705 2. Changes to Readline
4707 a. Fixed a bug that caused a numeric argument of 1024 to be ignored when
4710 b. Fixed the display code so that the numeric argument is displayed as it's
4713 c. Fixed the numeric argument reading code so that `M-- command' is
4714 equivalent to `M--1 command', as the prompt implies.
4716 3. New Features in Bash
4718 a. `ulimit' now sets both hard and soft limits and reports the soft limit
4719 by default (when neither -H nor -S is specified). This is compatible
4720 with versions of sh and ksh that implement `ulimit'.
4722 b. Integer constants have been extended to base 64.
4724 4. New Features in Readline
4726 a. The `home' and `end' keys are now bound to beginning-of-line and
4727 end-of-line, respectively, if the corresponding termcap capabilities
4730 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------
4731 This document details the changes between this version, bash-2.0-beta3,
4732 and the previous version, bash-2.0-beta2.
4736 a. System-specific changes for: AIX 4.2, SCO 3.2v[45], HP-UX.
4738 b. When in POSIX mode, variable assignments preceding a special builtin
4739 persist in the shell environment after the builtin completes.
4741 c. Changed all calls to getwd() to getcwd(). Improved check for systems
4742 where the libc getcwd() calls popen(), since that breaks on some
4743 systems when job control is being used.
4745 d. Fixed a bug that caused seg faults when executing scripts with the
4746 execute bit set but without a leading `#!'.
4748 e. The environment passed to executed commands is never sorted.
4750 f. A bug was fixed in the code that expands ${name[@]} to the number of
4751 elements in an array variable.
4753 g. A bug was fixed in the array compound assignment code ( A=( ... ) ).
4755 h. Window size changes now correctly propagate down to readline if
4756 the shopt `checkwinsize' option is enabled.
4758 i. A fix was made in the code that expands to the length of a variable
4761 j. A fix was made to the command builtin so that it did not turn on the
4762 `no fork' flag inappropriately.
4764 k. A fix was made to make `set -n' work more reliably.
4766 l. A fix was made to the job control initialization code so that the
4767 terminal process group is set to the shell's process group if the
4768 shell changes its own process group.
4770 2. Changes to Readline
4772 a. System-specific changes for: SCO 3.2v[45].
4774 b. The behavior of the vi-mode `.' when redoing an `i' command was changed
4775 to insert the text previously inserted by the `i' command rather than
4776 simply entering insert mode.
4778 3. New features in Bash
4780 a. There is a new version of the autoload function package, in
4781 examples/functions/autoload.v2, that uses arrays and provides more
4784 b. Support for LC_COLLATE and locale-specific sorting of the results of
4785 pathname expansion if strcoll() is available.
4787 4. New Features in Readline
4789 a. Support for locale-specific sorting of completion possibilities if
4790 strcoll() is available.
4792 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------
4793 This document details the changes between this version, bash-2.0-beta2,
4794 and the previous version, bash-2.0-beta1.
4798 a. `pushd -' is once again equivalent to `pushd $OLDPWD'.
4800 b. OS-specific changes for: SCO 3.2v[45].
4802 c. A change was made to the fix for the recently-reported security hole
4803 when reading characters with octal value 255 to make it work better on
4804 systems with restartable system calls when not using readline.
4806 d. Some changes were made to the test suite so that it works if you
4807 configure bash with --enable-usg-echo-default.
4809 e. A fix was made to the parsing of conditional arithmetic expressions.
4811 f. Illegal arithmetic bases now cause an arithmetic evaluation error rather
4812 than being silently reset.
4814 g. Multiple arithmetic bases now cause an arithmetic evaluation error
4815 instead of being ignored.
4817 h. A fix was made to the evaluation of ${param?word} to conform to POSIX.2.
4819 i. A bug that sometimes caused array indices to be evaluated twice (which
4820 would cause errors when they contained assignment statements) was fixed.
4822 j. `ulimit' was rewritten to avoid problems with getrlimit(2) returning
4823 unsigned values and to simplify the code.
4825 k. A bug in the command-oriented-history code that caused it to sometimes
4826 put semicolons after right parens inappropriately was fixed.
4828 l. The values inserted into the prompt by the \w and \W escape sequences
4829 are now quoted to prevent further expansion.
4831 m. An interactive shell invoked as `sh' now reads and executes commands
4832 from the file named by $ENV when it starts up. If it's a login shell,
4833 it does this after reading /etc/profile and ~/.profile.
4835 n. The file named by $ENV is never read by non-interactive shells.
4837 2. Changes to Readline
4839 a. A few changes were made to hide some macros and functions that should not
4842 b. An off-by-one error that caused seg faults in the history expansion code
4845 3. New Features in Bash
4847 a. The ksh-style ((...)) arithmetic command was implemented. It is exactly
4848 identical to let "...". This is controlled by a new option to configure,
4849 `--enable-dparen-arithmetic', which is on by default.
4851 b. There is a new #define available in config.h.top: SYS_BASH_LOGOUT. If
4852 defined to a filename, bash reads and executes commands from that file
4853 when a login shell exits. It's commented out by default.
4855 c. `ulimit' has a `-l' option that reports the maximum amount of data that
4856 may be locked into memory on 4.4BSD-based systems.
4858 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------
4859 This document details the changes between this version, bash-2.0-beta1,
4860 and the previous version, bash-2.0-alpha4.
4864 a. A bug that sometimes caused traps to be ignored on signals the
4865 shell treats specially was fixed.
4867 b. The internationalization code was changed to track the values of
4868 LC_* variables and call setlocale() as appropriate. The TEXTDOMAIN
4869 and TEXTDOMAINDIR variables are also tracked; changes cause calls
4870 to textdomain() and bindtextdomain(), if available.
4872 c. A bug was fixed that sometimes caused double-quoted strings to be
4875 d. Changes were made so that the siglist code compiles correctly on
4878 e. Added `:' to the set of characters that cause word breaks for the
4879 completion code so that pathnames in assignments to $PATH can be
4882 f. The `select' command was fixed to print $PS3 to stderr.
4884 g. Fixed an error in the manual page section describing the effect that
4885 setting and unsetting GLOBIGNORE has on the setting of the `dotglob'
4888 h. The time conversion code now uses CLK_TCK rather than CLOCKS_PER_SEC
4889 on systems without gettimeofday() and resources.
4891 i. The getopt static variables are now initialized each time a subshell
4892 is started, so subshells using `getopts' work right.
4894 j. A sign-extension bug that caused a possible security hole was fixed.
4896 k. The parser now reads characters between backquotes within a double-
4897 quoted string as a single word, so double quotes in the backquoted
4898 string don't terminate the enclosing double-quoted string.
4900 l. A bug that caused `^O' to work incorrectly when typed as the first
4901 thing to an interactive shell was fixed.
4903 m. A rarely-exercised off-by-one error in the code that quotes variable
4906 n. Some memory and file descriptor leaks encountered when running a
4907 shell script that is executable but does not have a leading `#!'
4910 2. Changes to Readline
4912 a. A bug that sometimes caused incorrect results when trying to read
4913 typeahead on systems without FIONREAD was fixed.
4915 3. New Features in Bash
4917 a. The command timing code now uses the value of the TIMEFORMAT variable
4918 to format and display timing statistics.
4920 b. The `time' reserved word now accepts a `-p' option to force the
4921 POSIX.2 output format.
4923 c. There are a couple of new and updated scripts to convert csh startup
4924 files to bash format.
4926 d. There is a new builtin array variable: BASH_VERSINFO. The various
4927 members hold the parts of the version information in BASH_VERSION,
4928 plus the value of MACHTYPE.
4930 4. New Features in Readline
4932 a. Setting LANG to `en_US.ISO8859-1' now causes readline to enter
4935 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------
4936 This document details the changes between this version, bash-2.0-alpha4,
4937 and the previous version, bash-2.0-alpha3.
4941 a. There is better detection of rsh connections on Solaris 2.
4943 b. Assignments to read-only variables preceding a command name are now
4944 variable assignment errors. Variable assignment errors cause
4945 non-interactive shells running in posix mode to exit.
4947 c. The word tokenizer was rewritten to handle nested quotes and pairs
4948 ('', "", ``, ${...}, $(...), $[...], $'...', $"...", <(...), >(...))
4949 correctly. Some of the parameter expansion code was updated as a
4952 d. A fix was made to `test' when given three arguments so that a binary
4953 operator is checked for first, before checking that the first argument
4956 e. 2''>/dev/null is no longer equivalent to 2>/dev/null.
4958 f. Parser error messages were regularized, and in most cases the name of
4959 the shell script being read by a non-interactive shell is not printed
4962 g. A fix was made to the completion code so that it no longer removes the
4963 text the user typed in some cases.
4965 h. The special glibc `getopt' environment variable is no longer put into
4966 the environment on machines with small values of ARG_MAX.
4968 i. The expansion of ${...} now follows the POSIX.2 rules for finding the
4971 j. The shell no longer displays spurious status messages for background
4972 jobs in shell scripts that complete successfully when the script is
4973 run from a terminal.
4975 k. `shopt -o' now correctly updates $SHELLOPTS.
4977 l. A bug that caused the $PATH searching code to return a non-executable
4978 file even when an executable file with the same name appeared later in
4981 m. The shell now does tilde expansions on unquoted `:~' in assignment
4982 statements when not in posix mode.
4984 n. Variable assignment errors when a command consists only of assignments
4985 now cause non-interactive shells to exit when in posix mode.
4987 o. If the variable in a `for' or `select' command is read-only, or not a
4988 legal shell identifier, a variable assignment error occurs.
4990 p. `test' now handles `-a' and `-o' as binary operators when three arguments
4991 are supplied, and correctly parses `( word )' as equivalent to `word'.
4993 q. `test' was fixed so that file names of the form /dev/fd/NN mean the same
4994 thing on all systems, even Linux.
4996 r. Fixed a bug in the globbing code that caused patterns with multiple
4997 consecutive `*'s to not be matched correctly.
4999 s. Fixed a bug that caused $PS2 to not be printed when an interactive shell
5000 not using readline is reading a here document.
5002 t. Fixed a bug that caused history expansion to be performed inappropriately
5003 when a single-quoted string spanned more than one line.
5005 u. `getopts' now checks that the variable name passed by the user as the
5006 second argument is a legal shell identifier and that the variable is
5009 v. Fixed `getopts' to obey POSIX.2 rules for setting $OPTIND when it
5010 encounters an error.
5012 w. Fixed `set' to display variable values in a form that can be re-read.
5014 x. Fixed a bug in the code that keeps track of whether or not local variables
5015 have been declared at the current level of function nesting.
5017 y. Non-interactive shells in posix mode now exit if the name in a function
5018 declaration is not a legal identifier.
5020 z. The job control code now ignores stopped children when the shell is not
5023 aa. The `cd' builtin no longer attempts spelling correction on the directory
5024 name if the shell is not interactive, regardless of the setting of the
5027 bb. Some OS-specific changes were made for SCO 3.2v[45] and AIX 4.2.
5029 cc. `time' now prints its output to stderr, as POSIX.2 specifies.
5031 2. Fixes to Readline
5033 a. After printing possible completions, all lines of a multi-line prompt
5036 b. Some changes were made to the terminal handling code in rltty.c to
5037 work around AIX 4.2 bugs.
5039 3. New Features in Bash
5041 a. There is a new loadable builtin: sprintf, with calling syntax
5042 sprintf var format [args]
5043 This provides an easy way to simulate ksh left- and right-justified
5046 b. The expansions of \h and \H in prompt strings were swapped. \h now
5047 expands to the hostname up to the first `.', as in bash-1.14.
5049 4. New Features in Readline
5051 a. The bash-1.14 behavior when ^M is typed while doing an incremental
5052 search was restored. ^J may now be used to terminate the search without
5055 b. There is a new bindable variable: disable-completion. This inhibits
5056 word completion and causes the completion character to be inserted as
5057 if it had been bound to self-insert.
5059 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------
5060 This document details the changes between this version, bash-2.0-alpha3,
5061 and the previous version, bash-2.0-alpha2.
5063 There is now a file `COMPAT' included in the distribution that lists the
5064 user-visible incompatibilities between 1.14 and 2.0.
5068 a. Some work was done so that word splitting of the rhs of assignment
5069 statements conforms more closely to historical practice.
5071 b. A couple of errant memory frees were fixed.
5073 c. A fix was made to the test builtin so it recognizes `<' and `>' as
5076 d. The GNU malloc in lib/malloc/malloc.c now scrambles memory as it's
5077 allocated and freed. This is to catch callers that refer to freed
5078 memory or assume something about newly-allocated memory.
5080 e. Fixed a problem with conversion to 12-hour time in the prompt
5083 f. Fixed a problem with configure's argument parsing order. Now you can
5084 correctly turn on specific options after using --enable-minimal-config.
5086 g. The configure script now automatically disables the use of GNU malloc
5087 on systems where it's appropriate (better than having people read the
5088 NOTES file and do it manually).
5090 h. There are new prompt expansions (\v and \V) to insert version information
5091 into the prompt strings.
5093 i. The default prompt string now includes the version number.
5095 j. Most of the builtins that take no options were changed to use the
5096 internal getopt so they can produce proper error messages for -?
5097 and incorrect options.
5099 k. Some system-specific changes were made for SVR4.2 and Solaris 2.5.
5101 l. Bash now uses PATH_MAX instead of MAXPATHLEN and NAME_MAX instead of
5104 m. A couple of problems caused by uninitialized variables were fixed.
5106 n. There are a number of new loadable builtin examples: logname, basename,
5107 dirname, tty, pathchk, tee, head, and rmdir. All of these conform to
5110 o. Bash now notices changes in TZ and calls tzset() if present, so
5111 changing TZ will alter the time printed by prompt expansions.
5113 p. The source was reorganized a bit so I don't have to wait so long for
5114 some files to compile, and to facilitate the creation of a `shell
5115 library' at some future point.
5117 q. Bash no longer turns off job control if called as `sh', since the
5118 POSIX.2 spec includes job control as a standard feature.
5120 r. `bash -o posix' now works as intended.
5122 s. Fixed a problem with the completion code: when completing a filename
5123 that contained globbing characters, if show-all-if-ambiguous was set,
5124 the completion code would remove the user's text.
5126 t. Fixed ulimit so that (hopefully) the full range of limits is available
5129 u. A new `shopt' option (`hostcomplete') enables and disables hostname
5132 v. The shell no longer attempts to save the history on an abort(),
5133 which is usually called by programming_error().
5135 w. The `-s' option to `fc' was changed to echo the command to be executed
5136 to stderr instead of stdout.
5138 x. If the editor invoked by `fc -e' exits with a non-zero status, no
5139 commands are executed.
5141 y. Fixed a bug that made the shopt `histverify' option work incorrectly.
5143 z. There is a new variable `MACHTYPE' whose value is the GNU-style
5144 `cpu-company-system' system description as set by configure. (The
5145 values of MACHTYPE and HOSTTYPE should really be swapped.)
5147 aa. The `ulimit' builtin now allows the maximum virtual memory size to be
5148 set via setrlimit(2) if RLIMIT_VMEM is defined.
5150 bb. `bash -nc 'command'' no longer runs `command'.
5152 2. Changes to Readline
5154 a. Fixed a typo in the code that checked for FIONREAD in input.c.
5156 b. Fixed a bug in the code that outputs keybindings, so things like C-\
5157 are quoted properly.
5159 c. Fixed a bug in the inputrc file parsing code to handle the problems
5160 caused by inputrc files created from the output of `bind -p' in
5161 previous versions of bash. The problem was due to the bug fixed
5164 d. Readline no longer turns off the terminal's meta key, and turns it on
5165 once the first time it's called.
5167 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------
5168 This file documents the changes between this version, bash-2.0-alpha2,
5169 and the previous version, bash-2.0-alpha.
5173 a. The shell no longer thinks directories are executable.
5175 b. `disown' has a new option, `h', which inhibits the resending of SIGHUP
5176 but does not remove the job from the jobs table.
5178 c. The varargs functions in error.c now use ANSI-C `stdarg' if available.
5180 d. The build process now treats the `build version' in .build as local to
5181 the build directory, so different versions built from the same source
5182 tree have different `build versions'.
5184 e. Some problems with the grammar have been fixed. (It used `list' in a few
5185 productions where `compound_list' was needed. A `list' must be terminated
5186 with a newline or semicolon; a `compound_list' need not be.)
5188 f. A fix was made to keep `wait' from hanging when waiting for all background
5191 g. `bash --help' now writes its output to stdout, like the GNU Coding Standards
5192 specify, and includes the machine type (the value of MACHTYPE).
5194 h. `bash --version' now prints more information and exits successfully, like
5195 the GNU Coding Standards specify.
5197 i. The output of `time' and `times' now prints fractional seconds with three
5198 places after the decimal point.
5200 j. A bug that caused process substitutions to screw up the pipeline printed
5201 by `jobs' was fixed.
5203 k. Fixes were made to the code that implements $'...' and $"..." so they
5206 l. The process substitution code now opens named pipes for reading with
5207 O_NONBLOCK to avoid hanging.
5209 m. Fixes were made to the trap code so the shell cleans up correctly if the
5210 trap command contains a `return' and we're executing a function or
5211 sourcing a script with `.'.
5213 n. Fixes to doc/Makefile.in so that it doesn't try to remake all of the
5214 documentation (ps, dvi, etc.) on a `make install'.
5216 o. Fixed an auto-increment error that caused bash -c args to sometimes dump
5219 p. Fixed a bug that caused $HISTIGNORE to fail when the history line
5220 contained globbing characters.
5222 2. Changes to Readline
5224 a. There is a new string variable, rl_library_version, available for use by
5225 applications. The current value is "2.1".
5227 b. A bug encountered when expand-tilde was enabled and file completion was
5228 attempted on a word beginning with `~/' was fixed.
5230 c. A slight change was made to the incremental search termination behavior.
5231 ESC still terminates the search, but if input is pending or arrives
5232 within 0.1 seconds (on systems with select(2)), it is used as a prefix
5233 character. This is intented to allow users to terminate searches with
5234 the arrow keys and get the behavior they expect.