1 This document details the changes between this version, bash-2.05b-release,
2 and the previous version, bash-2.05b-beta2.
6 a. Fixed an off-by-one error in the function that translates job
9 b. Note that we're running under Emacs and disable line editing if
12 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------
13 This document details the changes between this version, bash-2.05b-beta2,
14 and the previous version, bash-2.05b-beta1.
18 a. Fixed the /= and %= arithmetic operators to catch division by zero.
20 b. Added putenv, setenv, unsetenv to getenv replacement for completeness.
22 c. Fixed a bug that could cause the -O expand_aliases invocation option
25 d. Fixed a problem with process substitution that resulted in incorrect
26 behavior when the number of process substitutions in an individual
27 command approached 64.
29 2. Changes to Readline
31 a. Fixed a problem with backward-char-search when on a system with support
32 for multibyte characters when running in a locale without any multibyte
35 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------
36 This document details the changes between this version, bash-2.05b-beta1,
37 and the previous version, bash-2.05b-alpha1.
41 a. Fixed a problem when parsing a POSIX.2 character class name while
42 evaluating a bracket expression containing multibyte characters.
44 b. Changed the help text for `bind' to make it clear that any command
45 that may be placed in ~/.inputrc is a valid argument to `bind'.
47 c. Added `help' builtin entries for `((', `[[', and arithmetic for.
49 d. malloc updated again:
50 o slightly better overflow and underflow detection by putting the
51 chunk size at the beginning and end of the chunk and making
52 sure they match in free/realloc
53 o partial page allocated to make things page-aligned no longer
55 o block coalescing now enabled by default
56 o splitting and coalescing enabled for 32-byte chunks, the most
58 o fixed a problem that resulted in spurious underflow messages and
60 o bin sizes are precomputed and stored in an array rather than
61 being computed at run time
62 o malloc will return memory blocks back to the system if the block
63 being freed is at the top of the heap and of sufficient size to
65 o malloc/free/realloc now inline memset instead of calling the
66 libc function; uses Duff's device for good performance
68 e. Check for getservent(); make the service name completion code dependent
71 f. Changed the readline callback that executes a command bound to a key
72 sequence to not save the executed command on the history list and to
73 save and restore the parsing state.
75 g. Changes to lib/sh/snprintf.c: fixed some bugs in the `g' and `G'
76 floating point format display; implemented the "'" flag character
77 that turns on thousands' grouping; fixed behavior on systems where
78 MB_CUR_MAX does not evaluate to a constant.
80 h. The `unset' builtin no longer returns a failure status when asked to
81 unset a previously-unset variable or function.
83 i. Changes to the build system to make it easier to cross-compile bash
84 for different systems.
86 j. Added `,' to the characters that are backslash-escaped during filename
87 completion, to avoid problems with complete-into-braces and RCS filenames
90 k. Some changes to the multibyte character support code to avoid many calls
93 l. Bash now correctly honors setting LANG to some value when LC_ALL does not
96 m. Fixed a bug that could cause SIGSEGV when processing nested traps with
99 n. The `source/.' builtin now restores the positional parameters when it
100 returns unless they were changed using the `set' builtin during the file's
103 o. Fixed a bug that caused a syntax error when a command was terminated by
106 2. New Features in Bash
108 a. There is now support for placing the long help text into separate files
109 installed into ${datadir}/bash. Not enabled by default; can be turned
110 on with `--enable-separate-helpfiles' option to configure.
112 b. All builtins that take operands accept a `--' pseudo-option, except
115 c. The `echo' builtin now accepts \0xxx (zero to three octal digits following
116 the `0') in addition to \xxx (one to three octal digits) for SUSv3/XPG6/
117 POSIX.1-2001 compliance.
119 3. Changes to Readline
121 a. Fixed a small problem in _rl_insert_char with multibyte characters.
123 b. Fixes from IBM for line wrapping problems when using multibyte characters.
125 c. Fixed a problem which caused the display to be messed up when the last
126 line of a multi-line prompt (possibly containing invisible characters)
127 was longer than the screen width.
129 d. Fixed a problem with the vi-mode `r' command that ocurred on systems with
130 support for multibyte characters when running in a locale without any
131 multibyte characters.
133 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------
134 This document details the changes between this version, bash-2.05b-alpha1,
135 and the previous version, bash-2.05a-release.
139 a. Some changes to work around inlining differences between compilers.
141 b. Added more prototypes for internal shell typedefs, to catch argument
142 passing errors when using pointers to functions.
144 c. The `cd' builtin now fails in posix mode when a valid directory cannot be
145 constructed from a relative pathname argument and the $PWD using pathname
146 canonicalization, and the -P option has not been supplied. Previously,
147 the shell would attempt to use what the user typed, leading to weird
148 values for $PWD and discrepancies between the value of $PWD and the
149 actual working directory.
151 d. The `cd' builtin now resets $PWD when canonicalization fails but a chdir
152 to the pathname passed as an argument succeeds (when not in posix mode).
154 e. The `fc' builtin has been fixed, as POSIX requires, to use the closest
155 history position in range when given an out-of-range argument.
157 f. The history file loading code was changed to allow lines to be saved in
158 the history list from the shell startup files.
160 g. `history -s args' now works bettern in compound commands.
162 h. The tilde expansion code was fixed to better recognize when it's being
163 invoked in an assignment context, which enables expansion after `='
166 i. Fixed the command name completion code so a slash is no longer appended
167 to a single match if there happens to be a directory with that name in
170 j. Fixed compound array assignment to no longer perform alias expansion, to
171 allow reserved words as array members, and to not produce extra output
172 when the `-v' option had been enabled.
174 k. Fixed the programmable completion code to better handle newlines in lists
175 of possible completions (e.g., `complete -W').
177 l. Removed the reserved words from the `bash-builtins' manual page.
179 m. Parser error reporting now attempts to do a better job of identifying the
180 token in error rather than doing straight textual analysis.
182 n. Fixes for Inf/NaN, locales, wide/multibyte characters and zero-length
183 arguments in the library snprintf(3) replacement.
185 o. `read -e' no longer does command name completion on the first word on
188 p. `select' now returns failure if the read of the user's selection fails.
190 q. Fixed a bug that could cause a core dump when setting $PIPESTATUS.
192 r. Fixes to not allocate so many job slots when the shell is running a loop
193 with job control enabled in a subshell of an interactive shell.
195 s. Fixed a bug in the trap code that caused traps to be inherited by
196 command substitutions in some cases.
198 t. Fixed a bug that could cause alias expansion to inappropriately expand
199 the word following the alias.
201 u. Fixed a bug in the `kill' builtin that mishandled negative pid arguments.
203 v. The parser is less lenient when parsing assignment statements where the
204 characters before the `=' don't comprise a valid identifier.
206 w. The arithmetic expression evaluation code now honors the setting of the
207 `-u' option when expanding variable names.
209 x. Fixed the arithmetic evaluation code to allow array subscripts to be
210 assigned (`let b[7]=42') and auto-incremented and auto-decremented
213 y. Reimplemented the existing prompt string date and time expansions using
214 strftime(3), which changed the output of \@ in some locales.
216 z. Fixed a bug that could cause a core dump when a special shell variable
217 (like RANDOM) was converted to an array with a variable assignment.
219 aa. Fixed a bug that would reset the handler for a signal the user had
220 trapped to a function that would exit the shell when setting the exit
221 trap in a non-interactive shell.
223 bb. Changed the execve(2) wrapper code to check whether or not a failing
224 command is a directory before looking at whether a `#!' interpreter
225 failed for some reason.
227 cc. Fixed a bug in the command printing code so it no longer inserts a `;'
228 after a newline, which produces a syntax error when reused as input.
230 dd. The code that expands $PS4 no longer inherits the `-x' flag.
232 ee. The bash-specific completion functions may now take advantage of the
233 double-TAB and M-? features of the standard readline completion
236 ff. The mail checking code no longer prints a message if the checked file's
237 size has not increased, even if the access time is less than the modification time.
239 gg. Rewrote the variable symbol table code: there is now a stack of
240 contexts, each possibly including a separate symbol table; there can
241 be more than one temporary environment supplied to nested invocations
242 of `./source'; the temporary environments no longer require so much
243 special-case code; shell functions now handle the temporary environment
244 and local variables more consistently; function scope exit is faster now
245 that the entire symbol table does not have to be traversed to dispose of
246 local variables; it is now easier to push vars from the temporary
247 environment to the shell's variable table in posix mode; some duplicated
248 code has been removed.
250 hh. Regularized the error message printing code; builtin_error is now called
251 more consistently, and common error message strings are handled by small
252 functions. This should make eventual message translation easier.
254 ii. Error messages now include the line number in a script when the shell
257 jj. Array subscript expansion now takes place even when the array variable is
258 unset, so side effects will take place.
260 kk. Fixed a bug in the SICGHLD child-reaping code so that it won't find
261 jobs already marked as terminated if the OS reuses pids quickly enough.
263 ll. Fixed a bug that could cause a signal to not interrupt the `wait'
264 builtin while it was waiting for a background process to terminate.
266 mm. A couple of changes to make it easier for multiple shells to share history
267 files using `history -n', `history -r', and `history -w'.
269 nn. The `getopts' builtin always increments OPTIND to point to the next
270 option to be handled when an option is returned, whether it's valid
271 or not, as POSIX 1003.x-2001 requires.
273 oo. Changed some parts of the expansion code to avoid allocating and
274 immediately freeing memory without using the results for anything.
276 pp. The shell now keeps track of $IFS internally, updating its internal map
277 each time the variable is assigned a new value (or at local scope exit).
278 This saves thousands of hash lookups for IFS, which, while individually
281 qq. Rewrote the hash table code: searching and insertion are much faster now,
282 and it uses a better string hashing function; augmented the function
283 interface to simplify other parts of the code and remove duplicated code
285 rr. The shell now uses a simple, generic `object cache' for allocating and
286 caching words and word lists, which were the major users of
289 ss. Fixed the assignment statement parsing code to allow whitespace and
290 newlines in subscripts when performing array element assignment.
292 tt. The shell now issues many fewer calls to sigprocmask and other signal
293 masking system calls.
295 uu. Fixed the `test' and conditional command file comparison operators to
296 work right when one file has a non-positive timestamp and the other
299 vv. Fixed some cases where the special characters '\001' and '\177' in the
300 values of variables or positional parameters caused incorrect expansion
303 2. Changes to Readline
305 a. Fixed output of comment-begin character when listing variable values.
307 b. Added some default key bindings for common escape sequences produced by
310 c. Fixed the mark handling code to be more emacs-compatible.
312 d. A bug was fixed in the code that prints possible completions to keep it
313 from printing empty strings in certain circumstances.
315 e. Change the key sequence printing code to print ESC as M\- if ESC is a
316 meta-prefix character -- it's easier for users to understand than \e.
318 f. Fixed unstifle_history() to return values that match the documentation.
320 g. Fixed the event loop (rl_event_hook) to handle the case where the input
321 file descriptor is invalidated.
323 h. Fixed the prompt display code to work better when the application has a
324 custom redisplay function.
326 i. Changes to make reading and writing the history file a little faster, and
327 to cope with huge history files without calling abort(3) from xmalloc.
329 j. The vi-mode `S' and `s' commands are now undone correctly.
331 3. New Features in Bash
333 a. If set, TMOUT is the default timeout for the `read' builtin.
335 b. `type' has two new options: `-f' suppresses shell function lookup, and
336 `-P' forces a $PATH search.
338 c. New code to handle multibyte characters.
340 d. `select' was changed to be more ksh-compatible, in that the menu is
341 reprinted each time through the loop only if REPLY is set to NULL.
342 The previous behavior is available as a compile-time option.
344 e. `complete -d' and `complete -o dirnames' now force a slash to be
345 appended to names which are symlinks to directories.
347 f. There is now a bindable edit-and-execute-command readline command,
348 like the vi-mode `v' command, bound to C-xC-e in emacs mode.
350 g. Added support for ksh93-like [:word:] character class in pattern matching.
352 h. The $'...' quoting construct now expands \cX to Control-X.
354 i. A new \D{...} prompt expansion; passes the `...' to strftime and inserts
355 the result into the expanded prompt.
357 j. The shell now performs arithmetic in the largest integer size the
358 machine supports (intmax_t), instead of long.
360 k. If a numeric argument is supplied to one of the bash globbing completion
361 functions, a `*' is appended to the word before expansion is attempted.
363 l. The bash globbing completion functions now allow completions to be listed
364 with double tabs or if `show-all-if-ambiguous' is set.
366 m. New `-o nospace' option for `complete' and `compgen' builtins; suppresses
367 readline's appending a space to the completed word.
369 n. New `here-string' redirection operator: <<< word.
371 o. When displaying variables, function attributes and definitions are shown
372 separately, allowing them to be re-used as input (attempting to re-use
373 the old output would result in syntax errors).
375 p. There is a new configuration option `--enable-mem-scramble', controls
376 bash malloc behavior of writing garbage characters into memory at
377 allocation and free time.
379 q. The `complete' and `compgen' builtins now have a new `-s/-A service'
380 option to complete on names from /etc/services.
382 r. `read' has a new `-u fd' option to read from a specified file descriptor.
384 s. Fix the completion code so that expansion errors in a directory name
385 don't cause a longjmp back to the command loop.
387 t. Fixed word completion inside command substitution to work a little more
390 u. The `printf' %q format specifier now uses $'...' quoting to print the
391 argument if it contains non-printing characters.
393 v. The `declare' and `typeset' builtins have a new `-t' option. When applied
394 to functions, it causes the DEBUG trap to be inherited by the named
395 function. Currently has no effect on variables.
397 w. The DEBUG trap is now run *before* simple commands, ((...)) commands,
398 [[...]] conditional commands, and for ((...)) loops.
400 x. The expansion of $LINENO inside a shell function is only relative to the
401 function start if the shell is interactive -- if the shell is running a
402 script, $LINENO expands to the line number in the script. This is as
405 y. The bash debugger in examples/bashdb has been modified to work with the
406 new DEBUG trap semantics, the command set has been made more gdb-like,
407 and the changes to $LINENO make debugging functions work better. Code
410 z. New [n]<&word- and [n]>&word- redirections from ksh93 -- move fds (dup
413 aa. There is a new `-l' invocation option, equivalent to `--login'.
415 bb. The `hash' builtin has a new `-l' option to list contents in a reusable
416 format, and a `-d' option to remove a name from the hash table.
418 4. New Features in Readline
420 a. Support for key `subsequences': allows, e.g., ESC and ESC-a to both
421 be bound to readline functions. Now the arrow keys may be used in vi
424 b. When listing completions, and the number of lines displayed is more than
425 the screen length, readline uses an internal pager to display the results.
426 This is controlled by the `page-completions' variable (default on).
428 c. New code to handle editing and displaying multibyte characters.
430 d. The behavior introduced in bash-2.05a of deciding whether or not to
431 append a slash to a completed name that is a symlink to a directory has
432 been made optional, controlled by the `mark-symlinked-directories'
433 variable (default is the 2.05a behavior).
435 e. The `insert-comment' command now acts as a toggle if given a numeric
436 argument: if the first characters on the line don't specify a
437 comment, insert one; if they do, delete the comment text
439 f. New application-settable completion variable:
440 rl_completion_mark_symlink_dirs, allows an application's completion
441 function to temporarily override the user's preference for appending
442 slashes to names which are symlinks to directories.
444 g. New function available to application completion functions:
445 rl_completion_mode, to tell how the completion function was invoked
446 and decide which argument to supply to rl_complete_internal (to list
449 h. Readline now has an overwrite mode, toggled by the `overwrite-mode'
450 bindable command, which could be bound to `Insert'.
452 i. New application-settable completion variable:
453 rl_completion_suppress_append, inhibits appending of
454 rl_completion_append_character to completed words.
456 j. New key bindings when reading an incremental search string: ^W yanks
457 the currently-matched word out of the current line into the search
458 string; ^Y yanks the rest of the current line into the search string,
459 DEL or ^H deletes characters from the search string.
461 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------
462 This document details the changes between this version, bash-2.05a-release,
463 and the previous version, bash-2.05a-rc1.
467 a. Fixed the `printf' builtin so that the variable name supplied as an
468 argument to a %n conversion must be a valid shell identifier.
470 b. Improved the random number generator slightly.
472 c. Changes to configuration to not put -I/usr/include into $CFLAGS, since
473 it messes up some includes.
475 d. Corrected description of POSIXLY_CORRECT in man page and info manual.
477 e. Fixed a couple of cases of incorrect function prototypes that sneaked
478 through and caused compilation problems.
480 f. A few changes to avoid potential core dumps in the programmable completion
483 g. Fixed a configure problem that could cause a non-existent file to show
486 h. Fixed a configure problem that could cause siglist.o to not be built when
489 i. Changes to the strtoimax and strtoumax replacement functions to work
490 around buggy compilers.
492 j. Fixed a problem with the snprintf replacement function that could
493 potentially cause a core dump.
495 2. Changes to Readline
497 a. Fixed a locale-specific problem in the vi-mode `goto mark' command.
499 b. Fixed Makefile to not put -I/usr/include into CFLAGS, since it can cause
500 include file problems.
502 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------
503 This document details the changes between this version, bash-2.05a-rc1,
504 and the previous version, bash-2.05a-beta1.
508 a. Fixed the snprintf replacement to correctly implement the `alternate form'
509 of the %g and %G conversions.
511 b. Fixed snprintf to correctly handle the optional precision with the %g and
514 c. Fixed the arithmetic evaluation code to correct the values of `@' and `_'
515 when translating base-64 constants (they were backwards).
517 d. New library functions for formatting long and long long ints.
519 e. Fixed a few places where negative array subscripts could have occurred,
520 mostly as the result of systems using signed characters.
522 f. Fixed a few places that assumed a pid_t was no wider than an int.
524 g. Fixed the `maildir' mail checking code to work on systems where a
525 `struct stat' doesn't include an `st_blocks' member.
527 h. Fixed snprintf to make `unsigned long long' conversion formats (%llu)
530 i. Fixed snprintf to not print a sign when asked to do an unsigned conversion.
532 j. Made configure changes to avoid compiling empty source files in lib/sh.
534 k. New replacement functions (if necessary) for strtoull, strtoll, strtoimax,
537 l. The `printf' builtin now handles the `ll' and `j' length modifiers
538 directly, since they can affect the type and width of the argument
541 m. Renamed a number of the bash-specific autoconf macros in aclocal.m4 to
542 have more sytematic naming, with accompanying changes to configure.in.
544 n. Fixed snprintf to handle long doubles and the %a/%A conversions by
545 falling back to sprintf, as long as sprintf supports them.
547 o. Fixed return value from vsnprintf/snprintf to be the number of characters
548 that would have been printed, even if that number exceeds the buffer
549 size passed as an argument.
551 p. Bash no longer attempts to define its own versions of some ctype macros
552 if they are implemented as functions in libc but not as macros in
555 q. Changed the variable printing code (used by `set', `export', etc.) to
556 not use the $'...' syntax when in posix mode, since that caused
557 interoperability problems with other shells (most notably with autoconf).
558 When not in posix mode, it uses $'...' if the string to be printed
559 contains non-printing characters and regular single quotes otherwise.
561 r. snprintf now recognizes the %F conversion.
563 s. Fixed a bug that could cause the wrong status to be returned by a shell
564 function when the shell is compiled without job control and a null
565 command containing a command substutition was executed in the function.
567 t. When in posix mode, the default value for MAILCHECK is 600.
569 u. Bash only initializes FUNCNAME, GROUPS, and DIRSTACK as special variables
570 if they're not in the initial environment.
572 v. If SECONDS appears in the initial environment with a valid integer value,
573 bash uses that as the starting value, as if an assignment had been
576 w. Bash no longer auto-exports HOME, PATH, SHELL, or TERM, even though it
577 gives them default values if they don't appear in the initial environment.
579 x. Bash no longer auto-exports HOSTNAME, HOSTTYPE, MACHTYPE, or OSTYPE,
580 even if it assigns them default values.
582 y. Bash no longer removes the export attribute from SSH_CLIENT or SSH2_CLIENT
583 if they appear in the initial environment.
585 z. Bash no longer attempts to discover if it's being run by sshd in order to
586 run the startup files. If the SSH_SOURCE_BASHRC is uncommented in
587 config-top.h it will attempt to do so as previously, but that's commented
588 out in the distributed version.
590 aa. Fixed a typo in the code that tests for LC_NUMERIC.
592 bb. The POSIXLY_CORRECT shell variable and its effects are now documented.
594 cc. Some changes to several of the support shell scripts included in the
595 definitions to try to avoid race conditions and attacks.
597 dd. Several changes to avoid warnings from `gcc -Wall'.
599 ee. Fixed a problem with the `unset' builtin that could cause incorrect
600 results if asked to unset a variable and an array subscript in the
603 ff. A few changes to the shell's temporary file creation code to avoid
604 potential file descriptor leaks and to prefer the system's idea of
605 the temporary directory to use.
607 gg. Fixes to build with the C alloca in lib/malloc/alloca.c if the system
608 requires it but the shell has been configured --without-bash-malloc.
610 hh. Updated the documentation to note that only interactive shells resend
611 SIGHUP to all jobs before exiting.
613 ii. Fixes to only pass unquoted tilde words to tilde_expand, rather than
614 rely on tilde_expand or getpwnam(3) to handle the quotes (MacOS 10.x
615 will remove backslashes in any login name passed to getpwnam(3)).
617 jj. Small change from Paul Eggert to make LINENO right in commands run with
620 2. New Features in Bash
622 a. The `printf' builtin now handles the %a and %A conversions if they're
623 implemented by printf(3).
625 b. The `printf' builtin now handles the %F conversion (just about like %f).
627 c. The `printf' builtin now handles the %n conversion like printf(3). The
628 corresponding argument is the name of a shell variable to which the
631 3. Changes to Readline
633 a. Fixed a few places where negative array subscripts could have occurred.
635 b. Fixed the vi-mode code to use a better method to determine the bounds of
636 the array used to hold the marks.
638 c. Fixed the defines in chardefs.h to work better when chars are signed.
640 d. Fixed configure.in to use the new names for bash autoconf macros.
642 e. Readline no longer attempts to define its own versions of some ctype
643 macros if they are implemented as functions in libc but not as macros in
646 f. Fixed a problem where rl_backward could possibly set point to before
647 the beginning of the line.
649 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------
650 This document details the changes between this version, bash-2.05a-beta1,
651 and the previous version, bash-2.05a-alpha1.
655 a. Fixed a bug in the evalution of arithmetic `for' statements when the
656 expanded expression is NULL.
658 b. Fixed an unassigned variable problem in the redirection printing code.
660 c. Added more prototypes to extern function declarations in the header
661 files and to static function declarations in C source files.
663 d. Make sure called functions have a prototype in scope, to get the arguments
664 and return values right instead of casting. Removed extern function
665 declarations from C source files that were already included in header
668 e. Changed some function arguments to use function typedefs in general.h so
669 the prototypes can be checked. The only use of Function and VFunction
670 now is for unwind-protects.
672 f. More const changes to function arguments and appropriate variables.
674 g. Changed the mail checking support to handle `maildir'-style mail
677 h. Augmented the bash malloc to pass in the file and line number information
678 for each malloc, realloc, and free. This should result in better error
681 i. The `old' gnu malloc is no longer a configuration option.
683 j. Augmented the bash malloc with optional tracing and registering allocated
686 k. Prompt string decoding now saves and restores the value of $? when it
687 expands the prompt string, so command substitutions don't change $?.
689 i. Array indices are now `long', since shell arithmetic is performed as long,
690 and the internal arrayind_t type is used consistently.
692 j. Some more `unsigned char *' fixes from Paul Eggert.
694 k. Fixed a bad call to builtin_error that could cause core dumps when making
697 l. `return' may no longer be used to terminate a `select' command, for
698 compatibility with ksh.
700 m. Changed code that reads octal numbers to do a better job of detecting
703 n. The time formatting code no longer uses absolute indices into a buffer,
704 because the buffer size changes depending on the size of a `time_t'.
706 o. `umask' now prints four digits when printing in octal mode, for
707 compatibility with other shells.
709 p. Lots of changes to the `printf' builtin from Paul Eggert: it handles `L'
710 formats and long doubles better, and internal functions have been
711 simpified where appropriate.
713 q. Some `time_t' fixes for machines were a time_t is bigger than a long.
715 r. Replaced some bash-specific autoconf macros with standard equivalents.
717 s. Improvmed the code that constructs temporary filenames to make the
718 generated names a bit more random.
720 t. Added code that checks for ascii before calling any of the is* ctype
723 u. Changed some places where a `char' was used as an array subscript to use
724 `unsigned char', since a `char' can be negative if it's signed by default.
726 v. Lots of changes to the `ulimit' builtin from Paul Eggert to add support
727 for the new POSIX-200x RLIM_SAVED_CUR and RLIM_SAVED_MAX values and
730 w. `ulimit' now prints the description of a resource in any error message
731 relating to fetching or setting that resource's limits.
733 x. The `snprintf' replacement now computes maximum values at compile
734 time rather than using huge constants for things like long long.
736 y. Interactive shells now ignore `set -n'.
738 z. Changed the malloc bookkeeping information so that it's now 8 bytes
739 instead of 12 on most 32-bit machines (saving 4 bytes per allocation),
740 restoring 8-byte alignment.
742 aa. The malloc error reporting code now attempts to print the file and line
743 number of the call that caused the error.
745 bb. Changed the redirection error reporting code to catch EBADF errors and
746 report the file descriptor number rather than the file being redirected
747 to or from (e.g., things like `exec 4242<x' where 4242 is an out-of-range
750 cc. `printf', `echo -e', and the $'...' code now process only two hex digits
751 after a `\x' escape sequence for compatibility with other shells, and
752 the documentation was changed to note that the octal and hex escape
753 sequences result in an eight-bit value rather than strict ASCII.
755 2. Changes to Readline
757 a. The completion code now attempts to do a better job of preserving the
758 case of the word the user typed if ignoring case in completions.
760 b. Readline defaults to not echoing the input and lets the terminal
761 initialization code enable echoing if there is a controlling terminal.
763 c. The key binding code now processes only two hex digits after a `\x'
764 escape sequence, and the documentation was changed to note that the
765 octal and hex escape sequences result in an eight-bit value rather
768 3. New Features in Bash
770 a. The builtin `ulimit' now takes two new non-numeric arguments: `hard',
771 meaning the current hard limit, and `soft', meaning the current soft
772 limit, in addition to `unlimited'
774 b. `ulimit' now prints the option letter associated with a particular
775 resource when printing more than one limit.
777 c. `ulimit' prints `hard' or `soft' when a value is not `unlimited' but is
778 one of RLIM_SAVED_MAX or RLIM_SAVED_CUR, respectively.
780 4. New Features in Readline
782 a. New bindable variable `history-preserve-point'. If set, the history
783 code attempts to place the user at the same location on each history
784 line retrived with previous-history or next-history.
786 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------
787 This document details the changes between this version, bash-2.05a-alpha1,
788 and the previous version, bash-2.05-release.
792 a. Better checks in the redirection code for write errors.
794 b. bashbug now uses $TMPDIR, defaulting to /tmp, and uses mktemp(1) more
797 c. System-specific configuration changes for: Interix, OpenBSD, FreeBSD,
800 d. Some more `const' cleanups through the code.
802 e. Fixed a typo in the /dev/fd redirection code, better checks for valid
803 numeric fds in /dev/fd.
805 f. Fixed many parts of the shell to handle integer overflow more gracefully
806 and to do more stringent checks for valid numbers.
808 g. Fixed mksignames to include config.h.
810 h. Fixed an uninitialized variable problem that could cause the shell to core
811 dump when replacing characters in a string.
813 i. New mechanism for updating the patch level when official patches are
814 released (patchlevel.h).
816 j. configure.in changed to no longer require external files _distribution and
819 k. Fixed non-interactive shell initialization problem when bash started as
822 l. Fixed printf builtin conversion error handling to be POSIX.2-conformant.
824 m. autoconf-2.52 is now used to build configure; autoconf-2.50 or newer is
825 required. Some of the bash-specific macros were removed, since they are
828 n. Startup files and files read with source or `.' are no longer required to
831 o. Fixed core dump in builtin printf when user-supplied precision or field
834 p. Fixed builtin printf to treat a negative field width as a positive field
835 width with left-justification.
837 r. New unwind-protect implementation from Paul Eggert.
839 s. Fixed an inadvertently-unclosed comment in the bash completion code that
840 caused programmable completions to not add trailing slashes or spaces to
843 t. Fixed the process substitution code to cope better when stdin is closed.
845 v. Fixes, mostly from Paul Eggert, for a few possible buffer overflows in
848 w. Fixes from Paul Eggert to avoid most of the type casts in the shell code,
849 and use more appropriate types for a number of variables.
851 x. Command substition no longer inherits the DEBUG trap.
853 y. Some fixes to the process substition code on machines without /dev/fd so
854 that named pipes are not removed inappropriately.
856 z. The loadable `getconf' builtin is now much more complete, and will become
857 part of the shell in the future.
859 aa. The select command no longer terminates on a `return', so it can be used
860 to return from an enclosing function (as ksh does it).
862 bb. Fixed the extended pattern matching code to behave better when presented
863 with incorrectly-formed patterns.
865 cc. Some changes were made with the intent of making cross-compilation easier.
867 dd. The network code (/dev/tcp and /dev/udp redirections) uses getaddrinfo(3)
868 if it's available, which adds support for IPv6.
870 ee. Subshells of login shells no longer source ~/.bash_logout when they exit.
872 ff. Fixes so that subshells don't exit inappropriately if the -e option has
875 gg. Restricted shells no longer allow functions to be exported.
877 hh. Changes to the pattern matching code so extended pattern matching works
878 on systems with deficient shared library implementations, like MacOS X.
880 ii. Better error messages when a script with a leading `#!interp' fails
881 to execute because of problems with `interp'.
883 jj. Fixed `compgen' to handle the `-o default' option better.
885 kk. Fixed the job control code to force an asynchronous process's standard
886 input to /dev/null only if job control is not active.
888 ll. Fixed a possible infinite recursion problem when `fc ""=abc' (a null
889 pattern) is used to re-execute a previous command.
891 mm. Fixed `declare [-a] var=value' to assign VALUE to element 0 if VAR is an
892 array variable. Similarly for `declare [-a] var[N]=value'. This is like
895 nn. Fixed a bug that caused `read -a aname' to work even if ANAME had been
898 oo. Fixed a possible integer overflow problem when constructing names for
901 2. New Features in Bash
903 a. Added support for DESTDIR installation root prefix, so you can do a
904 `make install DESTDIR=bash-root' and do easier binary packaging.
906 b. Added support for builtin printf "'" flag character as per latest POSIX
909 c. Support for POSIX.2 printf(1) length specifiers `j', `t', and `z' (from
912 d. New autoconf macro, RL_LIB_READLINE_VERSION, for use by other applications
913 (bash doesn't use very much of what it returns).
915 e. `set [-+]o nolog' is recognized as required by the latest POSIX drafts,
918 f. New read-only `shopt' option: login_shell. Set to non-zero value if the
919 shell is a login shell.
921 g. New `\A' prompt string escape sequence; expands to time in 24 HH:MM format.
923 h. New `-A group/-g' option to complete and compgen; does group name
926 i. New `-t' option to `hash' to list hash values for each filename argument.
928 j. New [-+]O invocation option to set and unset `shopt' options at startup.
930 k. configure's `--with-installed-readline' option now takes an optional
931 `=PATH' suffix to set the root of the tree where readline is installed
934 l. The ksh-like `ERR' trap has been added. The `ERR' trap will be run
935 whenever the shell would have exited if the -e option were enabled.
936 It is not inherited by shell functions.
938 m. `readonly', `export', and `declare' now print variables which have been
939 given attributes but not set by assigning a value as just a command and
940 a variable name (like `export foo') when listing, as the latest POSIX
943 n. `bashbug' now requires that the subject be changed from the default.
945 o. configure has a new `--enable-largefile' option, like other GNU utilities.
947 p. `for' loops now allow empty word lists after `in', like the latest POSIX
950 3. Changes to Readline
952 a. More `const' and type casting fixes.
954 b. Changed rl_message() to use vsnprintf(3) (if available) to fix buffer
957 c. The completion code no longer appends a `/' or ` ' to a match when
958 completing a symbolic link that resolves to a directory name, unless
959 the match does not add anything to the word being completed. This
960 means that a tab will complete the word up to the full name, but not
961 add anything, and a subsequent tab will add a slash.
963 d. Fixed a trivial typo that made the vi-mode `dT' command not work.
965 e. Fixed the tty code so that ^S and ^Q can be inserted with rl_quoted_insert.
967 f. Fixed the tty code so that ^V works more than once.
969 g. Changed the use of __P((...)) for function prototypes to PARAMS((...))
970 because the use of __P in typedefs conflicted g++ and glibc.
972 4. New Features in Readline
974 a. Added extern declaration for rl_get_termcap to readline.h, making it a
975 public function (it was always there, just not in readline.h).
977 b. New #defines in readline.h: RL_READLINE_VERSION, currently 0x0402,
978 RL_VERSION_MAJOR, currently 4, and RL_VERSION_MINOR, currently 2.
980 c. New readline variable: rl_readline_version, mirrors RL_READLINE_VERSION.
982 d. New bindable boolean readline variable: match-hidden-files. Controls
983 completion of files beginning with a `.' (on Unix). Enabled by default.
985 e. The history expansion code now allows any character to terminate a
986 `:first-' modifier, like csh.
988 f. The incremental search code remembers the last search string and uses
989 it if ^R^R is typed without a search string.
991 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------
992 This document details the changes between this version, bash-2.05-release,
993 and the previous version, bash-2.05-beta2.
997 a. Make sure we note that the first line of a multi-line command was not
998 saved in the history if the tests for HISTCONTROL succeed, but the
999 HISTIGNORE check fails.
1001 b. Fixed a bug in the pattern matching code that caused `[' to be treated
1002 as a special character inside a `[...]' bracket expression.
1004 c. Fixed a bug in the pattern matching code that caused `]' to terminate
1005 a bracket expression even if it was the first character after the `['
1006 (or a leading `!' or `^').
1008 d. Made a small change to report a more user-friendly error message if
1009 execve(2) fails because of an error with the interpreter in a script
1010 with a leading `#! interpreter'.
1012 e. If the OS does not support an exec(2) magic number of `#!', make sure we
1013 have a non-null interpreter name before attempting to execute it.
1015 f. Fixed a bug that caused the shell process to end up in a different
1016 process group than the controlling terminal if a job-control shell was
1017 run with `exec' in the startup files.
1019 g. When started in POSIX mode, either by `bash --posix', `bash -o posix', or
1020 `sh', $SHELLOPTS includes `posix' and POSIXLY_CORRECT is set.
1022 h. Fixed a problem that caused the `\W' prompt string escape sequence to
1023 expand to nothing when $PWD was `//'.
1025 i. The `bashbug' shell script no longer uses $(...) command substitution.
1027 j. When `set' is invoked without options in POSIX mode, it no longer prints
1028 the names and definitions of shell functions.
1030 2. Changes to Readline
1032 a. rl_set_paren_blink_timeout() is now documented.
1034 b. Corrected history.3 man page: `$' is not in the default value of
1035 history_word_delimiters.
1037 c. If a hook function assigned to rl_event_hook sets rl_done to a non-zero
1038 value, rl_read_key() now immediately returns '\n' (which is assumed to
1039 be bound to accept-line).
1041 3. New Features in Bash
1043 a. The `>&word' redirection now works in POSIX mode as it does by default,
1044 since POSIX.2 leaves it unspecified.
1046 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------
1047 This document details the changes between this version, bash-2.05-beta2,
1048 and the previous version, bash-2.05-beta1.
1052 a. Fixed a bug in the arithmetic evaluation code so that a^=b is supported.
1054 b. Fixed startup so posixly_correct is retained across subshells begun to
1055 execute scripts without a leading `#!'.
1057 c. Fixed a bug that caused $(< file) to not work in a (...) subshell.
1059 d. Added config support for Linux running on the IBM S390.
1061 e. Fixed a bug that caused bash to get its input pointer out of sync when
1062 reading commands through a pipe and running a command with standard
1063 input redirected from a file.
1065 f. Made a change so that command completion now makes about half as many
1066 stat(2) calls when searching the $PATH.
1068 g. Fixed a bug that caused variable assignments preceding `return' to not
1069 be propagated to the shell environment in POSIX mode.
1071 h. Fixed a bug with ${parameter[:]?word} -- tilde expansion was not performed
1074 i. In POSIX mode, `break' and `continue' do not complain and return success
1075 if called when the shell is not executing a loop.
1077 j. Fixed `bash -o posix' to work the same as `bash --posix'.
1079 k. Fixed a bug where variable assignments preceding `eval' or `source/.'
1080 would not show up in the environment exported to subshells run by the
1083 l. In POSIX mode, shells started to execute command substitutions inherit
1084 the value of the `-e' option from their parent shell.
1086 m. In POSIX mode, aliases are expanded even in non-interactive shells.
1088 n. Changed some of the job control messages to display the text required by
1089 POSIX.2 when the shell is in POSIX mode.
1091 o. Fixed a bug in `test' that caused it to occasionally return incorrect
1092 results when non-numeric arguments were supplied to `-t'.
1094 2. Changes to Readline
1096 a. Some changes were made to avoid gcc warnings with -Wall.
1098 b. rl_get_keymap_by_name now finds keymaps case-insensitively, so
1099 `set keymap EMACS' works.
1101 c. The history file writing and truncation functions now return a useful
1104 d. Fixed a bug that could cause applications to dereference a NULL pointer
1105 if a NULL second argument was passed to history_expand().
1107 3. New Features in Bash
1109 a. doc/readline.3 has been moved to the readline distribution.
1111 4. New Features in Readline
1113 a. New function, rl_get_screen_size (int *rows, int *columns), returns
1114 readline's idea of the screen dimensions.
1116 b. The timeout in rl_gather_tyi (readline keyboard input polling function)
1117 is now settable via a function (rl_set_keyboard_input_timeout()).
1119 c. Renamed the max_input_history variable to history_max_entries; the old
1120 variable is maintained for backwards compatibility.
1122 d. The list of characters that separate words for the history tokenizer is
1123 now settable with a variable: history_word_delimiters. The default
1126 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------
1127 This document details the changes between this version, bash-2.05-beta1,
1128 and the previous version, bash-2.05-alpha1.
1132 a. Changes to allow shared library and object building on the GNU Hurd.
1134 b. Fixes to the way exported functions are placed into the environment and
1137 c. The globbing library once again respects locales when processing ranges
1138 in bracket expressions while doing pattern matching.
1140 d. System-specific configuration changes for: Tru 64, Interix
1142 e. Bashbug now uses /usr/bin/editor as one of the editing alternatives, and
1143 will use mktemp(1) or tempfile(1), if present, for temporary file creation.
1145 f. Bash no longer performs a binary file check on a script argument that's
1146 really a tty (like /dev/fd/0 or /dev/stdin).
1148 g. Fixed a bug in the execution of shell scripts that caused the effects of
1149 $BASH_ENV to be undone in some cases.
1151 h. Fixed several bugs that made `bash [-i] /dev/stdin' not work correctly.
1153 i. Several changes to the job control code to avoid some signal state
1156 j. The Bash malloc no longer blocks signals as often, which should make it
1159 k. Fixed a parsing bug that did not allow backslash to escape a single quote
1160 inside a $'...' construct.
1162 l. Fixed a bug that caused things like ${var:=$'value'} to be parsed
1163 incorrectly. This showed up in newer versions of autoconf.
1165 m. Fixed a bug in the bash-specific readline initialization that caused
1166 key bindings to bash-specific function names appearing in .inputrc to
1169 n. Bash now sets the file descriptor it uses to save the file descriptor
1170 opened on a shell script to close on exec.
1172 o. Fixed a bug in the prompt string decoding that caused it to misbehave
1173 when presented an octal sequence of fewer than three characters.
1175 p. Fixed the `test' builtin to return an error if `[' is supplied a single
1176 argument that is not `]'.
1178 q. Fixed a bug that caused subshells started to run executable shell scripts
1179 without a leading `#!' to incorrectly inherit an argument list preceding
1180 a shell builtin (like such a script called from a script sourced with `.',
1181 where there were variable assignments preceding the `.' command)
1183 r. Fixed a bug that caused changes to variables supplied in an assignment
1184 statement preceding a shell builtin to not be honored (like a script
1187 s. HOSTTYPE, OSTYPE, and MACHTYPE are set only if they do not have values
1188 when the shell is started.
1190 t. Fixed a bug that caused SIGINT to kill shell scripts after the script
1193 u. The `fc' builtin now tries to create its temporary files in the directory
1196 v. Bash no longer calls any Readline functions or uses any Readline variables
1197 not declared in readline.h.
1199 w. Fixed a bug that caused some substitutions involving $@ to not be split
1200 correctly, especially expansions of the form ${paramterOPword}.
1202 x. SSH2_CLIENT is now treated like SSH_CLIENT and not auto-exported if it
1203 appears in the initial environment.
1205 y. Fixed a couple of problems with shell scripts without a leading `#!'
1206 being executed out of shell functions that could cause core dumps if
1207 such a script attempted to execute `return'.
1209 z. Fixed a problem with the `-nt' and `-ot' binary operators for the
1210 `test/[' builtin and the `[[' conditional command that caused wrong
1211 return values if one of the file arguments did not exist.
1213 aa. Fixed a bug that caused non-interactive shells which had previously
1214 executed `shopt -s expand_aliases' to fail to expand aliases in a
1215 command like `(command) &'.
1217 2. Changes to Readline
1219 a. Changes to make most (but not yet all -- there is still crlf()) of the
1220 exported readline functions declared in readline.h have an rl_ prefix.
1222 b. More `const' changes in function arguments, mostly for completion
1225 c. Fixed a bug in rl_forward that could cause the point to be set to before
1226 the beginning of the line in vi mode.
1228 d. Fixed a bug in the callback read-char interface to make it work when a
1229 readline function pushes some input onto the input stream with
1230 rl_execute_next (like the incremental search functions).
1232 e. Fixed a file descriptor leak in the history file manipulation code that
1233 was tripped when attempting to truncate a non-regular file (like
1236 f. Some existing variables are now documented and part of the public
1237 interface (declared in readline.h): rl_explict_arg, rl_numeric_arg,
1238 rl_editing_mode, rl_last_func.
1240 g. Renamed rltty_set_default_bindings to rl_tty_set_default_bindings and
1241 crlf to rl_crlf, so there are no public functions declared in readline.h
1242 without an `rl_' prefix. The old functions still exist for backwards
1245 3. New Features in Bash
1247 a. A new loadable builtin, realpath, which canonicalizes and expands symlinks
1248 in pathname arguments.
1250 b. When `set' is called without options, it prints function defintions in a
1251 way that allows them to be reused as input. This affects `declare' and
1252 `declare -p' as well.
1254 4. New Features in Readline
1256 a. New application-callable function rl_set_prompt(const char *prompt):
1257 expands its prompt string argument and sets rl_prompt to the result.
1259 b. New application-callable function rl_set_screen_size(int rows, int cols):
1260 public method for applications to set readline's idea of the screen
1263 c. The history example program (examples/histexamp.c) is now built as one
1266 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------
1267 This document details the changes between this version, bash-2.05-alpha1,
1268 and the previous version, bash-2.04-release.
1272 a. A fix was made to allow newlines in compond array assignments.
1274 b. configure now checks for real-time signals with unusable values.
1276 c. Interactive shells no longer exit if a substitution fails because of an
1277 unset variable within a sourced file.
1279 d. Fixed a problem with incorrect matching of extended glob patterns when
1280 doing pattern substitution.
1282 e. `{' is now quoted by the completion code when it appears in a filename.
1284 f. Fixed an error in pattern matching that caused the matcher to not
1285 correctly skip the rest of a bracket expression after a character
1288 g. Fixed a bug in the IFS word splitting code to make a non-whitespace IFS
1289 character preceded by IFS whitespace part of the current delimiter rather
1290 than generating a separate field.
1292 h. The {!prefix@} expansion now generates separate words, analogous to $@,
1295 i. Command substitution now ignores NUL bytes in the command output, and the
1296 parser ignores them on input.
1298 j. A fix was made to the job control code to prevent hanging processes when
1299 the shell thinks background processes are running but the kernel returns
1300 -1/ECHILD from waitpid().
1302 k. `pwd' now prints an error message if the write fails when displaying the
1305 l. When in POSIX mode, the shell prints trap dispostions without a leading
1306 `SIG' in the signal specification.
1308 m. Fixed a parser bug that caused the current command's line count to be
1309 messed up by a compound array assignment.
1311 n. Fixed a bug in the unwind-protect code that caused bad behavior on machines
1312 where ints and pointers are not the same size.
1314 o. System-specific configure changes for: MacOS X.
1316 p. Changes for Cygwin to translate \r\n and \r to \n and to set file
1317 descriptors used for reading input to text mode in various places.
1319 q. Fixed a bug that caused `!' to occasionally not be honored when in
1322 r. Bash no longer assumes that getcwd() will return any useful error message
1323 in the buffer passed as an argument if the call fails.
1325 s. The `source', `.', and `fc' builtins no longer check whether a file is
1326 binary before reading commands from it.
1328 t. Subshells no longer turn off job control when they exit, since that
1329 sometimes resulted in the terminal being reset to the wrong process
1332 u. The history code no longer tries to save the second and subsequent lines
1333 of a multi-line command if the first line was not saved.
1335 v. The history saving code now does a better job of saving blank lines in a
1338 w. Removed a `feature' that made `ulimit' silently translate `unlimited' to
1339 the current hard limit, which obscured some kernel error returns.
1341 x. Fixed the grammar so that `}' is recognized as a reserved word after
1342 another reserved word, rather than requiring a `;' or newline. This
1343 means that constructs like
1345 { { echo a b c ; } }
1349 y. Conditional commands ([[...]]) now perform tilde expansion on their
1352 z. Noted in the documentation that `set -a' will cause functions to be
1353 exported if they are defined after `set -a' is executed.
1355 aa. When an interactive login shell starts, if $PWD and $HOME refer to the
1356 same directory but are not the same string, $PWD is set to $HOME.
1358 bb. Fixed `printf' to handle invalid floating point numbers better.
1360 cc. Temporary files are now created with random filenames, to improve security.
1362 dd. The readline initialization code now binds the custom bash functions and
1363 key bindings after the readline defaults are set up.
1365 ee. Fixed the `source' builtin to no longer overwrite a shell function's
1366 argument list, even if the sourced file changes the positional parameters.
1368 ff. A bug fix was made in the expansion of `$*' in contexts where it should
1369 not be split, like assignment statements.
1371 gg. Fixed a bug in the parameter substring expansion to handle conditional
1372 arithmetic expressions ( exp ? val1 : val2 ) without cutting the expression
1373 off at the wrong `:'.
1375 hh. The `<>' redirection is no longer subject to the current setting of
1376 `noclobber', as POSIX.2 specifies.
1378 ii. Fixed a bug in the conditional command parsing code that caused expressions
1379 in parentheses to occasionally be parsed incorrectly.
1381 jj. Fixed a bug in the ((...)) arithmetic command to allow do...done or
1382 {...} to follow the )) without an intervening list terminator.
1384 kk. `printf' now treats `\E' the same as `\e' when performing backslash escape
1385 expansion for the `%b' format specifier.
1387 ll. When in POSIX mode, the shell no longer searches the current directory for
1388 a file to be sourced with `.' or `source' if `.' is not in $PATH.
1390 mm. Interactive comments are no longer turned off when POSIX mode is disabled.
1392 nn. The UID, EUID, HOSTNAME variables are not set if they are in the shell's
1393 environment when it starts up.
1395 oo. Fixed a bug in the `command' builtin so the effect of a command like
1396 `command exec 4<file' is as if the `command' had been omitted.
1398 pp. ${foo[@]} and ${foo[*]} now work as in ksh93 if `foo' is not an array
1401 qq. ${#foo[X]}, where X is 0, @, or *, now work as in ksh93 if `foo' is not
1404 rr. The shell's idea of an absolute pathname now takes into account a
1405 possible drive specification on Cygwin and other Windows systems.
1407 ss. Fixed a bug which caused incorrect parsing of some multi-character
1408 constructs if they were split across input lines with backslash-newline
1411 tt. Fixed a bug that caused restricted shell mode to be set inappropriately
1412 when trying to execute a shell script without a leading `#!'.
1414 uu. Shell function definitions no longer require that the body be a group
1415 command ( {...} ), as POSIX.2 requires.
1417 vv. The `cd' and `pwd' builtins now process symlinks in pathnames internally
1418 and should require many fewer calls to getcwd().
1420 ww. Fixed a bug that caused a pipeline's process group to be set incorrectly
1421 if one of the pipeline elements contained a command substitution.
1423 xx. Fixed a bug that caused core dumps when expanding the value of HISTIGNORE.
1425 yy. The output of `set' is now quoted using $'...' so invisible characters are
1426 displayed as escape sequences.
1428 zz. Fixed the help text for `unset', since PATH and IFS may both be unset.
1430 aaa. The shell no longer puts directory names into the command hash table.
1432 bbb. Fixed a bug in `read' that caused it to occasionally free memory twice if
1433 it was interrupted after reading a large amount of data.
1435 ccc. Assignment statements that attempt to assign values to readonly variables
1436 now cause the command to return an error status.
1438 ddd. Fixed a bug that could cause incorrect output if a $(<file) construct was
1441 eee. GROUPS and FUNCNAME now return an error status when assignment is
1442 attempted, but may be unset (in which case they lose their special
1443 properties). In all respects except unsetting, they are readonly.
1445 fff. The string-to-integer conversion code now ignores trailing whitespace in
1446 the string, even if strtol(3) does not.
1448 ggg. The tcsh magic-space function now does a better job of inserting the
1449 space close to where the point was before the history expansion, rather
1450 than just appending it.
1452 hhh. Fixed a bug which caused a file sourced from an interactive shell to
1453 fill up the jobs table if it ran lots of jobs.
1455 iii. Fixed a bug in the parameter pattern substitution code to avoid infinite
1456 recursion on zero-length matches.
1458 2. Changes to Readline
1460 a. When setting the terminal attributes on systems using `struct termio',
1461 readline waits for output to drain before changing the attributes.
1463 b. A fix was made to the history word tokenization code to avoid attempts to
1464 dereference a null pointer.
1466 c. Readline now defaults rl_terminal_name to $TERM if the calling application
1467 has left it unset, and tries to initialize with the resultant value.
1469 d. Instead of calling (*rl_getc_function)() directly to get input in certain
1470 places, readline now calls rl_read_key() consistently.
1472 e. Fixed a bug in the completion code that allowed a backslash to quote a
1473 single quote inside a single-quoted string.
1475 f. rl_prompt is no longer assigned directly from the argument to readline(),
1476 but uses memory allocated by readline. This allows constant strings to
1477 be passed to readline without problems arising when the prompt processing
1478 code wants to modify the string.
1480 g. Fixed a bug that caused non-interactive history searches to return the
1481 wrong line when performing multiple searches backward for the same string.
1483 h. Many variables, function arguments, and function return values are now
1484 declared `const' where appropriate, to improve behavior when linking with
1487 i. The control character detection code now works better on systems where
1488 `char' is unsigned by default.
1490 j. The vi-mode numeric argument is now capped at 999999, just like emacs mode.
1492 k. The Function, CPFunction, CPPFunction, and VFunction typedefs have been
1493 replaced with a set of specific prototyped typedefs, though they are
1494 still in the readline header files for backwards compatibility.
1496 m. Nearly all of the (undocumented) internal global variables in the library
1497 now have an _rl_ prefix -- there were a number that did not, like
1498 screenheight, screenwidth, alphabetic, etc.
1500 n. The ding() convenience function has been renamed to rl_ding(), though the
1501 old function is still defined for backwards compatibility.
1503 o. The completion convenience functions filename_completion_function,
1504 username_completion_function, and completion_matches now have an rl_
1505 prefix, though the old names are still defined for backwards compatibility.
1507 p. The functions shared by readline and bash (linkage is satisfied from bash
1508 when compiling with bash, and internally otherwise) now have an sh_ prefix.
1510 q. Changed the shared library creation procedure on Linux and BSD/OS 4.x so
1511 that the `soname' contains only the major version number rather than the
1512 major and minor numbers.
1514 r. Fixed a redisplay bug that occurred when the prompt spanned more than one
1515 physical line and contained invisible characters.
1517 3. New Features in Bash
1519 a. Added a new `--init-file' invocation argument as a synonym for `--rcfile',
1520 per the new GNU coding standards.
1522 b. The /dev/tcp and /dev/udp redirections now accept service names as well as
1525 c. `complete' and `compgen' now take a `-o value' option, which controls some
1526 of the aspects of that compspec. Valid values are:
1528 default - perform bash default completion if programmable
1529 completion produces no matches
1530 dirnames - perform directory name completion if programmable
1531 completion produces no matches
1532 filenames - tell readline that the compspec produces filenames,
1533 so it can do things like append slashes to
1534 directory names and suppress trailing spaces
1536 4. New Features in Readline
1538 a. The blink timeout for paren matching is now settable by applications.
1540 b. _rl_executing_macro has been renamed to rl_executing_macro, which means
1541 it's now part of the public interface.
1543 c. Readline has a new variable, rl_readline_state, which is a bitmap that
1544 encapsulates the current state of the library; intended for use by
1545 callbacks and hook functions.
1547 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------
1548 This document details the changes between this version, bash-2.04-release,
1549 and the previous version, bash-2.04-beta5.
1553 a. Better compile-time and configure-time checks for the necessity of
1556 b. A bug was fixed in the expansion of "${@:-}" when there are positional
1559 c. A typo was fixed in the output of `complete'.
1561 d. The matches generated for a word by the `-W' argument to complete and
1562 compgen are now matched against the word being completed, and only
1563 matches are returned as the result.
1565 e. Some fixes were made for systems which do not restart read(2) when a
1566 signal caught by bash is received.
1568 f. A bug was fixed which caused the umask to be set to 0 when an invalid
1569 symbolic mode mask was parsed.
1571 g. Fixed a bug that could cause a core dump if a SIGCHLD was received while
1572 performing an assignment statement using command substitution.
1574 h. Changed the word splitting function for programmable completion so cases
1575 in which the cursor is between words are handled a bit better.
1577 2. Changes to Readline
1579 a. rl_funmap_names() is now documented.
1581 3. New Features in Bash
1583 a. The LC_NUMERIC variable is now treated specially, and used to set the
1584 LC_NUMERIC locale category for number formatting, e.g., when `printf'
1585 displays floating-point numbers.
1587 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------
1588 This document details the changes between this version, bash-2.04-beta5,
1589 and the previous version, bash-2.04-beta4.
1593 a. A couple of changes were made to the Makefiles for easier building on
1596 b. Fixed a bug where the current prompt would be set to $PS2 at startup.
1598 c. The shell script that tests an already-installed version was changed to
1599 remove the directory it created its test programs in at exit.
1601 d. Several changes were made to the code that tokenizes an input line for
1602 the programmable completion code. Shell metacharacters will now appear
1603 as individual words in the word list passed to the completion functions.
1604 Some of the example completion shell functions were changed to understand
1605 redirection operators.
1607 e. A bug was fixed that, under obscure circumstances, could confuse the
1608 parser when a shell function was run by the programmable completion code.
1610 f. A bug was fixed in the ulimit builtin for systems not using getrlimit().
1612 g. The execution code now propagates the correct exit status back to the rest
1613 of the code if the return value of a subshell command was being inverted.
1614 Some new test cases for inverting return values with the `!' reserved
1615 word have been added.
1617 h. Negative exponents in the arithmetic evaluation of v**e now return an
1620 i. A bug that caused bash to check the wrong process in a pipeline for
1621 abnormal termination (and consequently resetting the terminal attributes)
1624 j. Fixed a bug that caused $PS2 to be displayed after PROMPT_COMMAND was
1627 2. Changes to Readline
1629 1. Fixed a bug in a C preprocessor define that caused the keypad control
1630 functions to be compiled out for all platforms except DJGPP.
1632 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------
1633 This document details the changes between this version, bash-2.04-beta4,
1634 and the previous version, bash-2.04-beta3.
1638 a. A couple of changes were made to the redirection to attempt to avoid
1639 race conditions and malicious file replacement.
1641 2. A change was made to the string evaluation code (used for command
1642 substitution, `eval', and the `.' builtin) to fix an obscure core
1643 dump on alpha machines.
1645 3. A bug that caused $LINENO to be wrong when executing arithmetic for
1648 4. A couple of memory leaks in the programmable completion code were fixed.
1650 5. A bug that could cause a core dump by freeing memory twice during a call
1651 to `eval' if `set -u' had been enabled and an undefined variable was
1652 referenced was fixed.
1654 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------
1655 This document details the changes between this version, bash-2.04-beta3,
1656 and the previous version, bash-2.04-beta2.
1660 a. Bash should run the appropriate startup files when invoked by ssh2.
1662 b. Fixed a bug in the parsing of conditional commands that could cause a
1665 c. Fixed a bug in parsing job specifications that occasionally caused
1666 core dumps when an out-of-range job was referenced.
1668 d. Fixed the `type' and `command' builtins to do better reporting of
1669 commands that are not found in $PATH or the hash table.
1671 e. Fixed a POSIX.2 compliance problem in the command builtin -- commands
1672 are supposed to be reported as full pathnames.
1674 f. The `echo' builtin now returns failure if a write error occurs.
1676 g. Fixed a bug which caused the locale to not be reset correctly when
1679 h. Changed description of `getopts' in man page and reference manual to make
1680 it clear that option characters may be characters other than letters.
1682 i. If the shell exits while in a function, make sure that any trap on EXIT
1683 doesn't think the function is still executing.
1685 j. Bashbug now tries harder to find a usable editor if $EDITOR is not set,
1686 rather than simply defaulting to `emacs'.
1688 k. Changes to the scripts that guess and canonicalize the system type, from
1689 the latest `automake' distribution via Debian.
1691 l. When using named pipes for process substitution, make sure the file
1692 descriptors opened for reading are set to non-blocking mode.
1694 m. Fixed a bug that caused termination of pipelines that are killed by a
1695 signal to not be reported in some cases.
1697 n. When not in literal-history mode, shell comment lines are not added to
1700 o. When running in POSIX.2 mode, bash no longer performs word splitting on
1701 the expanded value of the word supplied as the filename argument to
1702 redirection operators.
1704 p. The prompt string decoding code now backslash-quotes only characters that
1705 are special within double quotes when expanding the \w and \W escape
1708 q. Fixed a bug in the prompt decoding code that could cause a non-interactive
1709 shell to seg fault if `\u' was used in PS4 and the shell was in xtrace
1712 r. Fixed a bug that caused function definitions to be printed with any
1713 redirections that should be attached to the entire function before the
1716 s. Changed the tilde expansion code for Cygwin systems to avoid creating
1717 pathnames beginning with `//' if $HOME == `/'.
1719 t. Fixed a couple of autoconf tests to avoid creating files with fixed names
1722 u. The `trap' and `kill' builtins now know the names of the POSIX.1b real-
1723 time signals on systems which support them.
1725 2. Changes to Readline
1727 a. Fixed a problem with the single-quote quoting function that could cause
1730 b. Fixed a bug that caused incorrect `stat characters' to be printed if
1731 the files being completed were in the root directory and visible-stats
1734 3. New Features in Bash
1736 a. There is a new `rbash.1' manual page, from the Debian release.
1738 b. The `--enable-usg-echo-default' option to `configure' has been renamed to
1739 `--enable-xpg-echo-default'. The old option is still there for backwards
1742 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------
1743 This document details the changes between this version, bash-2.04-beta2,
1744 and the previous version, bash-2.04-beta1.
1748 a. Fixed a bug that could cause pipes to be closed inappropriately in
1751 b. Fixed a bug that caused creation of the exported environment to clobber
1752 the current command string if there were any exported shell functions.
1754 c. Some changes were made to reduce bash's memory usage.
1756 d. Fixed a problem with programmable completion and filenames to be
1757 completed containing quote characters.
1759 e. Changed the code the removes named pipes created for the <(...) and >(...)
1760 expansions to defer removal until after any current shell function has
1763 f. Fixed a bug in `select' which caused it to not handle the `continue'
1766 g. Autoconf tests added for cygwin32 and mingw32.
1768 2. New Features in Bash
1770 a. The `--with-bash-malloc' configure option replaces `--with-gnu-malloc'
1771 (which is still there for backwards compatibility).
1773 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------
1774 This document details the changes between this version, bash-2.04-beta1,
1775 and the previous version, bash-2.04-alpha1.
1779 a. Fixed a bug in the programmable completion code that occurred when
1780 trying to complete command lines containing a `;' or `@'.
1782 b. The file descriptor from which the shell is reading a script is now
1783 moved to a file descriptor above the user-addressible range.
1785 c. Changes to `printf' so that it can handle integers beginning with 0
1786 or 0x as octal and hex, respectively.
1788 d. Fixes to the programmable completion code so it handles nonsense like
1789 `compgen -C xyz' gracefully.
1791 e. The shell no longer modifies the signal handler for SIGPROF, allowing
1792 profiling again on certain systems.
1794 f. The shell checks for a new window size, if the user has requested it,
1795 after a process exits due to a signal.
1797 g. Fixed a bug with variables with null values in a program's temporary
1798 environment and the bash getenv() replacement.
1800 h. `declare' and the other builtins that take variable assignments as
1801 arguments now honor `set -a' and mark modified variables for export.
1803 i. Some changes were made for --dump-po-strings mode when writing strings
1804 with embedded newlines.
1806 j. The code that caches export strings from the initial environment now
1807 duplicates the string rather than just pointing into the environment.
1809 k. The filename completion quoting code now uses single quotes by default
1810 if the filename being completed contains newlines, since \<newline>
1811 has a special meaning to the parser.
1813 l. Bash now uses typedefs bits32_t and u_bits32_t instead of int32_t and
1814 u_int32_t, respectively to avoid conflicts on certain Unix versions.
1816 m. Configuration changes were made for: Rhapsody, Mac OS, FreeBSD-3.x.
1818 n. Fixed a problem with hostname-to-ip-address translation in the
1819 /dev/(tcp|udp)/hostname/port redirection code.
1821 o. The texinfo manual has been reorganized slightly.
1823 p. Filename generation (globbing) range comparisons in bracket expressions
1824 no longer use strcoll(3) even if it is available, since it has unwanted
1825 effects in certain locales.
1827 q. Fixed a cosmetic problem in the source that caused the shell to not
1828 compile if DPAREN_ARITHMETIC was not defined but ARITH_FOR_COMMAND was.
1830 r. Fixed a bug in the here-document code tripped when the file descriptor
1831 opened to the file containing the text of the here document was the
1832 same as a redirector specified by the user.
1834 s. Fixed a bug where the INVERT_RETURN flag was not being set for `pipeline'
1835 in `time ! pipeline'.
1837 t. Fixed a bug with the `wait' builtin which manifested itself when an
1838 interrupt was received while the shell was waiting for asynchronous
1839 processes in a shell script.
1841 u. Fixed the DEBUG trap code so that it has the correct value of $?.
1843 v. Fixed a bug in the parameter pattern substitution code that could cause
1844 the shell to attempt to free unallocated memory if the pattern started
1845 with `/' and an expansion error occurs.
1847 w. Fixed a bug in the positional parameter substring code that could
1848 cause the shell to loop freeing freed memory.
1850 x. Fixed a bug in the positional parameter pattern substitution code so
1851 that it correctly handles null replacement strings with a pattern
1852 string prefixed with `%' or `#'.
1854 y. The shell no longer attempts to import functions from the environment if
1857 z. Fixed a bug that caused `return' in a command substitution executed in
1858 a shell function to return from the function in a subshell and continue
1861 aa. `hash -p /pathname/with/slashes name' is no longer allowed when the shell
1864 bb. The wait* job control functions now behave better if called when there
1865 are no unwaited-for children.
1867 cc. Command substitution no longer unconditionally disables job control in
1868 the subshell started to run the command.
1870 dd. A bug was fixed that occasionally caused traps to mess up the parser
1873 ee. `bashbug' now honors user headers in the mail message it sends.
1875 ff. A bug was fixed that caused the `:p' history modifier to not print the
1876 history expansion if the `histverify' option was set.
1878 2. Changes to Readline
1880 a. Fixed a bug in the redisplay code for lines with more than 256 line
1883 b. A bug was fixed which caused invisible character markers to not be
1884 stripped from the prompt string if the terminal was in no-echo mode.
1886 c. Readline no longer tries to get the variables it needs for redisplay
1887 from the termcap entry if the calling application has specified its
1888 own redisplay function. Readline treats the terminal as `dumb' in
1891 d. Fixes to the SIGWINCH code so that a multiple-line prompt with escape
1892 sequences is redrawn correctly.
1894 3. New Features in Bash
1896 a. `bashbug' now accepts `--help' and `--version' options.
1898 b. There is a new `xpg_echo' option to `shopt' that controls the behavior
1899 of echo with respect to backslash-escaped characters at runtime.
1901 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------
1902 This document details the changes between this version, bash-2.04-alpha1,
1903 and the previous version, bash-2.04-devel.
1907 a. Fixed a bug that could cause core dumps when performing substring
1910 b. Shared object configuration changes for: Solaris, OSF/1
1912 c. The POSIX_GLOB_LIBRARY code that uses the POSIX.2 globbing facilities
1913 for pathname expansion now understands GLOBIGNORE.
1915 d. The code that implements `eval' was changed to save the value of the
1916 current prompt, so an eval in a shell function called by the programmable
1917 completion code will not change the prompt to $PS2.
1919 e. Restored the undocumented NON_INTERACTIVE_LOGIN_SHELLS #define to
1920 config-top.h. If this is defined, all login shells will read the
1921 startup files, not just interactive and non-interactive started with
1922 the `--login' option.
1924 f. Fixed a bug that caused the expansion code to occasionally dump core if
1925 IFS contained characters > 128.
1927 g. Fixed a problem with the grammar so that a newline is not required
1928 after the `))' in the new-style arithmetic for statement; a semicolon
1929 may be used as expected.
1931 h. Variable indirection may now reference the shell's special variables.
1933 i. The $'...' and $"..." constructs are now added to the history correctly
1934 if they contain newlines and command-oriented history is enabled.
1936 j. It is now an error to try to assign a value to a function-local copy
1937 of a readonly shell variable (declared with the `local' builtin).
1939 2. Changes to Readline
1941 a. The history file code now uses O_BINARY mode when reading and writing
1942 the history file on cygwin32.
1944 3. New Features in Bash
1946 a. A new programmable completion facility, with two new builtin commands:
1947 complete and compgen.
1949 b. configure has a new option, `--enable-progcomp', to compile in the
1950 programmable completion features (enabled by default).
1952 c. `shopt' has a new option, `progcomp', to enable and disable programmable
1953 completion at runtime.
1955 d. Unsetting HOSTFILE now clears the list of hostnames used for completion.
1957 4. New Features in Readline
1959 a. A new variable, rl_gnu_readline_p, always 1. The intent is that an
1960 application can verify whether or not it is linked with the `real'
1961 readline library or some substitute.
1963 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------
1964 This document details the changes between this version, bash-2.04-devel,
1965 and the previous version, bash-2.03-release.
1969 a. System-specific configuration and source changes for: Interix, Rhapsody
1971 b. Fixed a bug in execute_cmd.c that resulted in a compile-time error if
1972 JOB_CONTROL was not defined.
1974 c. An obscure race condition in the trap code was fixed.
1976 d. The string resulting from $'...' is now requoted to avoid any further
1979 e. The $'...' quoting syntax now allows backslash to escape a single quote,
1980 for ksh-93 compatibility.
1982 f. The $"..." quoting syntax now escapes backslashes and double quotes in
1983 the translated string when displaying them with the --dump-po-strings
1986 g. `echo -e' no longer converts \' to '.
1988 h. Fixes were made to the extended globbing code to handle embedded (...)
1991 i. Some improvements were made to the code that unsets `nodelay' mode on
1992 the file descriptor from which bash is reading input.
1994 j. Some changes were made to the replacement termcap library for better
1995 operation on MS-DOS.
1997 k. Some changes were made to the tilde expansion code to handle backslash
1998 as a pathname separator on MS-DOS.
2000 l. The source has been reorganized a little bit -- there is now an `include'
2001 subdirectory, and lib/posixheaders has been removed.
2003 m. Improvements were made to the `read' builtin so that it makes many
2004 fewer read(2) system calls.
2006 n. The expansion of $- will include `c' and `s' when those options are
2007 supplied at shell invocation.
2009 o. Several improvments were made to the completion code: variable completion
2010 now works better when there are unterminated expansions, command
2011 completion understands quotes better, and completion now works in certain
2012 unclosed $(... constructs.
2014 p. The arithmetic expansion code was fixed to not need the value of a
2015 variable being assigned a value (fixes the "ss=09; let ss=10" bug).
2017 q. Some changes were made to make exported environment creation faster.
2019 r. The html documentation will be installed into $(htmldir) if that variable
2020 has a value when `make install' is run.
2022 s. Fixed a bug that would cause the bashrc file to be sourced inappropriately
2023 when bash is started by sshd.
2025 t. The SSH_CLIENT environment variable is no longer auto-exported.
2027 u. A bug that caused redirections with (...) subshells to be performed in
2028 the wrong order was fixed.
2030 v. A bug that occasionally caused inappropriate expansion of assignment
2031 statements in compound array assignments was fixed.
2033 w. The code that parses the words in a compound array assignment was
2034 simplified considerably and should work better now.
2036 x. Fixes to the non-job-control code in nojobs.c to make it POSIX.2-compliant
2037 when a user attempts to retrieve the status of a terminated background
2040 y. Fixes to the `printf' builtin so that it doesn't try to expand all
2041 backslash escape sequences in the format string before parsing it for
2042 % format specifiers.
2044 2. Changes to Readline
2046 a. The history library tries to truncate the history file only if it is a
2049 b. A bug that caused _rl_dispatch to address negative array indices on
2050 systems with signed chars was fixed.
2052 c. rl-yank-nth-arg now leaves the history position the same as when it was
2055 d. Changes to the completion code to handle MS-DOS drive-letter:pathname
2058 e. Completion is now case-insensitive by default on MS-DOS.
2060 f. Fixes to the history file manipulation code for MS-DOS.
2062 g. Readline attempts to bind the arrow keys to appropriate defaults on MS-DOS.
2064 h. Some fixes were made to the redisplay code for better operation on MS-DOS.
2066 i. The quoted-insert code will now insert tty special chars like ^C.
2068 j. A bug was fixed that caused the display code to reference memory before
2069 the start of the prompt string.
2071 k. More support for __EMX__ (OS/2).
2073 l. A bug was fixed in readline's signal handling that could cause infinite
2074 recursion in signal handlers.
2076 m. A bug was fixed that caused the point to be less than zero when rl_forward
2077 was given a very large numeric argument.
2079 n. The vi-mode code now gets characters via the application-settable value
2080 of rl_getc_function rather than calling rl_getc directly.
2082 3. New Features in Bash
2084 a. The history builtin has a `-d offset' option to delete the history entry
2085 at position `offset'.
2087 b. The prompt expansion code has two new escape sequences: \j, the number of
2088 active jobs; and \l, the basename of the shell's tty device name.
2090 c. The `bind' builtin has a new `-x' option to bind key sequences to shell
2093 d. There is a new shell option, no_empty_command_completion, which, when
2094 enabled, disables command completion when TAB is typed on an empty line.
2096 e. The `help' builtin has a `-s' option to just print a builtin's usage
2099 f. There are several new arithmetic operators: id++, id-- (variable
2100 post-increment/decrement), ++id, --id (variabl pre-increment/decrement),
2101 expr1 , expr2 (comma operator).
2103 g. There is a new ksh-93 style arithmetic for command:
2104 for ((expr1 ; expr2; expr3 )); do list; done
2106 h. The `read' builtin has a number of new options:
2107 -t timeout only wait timeout seconds for input
2108 -n nchars only read nchars from input instead of a full line
2109 -d delim read until delim rather than newline
2110 -s don't echo input chars as they are read
2112 i. The redirection code now handles several filenames specially:
2113 /dev/fd/N, /dev/stdin, /dev/stdout, and /dev/stderr, whether or
2114 not they are present in the file system.
2116 j. The redirection code now recognizes pathnames of the form
2117 /dev/tcp/host/port and /dev/udp/host/port, and tries to open a socket
2118 of the appropriate type to the specified port on the specified host.
2120 k. The ksh-93 ${!prefix*} expansion, which expands to the names of all
2121 shell variables whose names start with prefix, has been implemented.
2123 l. There is a new dynamic variable, FUNCNAME, which expands to the name of
2124 a currently-executing function. Assignments to FUNCNAME have no effect.
2126 m. The GROUPS variable is no longer readonly; assignments to it are silently
2127 discarded. This means it can be unset.
2129 4. New Features in Readline
2131 a. Parentheses matching is now always compiled into readline, and enabled
2132 or disabled when the value of the `blink-matching-paren' variable is
2135 b. MS-DOS systems now use ~/_inputrc as the last-ditch inputrc filename.
2137 c. MS-DOS systems now use ~/_history as the default history file.
2139 d. history-search-{forward,backward} now leave the point at the end of the
2140 line when the string to search for is empty, like
2141 {reverse,forward}-search-history.
2143 e. history-search-{forward,backward} now leave the last history line found
2144 in the readline buffer if the second or subsequent search fails.
2146 f. New function for use by applications: rl_on_new_line_with_prompt, used
2147 when an application displays the prompt itself before calling readline().
2149 g. New variable for use by applications: rl_already_prompted. An application
2150 that displays the prompt itself before calling readline() must set this to
2153 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------
2154 This document details the changes between this version, bash-2.03-release,
2155 and the previous version, bash-2.03-beta2.
2159 a. A file descriptor leak in the `fc' builtin was fixed.
2161 b. A bug was fixed in the `read' builtin that caused occasional spurious
2162 failures when using `read -e'.
2164 c. The version code needed to use the value of the cpp variable
2165 CONF_MACHTYPE rather than MACHTYPE.
2167 d. A new test was added to exercise the command printing and copying code.
2169 e. A bug was fixed that caused `time' to be recognized as a reserved word
2170 if it was the first pattern in a `case' statement pattern list.
2172 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------
2173 This document details the changes between this version, bash-2.03-beta2,
2174 and the previous version, bash-2.03-beta1.
2178 a. Slight additions to support/shobj-conf, mostly for the benefit of AIX 4.2.
2180 b. config.{guess,sub} support added for the NEC SX4.
2182 c. Changed some of the cross-compiling sections of the configure macros in
2183 aclocal.m4 so that configure won't abort.
2185 d. Slight changes to how the HTML versions of the bash and readline manuals
2188 e. Fixed conditional command printing to avoid interpreting printf `%'-escapes
2191 f. Don't include the bash malloc on all variants of the alpha processor.
2193 g. Changes to configure to make --enable-profiling work on Solaris 2.x.
2195 h. Fixed a bug that manifested itself when shell functions were called
2196 between calls to `getopts'.
2198 i. Fixed pattern substitution so that a bare `#'as a pattern causes the
2199 replacement string to be prefixed to the search string, and a bare
2200 `%' causes the replacement string to be appended to the search string.
2202 j. Fixed a bug in the command execution code that caused child processes
2203 to occasionally have the wrong value for $!.
2205 2. Changes to Readline
2207 a. Added code to the history library to catch history substitutions using
2208 `&' without a previous history substitution or search having been
2211 3. New Features in Bash
2213 4. New Features in Readline
2215 a. New bindable variable: `isearch-terminators'.
2217 b. New bindable function: `forward-backward-delete-char' (unbound by default).
2219 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------
2220 This document details the changes between this version, bash-2.03-beta1,
2221 and the previous version, bash-2.03-alpha.
2225 a. A change was made to the help text for `{...}' to make it clear that a
2226 semicolon is required before the closing brace.
2228 b. A fix was made to the `test' builtin so that syntax errors cause test
2229 to return an exit status > 1.
2231 c. Globbing is no longer performed on assignment statements that appear as
2232 arguments to `assignment builtins' such as `export'.
2234 d. System-specific configuration changes were made for: Rhapsody,
2235 AIX 4.2/gcc, BSD/OS 4.0.
2237 e. New loadable builtins: ln, unlink.
2239 f. Some fixes were made to the globbing code to handle extended glob patterns
2240 which immediately follow a `*'.
2242 g. A fix was made to the command printing code to ensure that redirections
2243 following compound commands have a space separating them from the rest
2246 h. The pathname canonicalization code was changed to produce fewer leading
2247 `//' sequences, since those are interpreted as network file system
2248 pathnames on some systems.
2250 i. A fix was made so that loops containing `eval' commands in commands passed
2251 to `bash -c' would not exit prematurely.
2253 j. Some changes were made to the job reaping code when the shell is not
2254 interactive, so the shell will retain exit statuses longer for examination
2257 k. A fix was made so that `jobs | command' works again.
2259 l. The erroneous compound array assignment var=((...)) is now a syntax error.
2261 m. A change was made to the dynamic loading code in `enable' to support
2264 n. A fix was made to the globbing code so that extended globbing patterns
2265 will correctly match `.' in a bracket expression.
2267 2. Changes to Readline
2269 a. A fix was made to the completion code in which a typo caused the wrong
2270 value to be passed to the function that computed the longest common
2271 prefix of the list of matches.
2273 b. The completion code now checks the value of rl_filename_completion_desired,
2274 which is set by application-supplied completion functions to indicate
2275 that filename completion is being performed, to decide whether or not to
2276 call an application-supplied `ignore completions' function.
2278 3. New Features in Bash
2280 a. A change was made to the startup file code so that any shell begun with
2281 the `--login' option, even non-interactive shells, will source the login
2282 shell startup files.
2284 4. New Features in Readline
2286 a. A new variable, rl_erase_empty_line, which, if set by an application using
2287 readline, will cause readline to erase, prompt and all, lines on which the
2288 only thing typed was a newline.
2290 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------
2291 This document details the changes between this version, bash-2.03-alpha,
2292 and the previous version, bash-2.02.1-release.
2296 a. System-specific configuration changes were made for: Irix 6.x, Unixware 7.
2298 b. The texi2dvi and texi2html scripts were updated to the latest versions
2301 c. The configure tests that determine which native type is 32 bits were
2302 changed to not require a compiled program.
2304 d. Fixed a bug in shell_execve that could cause memory to be freed twice
2305 after a failed exec.
2307 e. The `printf' test uses `diff -a' if it's available to prevent confusion
2308 due to the non-ascii output.
2310 f. Shared object configuration is now performed by a shell script,
2311 support/shobj-conf, which generates values to be substituted into
2312 makefiles by configure.
2314 g. Some changes were made to `ulimit' to avoid the use of RLIM_INVALID as a
2317 h. Changes were made to `ulimit' to work around HPUX 9.x's peculiar
2318 handling of RLIMIT_FILESIZE.
2320 i. Some new loadable builtins were added: id, printenv, sync, whoami, push,
2321 mkdir. `pushd', `popd', and `dirs' can now be built as regular or
2322 loadable builtins from the same source file.
2324 j. Changes were made to `printf' to handle NUL bytes in the expanded format
2327 k. The various `make clean' Makefile targets now descend into lib/sh.
2329 l. The `type' builtin was changed to use the internal `getopt' so that things
2330 like `type -ap' work as expected.
2332 m. There is a new configuration option, --with-installed-readline, to link
2333 bash with a locally-installed version of readline. Only readline version
2334 4.0 and later releases can support this. Shared and static libraries
2335 are supported. The installed include files are used.
2337 n. There is a new autoconf macro used to find which basic type is 64 bits.
2339 o. Dynamic linking and loadable builtins should now work on SCO 3.2v5*,
2340 AIX 4.2 with gcc, Unixware 7, and many other systems using gcc, where
2341 the `-shared' options works correctly.
2343 p. A bug was fixed in the bash filename completion code that caused memory to
2344 be freed twice if a directory name containing an unset variable was
2345 completed and the -u option was set.
2347 q. The prompt expansion code now quotes the `$' in the `\$' expansion so it
2348 is not processed by subsequent parameter expansion.
2350 r. Fixed a parsing bug that caused a single or double quote after a `$$' to
2351 trigger ANSI C expansion or locale translation.
2353 s. Fixed a bug in the globbing code that caused quoted filenames containing
2354 no globbing characters to sometimes be incorrectly expanded.
2356 t. Changes to the default prompt strings if prompt string decoding is not
2357 compiled into the shell.
2359 u. Added `do', `then', `else', `{', and `(' to the list of keywords that may
2360 precede the `time' reserved word.
2362 v. The shell may now be cross-built for BeOS as well as cygwin32.
2364 w. The conditional command execution code now treats `=' the same as `=='
2365 for deciding when to perform pattern matching.
2367 x. The `-e' option no longer causes the shell to exit if a command exits
2368 with a non-zero status while running the startup files.
2370 y. The `printf' builtin no longer dumps core if a modifier is supplied in
2371 the format string without a conversion character (e.g. `%h').
2373 z. Array assignments of the form a=(...) no longer show up in the history
2376 aa. The parser was fixed to obey the POSIX.2 rules for finding the closing
2377 `}' in a ${...} expression.
2379 bb. The history file is now opened with mode 0600 rather than 0666, so bash
2380 no longer relies on the user's umask being set appropriately.
2382 cc. Setting LANG no longer causes LC_ALL to be assigned a value; bash now
2383 relies on proper behavior from the C library.
2385 dd. Minor changes were made to allow quoted variable expansions using
2386 ${...} to be completed correctly if there is no closing `"'.
2388 ee. Changes were made to builtins/Makefile.in so that configuring the shell
2389 with `--enable-profiling' works right and builtins/mkbuiltins is
2392 2. Changes to Readline
2394 a. The version number is now 4.0.
2396 b. There is no longer any #ifdef SHELL code in the source files.
2398 c. Some changes were made to the key binding code to fix memory leaks and
2399 better support Win32 systems.
2401 d. Fixed a silly typo in the paren matching code -- it's microseconds, not
2404 e. The readline library should be compilable by C++ compilers.
2406 f. The readline.h public header file now includes function prototypes for
2407 all readline functions, and some changes were made to fix errors in the
2408 source files uncovered by the use of prototypes.
2410 g. The maximum numeric argument is now clamped at 1000000.
2412 h. Fixes to rl_yank_last_arg to make it behave better.
2414 i. Fixed a bug in the display code that caused core dumps if the prompt
2415 string length exceeded 1024 characters.
2417 j. The menu completion code was fixed to properly insert a single completion
2418 if there is only one match.
2420 k. A bug was fixed that caused the display code to improperly display tabs
2423 3. New Features in Bash
2425 a. New `shopt' option, `restricted_shell', indicating whether or not the
2426 shell was started in restricted mode, for use in startup files.
2428 b. Filename generation is now performed on the words between ( and ) in
2429 array assignments (which it probably should have done all along).
2431 c. OLDPWD is now auto-exported, as POSIX.2 seems to require.
2433 d. ENV and BASH_ENV are read-only variables in a restricted shell.
2435 4. New Features in Readline
2437 a. Many changes to the signal handling:
2438 o Readline now catches SIGQUIT and cleans up the tty before returning;
2439 o A new variable, rl_catch_signals, is available to application writers
2440 to indicate to readline whether or not it should install its own
2441 signal handlers for SIGINT, SIGTERM, SIGQUIT, SIGALRM, SIGTSTP,
2442 SIGTTIN, and SIGTTOU;
2443 o A new variable, rl_catch_sigwinch, is available to application
2444 writers to indicate to readline whether or not it should install its
2445 own signal handler for SIGWINCH, which will chain to the calling
2446 applications's SIGWINCH handler, if one is installed;
2447 o There is a new function, rl_free_line_state, for application signal
2448 handlers to call to free up the state associated with the current
2449 line after receiving a signal;
2450 o There is a new function, rl_cleanup_after_signal, to clean up the
2451 display and terminal state after receiving a signal;
2452 o There is a new function, rl_reset_after_signal, to reinitialize the
2453 terminal and display state after an application signal handler
2454 returns and readline continues
2456 b. There is a new function, rl_resize_terminal, to reset readline's idea of
2457 the screen size after a SIGWINCH.
2459 c. New public functions: rl_save_prompt and rl_restore_prompt. These were
2460 previously private functions with a `_' prefix.
2462 d. New function hook: rl_pre_input_hook, called just before readline starts
2463 reading input, after initialization.
2465 e. New function hook: rl_display_matches_hook, called when readline would
2466 display the list of completion matches. The new function
2467 rl_display_match_list is what readline uses internally, and is available
2468 for use by application functions called via this hook.
2470 f. New bindable function, delete-char-or-list, like tcsh.
2472 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------
2473 This document details the changes between this version, bash-2.02.1-release,
2474 and the previous version, bash-2.02-release.
2478 a. A bug that caused the bash readline support to not compile unless aliases
2479 and csh-style history were configured into the shell was fixed.
2481 b. Fixed a bug that could cause a core dump when here documents contained
2482 more than 1000 characters.
2484 c. Fixed a bug that caused a CDPATH entry of "" to not be treated the same
2485 as the current directory when in POSIX mode.
2487 d. Fixed an alignment problem with the memory returned by the bash malloc,
2488 so returned memory is now 64-bit aligned.
2490 e. Fixed a bug that caused command substitutions executed within pipelines
2491 to put the terminal in the wrong process group.
2493 f. Fixes to support/config.sub for: alphas, SCO Open Server and Open Desktop,
2494 Unixware 2, and Unixware 7.
2496 g. Fixes to the pattern matching code to make it work correctly for eight-bit
2499 h. Fixed a problem that occasionally caused the shell to display the wrong
2500 value for the new working directory when changing to a directory found
2501 in $CDPATH when in physical mode.
2503 i. Fixed a bug that caused core dumps when using conditional commands in
2506 j. Fixed a bug that caused the printf builtin to loop forever if the format
2507 string did not consume any of the arguments.
2509 k. Fixed a bug in the parameter expansion code that caused "$@" to be
2510 incorrectly split if $IFS did not contain a space character.
2512 l. Fixed a bug that could cause a core dump when completing hostnames if
2513 the number of matching hostnames was an exact multiple of 16.
2515 m. Fixed a bug that caused the shell to fork too early when a command
2516 such as `%2 &' was given.
2518 2. Changes to Readline
2520 a. Fixed a problem with redisplay that showed up when the prompt string was
2521 longer than the screen width and the prompt contained invisible characters.
2523 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------
2524 This document details the changes between this version, bash-2.02-release,
2525 and the previous version, bash-2.02-beta2.
2529 a. A bug was fixed that caused the terminal process group to be set
2530 incorrectly when performing command substitution of builtins in a
2533 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------
2534 This document details the changes between this version, bash-2.02-beta2,
2535 and the previous version, bash-2.02-beta1.
2539 a. Attempting to `wait' for stopped jobs now generates a warning message.
2541 b. Pipelines which exit due to SIGPIPE in non-interactive shells are now
2542 not reported if the shell is compiled -DDONT_REPORT_SIGPIPE.
2544 c. Some changes were made to builtins/psize.sh and support/bashbug.sh to
2545 attempt to avoid some /tmp file races and surreptitious file
2548 d. Fixed a bug that caused the shell not to compile if configured with
2549 dparen arithmetic but without aliases.
2551 e. Fixed a bug that caused the input stream to be switched when assigning
2552 empty arrays with `bash -c'.
2554 f. A bug was fixed in the readline expansion glue code that caused bash to
2555 dump core when expanding lines with an unclosed single quote.
2557 g. A fix was made to the `cd' builtin so that using a non-empty directory
2558 from $CDPATH results in an absolute pathname of the new current working
2559 directory to be displayed after the current directory is changed.
2561 h. Fixed a bug in the variable assignment code that caused the shell to
2562 dump core when referencing an unset variable with `set -u' enabled in
2563 an assignment statement preceding a command.
2565 i. Fixed a bug in the exit trap code that caused reserved words to not be
2566 recognized under certain circumstances.
2568 j. Fixed a bug in the parameter pattern substitution code so that quote
2569 removal is performed.
2571 k. The shell should now configure correctly on Apple Rhapsody systems.
2573 l. The `kill' builtin now prints a usage message if it is not passed any
2576 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------
2577 This document details the changes between this version, bash-2.02-beta1,
2578 and the previous version, bash-2.02-alpha1.
2582 a. A few compilation bugs were fixed in the new extended globbing code.
2584 b. Executing arithmetic commands now sets the command name to `((' so
2585 error messages look right.
2587 c. Fixed some build problems with various configuration options.
2589 d. The `printf' builtin now aborts immediately if an illegal format
2590 character is encountered.
2592 e. The code that creates here-documents now behaves better if the file it's
2593 trying to create already exists for some reason.
2595 f. Fixed a problem with the extended globbing code that made patterns like
2596 `x+*' expand incorrectly.
2598 g. The prompt string expansion code no longer quotes tildes with backslashes.
2600 h. The bash getcwd() implementation in lib/sh/getcwd.c now behaves better in
2601 the presence of lstat(2) failures.
2603 i. Fixed a bug with strsub() that caused core dumps when executing `fc -s'.
2605 j. The mail checking code now ensures that it has a valid default mailpath.
2607 k. A bug was fixed that caused local variables to be unset inappropriately
2608 when sourcing a script from within another sourced script.
2610 l. A bug was fixed in the history saving code so that functions are saved
2611 in the history list correctly if `cmdhist' is enabled, but `lithist'
2614 m. A bug was fixed that caused printf overflows when displaying error
2617 n. It should be easier to build the loadble builtins in examples/loadables,
2618 though some manual editing of the generated Makefile is still required.
2620 o. The user's primary group is now always ${GROUPS[0]}.
2622 p. Some updates were made to support/config.guess from the GNU master copy.
2624 q. Some changes were made to the autoconf support for Solaris 2.6 large
2627 r. The `command' builtins now does the right thing when confstr(3) cannot
2628 find a value for _CS_PATH.
2630 s. Extended globbing expressions like `*.!(c)' are not history expanded if
2631 `extglob' is enabled.
2633 t. Using the `-P' option to `cd' will force the value that is assigned to
2634 PWD to not contain any symbolic links.
2636 2. Changes to Readline
2638 a. The code that prints completion listings now behaves better if one or
2639 more of the filenames contains non-printable characters.
2641 b. The time delay when showing matching parentheses is now 0.5 seconds.
2643 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------
2644 This document details the changes between this version, bash-2.02-alpha1,
2645 and the previous version, bash-2.01.1-release.
2649 a. OS-specific configuration changes for: BSD/OS 3.x, Minix 2.x,
2650 Solaris 2.6, SINIX SVR4.
2652 b. Changes were made to the generated `info' files so that `install-info'
2655 c. PWD is now auto-exported.
2657 d. A fix was made to the pipeline code to make sure that the shell forks
2658 to execute simple commands consisting solely of assignment statements.
2660 e. Changes to the test suite for systems with 14-character filenames.
2662 f. The default sizes of some internal hash tables have been made smaller
2663 to reduce the shell's memory footprint.
2665 g. The `((...))' arithmetic command is now executed directly instead of
2666 being translated into `let "..."'.
2668 h. Fixes were made to the expansion code so that "$*", "$@", "${array[@]}",
2669 and "${array[@]}" expand correctly when IFS does not contain a space
2670 character, is unset, or is set to NULL.
2672 i. The indirect expansion code (${!var}) was changed so that the only
2673 valid values of `var' are variable names, positional parameters, `#',
2676 j. An arithmetic expression error in a $((...)) expansion now causes a
2677 non-interactive shell running in posix mode to exit.
2679 k. Compound array assignment now splits the words within the parentheses
2680 on shell metacharacters like the parser would before expansing them
2681 and performing the assignment. This is for compatibility with ksh-93.
2683 l. The internal shell backslash-quoting code (used in the output of `set'
2684 and completion) now quotes tildes if they appear at the start of the
2685 string or after a `=' or `:'.
2687 m. A couple of bugs with `shopt -o' were fixed.
2689 n. `bash +o' now displays the same output as `set +o' before starting an
2692 o. A bug that caused command substitution and the `eval' builtin to
2693 occasionally free memory twice when an error was encountered was fixed.
2695 p. The filename globbing code no longer requires read permission for a
2696 directory when the filename to be matched does not contain any globbing
2697 characters, as POSIX.2 specifies.
2699 q. A bug was fixed so that the job containing the last asynchronous
2700 process is not removed from the job table until a `wait' is executed
2701 for that process or another asynchronous process is started. This
2702 satisfies a POSIX.2 requirement.
2704 r. A `select' bug was fixed so that a non-numeric user response is treated
2705 the same as a numeric response that is out of range.
2707 s. The shell no longer parses the value of SHELLOPTS from the environment
2708 if it is restricted, running setuid, or running in `privileged mode'.
2710 t. Fixes were made to enable large file support on systems such as
2711 Solaris 2.6, where the size of a file may be larger than can be held
2714 u. The filename hashing code was fixed to not add `./' to the beginning of
2715 filenames which already begin with `./'.
2717 v. The configure script was changed so that the GNU termcap library is not
2718 compiled in if `prefer-curses' has been specified.
2720 w. HISTCONTROL and HISTIGNORE are no longer applied to the second and
2721 subsequent lines of a multi-line command.
2723 x. A fix was made to `disown' so that it does a better job of catching
2726 y. Non-interactive shells no longer report the status of processes terminated
2727 due to SIGINT, even if the standard output is a terminal.
2729 z. A bug that caused the output of `jobs' to have extra carriage returns
2732 aa. A bug that caused PIPESTATUS to not be set when builtins or shell
2733 functions were executed in the foreground was fixed.
2735 bb. Bash now attempts to detect when it is being run by sshd, and treats
2736 that case identically to being run by rshd.
2738 cc. A bug that caused `set -a' to export SHELLOPTS when one of the shell
2739 options was changed was fixed.
2741 dd. The `kill' builtin now disallows empty or missing process id arguments
2742 instead of treating them as identical to `0', which means the current
2745 ee. `var=value declare -x var' now behaves identically to
2746 `var=value export var'. Similarly for `var=value declare -r var' and
2747 `var=value readonly var'.
2749 ff. A few memory leaks were fixed.
2751 gg. `alias' and `unalias' now print error messages when passed an argument
2752 that is not an alias for printing or deletion, even when the shell is
2753 not interactive, as POSIX.2 specifies.
2755 hh. `alias' and `alias -p' now return a status of 0 when no aliases are
2756 defined, as POSIX.2 specifes.
2758 ii. `cd -' now prints the pathname of the new working directory if the shell
2761 jj. A fix was made so that the code that binds $PWD now copes with getcwd()
2764 kk. `unset' now checks whether or not a function name it's trying to unset
2765 is a valid shell identifier only when the shell is running in posix mode.
2767 ll. A change was made to the code that generates filenames for here documents
2768 to make them less prone to name collisions.
2770 mm. The parser was changed so that `time' is recognized as a reserved word
2771 only at the beginning of a pipeline.
2773 nn. The pathname canonicalization code was changed so that `//' is converted
2774 into `/', but all other pathnames beginning with `//' are left alone, as
2777 oo. The `logout' builtin will no longer exit a non-interactive non-login
2780 2. Changes to Readline
2782 a. Fixed a problem in the readline test program rltest.c that caused a core
2785 b. The code that handles parser directives in inputrc files now displays
2786 more error messages.
2788 c. The history expansion code was fixed so that the appearance of the
2789 history comment character at the beginning of a word inhibits history
2790 expansion for that word and the rest of the input line.
2792 3. New Features in Bash
2794 a. A new version of malloc, based on the older GNU malloc, that has many
2795 changes, is more page-based, is more conservative with memory usage,
2796 and does not `orphan' large blocks when they are freed.
2798 b. A new version of gmalloc, based on the old GLIBC malloc, with many
2799 changes and range checking included by default.
2801 c. A new implementation of fnmatch(3) that includes full POSIX.2 Basic
2802 Regular Expression matching, including character classes, collating
2803 symbols, equivalence classes, and support for case-insensitive pattern
2806 d. ksh-88 egrep-style extended pattern matching ([@+*?!](patlist)) has been
2807 implemented, controlled by a new `shopt' option, `extglob'.
2809 e. There is a new ksh-like `[[' compound command, which implements
2810 extended `test' functionality.
2812 f. There is a new `printf' builtin, implemented according to the POSIX.2
2815 g. There is a new feature for command substitution: $(< filename) now expands
2816 to the contents of `filename', with any trailing newlines removed
2817 (equivalent to $(cat filename)).
2819 h. There are new tilde prefixes which expand to directories from the
2822 i. There is a new `**' arithmetic operator to do exponentiation.
2824 j. There are new configuration options to control how bash is linked:
2825 `--enable-profiling', to allow bash to be profiled with gprof, and
2826 `--enable-static-link', to allow bash to be linked statically.
2828 k. There is a new configuration option, `--enable-cond-command', which
2829 controls whether or not the `[[' command is included. It is on by
2832 l. There is a new configuration option, `--enable-extended-glob', which
2833 controls whether or not the ksh extended globbing feature is included.
2834 It is enabled by default.
2836 m. There is a new configuration #define in config.h.top that, when enabled,
2837 will cause all login shells to source /etc/profile and one of the user-
2838 specific login shell startup files, whether or not the shell is
2841 n. There is a new invocation option, `--dump-po-strings', to dump
2842 a shell script's translatable strings ($"...") in GNU `po' format.
2844 o. There is a new `shopt' option, `nocaseglob', to enable case-insensitive
2845 pattern matching when globbing filenames and using the `case' construct.
2847 p. There is a new `shopt' option, `huponexit', which, when enabled, causes
2848 the shell to send SIGHUP to all jobs when an interactive login shell
2851 q. `bind' has a new `-u' option, which takes a readline function name as an
2852 argument and unbinds all key sequences bound to that function in a
2855 r. `disown' now has `-a' and `-r' options, to limit operation to all jobs
2856 and running jobs, respectively.
2858 s. The `shopt' `-p' option now causes output to be displayed in a reusable
2861 t. `test' has a new `-N' option, which returns true if the filename argument
2862 has been modified since it was last accessed.
2864 u. `umask' now has a `-p' option to print output in a reusable format.
2866 v. A new escape sequence, `\xNNN', has been added to the `echo -e' and $'...'
2867 translation code. It expands to the character whose ascii code is NNN
2870 w. The prompt string expansion code has a new `\r' escape sequence.
2872 x. The shell may now be cross-compiled for the CYGWIN32 environment on
2875 4. New Features in Readline
2877 a. There is now an option for `iterative' yank-last-arg handline, so a user
2878 can keep entering `M-.', yanking the last argument of successive history
2881 b. New variable, `print-completions-horizontally', which causes completion
2882 matches to be displayed across the screen (like `ls -x') rather than up
2883 and down the screen (like `ls').
2885 c. New variable, `completion-ignore-case', which causes filename completion
2886 and matching to be performed case-insensitively.
2888 d. There is a new bindable command, `magic-space', which causes history
2889 expansion to be performed on the current readline buffer and a space to
2890 be inserted into the result.
2892 e. There is a new bindable command, `menu-complete', which enables tcsh-like
2893 menu completion (successive executions of menu-complete insert a single
2894 completion match, cycling through the list of possible completions).
2896 f. There is a new bindable command, `paste-from-clipboard', for use on Win32
2897 systems, to insert the text from the Win32 clipboard into the editing
2900 g. The key sequence translation code now understands printf-style backslash
2901 escape sequences, including \NNN octal escapes. These escape sequences
2902 may be used in key sequence definitions or macro values.
2904 h. An `$include' inputrc file parser directive has been added.
2906 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------
2907 This document details the changes between this version, bash-2.01.1-release,
2908 and the previous version, bash-2.01-release.
2912 a. The select command was fixed to check the validity of the user's
2913 input more strenuously.
2915 b. A bug was fixed that prevented `time' from timing commands correctly
2916 when supplied as an argument to `bash -c'.
2918 c. A fix was made to the mail checking code to keep from adding the same
2919 mail file to the list of files to check multiple times when parsing
2922 d. Fixed an off-by-one error in the tilde expansion library.
2924 e. When using the compound array assignment syntax, the old value of
2925 the array is cleared before assigning the new value.
2927 f. Fixed a bug that could cause a core dump when a trap handler was reset
2928 to the default in the trap command associated with that signal.
2930 g. Fixed a bug in the locale code that occurred when assigning a value
2933 h. A change was made to the parser so that words of the form xxx=(...)
2934 are not considered compound assignment statements unless there are
2935 characters before the `='.
2937 i. A fix was made to the command tracing code to correctly quote each
2940 j. Some changes were made to the bash-specific autoconf tests to make them
2943 k. Completion of words with globbing characters now correctly quotes the
2946 l. The directory /var/spool/mail is now preferred to /usr/spool/mail when
2947 configure is deciding on the default mail directory.
2949 m. The brace completion code was fixed to not quote the `{' and `}'.
2951 n. Some fixes were made to make $RANDOM more random in subshells.
2953 o. System-specific changes were made to configure for: SVR4.2
2955 p. Changes were made so that completion of words containing globbing chars
2956 substitutes the result only if a single filename was matched.
2958 q. The window size is now recomputed after a job is stopped with SIGTSTP if
2959 the user has set `checkwinsize' with `shopt'.
2961 r. When doing substring expansion, out-of-range substring specifiers now
2962 cause nothing to be substituted rather than an expansion error.
2964 s. A fix was made so that you can no longer trap `SIGEXIT' or `SIGDEBUG' --
2965 only `EXIT' and `DEBUG' are accepted.
2967 t. The display of trapped signals now uses the signal number if signals
2968 for which bash does not know the name are trapped.
2970 u. A fix was made so that `bash -r' does not turn on restricted mode until
2971 after the startup files are executed.
2973 v. A bug was fixed that occasionally caused a core dump when a variable
2974 found in the temporary environment of export/declare/readonly had a
2977 w. A bug that occasionally caused unallocated memory to be passed to free()
2978 when doing arithmetic substitution was fixed.
2980 x. A bug that caused a buffer overrun when expanding a prompt string
2981 containing `\w' and ${#PWD} exceeded PATH_MAX was fixed.
2983 y. A problem with the completion code that occasionally caused it to
2984 refer to a character before the beginning of the readline line buffer
2987 z. A bug was fixed so that the `read' builtin restarts reads when
2988 interrupted by signals other than SIGINT.
2990 aa. Fixed a bug that caused a command to be freed twice when there was
2991 an evaluation error in the `eval' command.
2993 2. Changes to Readline
2995 a. Added a missing `extern' to a declaration in readline.h that kept
2996 readline from compiling cleanly on some systems.
2998 b. The history file is now opened with mode 0600 when it is written for
3001 c. Changes were made to the SIGWINCH handling code so that prompt redisplay
3004 d. ^G now interrupts incremental searches correctly.
3006 e. A bug that caused a core dump when the set of characters to be quoted
3007 when completing words was empty was fixed.
3009 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------
3010 This document details the changes between this version, bash-2.01-release,
3011 and the previous version, bash-2.01-beta2.
3015 a. The `distclean' target should remove the `printenv' executable if it
3018 b. The test suite was changed slightly to ensure that the error messages
3019 are printed in English.
3021 c. A bug that caused the shell to dump core when a filename containing a
3022 `/' was passed to `hash' was fixed.
3024 d. Pathname canonicalization now leaves a leading `//' intact, as POSIX.1
3027 e. A memory leak when completing commands was fixed.
3029 f. A memory leak that occurred when checking the hash table for commands
3030 with relative paths was fixed.
3032 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------
3033 This document details the changes between this version, bash-2.01-beta2,
3034 and the previous version, bash-2.01-beta1.
3038 a. The `ulimit' builtin translates RLIM_INFINITY to the hard limit only if
3039 the current (soft) limit is less than or equal to the hard limit.
3041 b. Fixed a bug that caused the bash emulation of strcasecmp to produce
3044 c. A bug that caused memory to be freed twice when a trap handler resets
3045 the trap more than once was fixed.
3047 d. A bug that caused machines where sizeof (pointer) > sizeof (int) to
3048 fail (and possibly dump core) when trying to unwind-protect a null
3051 e. The startup files should not be run with job control enabled. This fix
3052 allows SIGINT to once again interrupt startup file execution.
3054 f. Bash should not change the SIGPROF handler if it is set to something
3057 g. The completion code that provides bash-specific completions for readline
3058 now quotes characters that the readline code would treat as word break
3059 characters if they appear in a file name.
3061 h. The completion code now correctly quotes filenames containing a `!',
3062 even if the user attempted to use double quotes when attempting
3065 i. A bug that caused the shell to dump core when `disown' was called without
3066 arguments and there was no current job was fixed.
3068 j. A construct like $((foo);bar) is now processed as a command substitution
3069 rather than as a bad arithmetic substitution.
3071 k. A couple of bugs that caused `fc' to not obey the `cmdhist' and `lithist'
3072 shell options when editing and re-executing a series of commands were
3075 l. A fix was made to the grammar -- the list of commands between `do' and
3076 `done' in the body of a `for' command should be treated the same as a
3079 2. Changes to Readline
3081 a. A couple of bugs that caused the history search functions to attempt to
3082 free a NULL pointer were fixed.
3084 b. If the C library provides setlocale(3), readline does not need to look
3085 at various environment variables to decide whether or not to go into
3086 eight-bit mode automatically -- just check whether the current locale
3087 is not `C' or `POSIX'.
3089 c. If the filename completion function finds that a directory was not closed
3090 by a previous (interrupted) completion, it closes the directory with
3093 3. New Features in Bash
3095 a. New bindable readline commands: history-and-alias-expand-line and
3096 alias-expand-line. The code was always in there, there was just no
3099 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------
3100 This document details the changes between this version, bash-2.01-beta1,
3101 and the previous version, bash-2.01-alpha1.
3105 a. Fixed a problem that could cause file descriptors used for process
3106 substitution to conflict with those used explicitly in redirections.
3108 b. Made it easier to regenerate configure if the user changes configure.in.
3110 c. ${GROUPS[0]} should always be the primary group, even on systems without
3113 d. Spelling correction is no longer enabled by default.
3115 e. Fixes to quoting problems in `bashbug'.
3117 f. OS-specific configuration changes were made for: Irix 6.
3119 g. OS-specific code changes were made for: QNX.
3121 h. A more meaningful message is now printed when the file in /tmp for a
3122 here document cannot be created.
3124 i. Many changes to the shell's variable initialization code to speed
3125 non-interactive startup.
3127 j. Changes to the non-job-control code so that it does not try to open
3130 k. The output of `set' and `export' is once again sorted, as POSIX wants.
3132 l. Fixed a problem caused by a recursive call reparsing the value of
3135 m. The tilde code no longer calls getenv() when it's compiled as part of
3136 the shell, which should eliminate problems on systems that cannot
3137 redefine getenv(), like the NeXT OS.
3139 n. Fixed a problem that caused `bash -o' or `bash +o' to not list all
3142 o. Fixed `ulimit' to convert RLIM_INFINITY to the appropriate hard limit
3143 only if the hard limit is greater than the current (soft) limit.
3145 p. Fixed a problem that arose when building bash in a different directory
3146 than the source and y.tab.[ch] were remade with something other than
3147 bison. This came up most often on NetBSD.
3149 q. Fixed a problem with completion -- it thought that `pwd`/[TAB] indicated
3150 an unfinished command completion (`/), which generated errors.
3152 r. The bash special tilde expansions (~-, ~+) are now attempted before
3153 calling the standard tilde expansion code, which should eliminate the
3154 problems people have been seeing with this on Solaris 2.5.1.
3156 s. Added support for <stdarg.h> to places where it was missing.
3158 t. Changed the code that reads the output of a command substitution to not
3159 go through stdio. This reduces the memory requirements and is faster.
3161 u. A number of changes to speed up export environment creation were made.
3163 v. A number of memory leaks were fixed as the result of running the test
3164 scripts through Purify.
3166 w. Fixed a bug that caused subshells forked to interpret executable
3167 scripts without a leading `#!' to not reinitialize the values of
3170 2. Changes to Readline
3172 a. History library has less `#ifdef SHELL' code -- abstracted stuff out
3173 into application-specific function hooks.
3175 b. Readline no longer calls getenv() if it's compiled as part of the shell,
3176 which should eliminate problems on systems that cannot redefine getenv(),
3179 c. Fixed translation of ESC when `untranslating' macro values.
3181 d. The region kill operation now fixes the mark if it ends up beyond the
3182 boundaries of the line after the region is deleted.
3184 3. New Features in Bash
3186 a. New argument for `configure': `--with-curses'. This can be used to
3187 override the selection of the termcap library on systems where it is
3190 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------
3191 This document details the changes between this version, bash-2.01-alpha1,
3192 and the previous version, bash-2.0-release.
3196 a. System-specific configuration changes for: FreeBSD, SunOS4, Irix,
3197 MachTen, QNX 4.2, Harris Night Hawk, SunOS5.
3199 b. System-specific code changes were made for: Linux, 4.4 BSD, QNX 4.2,
3202 c. A bug that caused the exec builtin to fail because the full pathname of
3203 the command could not be found was fixed.
3205 d. The code that performs output redirections is now more resistant to
3206 race conditions and possible security exploits.
3208 e. A bug that caused the shell to dump core when performing pattern
3209 substitutions on variable values was fixed.
3211 f. More hosts are now recognized by the auto-configuration mechanism
3212 (OpenBSD, QNX, others).
3214 g. Assignments to read-only variables that attempt to convert them to
3215 arrays are now errors.
3217 h. A bug that caused shell scripts using array assignments in POSIX mode
3218 to exit after the assignment was performed was fixed.
3220 i. The substring expansion code is now more careful about running off the
3221 ends of the expanded variable value.
3223 j. A bug that caused completion to fail if a backquoted command substitution
3224 appeared anywhere on the line was fixed.
3226 k. The `source' builtin no longer turns off history if it has been enabled
3227 in a non-interactive shell.
3229 l. A bug that caused the shell to crash when `disown' was given a pid
3230 instead of a job number was fixed.
3232 m. The `cd' spelling correction code will not try to change to `.' if no
3233 directory entries match a single-character argument.
3235 n. A bad variable name supplied to `declare', `export', or `readonly' no
3236 longer causes a non-interactive shell in POSIX mode to exit.
3238 o. Some fixes were made to the test suite to handle peculiarities of
3239 various Unix versions.
3241 p. The bash completion code now quotes characters that readline would
3242 treat as word breaks for completion but are not shell metacharacters.
3244 q. Bad options supplied at invocation now cause a usage message to be
3247 r. Fixes were made to the code that handles DEBUG traps so that the trap
3248 string is not freed inappropriately.
3250 s. Some changes were made to the bash debugger in examples/bashdb -- it
3251 should be closer to working now.
3253 t. A problem that caused the default filename used for mail checking to be
3256 u. A fix was made to the `echo' builtin so that NUL characters printed with
3257 `echo -e' do not cause the output to be truncated.
3259 v. A fix was made to the job control code so that the shell behaves better
3260 when monitor mode is enabled in a non-interactive shell.
3262 w. Bash no longer catches all of the terminating signals in a non-
3263 interactive shell until a trap is set on EXIT, which should result in
3266 x. A fix was made to the command timing code so that `time' can be used in
3269 y. A fix was made to the parser so that `((cmd); cmd2)' is now parsed as
3270 a nested subshell rather than strictly as an (erroneous) arithmetic
3273 z. A fix was made to the globbing code so that it correctly matches quoted
3274 filenames beginning with a `.'.
3276 aa. A bug in `fc' that caused some multi-line commands to not be stored as
3277 one command in the history when they were re-executed after editing
3278 (with `fc -e') was fixed.
3280 bb. The `ulimit' builtin now attempts to catch some classes of integer
3283 cc. The command-oriented-history code no longer attempts to add `;'
3284 inappropriately when a newline appears while reading a $(...) command
3287 dd. A bug that caused the shell to dump core when `help --' was executed
3290 ee. A bug that caused the shell to crash when an unset variable appeared
3291 in the body of a here document after `set -u' had been executed was
3294 ff. Implicit input redirections from /dev/null for asynchronous commands
3295 are now handled better.
3297 gg. A bug that caused the shell to fail to compile when configured with
3298 `--disable-readline' was fixed.
3300 hh. The globbing code should now be interruptible.
3302 ii. Bash now notices when the `kill' builtin is used to send SIGCONT to a
3303 stopped job and adjusts the data structures accordingly, as if `bg' had
3304 been executed instead.
3306 jj. A bug that caused the shell to crash when mixing calls to `getopts'
3307 and `shift' on the same set of positional parameters was fixed.
3309 kk. The command printing code now preserves the `-p' flag to `time'.
3311 ll. The command printing code now handles here documents better when there
3312 are other redirections associated with the command.
3314 mm. The special glibc environment variable (NNN_GNU_nonoption_argv_flags_)
3315 is no longer placed into the environment of executed commands -- users
3316 of glibc had too many problems with it.
3318 nn. Reorganized the code that generates signames.h. The signal_names list
3319 is now more complete but may be slightly different (SIGABRT is favored
3320 over SIGIOT, for example). The preferred signal names are those
3321 listed in the POSIX.2 standard.
3323 oo. `bashbug' now uses a filename shorter than 14 characters for its
3324 temporary file, and asks for confirmation before sending the bug
3327 pp. A bug that caused TAB completion in vi editing mode to not be turned
3328 off when `set -o posix' was executed or back on when `set +o posix'
3329 was executed was fixed.
3331 qq. A bug in the brace expansion code that caused brace expansions appearing
3332 in new-style $(...) command substitutions to be inappropriately expanded
3335 rr. A bug in the readline hook shell-expand-line that could cause memory to
3336 be inappropriately freed was fixed.
3338 ss. A bug that caused some arithmetic expressions containing `&&' and `||'
3339 to be parsed with the wrong precedence has been fixed.
3341 tt. References to unbound variables after `set -u' has been executed now
3342 cause the shell to exit immediately, as they should.
3344 uu. A bug that caused the shell to exit inappropriately when `set -e' had
3345 been executed and a command's return status was being inverted with the
3346 `!' reserved word was fixed.
3348 vv. A bug that could occasionally cause the shell to crash with a
3349 divide-by-zero error when timing a command was fixed.
3351 ww. A bug that caused parameter pattern substitution to leave stray
3352 backslashes in the replacement string when the expression is in
3353 double quotes was fixed.
3355 xx. The `break' and `continue' builtins now break out of all loops when an
3356 invalid count argument is supplied.
3358 yy. Fixed a bug that caused PATH to be set to the empty string if
3359 `command -p' is executed with PATH unset.
3361 zz. Fixed `kill -l signum' to print the signal name without the `SIG' prefix,
3364 aaa. Fixed a bug that caused the shell to crash while setting $SHELLOPTS
3365 if there were no shell options set.
3367 bbb. Fixed `export -p' and `readonly -p' so that when the shell is in POSIX
3368 mode, their output is as POSIX.2 specifies.
3370 ccc. Fixed a bug in `readonly' so that `readonly -a avar=(...)' actually
3371 creates an array variable.
3373 ddd. Fixed a bug that prevented `time' from correctly timing background
3376 2. Changes to Readline
3378 a. A bug that caused an extra newline to be printed when the cursor was on
3379 an otherwise empty line was fixed.
3381 b. An instance of memory being used after it was freed was corrected.
3383 c. The redisplay code now works when the prompt is longer than the screen
3386 d. `dump-macros' is now a bindable name, as it should have been all along.
3388 e. Non-printable characters are now expanded when displaying macros and
3391 f. The `dump-variables' and `dump-macros' commands now output a leading
3392 newline if they're called as the result of a key sequence, rather
3393 than directly by an application.
3395 3. New Features in Bash
3397 a. There is a new builtin array variable: GROUPS, the set of groups to which
3398 the user belongs. This is used by the test suite.
3400 4. New Features in Readline
3402 a. If a key sequence bound to `universal-argument' is read while reading a
3403 numeric argument started with `universal-argument', it terminates the
3404 argument but is otherwise ignored. This provides a way to insert multiple
3405 instances of a digit string, and is how GNU emacs does it.
3407 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------
3408 This document details the changes between this version, bash-2.0-release,
3409 and the previous version, bash-2.0-beta3.
3413 a. Fix to the `getopts' builtin so that it does the right thing when a
3414 required option argument is not present.
3416 b. The completion code now updates the common prefix of matched names
3417 after FIGNORE processing is done, since any names that were removed
3418 may have changed the common prefix.
3420 c. Fixed a bug that made messages in MAILPATH entries not work correctly.
3422 d. Fixed a serious documentation error in the description of the new
3423 ${parameter:offset[:length]} expansion.
3425 e. Fixes to make parameter substring expansion ({$param:offset[:length]})
3426 work when within double quotes.
3428 f. Fixes to make ^A (CTLESC) survive an unquoted expansion of positional
3431 g. Corrected a misspelling of `unlimited' in the output of `ulimit'.
3433 h. Fixed a bug that caused executable scripts without a leading `#!' to
3434 occasionally pick up the wrong set of positional parameters.
3436 i. Linux systems now have a working `ulimit -v', using RLIMIT_AS.
3438 j. Updated config.guess so that many more machine types are recognized.
3440 k. Fixed a bug with backslash-quoted slashes in the ${param/pat[/sub]}
3443 l. If the shell is named `-su', and `-c command' is supplied, read and
3444 execute the login shell startup files even though the shell is not
3445 interactive. This is to support the `-' option to `su'.
3447 m. Fixed a bug that caused core dumps when the DEBUG trap was ignored
3448 with `trap "" DEBUG' and a shell function was subsequently executed.
3450 n. Fixed a bug that caused core dumps in the read builtin when IFS was
3451 set to the null string and the input had leading whitespace.
3453 2. Changes to Readline
3455 a. Fixed a bug that caused a numeric argument of 1024 to be ignored when
3458 b. Fixed the display code so that the numeric argument is displayed as it's
3461 c. Fixed the numeric argument reading code so that `M-- command' is
3462 equivalent to `M--1 command', as the prompt implies.
3464 3. New Features in Bash
3466 a. `ulimit' now sets both hard and soft limits and reports the soft limit
3467 by default (when neither -H nor -S is specified). This is compatible
3468 with versions of sh and ksh that implement `ulimit'.
3470 b. Integer constants have been extended to base 64.
3472 4. New Features in Readline
3474 a. The `home' and `end' keys are now bound to beginning-of-line and
3475 end-of-line, respectively, if the corresponding termcap capabilities
3478 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------
3479 This document details the changes between this version, bash-2.0-beta3,
3480 and the previous version, bash-2.0-beta2.
3484 a. System-specific changes for: AIX 4.2, SCO 3.2v[45], HP-UX.
3486 b. When in POSIX mode, variable assignments preceding a special builtin
3487 persist in the shell environment after the builtin completes.
3489 c. Changed all calls to getwd() to getcwd(). Improved check for systems
3490 where the libc getcwd() calls popen(), since that breaks on some
3491 systems when job control is being used.
3493 d. Fixed a bug that caused seg faults when executing scripts with the
3494 execute bit set but without a leading `#!'.
3496 e. The environment passed to executed commands is never sorted.
3498 f. A bug was fixed in the code that expands ${name[@]} to the number of
3499 elements in an array variable.
3501 g. A bug was fixed in the array compound assignment code ( A=( ... ) ).
3503 h. Window size changes now correctly propagate down to readline if
3504 the shopt `checkwinsize' option is enabled.
3506 i. A fix was made in the code that expands to the length of a variable
3509 j. A fix was made to the command builtin so that it did not turn on the
3510 `no fork' flag inappropriately.
3512 k. A fix was made to make `set -n' work more reliably.
3514 l. A fix was made to the job control initialization code so that the
3515 terminal process group is set to the shell's process group if the
3516 shell changes its own process group.
3518 2. Changes to Readline
3520 a. System-specific changes for: SCO 3.2v[45].
3522 b. The behavior of the vi-mode `.' when redoing an `i' command was changed
3523 to insert the text previously inserted by the `i' command rather than
3524 simply entering insert mode.
3526 3. New features in Bash
3528 a. There is a new version of the autoload function package, in
3529 examples/functions/autoload.v2, that uses arrays and provides more
3532 b. Support for LC_COLLATE and locale-specific sorting of the results of
3533 pathname expansion if strcoll() is available.
3535 4. New Features in Readline
3537 a. Support for locale-specific sorting of completion possibilities if
3538 strcoll() is available.
3540 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------
3541 This document details the changes between this version, bash-2.0-beta2,
3542 and the previous version, bash-2.0-beta1.
3546 a. `pushd -' is once again equivalent to `pushd $OLDPWD'.
3548 b. OS-specific changes for: SCO 3.2v[45].
3550 c. A change was made to the fix for the recently-reported security hole
3551 when reading characters with octal value 255 to make it work better on
3552 systems with restartable system calls when not using readline.
3554 d. Some changes were made to the test suite so that it works if you
3555 configure bash with --enable-usg-echo-default.
3557 e. A fix was made to the parsing of conditional arithmetic expressions.
3559 f. Illegal arithmetic bases now cause an arithmetic evaluation error rather
3560 than being silently reset.
3562 g. Multiple arithmetic bases now cause an arithmetic evaluation error
3563 instead of being ignored.
3565 h. A fix was made to the evaluation of ${param?word} to conform to POSIX.2.
3567 i. A bug that sometimes caused array indices to be evaluated twice (which
3568 would cause errors when they contained assignment statements) was fixed.
3570 j. `ulimit' was rewritten to avoid problems with getrlimit(2) returning
3571 unsigned values and to simplify the code.
3573 k. A bug in the command-oriented-history code that caused it to sometimes
3574 put semicolons after right parens inappropriately was fixed.
3576 l. The values inserted into the prompt by the \w and \W escape sequences
3577 are now quoted to prevent further expansion.
3579 m. An interactive shell invoked as `sh' now reads and executes commands
3580 from the file named by $ENV when it starts up. If it's a login shell,
3581 it does this after reading /etc/profile and ~/.profile.
3583 n. The file named by $ENV is never read by non-interactive shells.
3585 2. Changes to Readline
3587 a. A few changes were made to hide some macros and functions that should not
3590 b. An off-by-one error that caused seg faults in the history expansion code
3593 3. New Features in Bash
3595 a. The ksh-style ((...)) arithmetic command was implemented. It is exactly
3596 identical to let "...". This is controlled by a new option to configure,
3597 `--enable-dparen-arithmetic', which is on by default.
3599 b. There is a new #define available in config.h.top: SYS_BASH_LOGOUT. If
3600 defined to a filename, bash reads and executes commands from that file
3601 when a login shell exits. It's commented out by default.
3603 c. `ulimit' has a `-l' option that reports the maximum amount of data that
3604 may be locked into memory on 4.4BSD-based systems.
3606 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------
3607 This document details the changes between this version, bash-2.0-beta1,
3608 and the previous version, bash-2.0-alpha4.
3612 a. A bug that sometimes caused traps to be ignored on signals the
3613 shell treats specially was fixed.
3615 b. The internationalization code was changed to track the values of
3616 LC_* variables and call setlocale() as appropriate. The TEXTDOMAIN
3617 and TEXTDOMAINDIR variables are also tracked; changes cause calls
3618 to textdomain() and bindtextdomain(), if available.
3620 c. A bug was fixed that sometimes caused double-quoted strings to be
3623 d. Changes were made so that the siglist code compiles correctly on
3626 e. Added `:' to the set of characters that cause word breaks for the
3627 completion code so that pathnames in assignments to $PATH can be
3630 f. The `select' command was fixed to print $PS3 to stderr.
3632 g. Fixed an error in the manual page section describing the effect that
3633 setting and unsetting GLOBIGNORE has on the setting of the `dotglob'
3636 h. The time conversion code now uses CLK_TCK rather than CLOCKS_PER_SEC
3637 on systems without gettimeofday() and resources.
3639 i. The getopt static variables are now initialized each time a subshell
3640 is started, so subshells using `getopts' work right.
3642 j. A sign-extension bug that caused a possible security hole was fixed.
3644 k. The parser now reads characters between backquotes within a double-
3645 quoted string as a single word, so double quotes in the backquoted
3646 string don't terminate the enclosing double-quoted string.
3648 l. A bug that caused `^O' to work incorrectly when typed as the first
3649 thing to an interactive shell was fixed.
3651 m. A rarely-exercised off-by-one error in the code that quotes variable
3654 n. Some memory and file descriptor leaks encountered when running a
3655 shell script that is executable but does not have a leading `#!'
3658 2. Changes to Readline
3660 a. A bug that sometimes caused incorrect results when trying to read
3661 typeahead on systems without FIONREAD was fixed.
3663 3. New Features in Bash
3665 a. The command timing code now uses the value of the TIMEFORMAT variable
3666 to format and display timing statistics.
3668 b. The `time' reserved word now accepts a `-p' option to force the
3669 POSIX.2 output format.
3671 c. There are a couple of new and updated scripts to convert csh startup
3672 files to bash format.
3674 d. There is a new builtin array variable: BASH_VERSINFO. The various
3675 members hold the parts of the version information in BASH_VERSION,
3676 plus the value of MACHTYPE.
3678 4. New Features in Readline
3680 a. Setting LANG to `en_US.ISO8859-1' now causes readline to enter
3683 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------
3684 This document details the changes between this version, bash-2.0-alpha4,
3685 and the previous version, bash-2.0-alpha3.
3689 a. There is better detection of rsh connections on Solaris 2.
3691 b. Assignments to read-only variables preceding a command name are now
3692 variable assignment errors. Variable assignment errors cause
3693 non-interactive shells running in posix mode to exit.
3695 c. The word tokenizer was rewritten to handle nested quotes and pairs
3696 ('', "", ``, ${...}, $(...), $[...], $'...', $"...", <(...), >(...))
3697 correctly. Some of the parameter expansion code was updated as a
3700 d. A fix was made to `test' when given three arguments so that a binary
3701 operator is checked for first, before checking that the first argument
3704 e. 2''>/dev/null is no longer equivalent to 2>/dev/null.
3706 f. Parser error messages were regularized, and in most cases the name of
3707 the shell script being read by a non-interactive shell is not printed
3710 g. A fix was made to the completion code so that it no longer removes the
3711 text the user typed in some cases.
3713 h. The special glibc `getopt' environment variable is no longer put into
3714 the environment on machines with small values of ARG_MAX.
3716 i. The expansion of ${...} now follows the POSIX.2 rules for finding the
3719 j. The shell no longer displays spurious status messages for background
3720 jobs in shell scripts that complete successfully when the script is
3721 run from a terminal.
3723 k. `shopt -o' now correctly updates $SHELLOPTS.
3725 l. A bug that caused the $PATH searching code to return a non-executable
3726 file even when an executable file with the same name appeared later in
3729 m. The shell now does tilde expansions on unquoted `:~' in assignment
3730 statements when not in posix mode.
3732 n. Variable assignment errors when a command consists only of assignments
3733 now cause non-interactive shells to exit when in posix mode.
3735 o. If the variable in a `for' or `select' command is read-only, or not a
3736 legal shell identifier, a variable assignment error occurs.
3738 p. `test' now handles `-a' and `-o' as binary operators when three arguments
3739 are supplied, and correctly parses `( word )' as equivalent to `word'.
3741 q. `test' was fixed so that file names of the form /dev/fd/NN mean the same
3742 thing on all systems, even Linux.
3744 r. Fixed a bug in the globbing code that caused patterns with multiple
3745 consecutive `*'s to not be matched correctly.
3747 s. Fixed a bug that caused $PS2 to not be printed when an interactive shell
3748 not using readline is reading a here document.
3750 t. Fixed a bug that caused history expansion to be performed inappropriately
3751 when a single-quoted string spanned more than one line.
3753 u. `getopts' now checks that the variable name passed by the user as the
3754 second argument is a legal shell identifier and that the variable is
3757 v. Fixed `getopts' to obey POSIX.2 rules for setting $OPTIND when it
3758 encounters an error.
3760 w. Fixed `set' to display variable values in a form that can be re-read.
3762 x. Fixed a bug in the code that keeps track of whether or not local variables
3763 have been declared at the current level of function nesting.
3765 y. Non-interactive shells in posix mode now exit if the name in a function
3766 declaration is not a legal identifier.
3768 z. The job control code now ignores stopped children when the shell is not
3771 aa. The `cd' builtin no longer attempts spelling correction on the directory
3772 name if the shell is not interactive, regardless of the setting of the
3775 bb. Some OS-specific changes were made for SCO 3.2v[45] and AIX 4.2.
3777 cc. `time' now prints its output to stderr, as POSIX.2 specifies.
3779 2. Fixes to Readline
3781 a. After printing possible completions, all lines of a multi-line prompt
3784 b. Some changes were made to the terminal handling code in rltty.c to
3785 work around AIX 4.2 bugs.
3787 3. New Features in Bash
3789 a. There is a new loadable builtin: sprintf, with calling syntax
3790 sprintf var format [args]
3791 This provides an easy way to simulate ksh left- and right-justified
3794 b. The expansions of \h and \H in prompt strings were swapped. \h now
3795 expands to the hostname up to the first `.', as in bash-1.14.
3797 4. New Features in Readline
3799 a. The bash-1.14 behavior when ^M is typed while doing an incremental
3800 search was restored. ^J may now be used to terminate the search without
3803 b. There is a new bindable variable: disable-completion. This inhibits
3804 word completion and causes the completion character to be inserted as
3805 if it had been bound to self-insert.
3807 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------
3808 This document details the changes between this version, bash-2.0-alpha3,
3809 and the previous version, bash-2.0-alpha2.
3811 There is now a file `COMPAT' included in the distribution that lists the
3812 user-visible incompatibilities between 1.14 and 2.0.
3816 a. Some work was done so that word splitting of the rhs of assignment
3817 statements conforms more closely to historical practice.
3819 b. A couple of errant memory frees were fixed.
3821 c. A fix was made to the test builtin so it recognizes `<' and `>' as
3824 d. The GNU malloc in lib/malloc/malloc.c now scrambles memory as it's
3825 allocated and freed. This is to catch callers that refer to freed
3826 memory or assume something about newly-allocated memory.
3828 e. Fixed a problem with conversion to 12-hour time in the prompt
3831 f. Fixed a problem with configure's argument parsing order. Now you can
3832 correctly turn on specific options after using --enable-minimal-config.
3834 g. The configure script now automatically disables the use of GNU malloc
3835 on systems where it's appropriate (better than having people read the
3836 NOTES file and do it manually).
3838 h. There are new prompt expansions (\v and \V) to insert version information
3839 into the prompt strings.
3841 i. The default prompt string now includes the version number.
3843 j. Most of the builtins that take no options were changed to use the
3844 internal getopt so they can produce proper error messages for -?
3845 and incorrect options.
3847 k. Some system-specific changes were made for SVR4.2 and Solaris 2.5.
3849 l. Bash now uses PATH_MAX instead of MAXPATHLEN and NAME_MAX instead of
3852 m. A couple of problems caused by uninitialized variables were fixed.
3854 n. There are a number of new loadable builtin examples: logname, basename,
3855 dirname, tty, pathchk, tee, head, and rmdir. All of these conform to
3858 o. Bash now notices changes in TZ and calls tzset() if present, so
3859 changing TZ will alter the time printed by prompt expansions.
3861 p. The source was reorganized a bit so I don't have to wait so long for
3862 some files to compile, and to facilitate the creation of a `shell
3863 library' at some future point.
3865 q. Bash no longer turns off job control if called as `sh', since the
3866 POSIX.2 spec includes job control as a standard feature.
3868 r. `bash -o posix' now works as intended.
3870 s. Fixed a problem with the completion code: when completing a filename
3871 that contained globbing characters, if show-all-if-ambiguous was set,
3872 the completion code would remove the user's text.
3874 t. Fixed ulimit so that (hopefully) the full range of limits is available
3877 u. A new `shopt' option (`hostcomplete') enables and disables hostname
3880 v. The shell no longer attempts to save the history on an abort(),
3881 which is usually called by programming_error().
3883 w. The `-s' option to `fc' was changed to echo the command to be executed
3884 to stderr instead of stdout.
3886 x. If the editor invoked by `fc -e' exits with a non-zero status, no
3887 commands are executed.
3889 y. Fixed a bug that made the shopt `histverify' option work incorrectly.
3891 z. There is a new variable `MACHTYPE' whose value is the GNU-style
3892 `cpu-company-system' system description as set by configure. (The
3893 values of MACHTYPE and HOSTTYPE should really be swapped.)
3895 aa. The `ulimit' builtin now allows the maximum virtual memory size to be
3896 set via setrlimit(2) if RLIMIT_VMEM is defined.
3898 bb. `bash -nc 'command'' no longer runs `command'.
3900 2. Changes to Readline
3902 a. Fixed a typo in the code that checked for FIONREAD in input.c.
3904 b. Fixed a bug in the code that outputs keybindings, so things like C-\
3905 are quoted properly.
3907 c. Fixed a bug in the inputrc file parsing code to handle the problems
3908 caused by inputrc files created from the output of `bind -p' in
3909 previous versions of bash. The problem was due to the bug fixed
3912 d. Readline no longer turns off the terminal's meta key, and turns it on
3913 once the first time it's called.
3915 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------
3916 This file documents the changes between this version, bash-2.0-alpha2,
3917 and the previous version, bash-2.0-alpha.
3921 a. The shell no longer thinks directories are executable.
3923 b. `disown' has a new option, `h', which inhibits the resending of SIGHUP
3924 but does not remove the job from the jobs table.
3926 c. The varargs functions in error.c now use ANSI-C `stdarg' if available.
3928 d. The build process now treats the `build version' in .build as local to
3929 the build directory, so different versions built from the same source
3930 tree have different `build versions'.
3932 e. Some problems with the grammar have been fixed. (It used `list' in a few
3933 productions where `compound_list' was needed. A `list' must be terminated
3934 with a newline or semicolon; a `compound_list' need not be.)
3936 f. A fix was made to keep `wait' from hanging when waiting for all background
3939 g. `bash --help' now writes its output to stdout, like the GNU Coding Standards
3940 specify, and includes the machine type (the value of MACHTYPE).
3942 h. `bash --version' now prints more information and exits successfully, like
3943 the GNU Coding Standards specify.
3945 i. The output of `time' and `times' now prints fractional seconds with three
3946 places after the decimal point.
3948 j. A bug that caused process substitutions to screw up the pipeline printed
3949 by `jobs' was fixed.
3951 k. Fixes were made to the code that implements $'...' and $"..." so they
3954 l. The process substitution code now opens named pipes for reading with
3955 O_NONBLOCK to avoid hanging.
3957 m. Fixes were made to the trap code so the shell cleans up correctly if the
3958 trap command contains a `return' and we're executing a function or
3959 sourcing a script with `.'.
3961 n. Fixes to doc/Makefile.in so that it doesn't try to remake all of the
3962 documentation (ps, dvi, etc.) on a `make install'.
3964 o. Fixed an auto-increment error that caused bash -c args to sometimes dump
3967 p. Fixed a bug that caused $HISTIGNORE to fail when the history line
3968 contained globbing characters.
3970 2. Changes to Readline
3972 a. There is a new string variable, rl_library_version, available for use by
3973 applications. The current value is "2.1".
3975 b. A bug encountered when expand-tilde was enabled and file completion was
3976 attempted on a word beginning with `~/' was fixed.
3978 c. A slight change was made to the incremental search termination behavior.
3979 ESC still terminates the search, but if input is pending or arrives
3980 within 0.1 seconds (on systems with select(2)), it is used as a prefix
3981 character. This is intented to allow users to terminate searches with
3982 the arrow keys and get the behavior they expect.